ANKFY1 encodes Rabankyrin-5, a large ankyrin-repeat, BTB/POZ, and FYVE-domain protein that acts on PI3P- and Rab5-positive endosomal membranes. It binds activated Rab5-family GTPases and phosphatidylinositol phosphate lipids to regulate early endosome fusion, macropinocytosis, retromer-dependent endosome-to-Golgi and Golgi-to-lysosome trafficking, and receptor internalization. Recent work shows that ANKFY1 also recruits and stabilizes ATG2A on PI3P-rich endosomal membranes during autophagy, promoting ATG2A-mediated lipid transfer from endosomes to phagophores for autophagosome growth and completion.
| GO Term | Evidence | Action | Reason |
|---|---|---|---|
|
GO:0010008
endosome membrane
|
IBA
GO_REF:0000033 |
ACCEPT |
Summary: Endosome membrane localization/activity is well supported for ANKFY1/Rabankyrin-5.
Reason: ANKFY1 is a FYVE-domain Rab5 effector that binds PI3P and localizes on early/endosomal membranes; this location is central to its endosomal trafficking and ATG2A-bridging roles.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15328530
novel PI(3)P-binding Rab5 effector, Rabankyrin-5, which localises to early endosomes and stimulates their fusion activity
PMID:15328530
Rabankyrin-5 binds most strongly to PI(3)P
PMID:38622126
ANKFY1 recruits ATG2A to PI3P-enriched endosomes and promotes ATG2A-mediated lipid transfer from endosomes to phagophores
|
|
GO:0031267
small GTPase binding
|
IBA
GO_REF:0000033 |
ACCEPT |
Summary: Small GTPase binding is directly supported by Rab5 and RhoD/RAB-family interaction evidence.
Reason: Rabankyrin-5 was identified as a GTP-dependent Rab5 effector, and additional disease/trafficking work supports interaction with RAB5-regulatory machinery; this is a core molecular function.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15328530
Rabankyrin-5 binds to Rab5 specifically, directly, and GTP dependently
PMID:24102721
RhoD binds to the Rab5 effector Rabankyrin-5
PMID:29959197
GAPVD1 and ANKFY1 interact with the endosomal regulator RAB5
|
|
GO:0042147
retrograde transport, endosome to Golgi
|
IBA
GO_REF:0000033 |
ACCEPT |
Summary: Endosome-to-Golgi retrograde transport is supported by Rank-5/retromer evidence.
Reason: Rank-5 interacts and colocalizes with retromer cargo-recognition components, and Rank-5 depletion impairs mannose 6-phosphate receptor retrieval from endosomes to the Golgi.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:22284051
Rank-5 colocalizes and interacts with components of the retromer complex such as vacuolar protein sorting 26 (Vps26)
PMID:22284051
depletion of Rank-5 causes mislocalization of Vps26 and affects both the retrieval of mannose 6-phosphate receptor transport to the Golgi from endosomes and biosynthetic transport
|
|
GO:0090160
Golgi to lysosome transport
|
IBA
GO_REF:0000033 |
ACCEPT |
Summary: Golgi-to-lysosome/biosynthetic transport is supported as part of the Rank-5 retromer-trafficking phenotype.
Reason: The same Rank-5 depletion experiments that disrupt retromer distribution also affect biosynthetic transport, consistent with a role in endosome/Golgi/lysosome trafficking.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:22284051
depletion of Rank-5 causes mislocalization of Vps26 and affects both the retrieval of mannose 6-phosphate receptor transport to the Golgi from endosomes and biosynthetic transport
|
|
GO:0005737
cytoplasm
|
IEA
GO_REF:0000044 |
KEEP AS NON CORE |
Summary: Cytoplasmic localization is supported but is less informative than endosome-membrane localization.
Reason: ANKFY1 was initially described as a cytoplasmic protein and is present in soluble fractions, but the biologically informative location is its recruitment to PI3P/Rab5-positive endosomal membranes.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:10940552
Ankhzn protein is ubiquitously expressed in a spatiotemporal-specific manner and is located on endosomes
PMID:10940552
present in both membrane and soluble fractions obtained on subcellular fractionation
PMID:15328530
novel PI(3)P-binding Rab5 effector, Rabankyrin-5, which localises to early endosomes and stimulates their fusion activity
|
|
GO:0005768
endosome
|
IEA
GO_REF:0000117 |
ACCEPT |
Summary: Endosome localization is supported and relevant to ANKFY1 function.
Reason: The original ANKHZN paper and later Rabankyrin-5 studies place the protein on endosomes, where it binds Rab5/PI3P and coordinates endocytic trafficking.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:10940552
Ankhzn protein is ubiquitously expressed in a spatiotemporal-specific manner and is located on endosomes
PMID:15328530
novel PI(3)P-binding Rab5 effector, Rabankyrin-5, which localises to early endosomes and stimulates their fusion activity
|
|
GO:0005769
early endosome
|
IEA
GO_REF:0000044 |
ACCEPT |
Summary: Early endosome localization is supported by Rabankyrin-5 colocalization with Rab5/EEA1-positive compartments and later functional studies.
Reason: ANKFY1/Rabankyrin-5 localizes to early endosomes and its endosomal localization is required for endosomal fusion, retromer-related trafficking, and ATG2A recruitment during autophagy stimulation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15328530
novel PI(3)P-binding Rab5 effector, Rabankyrin-5, which localises to early endosomes and stimulates their fusion activity
PMID:22284051
Rank-5 colocalizes and interacts with components of the retromer complex such as vacuolar protein sorting 26 (Vps26)
PMID:29959197
GAPVD1 and ANKFY1 interact with the endosomal regulator RAB5
PMID:38622126
ANKFY1 recruits ATG2A to PI3P-enriched endosomes and promotes ATG2A-mediated lipid transfer from endosomes to phagophores
|
|
GO:0005829
cytosol
|
IEA
GO_REF:0000120 |
KEEP AS NON CORE |
Summary: Cytosol localization is supported as a source pool but is not the main functional location.
Reason: ANKFY1 occurs in soluble and membrane-associated fractions; the reviewed functional evidence points to membrane recruitment at PI3P/Rab5-positive endosomes.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:10940552
present in both membrane and soluble fractions obtained on subcellular fractionation
PMID:15328530
novel PI(3)P-binding Rab5 effector, Rabankyrin-5, which localises to early endosomes and stimulates their fusion activity
|
|
GO:0010008
endosome membrane
|
IEA
GO_REF:0000120 |
ACCEPT |
Summary: Endosome membrane localization/activity is well supported for ANKFY1/Rabankyrin-5.
Reason: ANKFY1 is a FYVE-domain Rab5 effector that binds PI3P and localizes on early/endosomal membranes; this location is central to its endosomal trafficking and ATG2A-bridging roles.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15328530
novel PI(3)P-binding Rab5 effector, Rabankyrin-5, which localises to early endosomes and stimulates their fusion activity
PMID:15328530
Rabankyrin-5 binds most strongly to PI(3)P
PMID:38622126
ANKFY1 recruits ATG2A to PI3P-enriched endosomes and promotes ATG2A-mediated lipid transfer from endosomes to phagophores
|
|
GO:0016020
membrane
|
IEA
GO_REF:0000117 |
KEEP AS NON CORE |
Summary: Generic membrane localization is supported but too broad to represent the core location.
Reason: Membrane association is real, but the more informative annotation is endosome membrane/early endosome, where ANKFY1 binds PI3P and functions with Rab5 and ATG2A.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:10940552
present in both membrane and soluble fractions obtained on subcellular fractionation
PMID:15328530
novel PI(3)P-binding Rab5 effector, Rabankyrin-5, which localises to early endosomes and stimulates their fusion activity
PMID:38622126
ANKFY1 recruits ATG2A to PI3P-enriched endosomes and promotes ATG2A-mediated lipid transfer from endosomes to phagophores
|
|
GO:0046872
metal ion binding
|
IEA
GO_REF:0000002 |
MODIFY |
Summary: Metal ion binding is a broad domain-derived proxy for the FYVE zinc finger and should be replaced by the directly demonstrated lipid-binding activity.
Reason: The FYVE domain is biologically important because it binds PI3P-containing membranes; direct lipid-binding experiments support phosphatidylinositol phosphate binding, while generic metal ion binding is not informative for ANKFY1 function.
Proposed replacements:
phosphatidylinositol phosphate binding
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15328530
Rabankyrin-5 binds most strongly to PI(3)P
PMID:38622126
enhanced ATG2A-mediated lipid transfer between PI3P-containing liposomes
|
|
GO:0005515
protein binding
|
IPI
PMID:15328530 The Rab5 effector Rabankyrin-5 regulates and coordinates dif... |
MODIFY |
Summary: The generic protein-binding row reflects Rab5 interaction and should be replaced by small GTPase binding.
Reason: The publication demonstrates specific, direct, GTP-dependent Rab5 binding; GO:0031267 captures the molecular function better than generic protein binding.
Proposed replacements:
small GTPase binding
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15328530
Rabankyrin-5 binds to Rab5 specifically, directly, and GTP dependently
|
|
GO:0005515
protein binding
|
IPI
PMID:20562859 Network organization of the human autophagy system. |
MODIFY |
Summary: The generic protein-binding row reflects ATG8/GABARAP-family association in a high-throughput autophagy network.
Reason: The evidence is a proteomic autophagy-network interaction, so the more specific molecular-function replacement is ubiquitin-like protein binding; it should be treated as non-core relative to Rab5/PI3P/endosomal trafficking.
Proposed replacements:
ubiquitin-like protein binding
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:20562859
The six ATG8 orthologues in humans (MAP1LC3/GABARAP proteins) interact with a cohort of 67 proteins
PMID:20562859
FYVE domain-containing proteins FYCO1 and ANKFY1
|
|
GO:0005515
protein binding
|
IPI
PMID:22284051 Rabankyrin-5 interacts with EHD1 and Vps26 to regulate endoc... |
MODIFY |
Summary: The generic protein-binding row reflects Rank-5 binding to the EHD1 EH domain.
Reason: Rank-5 contains an NPFED motif that binds the EHD1 EH domain; GO:1990175 EH domain binding captures this interaction better than generic protein binding.
Proposed replacements:
EH domain binding
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:22284051
binding occurs between the EH domain of EHD1 and the NPFED motif of Rank-5
|
|
GO:0005515
protein binding
|
IPI
PMID:27189942 EHD3 Protein Is Required for Tubular Recycling Endosome Stab... |
UNDECIDED |
Summary: The local cached article does not provide ANKFY1-specific text for this generic EHD1/Q9H4M9 interaction row.
Reason: The abstract supports EHD paralog binding to NPF-containing partners generally, but the cached text available locally does not document the ANKFY1/Rabankyrin-5 interaction with EHD1 specifically. A replacement such as EH domain binding may be appropriate if full interaction evidence is checked, but this row should remain undecided until the specific evidence is accessible.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:27189942
EHD proteins have an EH domain that interacts with proteins containing an NPF motif
PMID:22284051
binding occurs between the EH domain of EHD1 and the NPFED motif of Rank-5
|
|
GO:0005515
protein binding
|
IPI
PMID:27189942 EHD3 Protein Is Required for Tubular Recycling Endosome Stab... |
UNDECIDED |
Summary: The local cached article does not provide ANKFY1-specific text for this generic EHD3/Q9NZN3 interaction row.
Reason: The GOA includes a distinct PMID:27189942 IPI row for EHD3/Q9NZN3. The cached abstract supports EHD-family EH-domain recognition of NPF-containing partners and distinguishes EHD1 from EHD3, but it does not expose ANKFY1/Rabankyrin-5-specific interaction evidence for this partner. This row should remain undecided until the specific IntAct/full-text evidence is accessible.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:27189942
EHD proteins have an EH domain that interacts with proteins containing an NPF motif
PMID:27189942
EHD1 and EHD3 have 86% amino acid identity; they homo- and heterodimerize and partially co-localize to TRE
|
|
GO:0005768
endosome
|
IDA
GO_REF:0000052 |
ACCEPT |
Summary: Endosome localization is supported and relevant to ANKFY1 function.
Reason: The original ANKHZN paper and later Rabankyrin-5 studies place the protein on endosomes, where it binds Rab5/PI3P and coordinates endocytic trafficking.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:10940552
Ankhzn protein is ubiquitously expressed in a spatiotemporal-specific manner and is located on endosomes
PMID:15328530
novel PI(3)P-binding Rab5 effector, Rabankyrin-5, which localises to early endosomes and stimulates their fusion activity
|
|
GO:0005737
cytoplasm
|
EXP
PMID:10940552 Characterization and chromosomal mapping of a novel human ge... |
KEEP AS NON CORE |
Summary: Cytoplasmic localization is supported but is less informative than endosome-membrane localization.
Reason: ANKFY1 was initially described as a cytoplasmic protein and is present in soluble fractions, but the biologically informative location is its recruitment to PI3P/Rab5-positive endosomal membranes.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:10940552
Ankhzn protein is ubiquitously expressed in a spatiotemporal-specific manner and is located on endosomes
PMID:10940552
present in both membrane and soluble fractions obtained on subcellular fractionation
PMID:15328530
novel PI(3)P-binding Rab5 effector, Rabankyrin-5, which localises to early endosomes and stimulates their fusion activity
|
|
GO:0005769
early endosome
|
EXP
PMID:22284051 Rabankyrin-5 interacts with EHD1 and Vps26 to regulate endoc... |
ACCEPT |
Summary: Early endosome localization is supported by Rabankyrin-5 colocalization with Rab5/EEA1-positive compartments and later functional studies.
Reason: ANKFY1/Rabankyrin-5 localizes to early endosomes and its endosomal localization is required for endosomal fusion, retromer-related trafficking, and ATG2A recruitment during autophagy stimulation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15328530
novel PI(3)P-binding Rab5 effector, Rabankyrin-5, which localises to early endosomes and stimulates their fusion activity
PMID:22284051
Rank-5 colocalizes and interacts with components of the retromer complex such as vacuolar protein sorting 26 (Vps26)
PMID:29959197
GAPVD1 and ANKFY1 interact with the endosomal regulator RAB5
PMID:38622126
ANKFY1 recruits ATG2A to PI3P-enriched endosomes and promotes ATG2A-mediated lipid transfer from endosomes to phagophores
|
|
GO:0005769
early endosome
|
EXP
PMID:29959197 GAPVD1 and ANKFY1 Mutations Implicate RAB5 Regulation in Nep... |
ACCEPT |
Summary: Early endosome localization is supported by Rabankyrin-5 colocalization with Rab5/EEA1-positive compartments and later functional studies.
Reason: ANKFY1/Rabankyrin-5 localizes to early endosomes and its endosomal localization is required for endosomal fusion, retromer-related trafficking, and ATG2A recruitment during autophagy stimulation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15328530
novel PI(3)P-binding Rab5 effector, Rabankyrin-5, which localises to early endosomes and stimulates their fusion activity
PMID:22284051
Rank-5 colocalizes and interacts with components of the retromer complex such as vacuolar protein sorting 26 (Vps26)
PMID:29959197
GAPVD1 and ANKFY1 interact with the endosomal regulator RAB5
PMID:38622126
ANKFY1 recruits ATG2A to PI3P-enriched endosomes and promotes ATG2A-mediated lipid transfer from endosomes to phagophores
|
|
GO:0010008
endosome membrane
|
EXP
PMID:10940552 Characterization and chromosomal mapping of a novel human ge... |
ACCEPT |
Summary: Endosome membrane localization/activity is well supported for ANKFY1/Rabankyrin-5.
Reason: ANKFY1 is a FYVE-domain Rab5 effector that binds PI3P and localizes on early/endosomal membranes; this location is central to its endosomal trafficking and ATG2A-bridging roles.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15328530
novel PI(3)P-binding Rab5 effector, Rabankyrin-5, which localises to early endosomes and stimulates their fusion activity
PMID:15328530
Rabankyrin-5 binds most strongly to PI(3)P
PMID:38622126
ANKFY1 recruits ATG2A to PI3P-enriched endosomes and promotes ATG2A-mediated lipid transfer from endosomes to phagophores
|
|
GO:0010008
endosome membrane
|
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-9013438 |
ACCEPT |
Summary: Endosome membrane localization/activity is well supported for ANKFY1/Rabankyrin-5.
Reason: ANKFY1 is a FYVE-domain Rab5 effector that binds PI3P and localizes on early/endosomal membranes; this location is central to its endosomal trafficking and ATG2A-bridging roles.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15328530
novel PI(3)P-binding Rab5 effector, Rabankyrin-5, which localises to early endosomes and stimulates their fusion activity
PMID:15328530
Rabankyrin-5 binds most strongly to PI(3)P
PMID:38622126
ANKFY1 recruits ATG2A to PI3P-enriched endosomes and promotes ATG2A-mediated lipid transfer from endosomes to phagophores
|
|
GO:0070062
extracellular exosome
|
HDA
PMID:18570454 Proteomic analysis of exosomes from human neural stem cells ... |
KEEP AS NON CORE |
Summary: Extracellular exosome detection comes from high-throughput proteomics and is not central to ANKFY1 function.
Reason: The exosome rows may reflect proteomic detection, but they do not explain the core Rab5/PI3P/endosomal trafficking and ATG2A autophagosome-assembly roles.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15328530
novel PI(3)P-binding Rab5 effector, Rabankyrin-5, which localises to early endosomes and stimulates their fusion activity
PMID:20562859
depletion of ANKFY1 also led to increased autophagosomal number without blocking flux
PMID:38622126
ANKFY1 recruits ATG2A to PI3P-enriched endosomes and promotes ATG2A-mediated lipid transfer from endosomes to phagophores
|
|
GO:0016197
endosomal transport
|
IMP
PMID:24102721 RhoD binds the Rab5 effector Rabankyrin-5 and has a role in ... |
ACCEPT |
Summary: Endosomal transport is supported by RhoD/PDGFR trafficking and the broader Rabankyrin-5 endosomal phenotype.
Reason: RhoD and Rabankyrin-5 coordinate Rab/Rho activities during internalization and trafficking of activated receptor cargo; this is consistent with the core endosomal transport function.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:24102721
coordinating RhoD and Rab activities during internalization and trafficking of activated tyrosine kinase receptors
PMID:15328530
novel PI(3)P-binding Rab5 effector, Rabankyrin-5, which localises to early endosomes and stimulates their fusion activity
PMID:22284051
depletion of Rank-5 causes mislocalization of Vps26 and affects both the retrieval of mannose 6-phosphate receptor transport to the Golgi from endosomes and biosynthetic transport
|
|
GO:0030904
retromer complex
|
IDA
PMID:22284051 Rabankyrin-5 interacts with EHD1 and Vps26 to regulate endoc... |
KEEP AS NON CORE |
Summary: Retromer complex colocalization is supported, but ANKFY1 is not established as a retromer complex subunit.
Reason: The qualifier is colocalizes_with, and the evidence shows interaction/colocalization with VPS26 and retromer distribution defects rather than stable retromer-complex membership.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:22284051
Rank-5 colocalizes and interacts with components of the retromer complex such as vacuolar protein sorting 26 (Vps26)
PMID:22284051
depletion of Rank-5 causes mislocalization of Vps26 and affects both the retrieval of mannose 6-phosphate receptor transport to the Golgi from endosomes and biosynthetic transport
|
|
GO:0042147
retrograde transport, endosome to Golgi
|
IMP
PMID:22284051 Rabankyrin-5 interacts with EHD1 and Vps26 to regulate endoc... |
ACCEPT |
Summary: Endosome-to-Golgi retrograde transport is supported by Rank-5/retromer evidence.
Reason: Rank-5 interacts and colocalizes with retromer cargo-recognition components, and Rank-5 depletion impairs mannose 6-phosphate receptor retrieval from endosomes to the Golgi.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:22284051
Rank-5 colocalizes and interacts with components of the retromer complex such as vacuolar protein sorting 26 (Vps26)
PMID:22284051
depletion of Rank-5 causes mislocalization of Vps26 and affects both the retrieval of mannose 6-phosphate receptor transport to the Golgi from endosomes and biosynthetic transport
|
|
GO:0090160
Golgi to lysosome transport
|
IMP
PMID:22284051 Rabankyrin-5 interacts with EHD1 and Vps26 to regulate endoc... |
ACCEPT |
Summary: Golgi-to-lysosome/biosynthetic transport is supported as part of the Rank-5 retromer-trafficking phenotype.
Reason: The same Rank-5 depletion experiments that disrupt retromer distribution also affect biosynthetic transport, consistent with a role in endosome/Golgi/lysosome trafficking.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:22284051
depletion of Rank-5 causes mislocalization of Vps26 and affects both the retrieval of mannose 6-phosphate receptor transport to the Golgi from endosomes and biosynthetic transport
|
|
GO:0005769
early endosome
|
IDA
PMID:15328530 The Rab5 effector Rabankyrin-5 regulates and coordinates dif... |
ACCEPT |
Summary: Early endosome localization is supported by Rabankyrin-5 colocalization with Rab5/EEA1-positive compartments and later functional studies.
Reason: ANKFY1/Rabankyrin-5 localizes to early endosomes and its endosomal localization is required for endosomal fusion, retromer-related trafficking, and ATG2A recruitment during autophagy stimulation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15328530
novel PI(3)P-binding Rab5 effector, Rabankyrin-5, which localises to early endosomes and stimulates their fusion activity
PMID:22284051
Rank-5 colocalizes and interacts with components of the retromer complex such as vacuolar protein sorting 26 (Vps26)
PMID:29959197
GAPVD1 and ANKFY1 interact with the endosomal regulator RAB5
PMID:38622126
ANKFY1 recruits ATG2A to PI3P-enriched endosomes and promotes ATG2A-mediated lipid transfer from endosomes to phagophores
|
|
GO:0031267
small GTPase binding
|
IDA
PMID:15328530 The Rab5 effector Rabankyrin-5 regulates and coordinates dif... |
ACCEPT |
Summary: Small GTPase binding is directly supported by Rab5 and RhoD/RAB-family interaction evidence.
Reason: Rabankyrin-5 was identified as a GTP-dependent Rab5 effector, and additional disease/trafficking work supports interaction with RAB5-regulatory machinery; this is a core molecular function.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15328530
Rabankyrin-5 binds to Rab5 specifically, directly, and GTP dependently
PMID:24102721
RhoD binds to the Rab5 effector Rabankyrin-5
PMID:29959197
GAPVD1 and ANKFY1 interact with the endosomal regulator RAB5
|
|
GO:0034058
endosomal vesicle fusion
|
IDA
PMID:15328530 The Rab5 effector Rabankyrin-5 regulates and coordinates dif... |
ACCEPT |
Summary: Endosomal vesicle fusion is directly supported by the original Rabankyrin-5 functional study.
Reason: Rabankyrin-5 is a Rab5/PI3P effector that stimulates early-endosome fusion and affects endosomal vesicle dynamics.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15328530
novel PI(3)P-binding Rab5 effector, Rabankyrin-5, which localises to early endosomes and stimulates their fusion activity
PMID:15328530
Rabankyrin-5 is a Rab5 effector required for the formation of macropinosomes
|
|
GO:0044354
macropinosome
|
IDA
PMID:15328530 The Rab5 effector Rabankyrin-5 regulates and coordinates dif... |
ACCEPT |
Summary: Macropinosome localization is directly supported and relevant to the pinocytosis phenotype.
Reason: Rabankyrin-5 localizes to macropinosomes and its perturbation changes fluid-phase uptake.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15328530
Overexpression of Rabankyrin-5 increases the number of macropinosomes and stimulates fluid-phase uptake, whereas its downregulation inhibits these processes
|
|
GO:0048549
positive regulation of pinocytosis
|
IDA
PMID:15328530 The Rab5 effector Rabankyrin-5 regulates and coordinates dif... |
ACCEPT |
Summary: Positive regulation of pinocytosis is directly supported.
Reason: Overexpression and depletion experiments show that Rabankyrin-5 promotes fluid-phase/macropinocytic uptake, including apical non-clathrin-mediated uptake in polarized cells.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15328530
Overexpression of Rabankyrin-5 increases the number of macropinosomes and stimulates fluid-phase uptake, whereas its downregulation inhibits these processes
PMID:15328530
specifically stimulates apical, non-clathrin-mediated fluid-phase endocytosis
|
|
GO:1901981
phosphatidylinositol phosphate binding
|
IDA
PMID:15328530 The Rab5 effector Rabankyrin-5 regulates and coordinates dif... |
ACCEPT |
Summary: Phosphatidylinositol phosphate binding is a core ANKFY1 molecular function.
Reason: ANKFY1/Rabankyrin-5 binds PI3P via its FYVE domain; this lipid-binding activity explains endosomal recruitment and is required for ATG2A-mediated lipid-transfer enhancement.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15328530
Rabankyrin-5 binds most strongly to PI(3)P
PMID:38622126
enhanced ATG2A-mediated lipid transfer between PI3P-containing liposomes
|
|
GO:0070062
extracellular exosome
|
HDA
PMID:19056867 Large-scale proteomics and phosphoproteomics of urinary exos... |
KEEP AS NON CORE |
Summary: Extracellular exosome detection comes from high-throughput proteomics and is not central to ANKFY1 function.
Reason: The exosome rows may reflect proteomic detection, but they do not explain the core Rab5/PI3P/endosomal trafficking and ATG2A autophagosome-assembly roles.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15328530
novel PI(3)P-binding Rab5 effector, Rabankyrin-5, which localises to early endosomes and stimulates their fusion activity
PMID:20562859
depletion of ANKFY1 also led to increased autophagosomal number without blocking flux
PMID:38622126
ANKFY1 recruits ATG2A to PI3P-enriched endosomes and promotes ATG2A-mediated lipid transfer from endosomes to phagophores
|
|
GO:0005765
lysosomal membrane
|
HDA
PMID:17897319 Integral and associated lysosomal membrane proteins. |
KEEP AS NON CORE |
Summary: Lysosomal membrane detection is plausible but high-throughput and not core.
Reason: The dominant evidence places ANKFY1 on early/endosomal membranes; lysosomal-membrane proteomic detection is peripheral and should not drive the core function summary.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15328530
novel PI(3)P-binding Rab5 effector, Rabankyrin-5, which localises to early endosomes and stimulates their fusion activity
PMID:38622126
ANKFY1 recruits ATG2A to PI3P-enriched endosomes and promotes ATG2A-mediated lipid transfer from endosomes to phagophores
|
|
GO:0016020
membrane
|
IDA
PMID:10940552 Characterization and chromosomal mapping of a novel human ge... |
KEEP AS NON CORE |
Summary: Generic membrane localization is supported but too broad to represent the core location.
Reason: Membrane association is real, but the more informative annotation is endosome membrane/early endosome, where ANKFY1 binds PI3P and functions with Rab5 and ATG2A.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:10940552
present in both membrane and soluble fractions obtained on subcellular fractionation
PMID:15328530
novel PI(3)P-binding Rab5 effector, Rabankyrin-5, which localises to early endosomes and stimulates their fusion activity
PMID:38622126
ANKFY1 recruits ATG2A to PI3P-enriched endosomes and promotes ATG2A-mediated lipid transfer from endosomes to phagophores
|
|
GO:0010008
endosome membrane
|
ISS
GO_REF:0000024 |
ACCEPT |
Summary: Endosome membrane localization/activity is well supported for ANKFY1/Rabankyrin-5.
Reason: ANKFY1 is a FYVE-domain Rab5 effector that binds PI3P and localizes on early/endosomal membranes; this location is central to its endosomal trafficking and ATG2A-bridging roles.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15328530
novel PI(3)P-binding Rab5 effector, Rabankyrin-5, which localises to early endosomes and stimulates their fusion activity
PMID:15328530
Rabankyrin-5 binds most strongly to PI(3)P
PMID:38622126
ANKFY1 recruits ATG2A to PI3P-enriched endosomes and promotes ATG2A-mediated lipid transfer from endosomes to phagophores
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GO:0000045
autophagosome assembly
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IMP
PMID:38622126 ANKFY1 bridges ATG2A-mediated lipid transfer from endosomes ... |
NEW |
Summary: ANKFY1 should be added to autophagosome assembly for its ATG2A-dependent endosome-to-phagophore lipid-transfer role.
Reason: ANKFY1 depletion impairs autophagosome growth, reduces autophagy flux, and phenocopies ATG2A/B depletion; in vitro ANKFY1 enhances ATG2A-mediated lipid transfer between PI3P-containing membranes. GO:0000045 is the conservative process term for this phagophore-growth/autophagosome-completion role.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:38622126
identified a new ATG2A-binding protein, ANKFY1
PMID:38622126
Depletion of this endosome-localized protein led to the impaired autophagosome growth and the reduced autophagy flux
PMID:38622126
enhanced ATG2A-mediated lipid transfer between PI3P-containing liposomes
PMID:38622126
ANKFY1 recruits ATG2A to PI3P-enriched endosomes and promotes ATG2A-mediated lipid transfer from endosomes to phagophores
file:human/ANKFY1/ANKFY1-deep-research-falcon.md
A 2024 study identified ANKFY1 as an ATG2A-binding endosomal factor that bridges endosomes and phagophores, promoting ATG2A-mediated lipid transfer for phagophore growth
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Q: Is there direct experimental evidence that ANKFY1 binds CUL3 or functions as a CRL3/ubiquitin-like ligase substrate adaptor in cells?
Suggested experts: GO ubiquitin-proteasome curators, Proteostasis PN curators
Q: Should ANKFY1 autophagy annotation be limited to autophagosome assembly, or should a more specific future term capture endosome-to-phagophore lipid-transfer bridging by ATG2A adaptors?
Suggested experts: GO autophagy editors
Experiment: Test endogenous ANKFY1-CUL3 binding by reciprocal co-immunoprecipitation or proximity labeling, identify candidate substrates, and determine whether ANKFY1 loss changes CUL3-dependent ubiquitination of those substrates.
Hypothesis: ANKFY1 does not function as a CRL3 substrate receptor unless it shows endogenous CUL3 complex membership and substrate-dependent ubiquitination activity.
Type: Endogenous CUL3 complex and ubiquitination assay
Experiment: Rescue ANKFY1 knockout cells with wild-type, FYVE-deleted, and ATG2A-binding-defective ANKFY1 variants, then assay Halo-LC3 autophagosome completion, LC3 flux, WIPI2/LC3 phagophore PI3P, and in vitro ATG2A lipid transfer.
Hypothesis: FYVE-dependent endosomal recruitment and ATG2A binding are required for ANKFY1 support of phagophore growth.
Type: ANKFY1 autophagy rescue assay
The research report should be a detailed narrative explaining the function, biological processes, and localization of the gene product. Citations should be given for all claims.
You should prioritize authoritative reviews and primary scientific literature when conducting research. You can supplement
this with annotations you find in gene/protein databases, but these can be outdated or inaccurate.
We are specifically interested in the primary function of the gene - for enzymes, what reaction is catalyzed, and what is the substrate specificity? For transporters, what is the substrate? For structural proteins or adapters, what is the broader structural role? For signaling molecules, what is the role in the pathway.
We are interested in where in or outside the cell the gene product carries out its function.
We are also interested in the signaling or biochemical pathways in which the gene functions. We are less interested in broad pleiotropic effects, except where these elucidate the precise role.
Include evidence where possible. We are interested in both experimental evidence as well as inference from structure, evolution, or bioinformatic analysis. Precise studies should be prioritized over high-throughput, where available.
The literature consistently identifies ANKFY1 (human) as Rabankyrinโ5, a Rab5 effector protein that contains an Nโterminal BTB/POZ domain, extensive ankyrin repeats, and a Cโterminal FYVE domain, matching the UniProt Q9P2R3 description you provided. The canonical 2004 discovery paper explicitly defines this protein architecture and Rab5/PI3P binding properties, and later human genetic/functional work in podocytes uses the same ANKFY1 identity and FYVEโdependent vesicular targeting (schnatwinkel2004therab5effector pages 2-3, hermle2018gapvd1andankfy1 pages 4-7).
A Rab5 effector is a protein that binds activated Rab5โGTP to execute Rab5โdependent functions on early endosomes (e.g., tethering, fusion, trafficking coordination). Rabankyrinโ5/ANKFY1 binds Rab5 specifically and in a GTPโdependent manner, i.e., it binds Rab5โGTP analogs but not Rab5โGDP and not other tested Rab proteins, satisfying a biochemical definition of a Rab5 effector (Schnatwinkel et al., 2004โ08; https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0020261) (schnatwinkel2004therab5effector pages 2-3, schnatwinkel2004therab5effector pages 1-2).
The FYVE domain is a zincโfinger fold that typically binds phosphatidylinositolโ3โphosphate (PI3P), a hallmark lipid enriched on early endosomes. ANKFY1 is directly PI3Pโbinding, as shown by liposome binding assays, and FYVEโmediated PI3P recognition is a key determinant of its membrane recruitment (Schnatwinkel et al., 2004โ08; https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0020261) (schnatwinkel2004therab5effector pages 2-3, schnatwinkel2004characterisationofnovel pages 106-107).
Ankyrin repeats are common proteinโprotein interaction modules and are frequently used to scaffold multiโprotein assemblies. In the discovery work, ANKFY1/Rabankyrinโ5 is described as containing ~21 ankyrin repeats and an Nโterminal BTB/POZ region, consistent with a role as an endocytic scaffold rather than an enzyme (Schnatwinkel et al., 2004โ08; https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0020261) (schnatwinkel2004therab5effector pages 2-3, schnatwinkel2004characterisationofnovel pages 101-104).
ANKFY1 localizes predominantly to Rab5/EEA1โpositive early endosomes and also to large vacuolar structures corresponding to macropinosomes (Schnatwinkel et al., 2004โ08; https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0020261) (schnatwinkel2004therab5effector pages 1-2, schnatwinkel2004therab5effector pages 10-12, schnatwinkel2004therab5effector pages 2-3). Quantitatively, the early endosome coโlocalization with Rab5/EEA1 was reported at approximately ~80% in A431 cells (schnatwinkel2004therab5effector pages 2-3, schnatwinkel2004characterisationofnovel pages 104-106).
Macropinocytosis / fluidโphase uptake. In epithelial cells and fibroblasts, overexpression of Rabankyrinโ5 increased macropinosome number and stimulated fluidโphase uptake, while downregulation inhibited these processes. In polarized epithelia, this activity was largely apical (Schnatwinkel et al., 2004โ08; https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0020261) (schnatwinkel2004therab5effector pages 1-2, schnatwinkel2004therab5effector pages 10-12).
Endosome fusion. Rabankyrinโ5/ANKFY1 stimulates early endosome fusion activity and can influence fusion steps involving clathrinโderived cargo delivery to early endosomes; however, complementary characterization indicates a modulatory contribution in certain fusion assays (not the sole essential component) (schnatwinkel2004therab5effector pages 2-3, schnatwinkel2004characterisationofnovel pages 104-106).
A key mechanistic point is that ANKFY1 targeting to early endosomes depends on both (i) FYVEโmediated PI3P binding and (ii) Rab5 interaction. A FYVEโdeleted ANKFY1 can still bind Rab5โGTP in vitro but fails to localize properly in vivo, and recruitment assays show dependence on Rab5 and PI3P together (schnatwinkel2004characterisationofnovel pages 106-107, schnatwinkel2004characterisationofnovel pages 104-106).
A major 2024 advance is the identification of ANKFY1 as a new ATG2Aโbinding factor that links PI3Pโenriched endosomes to phagophores during autophagosome biogenesis (Wei et al., 2024โ04, Cell Discovery; https://doi.org/10.1038/s41421-024-00659-y) (wei2024ankfy1bridgesatg2amediated pages 1-2, wei2024ankfy1bridgesatg2amediated pages 2-4).
Mechanistic findings:
- Physical/functional coupling: tandem affinity purification + MS identified ANKFY1 as an ATG2A interactor, validated by coโIP; binding increased under autophagy stimulation conditions (e.g., Torin1/starvation) (wei2024ankfy1bridgesatg2amediated pages 1-2).
- PI3P dependence: recombinant ANKFY1 binds PI3P strongly, and FYVE deletion abrogates its capacity to support ATG2A activity (wei2024ankfy1bridgesatg2amediated pages 2-4, wei2024ankfy1bridgesatg2amediated pages 10-12).
- Reconstitution: In liposome assays, ANKFY1 robustly recruited ATG2A to PI3P membranes and promoted tethering/clustering, enabling enhanced ATG2A lipid transfer (wei2024ankfy1bridgesatg2amediated pages 2-4, wei2024ankfy1bridgesatg2amediated pages 8-10).
- Quantitative effect size: ANKFY1 approximately doubled ATG2A lipid transfer efficiency in a FRETโbased lipid transfer assay (wei2024ankfy1bridgesatg2amediated pages 10-12).
The most direct visual evidence is provided by microscopy showing ANKFY1 in close proximity to both endosomal and phagophore markers and by biochemistry/biophysics panels showing enhanced ATG2A recruitment and lipid transfer (wei2024ankfy1bridgesatg2amediated media a99a411e, wei2024ankfy1bridgesatg2amediated media ea7133fe).
A 2024 case report describes a child with infantileโonset proteinuria and a movement disorder carrying compound heterozygous ANKFY1 variants (Zhang et al., 2024โ06, Clinical Kidney Journal; https://doi.org/10.1093/ckj/sfae124) (zhang2024compoundheterozygousvariants pages 1-3).
Notable functional and quantitative observations in this report:
- An intronic deletion caused abnormal splicing with nested PCR products of 199 bp (full length) and 108 bp (exonโ24 skipped) (zhang2024compoundheterozygousvariants pages 3-4).
- Both variants reduced ANKFY1 protein expression in transfected cells; localization was not obviously altered in that overexpression assay (zhang2024compoundheterozygousvariants pages 4-5).
- Reported urinary microprotein values included ฮฑ1โmicroglobulin 127 mg/L, microalbumin 159 mg/L, and IgG 42.3 mg/L (zhang2024compoundheterozygousvariants pages 1-3).
These findings complement earlier evidence linking ANKFY1 to steroidโresistant nephrotic syndrome via Rab5/endocytic regulation (see ยง4.2) (hermle2018gapvd1andankfy1 pages 4-7).
In practice, ANKFY1 is used as:
- a marker and mechanistic component for Rab5/PI3P early endosome biology and macropinocytosis studies, due to its Rab5โGTP and PI3P binding and its localization to early endosomes/macropinosomes (schnatwinkel2004therab5effector pages 2-3, schnatwinkel2004therab5effector pages 10-12);
- an experimentally tractable scaffold to dissect how endosomes and PI3Pโpositive membranes coordinate diverse uptake routes (clathrinโdependent and macropinocytic) under Rab5 control (schnatwinkel2004therab5effector pages 10-12, schnatwinkel2004therab5effector pages 1-2).
Wholeโexome sequencing in a cohort of 665 patients with steroidโresistant nephrotic syndrome identified a homozygous ANKFY1 variant in two siblings, and functional assays supported a Rab5 regulatory mechanism through ANKFY1 and GAPVD1 interaction (Hermle et al., 2018โ06, JASN; https://doi.org/10.1681/ASN.2017121312) (hermle2018gapvd1andankfy1 pages 4-7). This positions ANKFY1 as a gene that can be included in monogenic SRNS diagnostic evaluation and mechanistic interpretation, particularly in cases suggesting endocytic trafficking defects.
Across biochemical binding assays, localization, and functional perturbations, the most consistent interpretation is that ANKFY1 is an adapter/scaffold that couples Rab5โGTP signaling to PI3Pโrich membranes, influencing endosome fusion dynamics and macropinocytic uptake (schnatwinkel2004therab5effector pages 2-3, schnatwinkel2004therab5effector pages 1-2). Its requirement for both Rab5 interaction and PI3P binding for correct targeting supports a โcoincidence detectionโ model commonly invoked for endosomal effectors (schnatwinkel2004characterisationofnovel pages 106-107, schnatwinkel2004characterisationofnovel pages 104-106).
Wei et al. (2024) extend the ANKFY1 functional landscape by proposing that PI3Pโendosomes are not only trafficking hubs but can serve as lipid donors to growing phagophores via an ANKFY1โATG2A bridging mechanism (wei2024ankfy1bridgesatg2amediated pages 1-2, wei2024ankfy1bridgesatg2amediated pages 2-4). The combined inโcell and inโvitro reconstitution evidence, including a quantitative increase in lipid transfer efficiency, supports an actionable mechanistic model rather than a purely correlative association (wei2024ankfy1bridgesatg2amediated pages 10-12, wei2024ankfy1bridgesatg2amediated media ea7133fe).
Open Targets lists ANKFY1 association signals for familial idiopathic steroidโresistant nephrotic syndrome, neurodegenerative disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, and overnutrition, each with evidence size 3; the displayed association scores include ~0.37 for familial idiopathic SRNS and ~0.33 for neurodegenerative disease (platform: https://platform.opentargets.org/) (OpenTargets Search: -ANKFY1). These associations should be interpreted as aggregation of evidence types (e.g., genetics/functional/omics) rather than proof of direct causality or druggability.
ANKFY1 (Rabankyrinโ5) is a PI3Pโbinding, Rab5โGTPโbinding endosomal scaffold that localizes to early endosomes and macropinosomes, promotes macropinocytic fluidโphase uptake, and modulates endosome fusion. Recent 2024 work extends ANKFY1โs role to autophagy, where it recruits/bridges ATG2A to PI3P endosomes to enhance lipid transfer and phagophore expansion. Human genetics implicate ANKFY1 in steroidโresistant nephrotic syndrome, and a 2024 case report suggests a possible broader neuroโrenal syndrome associated with biโallelic ANKFY1 variants (schnatwinkel2004therab5effector pages 2-3, schnatwinkel2004therab5effector pages 10-12, wei2024ankfy1bridgesatg2amediated pages 1-2, hermle2018gapvd1andankfy1 pages 4-7, zhang2024compoundheterozygousvariants pages 1-3).
| Aspect | Key claim | Evidence type | Key quantitative/statistical details | Primary source with publication date and URL/DOI | Citation id(s) to use in final answer |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Identity/domains | Human ANKFY1 corresponds to Rabankyrin-5, a Rab5 effector with an N-terminal BTB/POZ domain, ~21 ankyrin repeats, and a C-terminal FYVE finger/domain. | Biochemical, cell biology | Predicted size ~130 kDa; truncation mapping used constructs spanning aa 1โ1169, 1โ1075, 255โ1169, 255โ1075. | Schnatwinkel et al., 2004-08, PLoS Biology; https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0020261 | (schnatwinkel2004therab5effector pages 2-3, schnatwinkel2004characterisationofnovel pages 101-104, schnatwinkel2004characterisationofnovel pages 104-106) |
| Lipid binding | ANKFY1 directly binds phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate [PI(3)P], and FYVE-mediated PI(3)P recognition is required for membrane targeting. | Biochemical | Liposome-binding assays showed strongest binding to PI(3)P; FYVE deletion abolished endosomal recruitment despite retained Rab5-GTP binding in vitro. | Schnatwinkel et al., 2004-08, PLoS Biology; https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0020261 | (schnatwinkel2004therab5effector pages 2-3, schnatwinkel2004characterisationofnovel pages 106-107, schnatwinkel2004characterisationofnovel pages 104-106) |
| Rab5 binding | ANKFY1 binds Rab5 specifically, directly, and in a GTP-dependent manner, consistent with its designation as a Rab5 effector. | Biochemical | Binds GST-Rab5-GTPฮณS/GTPcS, not Rab5-GDP or other tested Rabs. | Schnatwinkel et al., 2004-08, PLoS Biology; https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0020261 | (schnatwinkel2004therab5effector pages 2-3, schnatwinkel2004characterisationofnovel pages 101-104, schnatwinkel2004therab5effector pages 1-2) |
| Localization | ANKFY1 localizes to Rab5/EEA1-positive early endosomes and to large vacuolar macropinosomes; in kidney it is enriched beneath the apical brush border of proximal tubule cells. | Cell biology | ~80% colocalization with Rab5/EEA1-positive early endosomes in A431 cells; macropinocytic structures are largely transferrin-negative. | Schnatwinkel et al., 2004-08, PLoS Biology; https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0020261 | (schnatwinkel2004therab5effector pages 10-12, schnatwinkel2004therab5effector pages 2-3, schnatwinkel2004characterisationofnovel pages 104-106, schnatwinkel2004therab5effector pages 1-2) |
| Endocytosis/macropinocytosis | ANKFY1 promotes fluid-phase uptake and macropinocytosis, especially at the apical membrane of polarized epithelial cells. Overexpression increases, and depletion reduces, macropinosome formation/uptake. | Cell biology | Overexpression increased macropinosome number and fluid-phase uptake; downregulation inhibited these processes; apical restriction emphasized in polarized epithelia. | Schnatwinkel et al., 2004-08, PLoS Biology; https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0020261 | (schnatwinkel2004therab5effector pages 10-12, schnatwinkel2004therab5effector pages 1-2, schnatwinkel2004characterisationofnovel pages 134-138) |
| Endosome fusion | ANKFY1 modulates early endosome fusion, stimulating homotypic early-endosome fusion and heterotypic fusion with clathrin-coated vesicles, but appears modulatory rather than the sole essential factor. | Biochemical, cell biology | Quantitative immunodepletion produced only minor effects in some early-endosome fusion assays, supporting a modulatory role. | Schnatwinkel et al., 2004-08, PLoS Biology; https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0020261 | (schnatwinkel2004therab5effector pages 2-3, schnatwinkel2004characterisationofnovel pages 106-107, schnatwinkel2004characterisationofnovel pages 104-106) |
| Domain requirements for targeting | Efficient recruitment of ANKFY1 to early endosomes requires both PI(3)P/FYVE recognition and Rab5 interaction; neither module alone is sufficient. | Biochemical, cell biology | FYVE deletion mutant still bound Rab5-GTP in vitro but failed to localize in vivo; recruitment assays showed dependence on both Rab5 and PI(3)P. | Schnatwinkel et al., 2004-08, PLoS Biology; https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0020261 | (schnatwinkel2004characterisationofnovel pages 104-106, schnatwinkel2004characterisationofnovel pages 106-107) |
| Autophagy/phagophore expansion | A 2024 study identified ANKFY1 as an ATG2A-binding endosomal factor that bridges endosomes and phagophores, promoting ATG2A-mediated lipid transfer for phagophore growth. | Biochemical, cell biology | ANKFY1 depletion impaired autophagosome growth and autophagy flux, largely phenocopying ATG2A/B depletion. | Wei et al., 2024-04, Cell Discovery; https://doi.org/10.1038/s41421-024-00659-y | (wei2024ankfy1bridgesatg2amediated pages 1-2, wei2024ankfy1bridgesatg2amediated pages 2-4) |
| Autophagy quantitative reconstitution | In reconstituted liposome assays, ANKFY1 enhanced ATG2A-mediated lipid transfer and tethering of PI(3)P-containing liposomes; FYVE-mediated PI(3)P binding was essential. | Biochemical | Example donor liposomes: 61% DOPC, 30% POPE, 2% NBD-PE, 2% Rhod-PE, 5% PI3P; acceptor liposomes: 65% DOPC, 30% POPE, 5% PI3P; ANKFY1 roughly doubled ATG2A lipid transfer efficiency; DLS showed clustering/tethering of 100 nm PI(3)P liposomes only with ATG2A+ANKFY1; microscopy quantification used n=36 vs 48 cells in one assay and n=30 cells in others. | Wei et al., 2024-04, Cell Discovery; https://doi.org/10.1038/s41421-024-00659-y | (wei2024ankfy1bridgesatg2amediated pages 2-4, wei2024ankfy1bridgesatg2amediated pages 10-12, wei2024ankfy1bridgesatg2amediated pages 8-10, wei2024ankfy1bridgesatg2amediated media a99a411e) |
| Visual/mechanistic support | Figure-level evidence shows ANKFY1-ATG2A proximity at Rab5-positive endosomes and LC3-positive phagophores, plus FRET/co-flotation support for ANKFY1-assisted ATG2A lipid transfer. | Figure/image evidence | Retrieved figures include microscopy with white-arrow-marked three-way proximity and FRET curves/quantification demonstrating enhanced transfer in the presence of ANKFY1. | Wei et al., 2024-04, Cell Discovery; https://doi.org/10.1038/s41421-024-00659-y | (wei2024ankfy1bridgesatg2amediated media a99a411e, wei2024ankfy1bridgesatg2amediated media 1181e331, wei2024ankfy1bridgesatg2amediated media ea7133fe, wei2024ankfy1bridgesatg2amediated media 5c7dbd2b) |
| Kidney/podocyte relevance | In podocytes, ANKFY1 localizes to Rab5-positive vesicles/endosomes in a FYVE-dependent manner and interacts with GAPVD1; this supports a role in endocytic regulation relevant to glomerular filtration barrier biology. | Cell biology, genetics | Deletion of the FYVE domain abrogated vesicular localization; ANKFY1 and GAPVD1 partially colocalized and co-immunoprecipitated; endogenous/overexpressed ANKFY1 partially colocalized with Rab5. | Hermle et al., 2018-06, JASN; https://doi.org/10.1681/ASN.2017121312 | (hermle2018gapvd1andankfy1 pages 4-7) |
| Human genetics/disease links | Biallelic ANKFY1 variants are linked to steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS), and a 2024 case report extends the phenotype to a probable neuro-renal syndrome with infantile-onset proteinuria plus movement disorder. | Human genetics, functional assay | 2018 study screened 665 patients by exome sequencing and found homozygous ANKFY1 missense mutation in two siblings with SRNS; 2024 case reported compound heterozygous variants p.Ser918Ter and c.3287โ11_3287โ10del with abnormal splicing producing 199 bp full-length and 108 bp exon-24-skipped PCR products; urinary markers included ฮฑ1-microglobulin 127 mg/L, microalbumin 159 mg/L, IgG 42.3 mg/L. | Hermle et al., 2018-06, JASN; https://doi.org/10.1681/ASN.2017121312; Zhang et al., 2024-06, Clinical Kidney Journal; https://doi.org/10.1093/ckj/sfae124 | (hermle2018gapvd1andankfy1 pages 4-7, zhang2024compoundheterozygousvariants pages 4-5, zhang2024compoundheterozygousvariants pages 3-4, zhang2024compoundheterozygousvariants pages 1-3) |
| Variant functional consequences | Patient-derived ANKFY1 variants in the 2024 case reduced ANKFY1 protein expression but did not obviously alter subcellular localization in the overexpression assay. | Genetics, cell biology | Exon 24-skipped transcript detected; two transcripts differed by ~108 bp; western blot showed reduced ANKFY1 expression from both variants. | Zhang et al., 2024-06, Clinical Kidney Journal; https://doi.org/10.1093/ckj/sfae124 | (zhang2024compoundheterozygousvariants pages 4-5, zhang2024compoundheterozygousvariants pages 3-4) |
| Disease-target associations | Open Targets currently lists ANKFY1 associations with familial idiopathic SRNS, neurodegenerative disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, and overnutrition, but these are association-level signals rather than validated therapeutic indications. | Database | Evidence size reported as 3 for each listed disease; strongest score among displayed entries was for familial idiopathic SRNS (score 0.3696), followed by neurodegenerative disease (0.3345) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (0.2181). | Open Targets platform query for ANKFY1, accessed during this research; https://platform.opentargets.org/ | (OpenTargets Search: -ANKFY1) |
Table: This table summarizes the main experimentally supported functions, localization, pathways, and disease links for human ANKFY1/Rabankyrin-5. It is designed to provide citable claims and quantitative details for a final research report.
References
(schnatwinkel2004therab5effector pages 2-3): Carsten Schnatwinkel, Savvas Christoforidis, Margaret R Lindsay, Sandrine Uttenweiler-Joseph, Matthias Wilm, Robert G Parton, and Marino Zerial. The rab5 effector rabankyrin-5 regulates and coordinates different endocytic mechanisms. PLoS Biology, 2:e261, Aug 2004. URL: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0020261, doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0020261. This article has 299 citations and is from a highest quality peer-reviewed journal.
(hermle2018gapvd1andankfy1 pages 4-7): Tobias Hermle, Ronen Schneider, David Schapiro, Daniela A. Braun, Amelie T. van der Ven, Jillian K. Warejko, Ankana Daga, Eugen Widmeier, Makiko Nakayama, Tilman Jobst-Schwan, Amar J. Majmundar, Shazia Ashraf, Jia Rao, Laura S. Finn, Velibor Tasic, Joel D. Hernandez, Arvind Bagga, Sawsan M. Jalalah, Sherif El Desoky, Jameela A. Kari, Kristen M. Laricchia, Monkol Lek, Heidi L. Rehm, Daniel G. MacArthur, Shrikant Mane, Richard P. Lifton, Shirlee Shril, and Friedhelm Hildebrandt. Gapvd1 and ankfy1 mutations implicate rab5 regulation in nephrotic syndrome. Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN, 29 8:2123-2138, Jun 2018. URL: https://doi.org/10.1681/asn.2017121312, doi:10.1681/asn.2017121312. This article has 75 citations.
(schnatwinkel2004therab5effector pages 1-2): Carsten Schnatwinkel, Savvas Christoforidis, Margaret R Lindsay, Sandrine Uttenweiler-Joseph, Matthias Wilm, Robert G Parton, and Marino Zerial. The rab5 effector rabankyrin-5 regulates and coordinates different endocytic mechanisms. PLoS Biology, 2:e261, Aug 2004. URL: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0020261, doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0020261. This article has 299 citations and is from a highest quality peer-reviewed journal.
(schnatwinkel2004characterisationofnovel pages 106-107): C Schnatwinkel. Characterisation of novel rab5 effector proteins in the endocytic pathway. Unknown journal, 2004.
(schnatwinkel2004characterisationofnovel pages 101-104): C Schnatwinkel. Characterisation of novel rab5 effector proteins in the endocytic pathway. Unknown journal, 2004.
(schnatwinkel2004therab5effector pages 10-12): Carsten Schnatwinkel, Savvas Christoforidis, Margaret R Lindsay, Sandrine Uttenweiler-Joseph, Matthias Wilm, Robert G Parton, and Marino Zerial. The rab5 effector rabankyrin-5 regulates and coordinates different endocytic mechanisms. PLoS Biology, 2:e261, Aug 2004. URL: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.0020261, doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0020261. This article has 299 citations and is from a highest quality peer-reviewed journal.
(schnatwinkel2004characterisationofnovel pages 104-106): C Schnatwinkel. Characterisation of novel rab5 effector proteins in the endocytic pathway. Unknown journal, 2004.
(wei2024ankfy1bridgesatg2amediated pages 1-2): Bin Wei, Yuhui Fu, Xiuzhi Li, Fang Chen, Yiqing Zhang, Hanmo Chen, Mindan Tong, Linsen Li, Yi Pan, Shen Zhang, She Chen, Xiaoxia Liu, and Qing Zhong. Ankfy1 bridges atg2a-mediated lipid transfer from endosomes to phagophores. Cell Discovery, Apr 2024. URL: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41421-024-00659-y, doi:10.1038/s41421-024-00659-y. This article has 13 citations and is from a peer-reviewed journal.
(wei2024ankfy1bridgesatg2amediated pages 2-4): Bin Wei, Yuhui Fu, Xiuzhi Li, Fang Chen, Yiqing Zhang, Hanmo Chen, Mindan Tong, Linsen Li, Yi Pan, Shen Zhang, She Chen, Xiaoxia Liu, and Qing Zhong. Ankfy1 bridges atg2a-mediated lipid transfer from endosomes to phagophores. Cell Discovery, Apr 2024. URL: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41421-024-00659-y, doi:10.1038/s41421-024-00659-y. This article has 13 citations and is from a peer-reviewed journal.
(wei2024ankfy1bridgesatg2amediated pages 10-12): Bin Wei, Yuhui Fu, Xiuzhi Li, Fang Chen, Yiqing Zhang, Hanmo Chen, Mindan Tong, Linsen Li, Yi Pan, Shen Zhang, She Chen, Xiaoxia Liu, and Qing Zhong. Ankfy1 bridges atg2a-mediated lipid transfer from endosomes to phagophores. Cell Discovery, Apr 2024. URL: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41421-024-00659-y, doi:10.1038/s41421-024-00659-y. This article has 13 citations and is from a peer-reviewed journal.
(wei2024ankfy1bridgesatg2amediated pages 8-10): Bin Wei, Yuhui Fu, Xiuzhi Li, Fang Chen, Yiqing Zhang, Hanmo Chen, Mindan Tong, Linsen Li, Yi Pan, Shen Zhang, She Chen, Xiaoxia Liu, and Qing Zhong. Ankfy1 bridges atg2a-mediated lipid transfer from endosomes to phagophores. Cell Discovery, Apr 2024. URL: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41421-024-00659-y, doi:10.1038/s41421-024-00659-y. This article has 13 citations and is from a peer-reviewed journal.
(wei2024ankfy1bridgesatg2amediated media a99a411e): Bin Wei, Yuhui Fu, Xiuzhi Li, Fang Chen, Yiqing Zhang, Hanmo Chen, Mindan Tong, Linsen Li, Yi Pan, Shen Zhang, She Chen, Xiaoxia Liu, and Qing Zhong. Ankfy1 bridges atg2a-mediated lipid transfer from endosomes to phagophores. Cell Discovery, Apr 2024. URL: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41421-024-00659-y, doi:10.1038/s41421-024-00659-y. This article has 13 citations and is from a peer-reviewed journal.
(wei2024ankfy1bridgesatg2amediated media ea7133fe): Bin Wei, Yuhui Fu, Xiuzhi Li, Fang Chen, Yiqing Zhang, Hanmo Chen, Mindan Tong, Linsen Li, Yi Pan, Shen Zhang, She Chen, Xiaoxia Liu, and Qing Zhong. Ankfy1 bridges atg2a-mediated lipid transfer from endosomes to phagophores. Cell Discovery, Apr 2024. URL: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41421-024-00659-y, doi:10.1038/s41421-024-00659-y. This article has 13 citations and is from a peer-reviewed journal.
(zhang2024compoundheterozygousvariants pages 1-3): Luyan Zhang, Xueqin Cheng, Chunli Wang, Wei Zhou, Bixia Zheng, and Aihua Zhang. Compound heterozygous variants of ankfy1 in a child with infantile-onset proteinuria and movement disorder. Clinical Kidney Journal, Jun 2024. URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/ckj/sfae124, doi:10.1093/ckj/sfae124. This article has 0 citations and is from a peer-reviewed journal.
(zhang2024compoundheterozygousvariants pages 3-4): Luyan Zhang, Xueqin Cheng, Chunli Wang, Wei Zhou, Bixia Zheng, and Aihua Zhang. Compound heterozygous variants of ankfy1 in a child with infantile-onset proteinuria and movement disorder. Clinical Kidney Journal, Jun 2024. URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/ckj/sfae124, doi:10.1093/ckj/sfae124. This article has 0 citations and is from a peer-reviewed journal.
(zhang2024compoundheterozygousvariants pages 4-5): Luyan Zhang, Xueqin Cheng, Chunli Wang, Wei Zhou, Bixia Zheng, and Aihua Zhang. Compound heterozygous variants of ankfy1 in a child with infantile-onset proteinuria and movement disorder. Clinical Kidney Journal, Jun 2024. URL: https://doi.org/10.1093/ckj/sfae124, doi:10.1093/ckj/sfae124. This article has 0 citations and is from a peer-reviewed journal.
(OpenTargets Search: -ANKFY1): Open Targets Query (-ANKFY1, 5 results). Buniello, A. et al. (2025). Open Targets Platform: facilitating therapeutic hypotheses building in drug discovery. Nucleic Acids Research.
(schnatwinkel2004characterisationofnovel pages 134-138): C Schnatwinkel. Characterisation of novel rab5 effector proteins in the endocytic pathway. Unknown journal, 2004.
(wei2024ankfy1bridgesatg2amediated media 1181e331): Bin Wei, Yuhui Fu, Xiuzhi Li, Fang Chen, Yiqing Zhang, Hanmo Chen, Mindan Tong, Linsen Li, Yi Pan, Shen Zhang, She Chen, Xiaoxia Liu, and Qing Zhong. Ankfy1 bridges atg2a-mediated lipid transfer from endosomes to phagophores. Cell Discovery, Apr 2024. URL: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41421-024-00659-y, doi:10.1038/s41421-024-00659-y. This article has 13 citations and is from a peer-reviewed journal.
(wei2024ankfy1bridgesatg2amediated media 5c7dbd2b): Bin Wei, Yuhui Fu, Xiuzhi Li, Fang Chen, Yiqing Zhang, Hanmo Chen, Mindan Tong, Linsen Li, Yi Pan, Shen Zhang, She Chen, Xiaoxia Liu, and Qing Zhong. Ankfy1 bridges atg2a-mediated lipid transfer from endosomes to phagophores. Cell Discovery, Apr 2024. URL: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41421-024-00659-y, doi:10.1038/s41421-024-00659-y. This article has 13 citations and is from a peer-reviewed journal.
ANKFY1/Rabankyrin-5 is primarily supported as a PI3P- and Rab5-associated endosomal effector. The core 2004 study identifies Rabankyrin-5 as a PI(3)P-binding Rab5 effector that localizes to early endosomes, stimulates endosomal fusion, localizes to macropinosomes, and promotes fluid-phase uptake. [PMID:15328530 "novel PI(3)P-binding Rab5 effector, Rabankyrin-5, which localises to early endosomes and stimulates their fusion activity"; PMID:15328530 "Overexpression of Rabankyrin-5 increases the number of macropinosomes and stimulates fluid-phase uptake, whereas its downregulation inhibits these processes."]
Retromer and receptor-trafficking evidence is also well supported. Zhang et al. show that Rank-5 interacts with EHD1 through the Rank-5 NPFED motif, colocalizes/interacts with retromer component VPS26, and that Rank-5 depletion disrupts mannose 6-phosphate receptor retrieval to the Golgi from endosomes and biosynthetic transport. [PMID:22284051 "binding occurs between the EH domain of EHD1 and the NPFED motif of Rank-5"; PMID:22284051 "depletion of Rank-5 causes mislocalization of Vps26 and affects both the retrieval of mannose 6-phosphate receptor transport to the Golgi from endosomes and biosynthetic transport."] RhoD work further supports a role in endosomal trafficking of activated receptor cargo. [PMID:24102721 "RhoD binds to the Rab5 effector Rabankyrin-5"; PMID:24102721 "internalization and trafficking of activated tyrosine kinase receptors."]
ANKFY1 also has direct autophagy-relevant evidence. Wei et al. identify ANKFY1 as an ATG2A-binding protein; ANKFY1 depletion impairs autophagosome growth and reduces autophagy flux; purified ANKFY1 binds PI3P through its FYVE domain and enhances ATG2A-mediated lipid transfer between PI3P-containing liposomes. [PMID:38622126 "identified a new ATG2A-binding protein, ANKFY1"; PMID:38622126 "impaired autophagosome growth and the reduced autophagy flux"; PMID:38622126 "enhanced ATG2A-mediated lipid transfer between PI3P-containing liposomes."]
PN projection assessment: the local PN projection currently proposes GO:1990756 ubiquitin-like ligase-substrate adaptor activity for ANKFY1 from Ubiquitin Proteasome System > E3 ubiquitin and UBL ligases > Cul3 substrate receptor > BTB-BACK, variant > ankyrin. This should not be propagated for ANKFY1 without gene-specific support. ANKFY1 has a BTB/POZ-related region, but the reviewed UniProt record and the ANKFY1 literature support Rab5/PI3P/endosomal trafficking and ATG2A-mediated autophagosome assembly, not validated CUL3 complex membership, substrate recognition for a ubiquitin-like ligase, or ubiquitin-like ligase-substrate adaptor activity. Curation conclusion: keep ANKFY1 as proteostasis-relevant through endosome-autophagosome lipid transfer, but exclude it from automatic UPS/Cul3 GO:1990756 propagation unless direct CUL3-substrate-adaptor evidence is found.
action: NEW, IMP, PMID:38622126 โ ANKFY1 depletion impairs autophagosome growth, enhances ATG2A lipid transfer). The genuine proteostasis link is ALP (autophagosome formation), not UPS.Ubiquitin Proteasome System|E3 ubiquitin and UBL ligases|Cul3 substrate receptor|BTB-BACK, variant|ankyrin. PN-node mapping: group (Cul3 substrate receptor)=mappedโGO:1990756 ubiquitin-like ligase-substrate adaptor activity (new_to_goa); class (E3 ligases)=context_onlyโGO:0061630; subtype/type/branch=no_mapping.action: NEW, IMP, PMID:38622126 โ ANKFY1 depletion impairs autophagosome growth, enhances ATG2A lipid transfer). The genuine proteostasis link is ALP (autophagosome formation), not UPS.This file is generated from the current PROTEOSTASIS phase-1 dossier and local gene-review artifacts. Edit the source review, PN mapping, or dossier rather than this generated note when correcting the underlying curation.
id: Q9P2R3
gene_symbol: ANKFY1
product_type: PROTEIN
status: COMPLETE
taxon:
id: NCBITaxon:9606
label: Homo sapiens
description: 'ANKFY1 encodes Rabankyrin-5, a large ankyrin-repeat, BTB/POZ, and FYVE-domain
protein that acts on PI3P- and Rab5-positive endosomal membranes. It binds activated
Rab5-family GTPases and phosphatidylinositol phosphate lipids to regulate early
endosome fusion, macropinocytosis, retromer-dependent endosome-to-Golgi and Golgi-to-lysosome
trafficking, and receptor internalization. Recent work shows that ANKFY1 also recruits
and stabilizes ATG2A on PI3P-rich endosomal membranes during autophagy, promoting
ATG2A-mediated lipid transfer from endosomes to phagophores for autophagosome growth
and completion.'
alternative_products:
- name: '1'
id: Q9P2R3-1
- name: '2'
id: Q9P2R3-2
sequence_note: VSP_035607
- name: '4'
id: Q9P2R3-4
sequence_note: VSP_041447
existing_annotations:
- term:
id: GO:0010008
label: endosome membrane
evidence_type: IBA
original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000033
qualifier: is_active_in
review:
summary: Endosome membrane localization/activity is well supported for
ANKFY1/Rabankyrin-5.
action: ACCEPT
reason: ANKFY1 is a FYVE-domain Rab5 effector that binds PI3P and localizes
on early/endosomal membranes; this location is central to its endosomal
trafficking and ATG2A-bridging roles.
additional_reference_ids:
- PMID:15328530
- PMID:10940552
- file:human/ANKFY1/ANKFY1-uniprot.txt
- PMID:38622126
- file:human/ANKFY1/ANKFY1-notes.md
supported_by:
- &id003
reference_id: PMID:15328530
supporting_text: novel PI(3)P-binding Rab5 effector, Rabankyrin-5, which
localises to early endosomes and stimulates their fusion activity
- &id009
reference_id: PMID:15328530
supporting_text: Rabankyrin-5 binds most strongly to PI(3)P
- &id007
reference_id: PMID:38622126
supporting_text: ANKFY1 recruits ATG2A to PI3P-enriched endosomes and
promotes ATG2A-mediated lipid transfer from endosomes to phagophores
- term:
id: GO:0031267
label: small GTPase binding
evidence_type: IBA
original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000033
qualifier: enables
review:
summary: Small GTPase binding is directly supported by Rab5 and
RhoD/RAB-family interaction evidence.
action: ACCEPT
reason: Rabankyrin-5 was identified as a GTP-dependent Rab5 effector, and
additional disease/trafficking work supports interaction with
RAB5-regulatory machinery; this is a core molecular function.
additional_reference_ids:
- PMID:15328530
- PMID:24102721
- PMID:29959197
- file:human/ANKFY1/ANKFY1-uniprot.txt
supported_by:
- &id010
reference_id: PMID:15328530
supporting_text: Rabankyrin-5 binds to Rab5 specifically, directly, and
GTP dependently
- &id013
reference_id: PMID:24102721
supporting_text: RhoD binds to the Rab5 effector Rabankyrin-5
- &id006
reference_id: PMID:29959197
supporting_text: GAPVD1 and ANKFY1 interact with the endosomal regulator
RAB5
- term:
id: GO:0042147
label: retrograde transport, endosome to Golgi
evidence_type: IBA
original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000033
qualifier: involved_in
review:
summary: Endosome-to-Golgi retrograde transport is supported by
Rank-5/retromer evidence.
action: ACCEPT
reason: Rank-5 interacts and colocalizes with retromer cargo-recognition
components, and Rank-5 depletion impairs mannose 6-phosphate receptor
retrieval from endosomes to the Golgi.
additional_reference_ids: &id001
- PMID:22284051
- file:human/ANKFY1/ANKFY1-uniprot.txt
supported_by:
- &id005
reference_id: PMID:22284051
supporting_text: Rank-5 colocalizes and interacts with components of the
retromer complex such as vacuolar protein sorting 26 (Vps26)
- &id002
reference_id: PMID:22284051
supporting_text: depletion of Rank-5 causes mislocalization of Vps26 and
affects both the retrieval of mannose 6-phosphate receptor transport to
the Golgi from endosomes and biosynthetic transport
- term:
id: GO:0090160
label: Golgi to lysosome transport
evidence_type: IBA
original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000033
qualifier: involved_in
review:
summary: Golgi-to-lysosome/biosynthetic transport is supported as part of
the Rank-5 retromer-trafficking phenotype.
action: ACCEPT
reason: The same Rank-5 depletion experiments that disrupt retromer
distribution also affect biosynthetic transport, consistent with a role in
endosome/Golgi/lysosome trafficking.
additional_reference_ids: *id001
supported_by:
- *id002
- term:
id: GO:0005737
label: cytoplasm
evidence_type: IEA
original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000044
qualifier: located_in
review:
summary: Cytoplasmic localization is supported but is less informative than
endosome-membrane localization.
action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
reason: ANKFY1 was initially described as a cytoplasmic protein and is
present in soluble fractions, but the biologically informative location is
its recruitment to PI3P/Rab5-positive endosomal membranes.
additional_reference_ids:
- PMID:10940552
- PMID:15328530
- file:human/ANKFY1/ANKFY1-uniprot.txt
supported_by:
- &id004
reference_id: PMID:10940552
supporting_text: Ankhzn protein is ubiquitously expressed in a
spatiotemporal-specific manner and is located on endosomes
- &id008
reference_id: PMID:10940552
supporting_text: present in both membrane and soluble fractions obtained
on subcellular fractionation
- *id003
- term:
id: GO:0005768
label: endosome
evidence_type: IEA
original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000117
qualifier: located_in
review:
summary: Endosome localization is supported and relevant to ANKFY1 function.
action: ACCEPT
reason: The original ANKHZN paper and later Rabankyrin-5 studies place the
protein on endosomes, where it binds Rab5/PI3P and coordinates endocytic
trafficking.
additional_reference_ids: &id012
- PMID:15328530
- PMID:10940552
- file:human/ANKFY1/ANKFY1-uniprot.txt
supported_by:
- *id004
- *id003
- term:
id: GO:0005769
label: early endosome
evidence_type: IEA
original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000044
qualifier: located_in
review:
summary: Early endosome localization is supported by Rabankyrin-5
colocalization with Rab5/EEA1-positive compartments and later functional
studies.
action: ACCEPT
reason: ANKFY1/Rabankyrin-5 localizes to early endosomes and its endosomal
localization is required for endosomal fusion, retromer-related
trafficking, and ATG2A recruitment during autophagy stimulation.
additional_reference_ids:
- PMID:15328530
- PMID:22284051
- PMID:29959197
- PMID:38622126
- file:human/ANKFY1/ANKFY1-uniprot.txt
supported_by:
- *id003
- *id005
- *id006
- *id007
- term:
id: GO:0005829
label: cytosol
evidence_type: IEA
original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000120
qualifier: located_in
review:
summary: Cytosol localization is supported as a source pool but is not the
main functional location.
action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
reason: ANKFY1 occurs in soluble and membrane-associated fractions; the
reviewed functional evidence points to membrane recruitment at
PI3P/Rab5-positive endosomes.
additional_reference_ids:
- PMID:10940552
- PMID:15328530
supported_by:
- *id008
- *id003
- term:
id: GO:0010008
label: endosome membrane
evidence_type: IEA
original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000120
qualifier: located_in
review:
summary: Endosome membrane localization/activity is well supported for
ANKFY1/Rabankyrin-5.
action: ACCEPT
reason: ANKFY1 is a FYVE-domain Rab5 effector that binds PI3P and localizes
on early/endosomal membranes; this location is central to its endosomal
trafficking and ATG2A-bridging roles.
additional_reference_ids:
- PMID:15328530
- PMID:10940552
- file:human/ANKFY1/ANKFY1-uniprot.txt
- PMID:38622126
- file:human/ANKFY1/ANKFY1-notes.md
supported_by:
- *id003
- *id009
- *id007
- term:
id: GO:0016020
label: membrane
evidence_type: IEA
original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000117
qualifier: located_in
review:
summary: Generic membrane localization is supported but too broad to
represent the core location.
action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
reason: Membrane association is real, but the more informative annotation is
endosome membrane/early endosome, where ANKFY1 binds PI3P and functions
with Rab5 and ATG2A.
additional_reference_ids:
- PMID:15328530
- PMID:10940552
- file:human/ANKFY1/ANKFY1-uniprot.txt
- PMID:38622126
- file:human/ANKFY1/ANKFY1-notes.md
supported_by:
- *id008
- *id003
- *id007
- term:
id: GO:0046872
label: metal ion binding
evidence_type: IEA
original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000002
qualifier: enables
review:
summary: Metal ion binding is a broad domain-derived proxy for the FYVE zinc
finger and should be replaced by the directly demonstrated lipid-binding
activity.
action: MODIFY
reason: The FYVE domain is biologically important because it binds
PI3P-containing membranes; direct lipid-binding experiments support
phosphatidylinositol phosphate binding, while generic metal ion binding is
not informative for ANKFY1 function.
proposed_replacement_terms:
- id: GO:1901981
label: phosphatidylinositol phosphate binding
additional_reference_ids:
- PMID:15328530
- PMID:38622126
supported_by:
- *id009
- &id015
reference_id: PMID:38622126
supporting_text: enhanced ATG2A-mediated lipid transfer between
PI3P-containing liposomes
- term:
id: GO:0005515
label: protein binding
evidence_type: IPI
original_reference_id: PMID:15328530
qualifier: enables
supporting_entities:
- UniProtKB:P20339
review:
summary: The generic protein-binding row reflects Rab5 interaction and
should be replaced by small GTPase binding.
action: MODIFY
reason: The publication demonstrates specific, direct, GTP-dependent Rab5
binding; GO:0031267 captures the molecular function better than generic
protein binding.
proposed_replacement_terms:
- id: GO:0031267
label: small GTPase binding
additional_reference_ids:
- PMID:15328530
supported_by:
- *id010
- term:
id: GO:0005515
label: protein binding
evidence_type: IPI
original_reference_id: PMID:20562859
qualifier: enables
supporting_entities:
- UniProtKB:P60520
review:
summary: The generic protein-binding row reflects ATG8/GABARAP-family
association in a high-throughput autophagy network.
action: MODIFY
reason: The evidence is a proteomic autophagy-network interaction, so the
more specific molecular-function replacement is ubiquitin-like protein
binding; it should be treated as non-core relative to Rab5/PI3P/endosomal
trafficking.
proposed_replacement_terms:
- id: GO:0032182
label: ubiquitin-like protein binding
additional_reference_ids:
- PMID:20562859
supported_by:
- reference_id: PMID:20562859
supporting_text: The six ATG8 orthologues in humans (MAP1LC3/GABARAP
proteins) interact with a cohort of 67 proteins
- reference_id: PMID:20562859
supporting_text: FYVE domain-containing proteins FYCO1 and ANKFY1
- term:
id: GO:0005515
label: protein binding
evidence_type: IPI
original_reference_id: PMID:22284051
qualifier: enables
supporting_entities:
- UniProtKB:Q9H4M9
review:
summary: The generic protein-binding row reflects Rank-5 binding to the EHD1
EH domain.
action: MODIFY
reason: Rank-5 contains an NPFED motif that binds the EHD1 EH domain;
GO:1990175 EH domain binding captures this interaction better than generic
protein binding.
proposed_replacement_terms:
- id: GO:1990175
label: EH domain binding
additional_reference_ids:
- PMID:22284051
supported_by:
- &id011
reference_id: PMID:22284051
supporting_text: binding occurs between the EH domain of EHD1 and the
NPFED motif of Rank-5
- term:
id: GO:0005515
label: protein binding
evidence_type: IPI
original_reference_id: PMID:27189942
qualifier: enables
supporting_entities:
- UniProtKB:Q9H4M9
review:
summary: The local cached article does not provide ANKFY1-specific text for
this generic EHD1/Q9H4M9 interaction row.
action: UNDECIDED
reason: The abstract supports EHD paralog binding to NPF-containing partners
generally, but the cached text available locally does not document the
ANKFY1/Rabankyrin-5 interaction with EHD1 specifically. A replacement such
as EH domain binding may be appropriate if full interaction evidence is
checked, but this row should remain undecided until the specific evidence
is accessible.
additional_reference_ids:
- PMID:27189942
- PMID:22284051
supported_by:
- reference_id: PMID:27189942
supporting_text: EHD proteins have an EH domain that interacts with
proteins containing an NPF motif
- *id011
- term:
id: GO:0005515
label: protein binding
evidence_type: IPI
original_reference_id: PMID:27189942
qualifier: enables
supporting_entities:
- UniProtKB:Q9NZN3
review:
summary: The local cached article does not provide ANKFY1-specific text for
this generic EHD3/Q9NZN3 interaction row.
action: UNDECIDED
reason: The GOA includes a distinct PMID:27189942 IPI row for EHD3/Q9NZN3.
The cached abstract supports EHD-family EH-domain recognition of
NPF-containing partners and distinguishes EHD1 from EHD3, but it does not
expose ANKFY1/Rabankyrin-5-specific interaction evidence for this partner.
This row should remain undecided until the specific IntAct/full-text
evidence is accessible.
additional_reference_ids:
- PMID:27189942
- PMID:22284051
supported_by:
- reference_id: PMID:27189942
supporting_text: EHD proteins have an EH domain that interacts with
proteins containing an NPF motif
- reference_id: PMID:27189942
supporting_text: EHD1 and EHD3 have 86% amino acid identity; they homo-
and heterodimerize and partially co-localize to TRE
- term:
id: GO:0005768
label: endosome
evidence_type: IDA
original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000052
qualifier: located_in
review:
summary: Endosome localization is supported and relevant to ANKFY1 function.
action: ACCEPT
reason: The original ANKHZN paper and later Rabankyrin-5 studies place the
protein on endosomes, where it binds Rab5/PI3P and coordinates endocytic
trafficking.
additional_reference_ids: *id012
supported_by:
- *id004
- *id003
- term:
id: GO:0005737
label: cytoplasm
evidence_type: EXP
original_reference_id: PMID:10940552
qualifier: located_in
review:
summary: Cytoplasmic localization is supported but is less informative than
endosome-membrane localization.
action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
reason: ANKFY1 was initially described as a cytoplasmic protein and is
present in soluble fractions, but the biologically informative location is
its recruitment to PI3P/Rab5-positive endosomal membranes.
additional_reference_ids:
- PMID:10940552
- PMID:15328530
- file:human/ANKFY1/ANKFY1-uniprot.txt
supported_by:
- *id004
- *id008
- *id003
- term:
id: GO:0005769
label: early endosome
evidence_type: EXP
original_reference_id: PMID:22284051
qualifier: located_in
review:
summary: Early endosome localization is supported by Rabankyrin-5
colocalization with Rab5/EEA1-positive compartments and later functional
studies.
action: ACCEPT
reason: ANKFY1/Rabankyrin-5 localizes to early endosomes and its endosomal
localization is required for endosomal fusion, retromer-related
trafficking, and ATG2A recruitment during autophagy stimulation.
additional_reference_ids:
- PMID:15328530
- PMID:22284051
- PMID:29959197
- PMID:38622126
- file:human/ANKFY1/ANKFY1-uniprot.txt
supported_by:
- *id003
- *id005
- *id006
- *id007
- term:
id: GO:0005769
label: early endosome
evidence_type: EXP
original_reference_id: PMID:29959197
qualifier: located_in
review:
summary: Early endosome localization is supported by Rabankyrin-5
colocalization with Rab5/EEA1-positive compartments and later functional
studies.
action: ACCEPT
reason: ANKFY1/Rabankyrin-5 localizes to early endosomes and its endosomal
localization is required for endosomal fusion, retromer-related
trafficking, and ATG2A recruitment during autophagy stimulation.
additional_reference_ids:
- PMID:15328530
- PMID:22284051
- PMID:29959197
- PMID:38622126
- file:human/ANKFY1/ANKFY1-uniprot.txt
supported_by:
- *id003
- *id005
- *id006
- *id007
- term:
id: GO:0010008
label: endosome membrane
evidence_type: EXP
original_reference_id: PMID:10940552
qualifier: located_in
review:
summary: Endosome membrane localization/activity is well supported for
ANKFY1/Rabankyrin-5.
action: ACCEPT
reason: ANKFY1 is a FYVE-domain Rab5 effector that binds PI3P and localizes
on early/endosomal membranes; this location is central to its endosomal
trafficking and ATG2A-bridging roles.
additional_reference_ids:
- PMID:15328530
- PMID:10940552
- file:human/ANKFY1/ANKFY1-uniprot.txt
- PMID:38622126
- file:human/ANKFY1/ANKFY1-notes.md
supported_by:
- *id003
- *id009
- *id007
- term:
id: GO:0010008
label: endosome membrane
evidence_type: TAS
original_reference_id: Reactome:R-HSA-9013438
qualifier: located_in
review:
summary: Endosome membrane localization/activity is well supported for
ANKFY1/Rabankyrin-5.
action: ACCEPT
reason: ANKFY1 is a FYVE-domain Rab5 effector that binds PI3P and localizes
on early/endosomal membranes; this location is central to its endosomal
trafficking and ATG2A-bridging roles.
additional_reference_ids:
- PMID:15328530
- PMID:10940552
- file:human/ANKFY1/ANKFY1-uniprot.txt
- PMID:38622126
- file:human/ANKFY1/ANKFY1-notes.md
supported_by:
- *id003
- *id009
- *id007
- term:
id: GO:0070062
label: extracellular exosome
evidence_type: HDA
original_reference_id: PMID:18570454
qualifier: located_in
review:
summary: Extracellular exosome detection comes from high-throughput
proteomics and is not central to ANKFY1 function.
action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
reason: The exosome rows may reflect proteomic detection, but they do not
explain the core Rab5/PI3P/endosomal trafficking and ATG2A
autophagosome-assembly roles.
additional_reference_ids:
- PMID:15328530
- PMID:20562859
- PMID:38622126
supported_by:
- *id003
- &id016
reference_id: PMID:20562859
supporting_text: depletion of ANKFY1 also led to increased autophagosomal
number without blocking flux
- *id007
- term:
id: GO:0016197
label: endosomal transport
evidence_type: IMP
original_reference_id: PMID:24102721
qualifier: involved_in
review:
summary: Endosomal transport is supported by RhoD/PDGFR trafficking and the
broader Rabankyrin-5 endosomal phenotype.
action: ACCEPT
reason: RhoD and Rabankyrin-5 coordinate Rab/Rho activities during
internalization and trafficking of activated receptor cargo; this is
consistent with the core endosomal transport function.
additional_reference_ids:
- PMID:24102721
- PMID:15328530
- PMID:22284051
supported_by:
- &id017
reference_id: PMID:24102721
supporting_text: coordinating RhoD and Rab activities during
internalization and trafficking of activated tyrosine kinase receptors
- *id003
- *id002
- term:
id: GO:0030904
label: retromer complex
evidence_type: IDA
original_reference_id: PMID:22284051
qualifier: colocalizes_with
review:
summary: Retromer complex colocalization is supported, but ANKFY1 is not
established as a retromer complex subunit.
action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
reason: The qualifier is colocalizes_with, and the evidence shows
interaction/colocalization with VPS26 and retromer distribution defects
rather than stable retromer-complex membership.
additional_reference_ids:
- PMID:22284051
supported_by:
- *id005
- *id002
- term:
id: GO:0042147
label: retrograde transport, endosome to Golgi
evidence_type: IMP
original_reference_id: PMID:22284051
qualifier: involved_in
review:
summary: Endosome-to-Golgi retrograde transport is supported by
Rank-5/retromer evidence.
action: ACCEPT
reason: Rank-5 interacts and colocalizes with retromer cargo-recognition
components, and Rank-5 depletion impairs mannose 6-phosphate receptor
retrieval from endosomes to the Golgi.
additional_reference_ids: *id001
supported_by:
- *id005
- *id002
- term:
id: GO:0090160
label: Golgi to lysosome transport
evidence_type: IMP
original_reference_id: PMID:22284051
qualifier: involved_in
review:
summary: Golgi-to-lysosome/biosynthetic transport is supported as part of
the Rank-5 retromer-trafficking phenotype.
action: ACCEPT
reason: The same Rank-5 depletion experiments that disrupt retromer
distribution also affect biosynthetic transport, consistent with a role in
endosome/Golgi/lysosome trafficking.
additional_reference_ids: *id001
supported_by:
- *id002
- term:
id: GO:0005769
label: early endosome
evidence_type: IDA
original_reference_id: PMID:15328530
qualifier: located_in
review:
summary: Early endosome localization is supported by Rabankyrin-5
colocalization with Rab5/EEA1-positive compartments and later functional
studies.
action: ACCEPT
reason: ANKFY1/Rabankyrin-5 localizes to early endosomes and its endosomal
localization is required for endosomal fusion, retromer-related
trafficking, and ATG2A recruitment during autophagy stimulation.
additional_reference_ids:
- PMID:15328530
- PMID:22284051
- PMID:29959197
- PMID:38622126
- file:human/ANKFY1/ANKFY1-uniprot.txt
supported_by:
- *id003
- *id005
- *id006
- *id007
- term:
id: GO:0031267
label: small GTPase binding
evidence_type: IDA
original_reference_id: PMID:15328530
qualifier: enables
review:
summary: Small GTPase binding is directly supported by Rab5 and
RhoD/RAB-family interaction evidence.
action: ACCEPT
reason: Rabankyrin-5 was identified as a GTP-dependent Rab5 effector, and
additional disease/trafficking work supports interaction with
RAB5-regulatory machinery; this is a core molecular function.
additional_reference_ids:
- PMID:15328530
- PMID:24102721
- PMID:29959197
- file:human/ANKFY1/ANKFY1-uniprot.txt
supported_by:
- *id010
- *id013
- *id006
- term:
id: GO:0034058
label: endosomal vesicle fusion
evidence_type: IDA
original_reference_id: PMID:15328530
qualifier: involved_in
review:
summary: Endosomal vesicle fusion is directly supported by the original
Rabankyrin-5 functional study.
action: ACCEPT
reason: Rabankyrin-5 is a Rab5/PI3P effector that stimulates early-endosome
fusion and affects endosomal vesicle dynamics.
additional_reference_ids:
- PMID:15328530
supported_by:
- *id003
- reference_id: PMID:15328530
supporting_text: Rabankyrin-5 is a Rab5 effector required for the
formation of macropinosomes
- term:
id: GO:0044354
label: macropinosome
evidence_type: IDA
original_reference_id: PMID:15328530
qualifier: located_in
review:
summary: Macropinosome localization is directly supported and relevant to
the pinocytosis phenotype.
action: ACCEPT
reason: Rabankyrin-5 localizes to macropinosomes and its perturbation
changes fluid-phase uptake.
additional_reference_ids:
- PMID:15328530
supported_by:
- &id014
reference_id: PMID:15328530
supporting_text: Overexpression of Rabankyrin-5 increases the number of
macropinosomes and stimulates fluid-phase uptake, whereas its
downregulation inhibits these processes
- term:
id: GO:0048549
label: positive regulation of pinocytosis
evidence_type: IDA
original_reference_id: PMID:15328530
qualifier: involved_in
review:
summary: Positive regulation of pinocytosis is directly supported.
action: ACCEPT
reason: Overexpression and depletion experiments show that Rabankyrin-5
promotes fluid-phase/macropinocytic uptake, including apical
non-clathrin-mediated uptake in polarized cells.
additional_reference_ids:
- PMID:15328530
supported_by:
- *id014
- reference_id: PMID:15328530
supporting_text: specifically stimulates apical, non-clathrin-mediated
fluid-phase endocytosis
- term:
id: GO:1901981
label: phosphatidylinositol phosphate binding
evidence_type: IDA
original_reference_id: PMID:15328530
qualifier: enables
review:
summary: Phosphatidylinositol phosphate binding is a core ANKFY1 molecular
function.
action: ACCEPT
reason: ANKFY1/Rabankyrin-5 binds PI3P via its FYVE domain; this
lipid-binding activity explains endosomal recruitment and is required for
ATG2A-mediated lipid-transfer enhancement.
additional_reference_ids:
- PMID:15328530
- PMID:38622126
supported_by:
- *id009
- *id015
- term:
id: GO:0070062
label: extracellular exosome
evidence_type: HDA
original_reference_id: PMID:19056867
qualifier: located_in
review:
summary: Extracellular exosome detection comes from high-throughput
proteomics and is not central to ANKFY1 function.
action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
reason: The exosome rows may reflect proteomic detection, but they do not
explain the core Rab5/PI3P/endosomal trafficking and ATG2A
autophagosome-assembly roles.
additional_reference_ids:
- PMID:15328530
- PMID:20562859
- PMID:38622126
supported_by:
- *id003
- *id016
- *id007
- term:
id: GO:0005765
label: lysosomal membrane
evidence_type: HDA
original_reference_id: PMID:17897319
qualifier: located_in
review:
summary: Lysosomal membrane detection is plausible but high-throughput and
not core.
action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
reason: The dominant evidence places ANKFY1 on early/endosomal membranes;
lysosomal-membrane proteomic detection is peripheral and should not drive
the core function summary.
additional_reference_ids:
- PMID:15328530
- PMID:38622126
supported_by:
- *id003
- *id007
- term:
id: GO:0016020
label: membrane
evidence_type: IDA
original_reference_id: PMID:10940552
qualifier: located_in
review:
summary: Generic membrane localization is supported but too broad to
represent the core location.
action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
reason: Membrane association is real, but the more informative annotation is
endosome membrane/early endosome, where ANKFY1 binds PI3P and functions
with Rab5 and ATG2A.
additional_reference_ids:
- PMID:15328530
- PMID:10940552
- file:human/ANKFY1/ANKFY1-uniprot.txt
- PMID:38622126
- file:human/ANKFY1/ANKFY1-notes.md
supported_by:
- *id008
- *id003
- *id007
- term:
id: GO:0010008
label: endosome membrane
evidence_type: ISS
original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000024
qualifier: located_in
review:
summary: Endosome membrane localization/activity is well supported for
ANKFY1/Rabankyrin-5.
action: ACCEPT
reason: ANKFY1 is a FYVE-domain Rab5 effector that binds PI3P and localizes
on early/endosomal membranes; this location is central to its endosomal
trafficking and ATG2A-bridging roles.
additional_reference_ids:
- PMID:15328530
- PMID:10940552
- file:human/ANKFY1/ANKFY1-uniprot.txt
- PMID:38622126
- file:human/ANKFY1/ANKFY1-notes.md
supported_by:
- *id003
- *id009
- *id007
- term:
id: GO:0000045
label: autophagosome assembly
evidence_type: IMP
original_reference_id: PMID:38622126
qualifier: involved_in
review:
summary: ANKFY1 should be added to autophagosome assembly for its
ATG2A-dependent endosome-to-phagophore lipid-transfer role.
action: NEW
reason: ANKFY1 depletion impairs autophagosome growth, reduces autophagy
flux, and phenocopies ATG2A/B depletion; in vitro ANKFY1 enhances
ATG2A-mediated lipid transfer between PI3P-containing membranes.
GO:0000045 is the conservative process term for this
phagophore-growth/autophagosome-completion role.
additional_reference_ids:
- PMID:38622126
- file:human/ANKFY1/ANKFY1-notes.md
- file:human/ANKFY1/ANKFY1-deep-research-falcon.md
supported_by:
- &id018
reference_id: PMID:38622126
supporting_text: identified a new ATG2A-binding protein, ANKFY1
- &id019
reference_id: PMID:38622126
supporting_text: Depletion of this endosome-localized protein led to the
impaired autophagosome growth and the reduced autophagy flux
- *id015
- *id007
- reference_id: file:human/ANKFY1/ANKFY1-deep-research-falcon.md
supporting_text: A 2024 study identified ANKFY1 as an ATG2A-binding
endosomal factor that bridges endosomes and phagophores, promoting
ATG2A-mediated lipid transfer for phagophore growth
references:
- id: GO_REF:0000002
title: Gene Ontology annotation through association of InterPro records with
GO terms
findings: []
- id: GO_REF:0000024
title: Manual transfer of experimentally-verified manual GO annotation data to
orthologs by curator judgment of sequence similarity
findings: []
- id: GO_REF:0000033
title: Annotation inferences using phylogenetic trees
findings: []
- id: GO_REF:0000044
title: Gene Ontology annotation based on UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Subcellular
Location vocabulary mapping, accompanied by conservative changes to GO terms
applied by UniProt
findings: []
- id: GO_REF:0000052
title: Gene Ontology annotation based on curation of immunofluorescence data
findings: []
- id: GO_REF:0000117
title: Electronic Gene Ontology annotations created by ARBA machine learning
models
findings: []
- id: GO_REF:0000120
title: Combined Automated Annotation using Multiple IEA Methods
findings: []
- id: PMID:10940552
title: Characterization and chromosomal mapping of a novel human gene, ANKHZN.
findings: []
- id: PMID:15328530
title: The Rab5 effector Rabankyrin-5 regulates and coordinates different
endocytic mechanisms.
findings: []
- id: PMID:17897319
title: Integral and associated lysosomal membrane proteins.
findings: []
- id: PMID:18570454
title: Proteomic analysis of exosomes from human neural stem cells by flow
field-flow fractionation and nanoflow liquid chromatography-tandem mass
spectrometry.
findings: []
- id: PMID:19056867
title: Large-scale proteomics and phosphoproteomics of urinary exosomes.
findings: []
- id: PMID:20562859
title: Network organization of the human autophagy system.
findings: []
- id: PMID:22284051
title: Rabankyrin-5 interacts with EHD1 and Vps26 to regulate endocytic
trafficking and retromer function.
findings: []
- id: PMID:24102721
title: RhoD binds the Rab5 effector Rabankyrin-5 and has a role in trafficking
of the platelet-derived growth factor receptor.
findings: []
- id: PMID:27189942
title: EHD3 Protein Is Required for Tubular Recycling Endosome Stabilization,
and an Asparagine-Glutamic Acid Residue Pair within Its Eps15 Homology (EH)
Domain Dictates Its Selective Binding to NPF Peptides.
findings: []
- id: PMID:29959197
title: GAPVD1 and ANKFY1 Mutations Implicate RAB5 Regulation in Nephrotic
Syndrome.
findings: []
- id: Reactome:R-HSA-9013438
title: RHOD binds effectors at the endosome membrane
findings: []
- id: PMID:38622126
title: ANKFY1 bridges ATG2A-mediated lipid transfer from endosomes to
phagophores.
findings:
- statement: ANKFY1 binds ATG2A during autophagy stimulation and promotes
ATG2A-mediated lipid transfer from endosomes to phagophores.
- statement: ANKFY1 depletion impairs autophagosome growth and reduces
autophagy flux.
- id: file:human/ANKFY1/ANKFY1-uniprot.txt
title: UniProtKB record for human ANKFY1/Rabankyrin-5
findings:
- statement: UniProt summarizes ANKFY1 as a Rab5 effector involved in
endosomal trafficking, macropinocytosis, receptor internalization,
retromer-mediated transport, and podocyte migration.
- id: file:human/ANKFY1/ANKFY1-notes.md
title: ANKFY1 review notes for Proteostasis PN assessment
findings:
- statement: The PN Cul3 substrate-receptor projection to GO:1990756 is not
supported by ANKFY1-specific evidence.
- statement: ANKFY1 is proteostasis-relevant through endosome-autophagosome
lipid transfer rather than validated ubiquitin-like ligase-substrate
adaptor activity.
- id: file:human/ANKFY1/ANKFY1-deep-research-falcon.md
title: Falcon deep research report for human ANKFY1
findings:
- statement: The Falcon report summarizes ANKFY1 as a Rab5/PI3P endosomal
scaffold with recent ATG2A-mediated autophagy evidence.
- id: projects/PROTEOSTASIS/reports/pn_projection/pn_projected_annotations.tsv
title: Proteostasis PN projected annotations report
findings:
- statement: The report projects GO:1990756 to ANKFY1 from the Cul3 substrate
receptor PN group.
core_functions:
- description: ANKFY1 is a Rab5/PI3P-positive endosomal effector that
coordinates early endosome fusion, macropinocytosis, endosomal transport,
and retromer-associated endosome-to-Golgi and Golgi-to-lysosome trafficking.
molecular_function:
id: GO:0031267
label: small GTPase binding
directly_involved_in:
- id: GO:0034058
label: endosomal vesicle fusion
- id: GO:0048549
label: positive regulation of pinocytosis
- id: GO:0016197
label: endosomal transport
- id: GO:0042147
label: retrograde transport, endosome to Golgi
- id: GO:0090160
label: Golgi to lysosome transport
locations:
- id: GO:0010008
label: endosome membrane
- id: GO:0005769
label: early endosome
- id: GO:0044354
label: macropinosome
supported_by:
- *id010
- *id009
- *id014
- *id002
- *id017
- description: ANKFY1 binds PI3P-rich endosomal membranes through its FYVE
domain and promotes ATG2A-mediated lipid transfer from endosomes to
phagophores, supporting autophagosome growth and completion during autophagy
induction.
molecular_function:
id: GO:1901981
label: phosphatidylinositol phosphate binding
directly_involved_in:
- id: GO:0000045
label: autophagosome assembly
locations:
- id: GO:0010008
label: endosome membrane
- id: GO:0005769
label: early endosome
supported_by:
- *id018
- *id019
- *id015
- *id007
- reference_id: file:human/ANKFY1/ANKFY1-notes.md
supporting_text: ANKFY1 also has direct autophagy-relevant evidence
proposed_new_terms: []
suggested_questions:
- question: Is there direct experimental evidence that ANKFY1 binds CUL3 or
functions as a CRL3/ubiquitin-like ligase substrate adaptor in cells?
experts:
- GO ubiquitin-proteasome curators
- Proteostasis PN curators
- question: Should ANKFY1 autophagy annotation be limited to autophagosome
assembly, or should a more specific future term capture
endosome-to-phagophore lipid-transfer bridging by ATG2A adaptors?
experts:
- GO autophagy editors
suggested_experiments:
- experiment_type: Endogenous CUL3 complex and ubiquitination assay
hypothesis: ANKFY1 does not function as a CRL3 substrate receptor unless it
shows endogenous CUL3 complex membership and substrate-dependent
ubiquitination activity.
description: Test endogenous ANKFY1-CUL3 binding by reciprocal
co-immunoprecipitation or proximity labeling, identify candidate substrates,
and determine whether ANKFY1 loss changes CUL3-dependent ubiquitination of
those substrates.
- experiment_type: ANKFY1 autophagy rescue assay
hypothesis: FYVE-dependent endosomal recruitment and ATG2A binding are
required for ANKFY1 support of phagophore growth.
description: Rescue ANKFY1 knockout cells with wild-type, FYVE-deleted, and
ATG2A-binding-defective ANKFY1 variants, then assay Halo-LC3 autophagosome
completion, LC3 flux, WIPI2/LC3 phagophore PI3P, and in vitro ATG2A lipid
transfer.