CRMP1

# yaml-language-server: $schema=../../../src/ai_gene_review/schema/gene_review.yaml
id: Q14194
gene_symbol: CRMP1
product_type: PROTEIN
status: DRAFT
taxon:
  id: NCBITaxon:9606
  label: Homo sapiens
description: Dihydropyrimidinase-related protein 1 (CRMP1/DPYSL1), a cytoplasmic CRMP-family protein required
  for class-3 semaphorin (Sema3A) signaling and growth-cone collapse during neuronal development. A catalytically
  dead member of the metallo-dependent hydrolase (dihydropyrimidinase) superfamily, it lacks the conserved
  metal-cofactor residues and has no dihydropyrimidinase activity. CRMP1 regulates neuron projection development
  and dendritic/synaptic organization, binds filamin, and forms homo- and hetero-tetramers with other
  CRMPs; it also has reported roles in cell migration and as an invasion suppressor.
alternative_products:
- name: '1'
  id: Q14194-1
- name: LCRMP-1
  id: Q14194-2
  sequence_note: VSP_042545
existing_annotations:
- term:
    id: GO:0005829
    label: cytosol
  evidence_type: IBA
  original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000033
  qualifier: is_active_in
  review:
    summary: 'cytosol: a core subcellular location for CRMP1 (cytoplasmic/cytoskeletal CRMP).'
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Correct core localization for a cytoskeleton-associated cytoplasmic protein.
- term:
    id: GO:0006208
    label: pyrimidine nucleobase catabolic process
  evidence_type: IBA
  original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000033
  qualifier: involved_in
  negated: true
  review:
    summary: 'NOT: CRMP1 is not involved in pyrimidine nucleobase catabolism (the process counterpart
      of the absent dihydropyrimidinase activity).'
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Correct negation, consistent with loss of catalytic activity. Retain.
    supported_by:
    - reference_id: file:human/CRMP1/CRMP1-uniprot.txt
      supporting_text: Lacks most of the conserved residues that are essential for
- term:
    id: GO:0016812
    label: hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, in cyclic amides
  evidence_type: IBA
  original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000033
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Positive 'hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds, in cyclic
      amides' propagated from the metallo-hydrolase fold signature (IBA). CRMP1 lacks the catalytic metal
      site, and the curated dihydropyrimidinase activity is itself NOT-ed.
    action: REMOVE
    reason: 'Domain/phylogenetic over-propagation refutable on biological grounds: the metal-cofactor-binding
      residues are absent (UniProt CAUTION), so no metallo-hydrolase activity is supported; the real function
      is a non-catalytic cytoskeletal regulator. Same basis as the DPYSL5 review.'
    supported_by:
    - reference_id: file:human/CRMP1/CRMP1-uniprot.txt
      supporting_text: Lacks most of the conserved residues that are essential for
    - reference_id: file:human/CRMP1/CRMP1-uniprot.txt
      supporting_text: Belongs to the metallo-dependent hydrolases superfamily.
- term:
    id: GO:0004157
    label: dihydropyrimidinase activity
  evidence_type: IBA
  original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000033
  qualifier: enables
  negated: true
  review:
    summary: 'NOT: CRMP1 does not have dihydropyrimidinase activity. It belongs to the metallo-dependent
      hydrolase superfamily but lacks the conserved metal-cofactor-binding residues required for catalysis
      (UniProt CAUTION).'
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: 'Correct, important negation: a catalytically dead family member. Retain.'
    supported_by:
    - reference_id: file:human/CRMP1/CRMP1-uniprot.txt
      supporting_text: Lacks most of the conserved residues that are essential for
- term:
    id: GO:0005737
    label: cytoplasm
  evidence_type: IEA
  original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000120
  qualifier: located_in
  review:
    summary: 'cytoplasm: a core subcellular location for CRMP1 (cytoplasmic/cytoskeletal CRMP).'
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Correct core localization for a cytoskeleton-associated cytoplasmic protein.
- term:
    id: GO:0005813
    label: centrosome
  evidence_type: IEA
  original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000044
  qualifier: located_in
  review:
    summary: 'centrosome: a secondary/broad or context-specific localization for CRMP1.'
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Plausible but non-core (broad term, division-/synapse-specific, or high-throughput proteomics).
- term:
    id: GO:0005819
    label: spindle
  evidence_type: IEA
  original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000044
  qualifier: located_in
  review:
    summary: 'spindle: a secondary/broad or context-specific localization for CRMP1.'
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Plausible but non-core (broad term, division-/synapse-specific, or high-throughput proteomics).
- term:
    id: GO:0005856
    label: cytoskeleton
  evidence_type: IEA
  original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000044
  qualifier: located_in
  review:
    summary: 'cytoskeleton: a core subcellular location for CRMP1 (cytoplasmic/cytoskeletal CRMP).'
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Correct core localization for a cytoskeleton-associated cytoplasmic protein.
- term:
    id: GO:0016787
    label: hydrolase activity
  evidence_type: IEA
  original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000002
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Positive 'hydrolase activity' propagated from the metallo-hydrolase fold signature (IEA).
      CRMP1 lacks the catalytic metal site, and the curated dihydropyrimidinase activity is itself NOT-ed.
    action: REMOVE
    reason: 'Domain/phylogenetic over-propagation refutable on biological grounds: the metal-cofactor-binding
      residues are absent (UniProt CAUTION), so no metallo-hydrolase activity is supported; the real function
      is a non-catalytic cytoskeletal regulator. Same basis as the DPYSL5 review.'
    supported_by:
    - reference_id: file:human/CRMP1/CRMP1-uniprot.txt
      supporting_text: Lacks most of the conserved residues that are essential for
    - reference_id: file:human/CRMP1/CRMP1-uniprot.txt
      supporting_text: Belongs to the metallo-dependent hydrolases superfamily.
- term:
    id: GO:0016810
    label: hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds
  evidence_type: IEA
  original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000002
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Positive 'hydrolase activity, acting on carbon-nitrogen (but not peptide) bonds' propagated
      from the metallo-hydrolase fold signature (IEA). CRMP1 lacks the catalytic metal site, and the curated
      dihydropyrimidinase activity is itself NOT-ed.
    action: REMOVE
    reason: 'Domain/phylogenetic over-propagation refutable on biological grounds: the metal-cofactor-binding
      residues are absent (UniProt CAUTION), so no metallo-hydrolase activity is supported; the real function
      is a non-catalytic cytoskeletal regulator. Same basis as the DPYSL5 review.'
    supported_by:
    - reference_id: file:human/CRMP1/CRMP1-uniprot.txt
      supporting_text: Lacks most of the conserved residues that are essential for
    - reference_id: file:human/CRMP1/CRMP1-uniprot.txt
      supporting_text: Belongs to the metallo-dependent hydrolases superfamily.
- term:
    id: GO:0030426
    label: growth cone
  evidence_type: IEA
  original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000120
  qualifier: located_in
  review:
    summary: 'growth cone: a core subcellular location for CRMP1 (cytoplasmic/cytoskeletal CRMP).'
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Correct core localization for a cytoskeleton-associated cytoplasmic protein.
- term:
    id: GO:0043204
    label: perikaryon
  evidence_type: IEA
  original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000044
  qualifier: located_in
  review:
    summary: 'perikaryon: a secondary/broad or context-specific localization for CRMP1.'
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Plausible but non-core (broad term, division-/synapse-specific, or high-throughput proteomics).
- term:
    id: GO:0005515
    label: protein binding
  evidence_type: IPI
  original_reference_id: PMID:15383276
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Specific protein interaction (PMID:15383276); supports CRMP1's scaffold/adapter role but
      the generic 'protein binding' term is uninformative.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Real interaction kept as non-core supporting evidence; the informative function is captured
      in core_functions.
- term:
    id: GO:0005515
    label: protein binding
  evidence_type: IPI
  original_reference_id: PMID:16169070
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Specific protein interaction (PMID:16169070); supports CRMP1's scaffold/adapter role but
      the generic 'protein binding' term is uninformative.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Real interaction kept as non-core supporting evidence; the informative function is captured
      in core_functions.
- term:
    id: GO:0005515
    label: protein binding
  evidence_type: IPI
  original_reference_id: PMID:21900206
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Specific protein interaction (PMID:21900206); supports CRMP1's scaffold/adapter role but
      the generic 'protein binding' term is uninformative.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Real interaction kept as non-core supporting evidence; the informative function is captured
      in core_functions.
- term:
    id: GO:0005515
    label: protein binding
  evidence_type: IPI
  original_reference_id: PMID:24722188
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Specific protein interaction (PMID:24722188); supports CRMP1's scaffold/adapter role but
      the generic 'protein binding' term is uninformative.
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Real interaction kept as non-core supporting evidence; the informative function is captured
      in core_functions.
- term:
    id: GO:0005515
    label: protein binding
  evidence_type: IPI
  original_reference_id: PMID:25416956
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Generic 'protein binding' from a high-throughput interactome screen (PMID:25416956).
    action: MARK_AS_OVER_ANNOTATED
    reason: High-throughput protein binding is uninformative about molecular function (curation guideline).
      Over-annotation.
- term:
    id: GO:0005515
    label: protein binding
  evidence_type: IPI
  original_reference_id: PMID:32296183
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Generic 'protein binding' from a high-throughput interactome screen (PMID:32296183).
    action: MARK_AS_OVER_ANNOTATED
    reason: High-throughput protein binding is uninformative about molecular function (curation guideline).
      Over-annotation.
- term:
    id: GO:0005515
    label: protein binding
  evidence_type: IPI
  original_reference_id: PMID:32814053
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: Generic 'protein binding' from a high-throughput interactome screen (PMID:32814053).
    action: MARK_AS_OVER_ANNOTATED
    reason: High-throughput protein binding is uninformative about molecular function (curation guideline).
      Over-annotation.
- term:
    id: GO:0042802
    label: identical protein binding
  evidence_type: IPI
  original_reference_id: PMID:24722188
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: 'Identical protein binding: CRMP1 forms homo- and hetero-tetramers with other CRMP-family
      members.'
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Real oligomerization but a generic term; non-core.
    supported_by:
    - reference_id: file:human/CRMP1/CRMP1-uniprot.txt
      supporting_text: Homotetramer
- term:
    id: GO:0042802
    label: identical protein binding
  evidence_type: IPI
  original_reference_id: PMID:25416956
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: 'Identical protein binding: CRMP1 forms homo- and hetero-tetramers with other CRMP-family
      members.'
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Real oligomerization but a generic term; non-core.
    supported_by:
    - reference_id: file:human/CRMP1/CRMP1-uniprot.txt
      supporting_text: Homotetramer
- term:
    id: GO:0015629
    label: actin cytoskeleton
  evidence_type: IEA
  original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000107
  qualifier: located_in
  review:
    summary: 'actin cytoskeleton: a core subcellular location for CRMP1 (cytoplasmic/cytoskeletal CRMP).'
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Correct core localization for a cytoskeleton-associated cytoplasmic protein.
- term:
    id: GO:0030425
    label: dendrite
  evidence_type: IEA
  original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000107
  qualifier: located_in
  review:
    summary: 'dendrite: a core subcellular location for CRMP1 (cytoplasmic/cytoskeletal CRMP).'
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Correct core localization for a cytoskeleton-associated cytoplasmic protein.
- term:
    id: GO:0043025
    label: neuronal cell body
  evidence_type: IEA
  original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000107
  qualifier: located_in
  review:
    summary: 'neuronal cell body: a core subcellular location for CRMP1 (cytoplasmic/cytoskeletal CRMP).'
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Correct core localization for a cytoskeleton-associated cytoplasmic protein.
- term:
    id: GO:0051219
    label: phosphoprotein binding
  evidence_type: IEA
  original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000107
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: 'phosphoprotein binding: a specific molecular interaction consistent with CRMP1''s cytoskeletal-adapter
      role.'
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Real, specific binding; informative but secondary to the core cytoskeletal-regulation function.
      Non-core.
- term:
    id: GO:0071526
    label: semaphorin-plexin signaling pathway
  evidence_type: IEA
  original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000107
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: 'semaphorin-plexin signaling pathway: a core neuronal/cytoskeletal process for the CRMP family
      (CRMP1 acts in semaphorin-driven cytoskeleton remodeling and neurite/axon development).'
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Core biological process for a CRMP-family cytoskeletal regulator.
    supported_by:
    - reference_id: file:human/CRMP1/CRMP1-uniprot.txt
      supporting_text: semaphorin
- term:
    id: GO:0098793
    label: presynapse
  evidence_type: IEA
  original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000107
  qualifier: is_active_in
  review:
    summary: 'presynapse: a secondary/broad or context-specific localization for CRMP1.'
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Plausible but non-core (broad term, division-/synapse-specific, or high-throughput proteomics).
- term:
    id: GO:0098794
    label: postsynapse
  evidence_type: IEA
  original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000107
  qualifier: is_active_in
  review:
    summary: 'postsynapse: a secondary/broad or context-specific localization for CRMP1.'
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Plausible but non-core (broad term, division-/synapse-specific, or high-throughput proteomics).
- term:
    id: GO:0150052
    label: regulation of postsynapse assembly
  evidence_type: IEA
  original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000107
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: 'Regulation of postsynapse assembly (IEA, ortholog transfer): a peripheral, electronically
      inferred role, not an established core CRMP1 function.'
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Ortholog-transferred electronic (IEA) annotation with no CRMP1-specific evidence for postsynaptic
      assembly regulation; demoted to non-core for consistency with the postsynapse (GO:0098794) localization,
      which is also KEEP_AS_NON_CORE.
- term:
    id: GO:0005813
    label: centrosome
  evidence_type: IDA
  original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000052
  qualifier: located_in
  review:
    summary: 'centrosome: a secondary/broad or context-specific localization for CRMP1.'
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Plausible but non-core (broad term, division-/synapse-specific, or high-throughput proteomics).
- term:
    id: GO:0005829
    label: cytosol
  evidence_type: IDA
  original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000052
  qualifier: located_in
  review:
    summary: 'cytosol: a core subcellular location for CRMP1 (cytoplasmic/cytoskeletal CRMP).'
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Correct core localization for a cytoskeleton-associated cytoplasmic protein.
- term:
    id: GO:0005737
    label: cytoplasm
  evidence_type: EXP
  original_reference_id: PMID:11562390
  qualifier: located_in
  review:
    summary: 'cytoplasm: a core subcellular location for CRMP1 (cytoplasmic/cytoskeletal CRMP).'
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Correct core localization for a cytoskeleton-associated cytoplasmic protein.
- term:
    id: GO:0043204
    label: perikaryon
  evidence_type: ISS
  original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000024
  qualifier: located_in
  review:
    summary: 'perikaryon: a secondary/broad or context-specific localization for CRMP1.'
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Plausible but non-core (broad term, division-/synapse-specific, or high-throughput proteomics).
- term:
    id: GO:0030496
    label: midbody
  evidence_type: IDA
  original_reference_id: PMID:19799413
  qualifier: located_in
  review:
    summary: 'midbody: a secondary/broad or context-specific localization for CRMP1.'
    action: KEEP_AS_NON_CORE
    reason: Plausible but non-core (broad term, division-/synapse-specific, or high-throughput proteomics).
- term:
    id: GO:0010977
    label: negative regulation of neuron projection development
  evidence_type: IGI
  original_reference_id: PMID:25358863
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: 'negative regulation of neuron projection development: a core neuronal/cytoskeletal process
      for the CRMP family (CRMP1 acts in semaphorin-driven cytoskeleton remodeling and neurite/axon development).'
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Core biological process for a CRMP-family cytoskeletal regulator.
- term:
    id: GO:0031005
    label: filamin binding
  evidence_type: IPI
  original_reference_id: PMID:25358863
  qualifier: enables
  review:
    summary: 'filamin binding: a specific molecular interaction consistent with CRMP1''s cytoskeletal-adapter
      role.'
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Filamin binding is a specific, experimentally demonstrated interaction (PMID:25358863) central
      to this CRMP's cytoskeletal-adapter role; retained as the representative core binding molecular
      function.
- term:
    id: GO:0005829
    label: cytosol
  evidence_type: TAS
  original_reference_id: Reactome:R-HSA-399951
  qualifier: located_in
  review:
    summary: 'cytosol: a core subcellular location for CRMP1 (cytoplasmic/cytoskeletal CRMP).'
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Correct core localization for a cytoskeleton-associated cytoplasmic protein.
- term:
    id: GO:0005829
    label: cytosol
  evidence_type: TAS
  original_reference_id: Reactome:R-HSA-399944
  qualifier: located_in
  review:
    summary: 'cytosol: a core subcellular location for CRMP1 (cytoplasmic/cytoskeletal CRMP).'
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Correct core localization for a cytoskeleton-associated cytoplasmic protein.
- term:
    id: GO:0005829
    label: cytosol
  evidence_type: TAS
  original_reference_id: Reactome:R-HSA-399947
  qualifier: located_in
  review:
    summary: 'cytosol: a core subcellular location for CRMP1 (cytoplasmic/cytoskeletal CRMP).'
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Correct core localization for a cytoskeleton-associated cytoplasmic protein.
- term:
    id: GO:0006139
    label: nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process
  evidence_type: TAS
  original_reference_id: PMID:8973361
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: Nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process (TAS, PMID:8973361) tied to the now-defunct
      dihydropyrimidinase activity claim.
    action: REMOVE
    reason: Legacy process annotation dependent on the superseded enzymatic activity; remove, consistent
      with the NOT|pyrimidine catabolism.
    supported_by:
    - reference_id: file:human/CRMP1/CRMP1-uniprot.txt
      supporting_text: Lacks most of the conserved residues that are essential for
- term:
    id: GO:0007399
    label: nervous system development
  evidence_type: TAS
  original_reference_id: PMID:8973361
  qualifier: involved_in
  review:
    summary: 'nervous system development: a core neuronal/cytoskeletal process for the CRMP family (CRMP1
      acts in semaphorin-driven cytoskeleton remodeling and neurite/axon development).'
    action: ACCEPT
    reason: Core biological process for a CRMP-family cytoskeletal regulator.
references:
- id: GO_REF:0000002
  title: GO annotation through association of InterPro records with GO terms
  findings: []
- id: GO_REF:0000024
  title: Manual transfer of experimentally-verified annotations to orthologs by curator judgment
  findings: []
- id: GO_REF:0000033
  title: Annotation inferences using phylogenetic trees
  findings: []
- id: GO_REF:0000044
  title: GO annotation based on UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Subcellular Location vocabulary mapping
  findings: []
- id: GO_REF:0000052
  title: GO annotation based on curation of immunofluorescence data (HPA)
  findings: []
- id: GO_REF:0000107
  title: Automatic transfer of experimentally verified manual GO annotation data to orthologs using Ensembl
    Compara
  findings: []
- id: GO_REF:0000120
  title: Combined Automated Annotation using Multiple IEA Methods
  findings: []
- id: file:human/CRMP1/CRMP1-uniprot.txt
  title: UniProt entry for CRMP1
  findings:
  - statement: CRMP1 lacks the metal-cofactor-binding residues required for dihydropyrimidinase activity.
    supporting_text: Lacks most of the conserved residues that are essential for
  - statement: CRMP1 belongs to the metallo-dependent hydrolase superfamily.
    supporting_text: Belongs to the metallo-dependent hydrolases superfamily.
- id: PMID:11562390
  title: Collapsin response mediator protein-1 and the invasion and metastasis of cancer cells.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:15383276
  title: A protein interaction network links GIT1, an enhancer of huntingtin aggregation, to Huntington's
    disease.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:16169070
  title: 'A human protein-protein interaction network: a resource for annotating the proteome.'
  findings: []
- id: PMID:19799413
  title: From midbody protein-protein interaction network construction to novel regulators in cytokinesis.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:21900206
  title: A directed protein interaction network for investigating intracellular signal transduction.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:24722188
  title: Protein interaction network of alternatively spliced isoforms from brain links genetic risk factors
    for autism.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:25358863
  title: Amino- and carboxyl-terminal domains of Filamin-A interact with CRMP1 to mediate Sema3A signalling.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:25416956
  title: A proteome-scale map of the human interactome network.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:32296183
  title: A reference map of the human binary protein interactome.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:32814053
  title: Interactome Mapping Provides a Network of Neurodegenerative Disease Proteins and Uncovers Widespread
    Protein Aggregation in Affected Brains.
  findings: []
- id: PMID:8973361
  title: A novel gene family defined by human dihydropyrimidinase and three related proteins with differential
    tissue distribution.
  findings: []
- id: Reactome:R-HSA-399944
  title: Reactome pathway (CRMP/semaphorin signalling)
  findings: []
- id: Reactome:R-HSA-399947
  title: Reactome pathway (CRMP/semaphorin signalling)
  findings: []
- id: Reactome:R-HSA-399951
  title: Reactome pathway (CRMP/semaphorin signalling)
  findings: []
aliases:
- DPYSL1
- CRMP-1
- DRP-1
- ULIP-3
- Collapsin response mediator protein 1
core_functions:
- description: Catalytically inactive CRMP-family cytoskeletal regulator mediating Sema3A-induced growth-cone
    collapse and neuron projection development via the semaphorin-plexin pathway.
  directly_involved_in:
  - id: GO:0071526
    label: semaphorin-plexin signaling pathway
  - id: GO:0007399
    label: nervous system development
  locations:
  - id: GO:0005829
    label: cytosol
  - id: GO:0030426
    label: growth cone
  supported_by:
  - reference_id: file:human/CRMP1/CRMP1-uniprot.txt
    supporting_text: Lacks most of the conserved residues that are essential for
  molecular_function:
    id: GO:0031005
    label: filamin binding
suggested_questions:
- question: By what mechanism does CRMP1 mediate Sema3A-induced growth-cone collapse, and how does this
    relate to its reported invasion-suppressor activity in cancer?
suggested_experiments:
- hypothesis: CRMP1's Sema3A growth-cone-collapse function underlies its invasion-suppressor activity.
  description: Compare Sema3A-induced growth-cone collapse and tumour-cell invasion in cells expressing
    wild-type vs signaling-deficient CRMP1.