Pancreatic colipase, the classical small secreted protein (112 AA precursor, ~10 kDa mature) that functions as an essential cofactor for pancreatic triglyceride lipase (PNLIP) in dietary fat digestion. Produced by pancreatic acinar cells and secreted into the duodenum, colipase binds to the C-terminal domain of pancreatic lipase and anchors the enzyme to the lipid-water interface in the presence of bile salts, restoring and stabilizing lipase activity during triglyceride hydrolysis. The protein contains multiple disulfide bonds forming a stable structure and exhibits lipase binding activity. Beyond fat digestion, colipase also participates in retinoid metabolism and shows antimicrobial properties (response to bacterium). CLPS is the archetypal member of the colipase family, with related proteins (LRCOL1, CLPSL1, CLPSL2) functioning in non-pancreatic tissues.
| GO Term | Evidence | Action | Reason |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0008047 enzyme activator activity | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | ACCEPT | Summary: Duplicate enzyme activator annotation with IBA evidence. Reason: Phylogenetically conserved activator function. Supporting Evidence: file:human/CLPS/CLPS-deep-research-perplexity.md See deep research file for comprehensive analysis |
| GO:0005576 extracellular region | IEA GO_REF:0000120 | ACCEPT | Summary: Duplicate extracellular annotation (IEA). Reason: Consistent secreted localization. |
| GO:0006629 lipid metabolic process | IEA GO_REF:0000043 | ACCEPT | Summary: Participates in lipid metabolic process through lipase activation. Reason: Central to lipid metabolism in digestion. |
| GO:0007586 digestion | IEA GO_REF:0000120 | ACCEPT | Summary: Essential for dietary fat digestion in small intestine. Reason: Primary biological process. |
| GO:0008047 enzyme activator activity | IEA GO_REF:0000120 | ACCEPT | Summary: Colipase is the classic enzyme activator, enabling pancreatic lipase activity for fat digestion. Reason: Core molecular function, extensively characterized. |
| GO:0016042 lipid catabolic process | IEA GO_REF:0000120 | ACCEPT | Summary: Colipase enables triglyceride catabolism by lipase. Reason: Specific lipid catabolic process. |
| GO:0035473 lipase binding | IEA GO_REF:0000002 | ACCEPT | Summary: Electronic annotation for lipase binding from InterPro domain. Colipase binds pancreatic lipase C-terminal domain. Reason: Core molecular function, extensively characterized. |
| GO:0001523 retinoid metabolic process | IEA GO_REF:0000107 | ACCEPT | Summary: Retinoid metabolic process from Ensembl orthology. Colipase complex hydrolyzes retinyl palmitate to retinol. Reason: Secondary function, colipase-lipase complex processes retinoids. |
| GO:0009617 response to bacterium | IEA GO_REF:0000107 | ACCEPT | Summary: Colipase shows antimicrobial activity against bacteria. Reason: Secondary function, antimicrobial properties documented. |
| GO:0005576 extracellular region | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-192422 | ACCEPT | Summary: Traceable author statement for extracellular localization. Reason: Well-established secreted protein. |
| GO:0005576 extracellular region | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-192434 | ACCEPT | Summary: Traceable author statement for extracellular localization. Reason: Well-established secreted protein. |
| GO:0005576 extracellular region | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-975593 | ACCEPT | Summary: Traceable author statement for extracellular localization. Reason: Well-established secreted protein. |
| GO:0006629 lipid metabolic process | NAS PMID:2045105 Assignment of the human pancreatic colipase gene to chromoso... | ACCEPT | Summary: Lipid metabolic process accurately represents CLPS role in lipid metabolism through lipase activation. Reason: Central to lipid metabolism in digestion. While more specific terms like lipid catabolic process could provide additional precision, this annotation accurately captures CLPS function. Supporting Evidence: PMID:2045105 Assignment of the human pancreatic colipase gene to chromosome 6p21.1 to pter. |
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Download this section (compressed HTML)Q: What is the structural basis of colipase-lipase interaction and bile salt resistance?
Suggested experts: Structural biochemists
Experiment: Crystal structure of colipase-lipase complex at lipid interface
Hypothesis: Colipase binds lipase C-terminus and reorients active site
Type: structural analysis
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