CUL3

UniProt ID: Q13618
Organism: Homo sapiens
Review Status: INITIALIZED
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Gene Description

CUL3 is a cullin scaffold protein that forms CUL3-RBX1 cullin-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes (CRL3). It bridges the RBX1/E2 ubiquitin-conjugating machinery with BTB/POZ-domain substrate-adaptor proteins (such as KEAP1, the KLHL family, KCTD family, SPOP, and RhoBTB proteins), enabling ubiquitination of adaptor-recruited substrates and, in many cases, their proteasome-mediated degradation. CRL3 activity is regulated by reversible neddylation/deneddylation of CUL3 and by the CAND1 and COP9 signalosome exchange machinery. Through its different substrate adaptors, CRL3 acts in the NRF2/KEAP1 oxidative-stress response, WNK-kinase-dependent renal electrolyte and blood-pressure homeostasis, mitotic progression and cytokinesis, cytoskeletal regulation, and many other substrate-specific processes.

Existing Annotations Review

GO Term Evidence Action Reason
GO:0005634 nucleus
IBA
GO_REF:0000033
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 has nuclear localization in some contexts.
Reason: Nuclear localization is plausible for CUL3, but the review treats it as a broad compartment annotation rather than a pathway-specific function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Cytosol/cytoplasm and nucleus (plausible but evidence here is limited):**
GO:0043161 proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
IBA
GO_REF:0000033
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3-containing CRL3 complexes support ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal substrate degradation.
Reason: Proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent catabolism is a canonical proximal output for many CRL3 substrate-adaptor complexes, while non-degradative ubiquitination remains a caveat for some substrates.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Proteasomal targeting is a canonical outcome for many CRLs, and reviews explicitly describe substrate ubiquitination “for proteasomal degradation” as a CRL3 output
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
not all CUL3-dependent ubiquitination is degradative
GO:0160072 ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity
IBA
GO_REF:0000033
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 provides ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity in CRL3 complexes.
Reason: This is the core molecular function of CUL3: it scaffolds RBX1/E2 catalytic machinery and BTB substrate adaptors rather than acting primarily as the catalytic transferase itself.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
CUL3 is the **central scaffold** of CRL3 ubiquitin ligases, bridging (i) a **RING protein (RBX1)** that recruits E2~ubiquitin and (ii) **BTB-domain substrate adaptor/receptor proteins** that recruit specific substrates.
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
evidence best supports a CUL3 annotation consistent with **“ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity”** / **E3 ligase scaffold** rather than “ubiquitin-protein transferase activity” (which is catalytic and typically attributed to the E2/E3 catalytic machinery rather than the scaffold)
GO:0016567 protein ubiquitination
IBA
GO_REF:0000033
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3-containing CRL3 complexes mediate protein ubiquitination.
Reason: Protein ubiquitination is the proximal biological process output of CUL3 scaffold function in CRL3 E3 ligase complexes.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
CUL3 is the **central scaffold** of CRL3 ubiquitin ligases, bridging (i) a **RING protein (RBX1)** that recruits E2~ubiquitin and (ii) **BTB-domain substrate adaptor/receptor proteins** that recruit specific substrates.
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Multiple CRL3 systems demonstrate ubiquitination output; for example, CRL3^KLHL22 assays support ubiquitination activity dependence on CUL3 structural motifs
GO:0031625 ubiquitin protein ligase binding
IBA
GO_REF:0000033
MODIFY
Summary: CUL3 is associated with ubiquitin ligase machinery, but the binding term is less informative than its scaffold activity.
Reason: The evidence supports CUL3 as the scaffold component of CRL3 ligase complexes; ubiquitin protein ligase binding is a lower-information proxy. The CRL3 complex cellular-component annotation should be handled separately rather than used as an MF replacement.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
CUL3 is the **central scaffold** of CRL3 ubiquitin ligases, bridging (i) a **RING protein (RBX1)** that recruits E2~ubiquitin and (ii) **BTB-domain substrate adaptor/receptor proteins** that recruit specific substrates.
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0031463 Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complex
IBA
GO_REF:0000033
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is a core component of Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complexes.
Reason: CRL3 complex membership is a core cellular component annotation for CUL3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
CUL3 is the **central scaffold** of CRL3 ubiquitin ligases, bridging (i) a **RING protein (RBX1)** that recruits E2~ubiquitin and (ii) **BTB-domain substrate adaptor/receptor proteins** that recruit specific substrates.
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
direct structural evidence places CUL3 in CRL3 assemblies containing RBX1 and BTB adaptors
GO:0000209 protein polyubiquitination
IEA
GO_REF:0000117
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3-containing CRL3 complexes can mediate protein polyubiquitination.
Reason: Protein polyubiquitination is a proximal CRL3 output, while substrate-specific downstream effects should be curated separately.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Multiple CRL3 systems demonstrate ubiquitination output; for example, CRL3^KLHL22 assays support ubiquitination activity dependence on CUL3 structural motifs
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Proteasomal targeting is a canonical outcome for many CRLs, and reviews explicitly describe substrate ubiquitination “for proteasomal degradation” as a CRL3 output
GO:0000278 mitotic cell cycle
IEA
GO_REF:0000117
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This automated or broad pathway annotation is downstream of CUL3-adaptor substrate biology rather than a core CUL3 function.
Reason: The Falcon synthesis warns against promoting broad pathway, development, disease, or phenotype terms to core CUL3 annotations without direct mechanistic evidence at the annotated pathway node.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
oxidative stress response, blood pressure/electrolyte phenotypes, neurodevelopmental phenotypes, or cancer-associated phenotypes can be downstream of CUL3-dependent substrate regulation. These should not be treated as core CUL3 BP terms without direct mechanistic evidence that CUL3’s scaffold activity is required in the specific pathway node being annotated.
GO:0000922 spindle pole
IEA
GO_REF:0000044
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: This cytoskeleton/centrosome/spindle localization is likely context-specific for CUL3-adaptor biology.
Reason: Centrosome, spindle, and cytoskeletal annotations may be valid in specific mitotic or adaptor contexts but are not the core CUL3 location.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Membrane/centrosome/cytoskeleton claims require caution:**
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
oxidative stress response, blood pressure/electrolyte phenotypes, neurodevelopmental phenotypes, or cancer-associated phenotypes can be downstream of CUL3-dependent substrate regulation. These should not be treated as core CUL3 BP terms without direct mechanistic evidence that CUL3’s scaffold activity is required in the specific pathway node being annotated.
GO:0005634 nucleus
IEA
GO_REF:0000120
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 has nuclear localization in some contexts.
Reason: Nuclear localization is plausible for CUL3, but the review treats it as a broad compartment annotation rather than a pathway-specific function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Cytosol/cytoplasm and nucleus (plausible but evidence here is limited):**
GO:0005737 cytoplasm
IEA
GO_REF:0000120
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 has cytoplasmic localization in some contexts.
Reason: Cytoplasmic localization is compatible with CUL3 CRL scaffold function and should not be over-interpreted as a specific pathway output.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Cytosol/cytoplasm and nucleus (plausible but evidence here is limited):**
GO:0005794 Golgi apparatus
IEA
GO_REF:0000120
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: A pool of CUL3 localizes to the Golgi in the RhoBTB3-CUL3 adaptor context, so this localization is adaptor-specific rather than a core CUL3 cellular component.
Reason: Direct evidence (PMID:24145166) shows a RhoBTB3/CUL3/RBX1 ligase pool at the Golgi, so the Golgi annotation is retained as non-core and adaptor-specific, consistent with the IDA Golgi annotation for the same term.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:24145166
a pool of CUL3 was detected on the Golgi, as previously shown (Singer et al., 1999), where it colocalizes with RhoBTB3 and GCC185 (Fig. 4 A).
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Membrane/centrosome/cytoskeleton claims require caution:**
GO:0005813 centrosome
IEA
GO_REF:0000044
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: This cytoskeleton/centrosome/spindle localization is likely context-specific for CUL3-adaptor biology.
Reason: Centrosome, spindle, and cytoskeletal annotations may be valid in specific mitotic or adaptor contexts but are not the core CUL3 location.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Membrane/centrosome/cytoskeleton claims require caution:**
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
oxidative stress response, blood pressure/electrolyte phenotypes, neurodevelopmental phenotypes, or cancer-associated phenotypes can be downstream of CUL3-dependent substrate regulation. These should not be treated as core CUL3 BP terms without direct mechanistic evidence that CUL3’s scaffold activity is required in the specific pathway node being annotated.
GO:0005819 spindle
IEA
GO_REF:0000044
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: This cytoskeleton/centrosome/spindle localization is likely context-specific for CUL3-adaptor biology.
Reason: Centrosome, spindle, and cytoskeletal annotations may be valid in specific mitotic or adaptor contexts but are not the core CUL3 location.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Membrane/centrosome/cytoskeleton claims require caution:**
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
oxidative stress response, blood pressure/electrolyte phenotypes, neurodevelopmental phenotypes, or cancer-associated phenotypes can be downstream of CUL3-dependent substrate regulation. These should not be treated as core CUL3 BP terms without direct mechanistic evidence that CUL3’s scaffold activity is required in the specific pathway node being annotated.
GO:0006511 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
IEA
GO_REF:0000002
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3-containing CRL3 complexes support ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal substrate degradation.
Reason: Proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent catabolism is a canonical proximal output for many CRL3 substrate-adaptor complexes, while non-degradative ubiquitination remains a caveat for some substrates.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Proteasomal targeting is a canonical outcome for many CRLs, and reviews explicitly describe substrate ubiquitination “for proteasomal degradation” as a CRL3 output
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
not all CUL3-dependent ubiquitination is degradative
GO:0006915 apoptotic process
IEA
GO_REF:0000117
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This automated or broad pathway annotation is downstream of CUL3-adaptor substrate biology rather than a core CUL3 function.
Reason: The Falcon synthesis warns against promoting broad pathway, development, disease, or phenotype terms to core CUL3 annotations without direct mechanistic evidence at the annotated pathway node.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
oxidative stress response, blood pressure/electrolyte phenotypes, neurodevelopmental phenotypes, or cancer-associated phenotypes can be downstream of CUL3-dependent substrate regulation. These should not be treated as core CUL3 BP terms without direct mechanistic evidence that CUL3’s scaffold activity is required in the specific pathway node being annotated.
GO:0006950 response to stress
IEA
GO_REF:0000117
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This automated or broad pathway annotation is downstream of CUL3-adaptor substrate biology rather than a core CUL3 function.
Reason: The Falcon synthesis warns against promoting broad pathway, development, disease, or phenotype terms to core CUL3 annotations without direct mechanistic evidence at the annotated pathway node.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
oxidative stress response, blood pressure/electrolyte phenotypes, neurodevelopmental phenotypes, or cancer-associated phenotypes can be downstream of CUL3-dependent substrate regulation. These should not be treated as core CUL3 BP terms without direct mechanistic evidence that CUL3’s scaffold activity is required in the specific pathway node being annotated.
GO:0007165 signal transduction
IEA
GO_REF:0000117
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This automated or broad pathway annotation is downstream of CUL3-adaptor substrate biology rather than a core CUL3 function.
Reason: The Falcon synthesis warns against promoting broad pathway, development, disease, or phenotype terms to core CUL3 annotations without direct mechanistic evidence at the annotated pathway node.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
oxidative stress response, blood pressure/electrolyte phenotypes, neurodevelopmental phenotypes, or cancer-associated phenotypes can be downstream of CUL3-dependent substrate regulation. These should not be treated as core CUL3 BP terms without direct mechanistic evidence that CUL3’s scaffold activity is required in the specific pathway node being annotated.
GO:0010468 regulation of gene expression
IEA
GO_REF:0000117
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This automated or broad pathway annotation is downstream of CUL3-adaptor substrate biology rather than a core CUL3 function.
Reason: The Falcon synthesis warns against promoting broad pathway, development, disease, or phenotype terms to core CUL3 annotations without direct mechanistic evidence at the annotated pathway node.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
oxidative stress response, blood pressure/electrolyte phenotypes, neurodevelopmental phenotypes, or cancer-associated phenotypes can be downstream of CUL3-dependent substrate regulation. These should not be treated as core CUL3 BP terms without direct mechanistic evidence that CUL3’s scaffold activity is required in the specific pathway node being annotated.
GO:0031461 cullin-RING ubiquitin ligase complex
IEA
GO_REF:0000120
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is a core component of Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complexes.
Reason: CRL3 complex membership is a core cellular component annotation for CUL3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
CUL3 is the **central scaffold** of CRL3 ubiquitin ligases, bridging (i) a **RING protein (RBX1)** that recruits E2~ubiquitin and (ii) **BTB-domain substrate adaptor/receptor proteins** that recruit specific substrates.
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
direct structural evidence places CUL3 in CRL3 assemblies containing RBX1 and BTB adaptors
GO:0031514 motile cilium
IEA
GO_REF:0000044
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This subcellular-location IEA annotation places CUL3 in the motile cilium, but this is not an established core CUL3 cellular component.
Reason: CUL3 has a role in ciliogenesis through ubiquitin-proteasome control of axoneme extension (PMID:25270598), but a stable motile cilium localization is not supported as a core CUL3 cellular component. The Falcon synthesis cautions that specific organellar/cytoskeletal localizations require source-level confirmation before retention.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Membrane/centrosome/cytoskeleton claims require caution:**
GO:0031625 ubiquitin protein ligase binding
IEA
GO_REF:0000002
MODIFY
Summary: CUL3 is associated with ubiquitin ligase machinery, but the binding term is less informative than its scaffold activity.
Reason: The evidence supports CUL3 as the scaffold component of CRL3 ligase complexes; ubiquitin protein ligase binding is a lower-information proxy. The CRL3 complex cellular-component annotation should be handled separately rather than used as an MF replacement.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
CUL3 is the **central scaffold** of CRL3 ubiquitin ligases, bridging (i) a **RING protein (RBX1)** that recruits E2~ubiquitin and (ii) **BTB-domain substrate adaptor/receptor proteins** that recruit specific substrates.
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0043161 proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
IEA
GO_REF:0000117
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3-containing CRL3 complexes support ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal substrate degradation.
Reason: Proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent catabolism is a canonical proximal output for many CRL3 substrate-adaptor complexes, while non-degradative ubiquitination remains a caveat for some substrates.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Proteasomal targeting is a canonical outcome for many CRLs, and reviews explicitly describe substrate ubiquitination “for proteasomal degradation” as a CRL3 output
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
not all CUL3-dependent ubiquitination is degradative
GO:0098794 postsynapse
IEA
GO_REF:0000108
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: This inter-ontology IEA annotation places CUL3 at the postsynapse, paired with the postsynaptic protein-catabolism process annotation, but it is not a core CUL3 location.
Reason: Postsynaptic localization is an adaptor/substrate-specific context (CRL3 contributes to postsynaptic protein turnover) rather than a core CUL3 cellular component. It may be valid in neuronal contexts but should not be promoted to a core CUL3 location.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
oxidative stress response, blood pressure/electrolyte phenotypes, neurodevelopmental phenotypes, or cancer-associated phenotypes can be downstream of CUL3-dependent substrate regulation. These should not be treated as core CUL3 BP terms without direct mechanistic evidence that CUL3’s scaffold activity is required in the specific pathway node being annotated.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:12609982
TIP120A associates with cullins and modulates ubiquitin liga...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:17543862
A Cul3-based E3 ligase removes Aurora B from mitotic chromos...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:18775313
UBXD7 binds multiple ubiquitin ligases and implicates p97 in...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:18850735
Characterization of the human COP9 signalosome complex using...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:19427028
Cullin3-based polyubiquitination and p62-dependent aggregati...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:19615732
Defining the human deubiquitinating enzyme interaction lands...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:19617556
The human Dcn1-like protein DCNL3 promotes Cul3 neddylation ...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:20389280
The Cullin 3 substrate adaptor KLHL20 mediates DAPK ubiquiti...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:20554658
Kelch-like homologue 9 mutation is associated with an early ...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:20562859
Network organization of the human autophagy system.
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:21145461
Dynamics of cullin-RING ubiquitin ligase network revealed by...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:21577200
Tumor-suppressor role for the SPOP ubiquitin ligase in signa...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:21828050
Ubiquitin ligase activity of Cul3-KLHL7 protein is attenuate...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:21988832
Toward an understanding of the protein interaction network o...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:22466964
NEDD8 links cullin-RING ubiquitin ligase function to the p97...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:22542517
KBTBD13 interacts with Cullin 3 to form a functional ubiquit...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:22632832
Adaptor protein self-assembly drives the control of a cullin...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:22939624
Quantitative analysis of HSP90-client interactions reveals p...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:23563313
CCDC22 deficiency in humans blunts activation of proinflamma...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:23665031
Disease-causing mutations in KLHL3 impair its effect on WNK4...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:25416956
A proteome-scale map of the human interactome network.
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:25502805
A massively parallel pipeline to clone DNA variants and exam...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:25619834
KLHL39 suppresses colon cancer metastasis by blocking KLHL20...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:25684205
CUL3-KBTBD6/KBTBD7 ubiquitin ligase cooperates with GABARAP ...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:26949739
Identification of Human Neuronal Protein Complexes Reveals B...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:27152988
The BTB domains of the potassium channel tetramerization dom...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:30190310
Dimerization quality control ensures neuronal development an...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:31515488
Extensive disruption of protein interactions by genetic vari...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:31652307
Kelch-like protein 5-mediated ubiquitination of lysine 183 p...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:32296183
A reference map of the human binary protein interactome.
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:32814053
Interactome Mapping Provides a Network of Neurodegenerative ...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:33961781
Dual proteome-scale networks reveal cell-specific remodeling...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:34591642
A protein network map of head and neck cancer reveals PIK3CA...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:35512704
Systematic discovery of mutation-directed neo-protein-protei...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:37207277
Using brain cell-type-specific protein interactomes to inter...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:37788672
Cryo-EM structure of the KLHL22 E3 ligase bound to an oligom...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:38225382
Systematic discovery of protein interaction interfaces using...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:40205054
Multimodal cell maps as a foundation for structural and func...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0001822 kidney development
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This automated or broad pathway annotation is downstream of CUL3-adaptor substrate biology rather than a core CUL3 function.
Reason: The Falcon synthesis warns against promoting broad pathway, development, disease, or phenotype terms to core CUL3 annotations without direct mechanistic evidence at the annotated pathway node.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
oxidative stress response, blood pressure/electrolyte phenotypes, neurodevelopmental phenotypes, or cancer-associated phenotypes can be downstream of CUL3-dependent substrate regulation. These should not be treated as core CUL3 BP terms without direct mechanistic evidence that CUL3’s scaffold activity is required in the specific pathway node being annotated.
GO:0006954 inflammatory response
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This automated or broad pathway annotation is downstream of CUL3-adaptor substrate biology rather than a core CUL3 function.
Reason: The Falcon synthesis warns against promoting broad pathway, development, disease, or phenotype terms to core CUL3 annotations without direct mechanistic evidence at the annotated pathway node.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
oxidative stress response, blood pressure/electrolyte phenotypes, neurodevelopmental phenotypes, or cancer-associated phenotypes can be downstream of CUL3-dependent substrate regulation. These should not be treated as core CUL3 BP terms without direct mechanistic evidence that CUL3’s scaffold activity is required in the specific pathway node being annotated.
GO:0007229 integrin-mediated signaling pathway
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This automated or broad pathway annotation is downstream of CUL3-adaptor substrate biology rather than a core CUL3 function.
Reason: The Falcon synthesis warns against promoting broad pathway, development, disease, or phenotype terms to core CUL3 annotations without direct mechanistic evidence at the annotated pathway node.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
oxidative stress response, blood pressure/electrolyte phenotypes, neurodevelopmental phenotypes, or cancer-associated phenotypes can be downstream of CUL3-dependent substrate regulation. These should not be treated as core CUL3 BP terms without direct mechanistic evidence that CUL3’s scaffold activity is required in the specific pathway node being annotated.
GO:0010467 gene expression
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This automated or broad pathway annotation is downstream of CUL3-adaptor substrate biology rather than a core CUL3 function.
Reason: The Falcon synthesis warns against promoting broad pathway, development, disease, or phenotype terms to core CUL3 annotations without direct mechanistic evidence at the annotated pathway node.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
oxidative stress response, blood pressure/electrolyte phenotypes, neurodevelopmental phenotypes, or cancer-associated phenotypes can be downstream of CUL3-dependent substrate regulation. These should not be treated as core CUL3 BP terms without direct mechanistic evidence that CUL3’s scaffold activity is required in the specific pathway node being annotated.
GO:0016567 protein ubiquitination
IEA
GO_REF:0000120
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3-containing CRL3 complexes mediate protein ubiquitination.
Reason: Protein ubiquitination is the proximal biological process output of CUL3 scaffold function in CRL3 E3 ligase complexes.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
CUL3 is the **central scaffold** of CRL3 ubiquitin ligases, bridging (i) a **RING protein (RBX1)** that recruits E2~ubiquitin and (ii) **BTB-domain substrate adaptor/receptor proteins** that recruit specific substrates.
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Multiple CRL3 systems demonstrate ubiquitination output; for example, CRL3^KLHL22 assays support ubiquitination activity dependence on CUL3 structural motifs
GO:0017145 stem cell division
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This automated or broad pathway annotation is downstream of CUL3-adaptor substrate biology rather than a core CUL3 function.
Reason: The Falcon synthesis warns against promoting broad pathway, development, disease, or phenotype terms to core CUL3 annotations without direct mechanistic evidence at the annotated pathway node.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
oxidative stress response, blood pressure/electrolyte phenotypes, neurodevelopmental phenotypes, or cancer-associated phenotypes can be downstream of CUL3-dependent substrate regulation. These should not be treated as core CUL3 BP terms without direct mechanistic evidence that CUL3’s scaffold activity is required in the specific pathway node being annotated.
GO:0030163 protein catabolic process
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
MODIFY
Summary: CUL3 participates in ubiquitin-dependent substrate catabolism rather than generic protein catabolism.
Reason: The more informative process term is ubiquitin-dependent or proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolism.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Proteasomal targeting is a canonical outcome for many CRLs, and reviews explicitly describe substrate ubiquitination “for proteasomal degradation” as a CRL3 output
GO:0030332 cyclin binding
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This ortholog-transferred IEA annotation reflects CRL3-mediated targeting of cyclin E for ubiquitination, but direct cyclin binding by CUL3 itself is not established.
Reason: Cyclin E is a CRL3 substrate (recruited via the RhoBTB3 adaptor at the Golgi; PMID:24145166 and PMID:10500095), but substrate recognition is mediated by the BTB adaptor rather than by direct CUL3 cyclin binding. Annotating CUL3 with cyclin binding over-attributes adaptor/substrate recognition to the scaffold.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:24145166
RhoBTB3 is part of a CUL3–ubiquitin ligase complex on the Golgi that targets Cyclin E.
GO:0040016 embryonic cleavage
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This automated or broad pathway annotation is downstream of CUL3-adaptor substrate biology rather than a core CUL3 function.
Reason: The Falcon synthesis warns against promoting broad pathway, development, disease, or phenotype terms to core CUL3 annotations without direct mechanistic evidence at the annotated pathway node.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
oxidative stress response, blood pressure/electrolyte phenotypes, neurodevelopmental phenotypes, or cancer-associated phenotypes can be downstream of CUL3-dependent substrate regulation. These should not be treated as core CUL3 BP terms without direct mechanistic evidence that CUL3’s scaffold activity is required in the specific pathway node being annotated.
GO:0042802 identical protein binding
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: CUL3 self-association is plausible because CRL3 complexes adopt dimeric (2:2) architectures driven by BTB-adaptor dimerization, but this is a low-information binding term.
Reason: Structural studies show CRL3 complexes assemble as 2:2 dimers (a BTB-adaptor dimer recruiting two CUL3-RBX1 arms), so CUL3 molecules are present within a dimeric complex. However, identical protein binding is a generic term that does not capture the informative scaffold function and is retained only as non-core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
structural/biochemical studies support **2:2 assemblies** (BTB dimer with two CUL3 arms) in CRL3 complexes
GO:0098978 glutamatergic synapse
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This automated or broad pathway annotation is downstream of CUL3-adaptor substrate biology rather than a core CUL3 function.
Reason: The Falcon synthesis warns against promoting broad pathway, development, disease, or phenotype terms to core CUL3 annotations without direct mechanistic evidence at the annotated pathway node.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
oxidative stress response, blood pressure/electrolyte phenotypes, neurodevelopmental phenotypes, or cancer-associated phenotypes can be downstream of CUL3-dependent substrate regulation. These should not be treated as core CUL3 BP terms without direct mechanistic evidence that CUL3’s scaffold activity is required in the specific pathway node being annotated.
GO:0140252 regulation protein catabolic process at postsynapse
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This automated or broad pathway annotation is downstream of CUL3-adaptor substrate biology rather than a core CUL3 function.
Reason: The Falcon synthesis warns against promoting broad pathway, development, disease, or phenotype terms to core CUL3 annotations without direct mechanistic evidence at the annotated pathway node.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
oxidative stress response, blood pressure/electrolyte phenotypes, neurodevelopmental phenotypes, or cancer-associated phenotypes can be downstream of CUL3-dependent substrate regulation. These should not be treated as core CUL3 BP terms without direct mechanistic evidence that CUL3’s scaffold activity is required in the specific pathway node being annotated.
GO:0043161 proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
NAS
PMID:22542517
KBTBD13 interacts with Cullin 3 to form a functional ubiquit...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3-containing CRL3 complexes support ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal substrate degradation.
Reason: Proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent catabolism is a canonical proximal output for many CRL3 substrate-adaptor complexes, while non-degradative ubiquitination remains a caveat for some substrates.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Proteasomal targeting is a canonical outcome for many CRLs, and reviews explicitly describe substrate ubiquitination “for proteasomal degradation” as a CRL3 output
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
not all CUL3-dependent ubiquitination is degradative
GO:0043161 proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
NAS
PMID:22632832
Adaptor protein self-assembly drives the control of a cullin...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3-containing CRL3 complexes support ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal substrate degradation.
Reason: Proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent catabolism is a canonical proximal output for many CRL3 substrate-adaptor complexes, while non-degradative ubiquitination remains a caveat for some substrates.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Proteasomal targeting is a canonical outcome for many CRLs, and reviews explicitly describe substrate ubiquitination “for proteasomal degradation” as a CRL3 output
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
not all CUL3-dependent ubiquitination is degradative
GO:0043161 proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
NAS
PMID:25684205
CUL3-KBTBD6/KBTBD7 ubiquitin ligase cooperates with GABARAP ...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3-containing CRL3 complexes support ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal substrate degradation.
Reason: Proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent catabolism is a canonical proximal output for many CRL3 substrate-adaptor complexes, while non-degradative ubiquitination remains a caveat for some substrates.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Proteasomal targeting is a canonical outcome for many CRLs, and reviews explicitly describe substrate ubiquitination “for proteasomal degradation” as a CRL3 output
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
not all CUL3-dependent ubiquitination is degradative
GO:0043161 proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
NAS
PMID:26399832
Cell-fate determination by ubiquitin-dependent regulation of...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3-containing CRL3 complexes support ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal substrate degradation.
Reason: Proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent catabolism is a canonical proximal output for many CRL3 substrate-adaptor complexes, while non-degradative ubiquitination remains a caveat for some substrates.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Proteasomal targeting is a canonical outcome for many CRLs, and reviews explicitly describe substrate ubiquitination “for proteasomal degradation” as a CRL3 output
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
not all CUL3-dependent ubiquitination is degradative
GO:0043161 proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
IDA
PMID:29249570
Cullin 3-Based Ubiquitin Ligases as Master Regulators of Mam...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3-containing CRL3 complexes support ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal substrate degradation, but this PMID is a review article and the IDA evidence code should be checked.
Reason: Proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent catabolism is a canonical proximal output for many CRL3 substrate-adaptor complexes, while non-degradative ubiquitination remains a caveat for some substrates. PMID:29249570 is a review article, so the process annotation can be retained but the IDA evidence code is suspicious and may represent an evidence-code mismatch with the accompanying NAS row.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Proteasomal targeting is a canonical outcome for many CRLs, and reviews explicitly describe substrate ubiquitination “for proteasomal degradation” as a CRL3 output
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
not all CUL3-dependent ubiquitination is degradative
GO:0043161 proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
NAS
PMID:29249570
Cullin 3-Based Ubiquitin Ligases as Master Regulators of Mam...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3-containing CRL3 complexes support ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal substrate degradation.
Reason: Proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent catabolism is a canonical proximal output for many CRL3 substrate-adaptor complexes, while non-degradative ubiquitination remains a caveat for some substrates.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Proteasomal targeting is a canonical outcome for many CRLs, and reviews explicitly describe substrate ubiquitination “for proteasomal degradation” as a CRL3 output
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
not all CUL3-dependent ubiquitination is degradative
GO:0043161 proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
NAS
PMID:31898230
CRL3s: The BTB-CUL3-RING E3 Ubiquitin Ligases.
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3-containing CRL3 complexes support ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal substrate degradation.
Reason: Proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent catabolism is a canonical proximal output for many CRL3 substrate-adaptor complexes, while non-degradative ubiquitination remains a caveat for some substrates.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Proteasomal targeting is a canonical outcome for many CRLs, and reviews explicitly describe substrate ubiquitination “for proteasomal degradation” as a CRL3 output
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
not all CUL3-dependent ubiquitination is degradative
GO:0043161 proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
NAS
PMID:37628845
The Role of PIK3R1 in Metabolic Function and Insulin Sensiti...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3-containing CRL3 complexes support ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal substrate degradation.
Reason: Proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent catabolism is a canonical proximal output for many CRL3 substrate-adaptor complexes, while non-degradative ubiquitination remains a caveat for some substrates.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Proteasomal targeting is a canonical outcome for many CRLs, and reviews explicitly describe substrate ubiquitination “for proteasomal degradation” as a CRL3 output
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
not all CUL3-dependent ubiquitination is degradative
GO:0043161 proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
IDA
PMID:37788672
Cryo-EM structure of the KLHL22 E3 ligase bound to an oligom...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3-containing CRL3 complexes support ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal substrate degradation.
Reason: Proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent catabolism is a canonical proximal output for many CRL3 substrate-adaptor complexes, while non-degradative ubiquitination remains a caveat for some substrates.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Proteasomal targeting is a canonical outcome for many CRLs, and reviews explicitly describe substrate ubiquitination “for proteasomal degradation” as a CRL3 output
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
not all CUL3-dependent ubiquitination is degradative
GO:0160072 ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity
IDA
PMID:19782033
Cullin mediates degradation of RhoA through evolutionarily c...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 provides ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity in CRL3 complexes.
Reason: This is the core molecular function of CUL3: it scaffolds RBX1/E2 catalytic machinery and BTB substrate adaptors rather than acting primarily as the catalytic transferase itself.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
CUL3 is the **central scaffold** of CRL3 ubiquitin ligases, bridging (i) a **RING protein (RBX1)** that recruits E2~ubiquitin and (ii) **BTB-domain substrate adaptor/receptor proteins** that recruit specific substrates.
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
evidence best supports a CUL3 annotation consistent with **“ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity”** / **E3 ligase scaffold** rather than “ubiquitin-protein transferase activity” (which is catalytic and typically attributed to the E2/E3 catalytic machinery rather than the scaffold)
GO:0005654 nucleoplasm
IDA
GO_REF:0000052
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 has nucleoplasmic/nuclear localization in some contexts.
Reason: Nucleoplasmic localization is treated as a cautious cellular component annotation for CUL3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Cytosol/cytoplasm and nucleus (plausible but evidence here is limited):**
GO:0015630 microtubule cytoskeleton
IDA
GO_REF:0000052
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: This cytoskeleton/centrosome/spindle localization is likely context-specific for CUL3-adaptor biology.
Reason: Centrosome, spindle, and cytoskeletal annotations may be valid in specific mitotic or adaptor contexts but are not the core CUL3 location.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Membrane/centrosome/cytoskeleton claims require caution:**
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
oxidative stress response, blood pressure/electrolyte phenotypes, neurodevelopmental phenotypes, or cancer-associated phenotypes can be downstream of CUL3-dependent substrate regulation. These should not be treated as core CUL3 BP terms without direct mechanistic evidence that CUL3’s scaffold activity is required in the specific pathway node being annotated.
GO:0005794 Golgi apparatus
IDA
PMID:24145166
Golgi-associated RhoBTB3 targets cyclin E for ubiquitylation...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Direct evidence places a RhoBTB3-CUL3 ubiquitin ligase pool at the Golgi, but this is adaptor-specific rather than a core CUL3 location.
Reason: PMID:24145166 supports a Golgi-localized RhoBTB3/CUL3/RBX1 complex involved in Cyclin E regulation. Retain the direct IDA annotation as non-core and adaptor-specific rather than treating Golgi localization as a general CUL3 cellular component.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:24145166
RhoBTB3 is part of a CUL3–ubiquitin ligase complex on the Golgi that targets Cyclin E.
PMID:24145166
a pool of CUL3 was detected on the Golgi, as previously shown (Singer et al., 1999), where it colocalizes with RhoBTB3 and GCC185 (Fig. 4 A).
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Cytosol/cytoplasm and nucleus (plausible but evidence here is limited):**
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Membrane/centrosome/cytoskeleton claims require caution:**
GO:0043161 proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
IDA
PMID:29769719
KLHL22 activates amino-acid-dependent mTORC1 signalling to p...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3-containing CRL3 complexes support ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal substrate degradation.
Reason: Proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent catabolism is a canonical proximal output for many CRL3 substrate-adaptor complexes, while non-degradative ubiquitination remains a caveat for some substrates.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Proteasomal targeting is a canonical outcome for many CRLs, and reviews explicitly describe substrate ubiquitination “for proteasomal degradation” as a CRL3 output
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
not all CUL3-dependent ubiquitination is degradative
GO:0160072 ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity
IDA
PMID:15601839
BTB protein Keap1 targets antioxidant transcription factor N...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 provides ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity in CRL3 complexes.
Reason: This is the core molecular function of CUL3: it scaffolds RBX1/E2 catalytic machinery and BTB substrate adaptors rather than acting primarily as the catalytic transferase itself.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
CUL3 is the **central scaffold** of CRL3 ubiquitin ligases, bridging (i) a **RING protein (RBX1)** that recruits E2~ubiquitin and (ii) **BTB-domain substrate adaptor/receptor proteins** that recruit specific substrates.
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
evidence best supports a CUL3 annotation consistent with **“ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity”** / **E3 ligase scaffold** rather than “ubiquitin-protein transferase activity” (which is catalytic and typically attributed to the E2/E3 catalytic machinery rather than the scaffold)
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:15107402
RhoBTB2 is a substrate of the mammalian Cul3 ubiquitin ligas...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0160072 ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity
IDA
PMID:23453970
Impaired KLHL3-mediated ubiquitination of WNK4 causes human ...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 provides ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity in CRL3 complexes.
Reason: This is the core molecular function of CUL3: it scaffolds RBX1/E2 catalytic machinery and BTB substrate adaptors rather than acting primarily as the catalytic transferase itself.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
CUL3 is the **central scaffold** of CRL3 ubiquitin ligases, bridging (i) a **RING protein (RBX1)** that recruits E2~ubiquitin and (ii) **BTB-domain substrate adaptor/receptor proteins** that recruit specific substrates.
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
evidence best supports a CUL3 annotation consistent with **“ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity”** / **E3 ligase scaffold** rather than “ubiquitin-protein transferase activity” (which is catalytic and typically attributed to the E2/E3 catalytic machinery rather than the scaffold)
GO:0031463 Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complex
IDA
PMID:35862218
ARMC5-CUL3 E3 ligase targets full-length SREBF in adrenocort...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is a core component of Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complexes.
Reason: CRL3 complex membership is a core cellular component annotation for CUL3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
CUL3 is the **central scaffold** of CRL3 ubiquitin ligases, bridging (i) a **RING protein (RBX1)** that recruits E2~ubiquitin and (ii) **BTB-domain substrate adaptor/receptor proteins** that recruit specific substrates.
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
direct structural evidence places CUL3 in CRL3 assemblies containing RBX1 and BTB adaptors
GO:0031463 Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complex
IDA
PMID:35687106
ARMC5 is part of an RPB1-specific ubiquitin ligase implicate...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is a core component of Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complexes.
Reason: CRL3 complex membership is a core cellular component annotation for CUL3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
CUL3 is the **central scaffold** of CRL3 ubiquitin ligases, bridging (i) a **RING protein (RBX1)** that recruits E2~ubiquitin and (ii) **BTB-domain substrate adaptor/receptor proteins** that recruit specific substrates.
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
direct structural evidence places CUL3 in CRL3 assemblies containing RBX1 and BTB adaptors
GO:0031463 Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complex
IDA
PMID:38225631
ARMC5 controls the degradation of most Pol II subunits, and ...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is a core component of Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complexes.
Reason: CRL3 complex membership is a core cellular component annotation for CUL3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
CUL3 is the **central scaffold** of CRL3 ubiquitin ligases, bridging (i) a **RING protein (RBX1)** that recruits E2~ubiquitin and (ii) **BTB-domain substrate adaptor/receptor proteins** that recruit specific substrates.
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
direct structural evidence places CUL3 in CRL3 assemblies containing RBX1 and BTB adaptors
GO:0031463 Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complex
IDA
PMID:39504960
Redundant pathways for removal of defective RNA polymerase I...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is a core component of Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complexes.
Reason: CRL3 complex membership is a core cellular component annotation for CUL3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
CUL3 is the **central scaffold** of CRL3 ubiquitin ligases, bridging (i) a **RING protein (RBX1)** that recruits E2~ubiquitin and (ii) **BTB-domain substrate adaptor/receptor proteins** that recruit specific substrates.
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
direct structural evidence places CUL3 in CRL3 assemblies containing RBX1 and BTB adaptors
GO:0031463 Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complex
IDA
PMID:39667934
CRL3(ARMC5) ubiquitin ligase and Integrator phosphatase form...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is a core component of Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complexes.
Reason: CRL3 complex membership is a core cellular component annotation for CUL3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
CUL3 is the **central scaffold** of CRL3 ubiquitin ligases, bridging (i) a **RING protein (RBX1)** that recruits E2~ubiquitin and (ii) **BTB-domain substrate adaptor/receptor proteins** that recruit specific substrates.
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
direct structural evidence places CUL3 in CRL3 assemblies containing RBX1 and BTB adaptors
GO:0043161 proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
IDA
PMID:35687106
ARMC5 is part of an RPB1-specific ubiquitin ligase implicate...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3-containing CRL3 complexes support ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal substrate degradation.
Reason: Proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent catabolism is a canonical proximal output for many CRL3 substrate-adaptor complexes, while non-degradative ubiquitination remains a caveat for some substrates.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Proteasomal targeting is a canonical outcome for many CRLs, and reviews explicitly describe substrate ubiquitination “for proteasomal degradation” as a CRL3 output
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
not all CUL3-dependent ubiquitination is degradative
GO:0043161 proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
IDA
PMID:38225631
ARMC5 controls the degradation of most Pol II subunits, and ...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3-containing CRL3 complexes support ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal substrate degradation.
Reason: Proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent catabolism is a canonical proximal output for many CRL3 substrate-adaptor complexes, while non-degradative ubiquitination remains a caveat for some substrates.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Proteasomal targeting is a canonical outcome for many CRLs, and reviews explicitly describe substrate ubiquitination “for proteasomal degradation” as a CRL3 output
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
not all CUL3-dependent ubiquitination is degradative
GO:0043161 proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
IDA
PMID:39504960
Redundant pathways for removal of defective RNA polymerase I...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3-containing CRL3 complexes support ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal substrate degradation.
Reason: Proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent catabolism is a canonical proximal output for many CRL3 substrate-adaptor complexes, while non-degradative ubiquitination remains a caveat for some substrates.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Proteasomal targeting is a canonical outcome for many CRLs, and reviews explicitly describe substrate ubiquitination “for proteasomal degradation” as a CRL3 output
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
not all CUL3-dependent ubiquitination is degradative
GO:0043161 proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
IDA
PMID:39667934
CRL3(ARMC5) ubiquitin ligase and Integrator phosphatase form...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3-containing CRL3 complexes support ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal substrate degradation.
Reason: Proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent catabolism is a canonical proximal output for many CRL3 substrate-adaptor complexes, while non-degradative ubiquitination remains a caveat for some substrates.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Proteasomal targeting is a canonical outcome for many CRLs, and reviews explicitly describe substrate ubiquitination “for proteasomal degradation” as a CRL3 output
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
not all CUL3-dependent ubiquitination is degradative
GO:0034599 cellular response to oxidative stress
IDA
PMID:15601839
BTB protein Keap1 targets antioxidant transcription factor N...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: This is a substrate-, adaptor-, or phenotype-specific downstream process for CUL3.
Reason: The process can be retained as non-core where source evidence supports a specific CUL3-adaptor substrate context, but the core CUL3 function remains CRL3 scaffold-mediated ubiquitination.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
oxidative stress response, blood pressure/electrolyte phenotypes, neurodevelopmental phenotypes, or cancer-associated phenotypes can be downstream of CUL3-dependent substrate regulation. These should not be treated as core CUL3 BP terms without direct mechanistic evidence that CUL3’s scaffold activity is required in the specific pathway node being annotated.
GO:0043161 proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
IDA
PMID:15601839
BTB protein Keap1 targets antioxidant transcription factor N...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3-containing CRL3 complexes support ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal substrate degradation.
Reason: Proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent catabolism is a canonical proximal output for many CRL3 substrate-adaptor complexes, while non-degradative ubiquitination remains a caveat for some substrates.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Proteasomal targeting is a canonical outcome for many CRLs, and reviews explicitly describe substrate ubiquitination “for proteasomal degradation” as a CRL3 output
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
not all CUL3-dependent ubiquitination is degradative
GO:0071230 cellular response to amino acid stimulus
IDA
PMID:29769719
KLHL22 activates amino-acid-dependent mTORC1 signalling to p...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: This is a substrate-, adaptor-, or phenotype-specific downstream process for CUL3.
Reason: The process can be retained as non-core where source evidence supports a specific CUL3-adaptor substrate context, but the core CUL3 function remains CRL3 scaffold-mediated ubiquitination.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
oxidative stress response, blood pressure/electrolyte phenotypes, neurodevelopmental phenotypes, or cancer-associated phenotypes can be downstream of CUL3-dependent substrate regulation. These should not be treated as core CUL3 BP terms without direct mechanistic evidence that CUL3’s scaffold activity is required in the specific pathway node being annotated.
GO:0160072 ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity
IDA
PMID:29769719
KLHL22 activates amino-acid-dependent mTORC1 signalling to p...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 provides ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity in CRL3 complexes.
Reason: This is the core molecular function of CUL3: it scaffolds RBX1/E2 catalytic machinery and BTB substrate adaptors rather than acting primarily as the catalytic transferase itself.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
CUL3 is the **central scaffold** of CRL3 ubiquitin ligases, bridging (i) a **RING protein (RBX1)** that recruits E2~ubiquitin and (ii) **BTB-domain substrate adaptor/receptor proteins** that recruit specific substrates.
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
evidence best supports a CUL3 annotation consistent with **“ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity”** / **E3 ligase scaffold** rather than “ubiquitin-protein transferase activity” (which is catalytic and typically attributed to the E2/E3 catalytic machinery rather than the scaffold)
GO:1904263 positive regulation of TORC1 signaling
IDA
PMID:29769719
KLHL22 activates amino-acid-dependent mTORC1 signalling to p...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: This is a substrate-, adaptor-, or phenotype-specific downstream process for CUL3.
Reason: The process can be retained as non-core where source evidence supports a specific CUL3-adaptor substrate context, but the core CUL3 function remains CRL3 scaffold-mediated ubiquitination.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
oxidative stress response, blood pressure/electrolyte phenotypes, neurodevelopmental phenotypes, or cancer-associated phenotypes can be downstream of CUL3-dependent substrate regulation. These should not be treated as core CUL3 BP terms without direct mechanistic evidence that CUL3’s scaffold activity is required in the specific pathway node being annotated.
GO:0043161 proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
IDA
PMID:23453970
Impaired KLHL3-mediated ubiquitination of WNK4 causes human ...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3-containing CRL3 complexes support ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal substrate degradation.
Reason: Proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent catabolism is a canonical proximal output for many CRL3 substrate-adaptor complexes, while non-degradative ubiquitination remains a caveat for some substrates.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Proteasomal targeting is a canonical outcome for many CRLs, and reviews explicitly describe substrate ubiquitination “for proteasomal degradation” as a CRL3 output
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
not all CUL3-dependent ubiquitination is degradative
GO:0005737 cytoplasm
IDA
PMID:27708159
Insulin resistance and diabetes caused by genetic or diet-in...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 has cytoplasmic localization in some contexts.
Reason: Cytoplasmic localization is compatible with CUL3 CRL scaffold function and should not be over-interpreted as a specific pathway output.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Cytosol/cytoplasm and nucleus (plausible but evidence here is limited):**
GO:0070936 protein K48-linked ubiquitination
IDA
PMID:27708159
Insulin resistance and diabetes caused by genetic or diet-in...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 complexes can mediate K48-linked ubiquitination in specific substrate contexts.
Reason: K48-linked ubiquitination is a supported CRL3 output when the source evidence demonstrates degradative ubiquitination.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Proteasomal targeting is a canonical outcome for many CRLs, and reviews explicitly describe substrate ubiquitination “for proteasomal degradation” as a CRL3 output
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
not all CUL3-dependent ubiquitination is degradative
GO:0160072 ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity
IDA
PMID:27708159
Insulin resistance and diabetes caused by genetic or diet-in...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 provides ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity in CRL3 complexes.
Reason: This is the core molecular function of CUL3: it scaffolds RBX1/E2 catalytic machinery and BTB substrate adaptors rather than acting primarily as the catalytic transferase itself.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
CUL3 is the **central scaffold** of CRL3 ubiquitin ligases, bridging (i) a **RING protein (RBX1)** that recruits E2~ubiquitin and (ii) **BTB-domain substrate adaptor/receptor proteins** that recruit specific substrates.
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
evidence best supports a CUL3 annotation consistent with **“ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity”** / **E3 ligase scaffold** rather than “ubiquitin-protein transferase activity” (which is catalytic and typically attributed to the E2/E3 catalytic machinery rather than the scaffold)
GO:1900076 regulation of cellular response to insulin stimulus
IDA
PMID:27708159
Insulin resistance and diabetes caused by genetic or diet-in...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: This is a substrate-, adaptor-, or phenotype-specific downstream process for CUL3.
Reason: The process can be retained as non-core where source evidence supports a specific CUL3-adaptor substrate context, but the core CUL3 function remains CRL3 scaffold-mediated ubiquitination.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
oxidative stress response, blood pressure/electrolyte phenotypes, neurodevelopmental phenotypes, or cancer-associated phenotypes can be downstream of CUL3-dependent substrate regulation. These should not be treated as core CUL3 BP terms without direct mechanistic evidence that CUL3’s scaffold activity is required in the specific pathway node being annotated.
GO:0032480 negative regulation of type I interferon production
IDA
PMID:36394357
XAF1 prevents hyperproduction of type I interferon upon vira...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: This is a substrate-, adaptor-, or phenotype-specific downstream process for CUL3.
Reason: The process can be retained as non-core where source evidence supports a specific CUL3-adaptor substrate context, but the core CUL3 function remains CRL3 scaffold-mediated ubiquitination.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
oxidative stress response, blood pressure/electrolyte phenotypes, neurodevelopmental phenotypes, or cancer-associated phenotypes can be downstream of CUL3-dependent substrate regulation. These should not be treated as core CUL3 BP terms without direct mechanistic evidence that CUL3’s scaffold activity is required in the specific pathway node being annotated.
GO:0160072 ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity
IDA
PMID:36394357
XAF1 prevents hyperproduction of type I interferon upon vira...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 provides ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity in CRL3 complexes.
Reason: This is the core molecular function of CUL3: it scaffolds RBX1/E2 catalytic machinery and BTB substrate adaptors rather than acting primarily as the catalytic transferase itself.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
CUL3 is the **central scaffold** of CRL3 ubiquitin ligases, bridging (i) a **RING protein (RBX1)** that recruits E2~ubiquitin and (ii) **BTB-domain substrate adaptor/receptor proteins** that recruit specific substrates.
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
evidence best supports a CUL3 annotation consistent with **“ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity”** / **E3 ligase scaffold** rather than “ubiquitin-protein transferase activity” (which is catalytic and typically attributed to the E2/E3 catalytic machinery rather than the scaffold)
GO:0043161 proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
IMP
PMID:25684205
CUL3-KBTBD6/KBTBD7 ubiquitin ligase cooperates with GABARAP ...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3-containing CRL3 complexes support ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal substrate degradation.
Reason: Proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent catabolism is a canonical proximal output for many CRL3 substrate-adaptor complexes, while non-degradative ubiquitination remains a caveat for some substrates.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Proteasomal targeting is a canonical outcome for many CRLs, and reviews explicitly describe substrate ubiquitination “for proteasomal degradation” as a CRL3 output
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
not all CUL3-dependent ubiquitination is degradative
GO:0070936 protein K48-linked ubiquitination
IDA
PMID:25684205
CUL3-KBTBD6/KBTBD7 ubiquitin ligase cooperates with GABARAP ...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 complexes can mediate K48-linked ubiquitination in specific substrate contexts.
Reason: K48-linked ubiquitination is a supported CRL3 output when the source evidence demonstrates degradative ubiquitination.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Proteasomal targeting is a canonical outcome for many CRLs, and reviews explicitly describe substrate ubiquitination “for proteasomal degradation” as a CRL3 output
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
not all CUL3-dependent ubiquitination is degradative
GO:0031463 Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complex
IDA
PMID:25684205
CUL3-KBTBD6/KBTBD7 ubiquitin ligase cooperates with GABARAP ...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is a core component of Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complexes.
Reason: CRL3 complex membership is a core cellular component annotation for CUL3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
CUL3 is the **central scaffold** of CRL3 ubiquitin ligases, bridging (i) a **RING protein (RBX1)** that recruits E2~ubiquitin and (ii) **BTB-domain substrate adaptor/receptor proteins** that recruit specific substrates.
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
direct structural evidence places CUL3 in CRL3 assemblies containing RBX1 and BTB adaptors
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:28169274
Armc5 deletion causes developmental defects and compromises ...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0005886 plasma membrane
IDA
PMID:19617556
The human Dcn1-like protein DCNL3 promotes Cul3 neddylation ...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This localization is not established as a core CUL3 cellular component in this review.
Reason: The synthesis supports CRL3 complex membership with cautious cytoplasm/nucleus localization; membrane, Golgi, exosome, sperm flagellum, or other specific locations require source-level confirmation before retention.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Cytosol/cytoplasm and nucleus (plausible but evidence here is limited):**
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Membrane/centrosome/cytoskeleton claims require caution:**
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:26906416
Characterization of the mammalian family of DCN-type NEDD8 E...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:24192928
Oncogenic function of SCCRO5/DCUN1D5 requires its Neddylatio...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0000209 protein polyubiquitination
IDA
PMID:14528312
Targeting of protein ubiquitination by BTB-Cullin 3-Roc1 ubi...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3-containing CRL3 complexes can mediate protein polyubiquitination.
Reason: Protein polyubiquitination is a proximal CRL3 output, while substrate-specific downstream effects should be curated separately.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Multiple CRL3 systems demonstrate ubiquitination output; for example, CRL3^KLHL22 assays support ubiquitination activity dependence on CUL3 structural motifs
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Proteasomal targeting is a canonical outcome for many CRLs, and reviews explicitly describe substrate ubiquitination “for proteasomal degradation” as a CRL3 output
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:14528312
Targeting of protein ubiquitination by BTB-Cullin 3-Roc1 ubi...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0031463 Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complex
IDA
PMID:14528312
Targeting of protein ubiquitination by BTB-Cullin 3-Roc1 ubi...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is a core component of Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complexes.
Reason: CRL3 complex membership is a core cellular component annotation for CUL3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
CUL3 is the **central scaffold** of CRL3 ubiquitin ligases, bridging (i) a **RING protein (RBX1)** that recruits E2~ubiquitin and (ii) **BTB-domain substrate adaptor/receptor proteins** that recruit specific substrates.
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
direct structural evidence places CUL3 in CRL3 assemblies containing RBX1 and BTB adaptors
GO:0031625 ubiquitin protein ligase binding
IPI
PMID:14528312
Targeting of protein ubiquitination by BTB-Cullin 3-Roc1 ubi...
MODIFY
Summary: CUL3 is associated with ubiquitin ligase machinery, but the binding term is less informative than its scaffold activity.
Reason: The evidence supports CUL3 as the scaffold component of CRL3 ligase complexes; ubiquitin protein ligase binding is a lower-information proxy. The CRL3 complex cellular-component annotation should be handled separately rather than used as an MF replacement.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
CUL3 is the **central scaffold** of CRL3 ubiquitin ligases, bridging (i) a **RING protein (RBX1)** that recruits E2~ubiquitin and (ii) **BTB-domain substrate adaptor/receptor proteins** that recruit specific substrates.
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0051865 protein autoubiquitination
IDA
PMID:14528312
Targeting of protein ubiquitination by BTB-Cullin 3-Roc1 ubi...
UNDECIDED
Summary: The source supports Cul3-dependent ubiquitination by assembled BTB-Cul3-Roc1 ligases, but it is unclear whether this row represents CUL3 autoubiquitination specifically.
Reason: CUL3 is the scaffold in the tested ligase assemblies, while ubiquitin transfer is mediated by the assembled E3 complex. Source-level review is needed before retaining protein autoubiquitination as a direct CUL3 process annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:14528312
Here, we show that Cul3, but not other cullins, binds directly to multiple BTB domains through a conserved amino-terminal domain.
PMID:14528312
In vitro, Cul3 promoted ubiquitination of Caenorhabditis elegans MEI-1, a katanin-like protein whose degradation requires the function of both Cul3 and BTB protein MEL-26.
GO:0061630 ubiquitin protein ligase activity
IDA
PMID:14528312
Targeting of protein ubiquitination by BTB-Cullin 3-Roc1 ubi...
MODIFY
Summary: The ubiquitin ligase activity belongs to the assembled CRL3 complex; CUL3 itself is best represented as the scaffold.
Reason: For CUL3, ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity is the more accurate molecular function than a catalytic ubiquitin-protein transferase term.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
evidence best supports a CUL3 annotation consistent with **“ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity”** / **E3 ligase scaffold** rather than “ubiquitin-protein transferase activity” (which is catalytic and typically attributed to the E2/E3 catalytic machinery rather than the scaffold)
GO:0031208 POZ domain binding
IDA
PMID:14528312
Targeting of protein ubiquitination by BTB-Cullin 3-Roc1 ubi...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 binds BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors in CRL3 complexes.
Reason: POZ/BTB-domain adaptor binding is part of the core CRL3 scaffold architecture.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
CUL3 is the **central scaffold** of CRL3 ubiquitin ligases, bridging (i) a **RING protein (RBX1)** that recruits E2~ubiquitin and (ii) **BTB-domain substrate adaptor/receptor proteins** that recruit specific substrates.
GO:0000922 spindle pole
IDA
PMID:23213400
The CUL3-KLHL18 ligase regulates mitotic entry and ubiquityl...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: This cytoskeleton/centrosome/spindle localization is likely context-specific for CUL3-adaptor biology.
Reason: Centrosome, spindle, and cytoskeletal annotations may be valid in specific mitotic or adaptor contexts but are not the core CUL3 location.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Membrane/centrosome/cytoskeleton claims require caution:**
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
oxidative stress response, blood pressure/electrolyte phenotypes, neurodevelopmental phenotypes, or cancer-associated phenotypes can be downstream of CUL3-dependent substrate regulation. These should not be treated as core CUL3 BP terms without direct mechanistic evidence that CUL3’s scaffold activity is required in the specific pathway node being annotated.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:23213400
The CUL3-KLHL18 ligase regulates mitotic entry and ubiquityl...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0005634 nucleus
IDA
PMID:23213400
The CUL3-KLHL18 ligase regulates mitotic entry and ubiquityl...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 has nuclear localization in some contexts.
Reason: Nuclear localization is plausible for CUL3, but the review treats it as a broad compartment annotation rather than a pathway-specific function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Cytosol/cytoplasm and nucleus (plausible but evidence here is limited):**
GO:0005813 centrosome
IDA
PMID:23213400
The CUL3-KLHL18 ligase regulates mitotic entry and ubiquityl...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: This cytoskeleton/centrosome/spindle localization is likely context-specific for CUL3-adaptor biology.
Reason: Centrosome, spindle, and cytoskeletal annotations may be valid in specific mitotic or adaptor contexts but are not the core CUL3 location.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Membrane/centrosome/cytoskeleton claims require caution:**
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
oxidative stress response, blood pressure/electrolyte phenotypes, neurodevelopmental phenotypes, or cancer-associated phenotypes can be downstream of CUL3-dependent substrate regulation. These should not be treated as core CUL3 BP terms without direct mechanistic evidence that CUL3’s scaffold activity is required in the specific pathway node being annotated.
GO:0016567 protein ubiquitination
IDA
PMID:23213400
The CUL3-KLHL18 ligase regulates mitotic entry and ubiquityl...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3-containing CRL3 complexes mediate protein ubiquitination.
Reason: Protein ubiquitination is the proximal biological process output of CUL3 scaffold function in CRL3 E3 ligase complexes.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
CUL3 is the **central scaffold** of CRL3 ubiquitin ligases, bridging (i) a **RING protein (RBX1)** that recruits E2~ubiquitin and (ii) **BTB-domain substrate adaptor/receptor proteins** that recruit specific substrates.
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Multiple CRL3 systems demonstrate ubiquitination output; for example, CRL3^KLHL22 assays support ubiquitination activity dependence on CUL3 structural motifs
GO:0072686 mitotic spindle
IDA
PMID:23213400
The CUL3-KLHL18 ligase regulates mitotic entry and ubiquityl...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: This cytoskeleton/centrosome/spindle localization is likely context-specific for CUL3-adaptor biology.
Reason: Centrosome, spindle, and cytoskeletal annotations may be valid in specific mitotic or adaptor contexts but are not the core CUL3 location.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Membrane/centrosome/cytoskeleton claims require caution:**
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
oxidative stress response, blood pressure/electrolyte phenotypes, neurodevelopmental phenotypes, or cancer-associated phenotypes can be downstream of CUL3-dependent substrate regulation. These should not be treated as core CUL3 BP terms without direct mechanistic evidence that CUL3’s scaffold activity is required in the specific pathway node being annotated.
GO:1901992 positive regulation of mitotic cell cycle phase transition
IMP
PMID:23213400
The CUL3-KLHL18 ligase regulates mitotic entry and ubiquityl...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: This is a substrate-, adaptor-, or phenotype-specific downstream process for CUL3.
Reason: The process can be retained as non-core where source evidence supports a specific CUL3-adaptor substrate context, but the core CUL3 function remains CRL3 scaffold-mediated ubiquitination.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
oxidative stress response, blood pressure/electrolyte phenotypes, neurodevelopmental phenotypes, or cancer-associated phenotypes can be downstream of CUL3-dependent substrate regulation. These should not be treated as core CUL3 BP terms without direct mechanistic evidence that CUL3’s scaffold activity is required in the specific pathway node being annotated.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:29276004
Missense Variants in RHOBTB2 Cause a Developmental and Epile...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0005737 cytoplasm
IDA
PMID:28395323
Defining the human sperm microtubulome: an integrated genomi...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 has cytoplasmic localization in some contexts.
Reason: Cytoplasmic localization is compatible with CUL3 CRL scaffold function and should not be over-interpreted as a specific pathway output.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Cytosol/cytoplasm and nucleus (plausible but evidence here is limited):**
GO:0036126 sperm flagellum
IDA
PMID:28395323
Defining the human sperm microtubulome: an integrated genomi...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This localization is not established as a core CUL3 cellular component in this review.
Reason: The synthesis supports CRL3 complex membership with cautious cytoplasm/nucleus localization; membrane, Golgi, exosome, sperm flagellum, or other specific locations require source-level confirmation before retention.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Cytosol/cytoplasm and nucleus (plausible but evidence here is limited):**
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Membrane/centrosome/cytoskeleton claims require caution:**
GO:0031398 positive regulation of protein ubiquitination
IGI
PMID:24844779
Hypoxia-responsive microRNA-101 promotes angiogenesis via he...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: This is a substrate-, adaptor-, or phenotype-specific downstream process for CUL3.
Reason: The process can be retained as non-core where source evidence supports a specific CUL3-adaptor substrate context, but the core CUL3 function remains CRL3 scaffold-mediated ubiquitination.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
oxidative stress response, blood pressure/electrolyte phenotypes, neurodevelopmental phenotypes, or cancer-associated phenotypes can be downstream of CUL3-dependent substrate regulation. These should not be treated as core CUL3 BP terms without direct mechanistic evidence that CUL3’s scaffold activity is required in the specific pathway node being annotated.
GO:0031648 protein destabilization
IGI
PMID:24844779
Hypoxia-responsive microRNA-101 promotes angiogenesis via he...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: This is a substrate-, adaptor-, or phenotype-specific downstream process for CUL3.
Reason: The process can be retained as non-core where source evidence supports a specific CUL3-adaptor substrate context, but the core CUL3 function remains CRL3 scaffold-mediated ubiquitination.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
oxidative stress response, blood pressure/electrolyte phenotypes, neurodevelopmental phenotypes, or cancer-associated phenotypes can be downstream of CUL3-dependent substrate regulation. These should not be treated as core CUL3 BP terms without direct mechanistic evidence that CUL3’s scaffold activity is required in the specific pathway node being annotated.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:22748208
A homozygous mutation in KCTD7 links neuronal ceroid lipofus...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:23776465
Myeloma overexpressed 2 (Myeov2) regulates L11 subnuclear lo...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0031463 Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complex
IDA
PMID:26399832
Cell-fate determination by ubiquitin-dependent regulation of...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is a core component of Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complexes.
Reason: CRL3 complex membership is a core cellular component annotation for CUL3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
CUL3 is the **central scaffold** of CRL3 ubiquitin ligases, bridging (i) a **RING protein (RBX1)** that recruits E2~ubiquitin and (ii) **BTB-domain substrate adaptor/receptor proteins** that recruit specific substrates.
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
direct structural evidence places CUL3 in CRL3 assemblies containing RBX1 and BTB adaptors
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-8932327
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 can be represented in cytosolic CRL3 pathway contexts.
Reason: Cytosolic localization is compatible with CUL3 scaffold biology, although repetitive Reactome cytosol rows are left mostly pending for source-level review.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Cytosol/cytoplasm and nucleus (plausible but evidence here is limited):**
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-8952631
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is represented as cytosolic in Reactome CRL3 pathway reactions.
Reason: Cytosolic localization is compatible with CUL3 CRL3 scaffold function; this is a broad-compartment cellular component annotation consistent with the other accepted cytosol/cytoplasm rows for CUL3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Cytosol/cytoplasm and nucleus (plausible but evidence here is limited):**
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-8956040
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is represented as cytosolic in Reactome CRL3 pathway reactions.
Reason: Cytosolic localization is compatible with CUL3 CRL3 scaffold function; this is a broad-compartment cellular component annotation consistent with the other accepted cytosol/cytoplasm rows for CUL3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Cytosol/cytoplasm and nucleus (plausible but evidence here is limited):**
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-9712274
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is represented as cytosolic in Reactome CRL3 pathway reactions.
Reason: Cytosolic localization is compatible with CUL3 CRL3 scaffold function; this is a broad-compartment cellular component annotation consistent with the other accepted cytosol/cytoplasm rows for CUL3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Cytosol/cytoplasm and nucleus (plausible but evidence here is limited):**
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-9755505
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is represented as cytosolic in Reactome CRL3 pathway reactions.
Reason: Cytosolic localization is compatible with CUL3 CRL3 scaffold function; this is a broad-compartment cellular component annotation consistent with the other accepted cytosol/cytoplasm rows for CUL3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Cytosol/cytoplasm and nucleus (plausible but evidence here is limited):**
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-9755507
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is represented as cytosolic in Reactome CRL3 pathway reactions.
Reason: Cytosolic localization is compatible with CUL3 CRL3 scaffold function; this is a broad-compartment cellular component annotation consistent with the other accepted cytosol/cytoplasm rows for CUL3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Cytosol/cytoplasm and nucleus (plausible but evidence here is limited):**
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-9758090
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is represented as cytosolic in Reactome CRL3 pathway reactions.
Reason: Cytosolic localization is compatible with CUL3 CRL3 scaffold function; this is a broad-compartment cellular component annotation consistent with the other accepted cytosol/cytoplasm rows for CUL3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Cytosol/cytoplasm and nucleus (plausible but evidence here is limited):**
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-9759169
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is represented as cytosolic in Reactome CRL3 pathway reactions.
Reason: Cytosolic localization is compatible with CUL3 CRL3 scaffold function; this is a broad-compartment cellular component annotation consistent with the other accepted cytosol/cytoplasm rows for CUL3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Cytosol/cytoplasm and nucleus (plausible but evidence here is limited):**
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-9759172
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is represented as cytosolic in Reactome CRL3 pathway reactions.
Reason: Cytosolic localization is compatible with CUL3 CRL3 scaffold function; this is a broad-compartment cellular component annotation consistent with the other accepted cytosol/cytoplasm rows for CUL3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Cytosol/cytoplasm and nucleus (plausible but evidence here is limited):**
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-9766645
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is represented as cytosolic in Reactome CRL3 pathway reactions.
Reason: Cytosolic localization is compatible with CUL3 CRL3 scaffold function; this is a broad-compartment cellular component annotation consistent with the other accepted cytosol/cytoplasm rows for CUL3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Cytosol/cytoplasm and nucleus (plausible but evidence here is limited):**
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-9766656
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is represented as cytosolic in Reactome CRL3 pathway reactions.
Reason: Cytosolic localization is compatible with CUL3 CRL3 scaffold function; this is a broad-compartment cellular component annotation consistent with the other accepted cytosol/cytoplasm rows for CUL3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Cytosol/cytoplasm and nucleus (plausible but evidence here is limited):**
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-9766677
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is represented as cytosolic in Reactome CRL3 pathway reactions.
Reason: Cytosolic localization is compatible with CUL3 CRL3 scaffold function; this is a broad-compartment cellular component annotation consistent with the other accepted cytosol/cytoplasm rows for CUL3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Cytosol/cytoplasm and nucleus (plausible but evidence here is limited):**
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-9766687
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is represented as cytosolic in Reactome CRL3 pathway reactions.
Reason: Cytosolic localization is compatible with CUL3 CRL3 scaffold function; this is a broad-compartment cellular component annotation consistent with the other accepted cytosol/cytoplasm rows for CUL3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Cytosol/cytoplasm and nucleus (plausible but evidence here is limited):**
GO:0005112 Notch binding
IPI
PMID:25401743
KCTD10 is involved in the cardiovascular system and Notch si...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This annotation derives from a study of KCTD10 (a CUL3 BTB adaptor) in Notch signaling during embryonic development, but direct CUL3-Notch binding is not the core scaffold function.
Reason: PMID:25401743 links the CUL3-KCTD10 module to Notch signaling, but substrate recognition is mediated by the KCTD10 adaptor rather than direct CUL3-Notch binding. Notch binding is a substrate-contextual, low-information MF that over-attributes adaptor/substrate recognition to the CUL3 scaffold.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
CUL3 is the **central scaffold** of CRL3 ubiquitin ligases, bridging (i) a **RING protein (RBX1)** that recruits E2~ubiquitin and (ii) **BTB-domain substrate adaptor/receptor proteins** that recruit specific substrates.
GO:0006511 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
IDA
PMID:25401743
KCTD10 is involved in the cardiovascular system and Notch si...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3-containing CRL3 complexes support ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal substrate degradation.
Reason: Proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent catabolism is a canonical proximal output for many CRL3 substrate-adaptor complexes, while non-degradative ubiquitination remains a caveat for some substrates.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Proteasomal targeting is a canonical outcome for many CRLs, and reviews explicitly describe substrate ubiquitination “for proteasomal degradation” as a CRL3 output
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
not all CUL3-dependent ubiquitination is degradative
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:26334369
Structural Insights into KCTD Protein Assembly and Cullin3 R...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:27561354
Cullin3-KLHL15 ubiquitin ligase mediates CtIP protein turnov...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0006511 ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
IDA
PMID:27561354
Cullin3-KLHL15 ubiquitin ligase mediates CtIP protein turnov...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3-containing CRL3 complexes support ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal substrate degradation.
Reason: Proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent catabolism is a canonical proximal output for many CRL3 substrate-adaptor complexes, while non-degradative ubiquitination remains a caveat for some substrates.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Proteasomal targeting is a canonical outcome for many CRLs, and reviews explicitly describe substrate ubiquitination “for proteasomal degradation” as a CRL3 output
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
not all CUL3-dependent ubiquitination is degradative
GO:0071630 nuclear protein quality control by the ubiquitin-proteasome system
IDA
PMID:27561354
Cullin3-KLHL15 ubiquitin ligase mediates CtIP protein turnov...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: This is a substrate-, adaptor-, or phenotype-specific downstream process for CUL3.
Reason: The process can be retained as non-core where source evidence supports a specific CUL3-adaptor substrate context, but the core CUL3 function remains CRL3 scaffold-mediated ubiquitination.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
oxidative stress response, blood pressure/electrolyte phenotypes, neurodevelopmental phenotypes, or cancer-associated phenotypes can be downstream of CUL3-dependent substrate regulation. These should not be treated as core CUL3 BP terms without direct mechanistic evidence that CUL3’s scaffold activity is required in the specific pathway node being annotated.
GO:0031145 anaphase-promoting complex-dependent catabolic process
IDA
PMID:10500095
Cullin-3 targets cyclin E for ubiquitination and controls S ...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: This is a substrate-, adaptor-, or phenotype-specific downstream process for CUL3.
Reason: The process can be retained as non-core where source evidence supports a specific CUL3-adaptor substrate context, but the core CUL3 function remains CRL3 scaffold-mediated ubiquitination.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
oxidative stress response, blood pressure/electrolyte phenotypes, neurodevelopmental phenotypes, or cancer-associated phenotypes can be downstream of CUL3-dependent substrate regulation. These should not be treated as core CUL3 BP terms without direct mechanistic evidence that CUL3’s scaffold activity is required in the specific pathway node being annotated.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:25270598
Ubiquitin-proteasome system controls ciliogenesis at the ini...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:21778237
COMMD1 (copper metabolism MURR1 domain-containing protein 1)...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0005654 nucleoplasm
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-5635854
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is represented as nucleoplasmic in Reactome GLI/Hedgehog CRL3 pathway reactions.
Reason: Nuclear/nucleoplasmic localization is plausible for CUL3 in specific pathway contexts (e.g. SPOP-CUL3 acting on GLI transcription factors); this is treated as a cautious broad-compartment cellular component annotation consistent with the other accepted nucleus/nucleoplasm rows.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Cytosol/cytoplasm and nucleus (plausible but evidence here is limited):**
GO:0005654 nucleoplasm
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-5635855
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is represented as nucleoplasmic in Reactome GLI/Hedgehog CRL3 pathway reactions.
Reason: Nuclear/nucleoplasmic localization is plausible for CUL3 in specific pathway contexts (e.g. SPOP-CUL3 acting on GLI transcription factors); this is treated as a cautious broad-compartment cellular component annotation consistent with the other accepted nucleus/nucleoplasm rows.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Cytosol/cytoplasm and nucleus (plausible but evidence here is limited):**
GO:0005654 nucleoplasm
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-5635856
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is represented as nucleoplasmic in Reactome GLI/Hedgehog CRL3 pathway reactions.
Reason: Nuclear/nucleoplasmic localization is plausible for CUL3 in specific pathway contexts (e.g. SPOP-CUL3 acting on GLI transcription factors); this is treated as a cautious broad-compartment cellular component annotation consistent with the other accepted nucleus/nucleoplasm rows.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Cytosol/cytoplasm and nucleus (plausible but evidence here is limited):**
GO:0007080 mitotic metaphase chromosome alignment
IMP
PMID:17543862
A Cul3-based E3 ligase removes Aurora B from mitotic chromos...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: This is a substrate-, adaptor-, or phenotype-specific downstream process for CUL3.
Reason: The process can be retained as non-core where source evidence supports a specific CUL3-adaptor substrate context, but the core CUL3 function remains CRL3 scaffold-mediated ubiquitination.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
oxidative stress response, blood pressure/electrolyte phenotypes, neurodevelopmental phenotypes, or cancer-associated phenotypes can be downstream of CUL3-dependent substrate regulation. These should not be treated as core CUL3 BP terms without direct mechanistic evidence that CUL3’s scaffold activity is required in the specific pathway node being annotated.
GO:0007080 mitotic metaphase chromosome alignment
IMP
PMID:19995937
The Cul3-KLHL21 E3 ubiquitin ligase targets aurora B to midz...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: This is a substrate-, adaptor-, or phenotype-specific downstream process for CUL3.
Reason: The process can be retained as non-core where source evidence supports a specific CUL3-adaptor substrate context, but the core CUL3 function remains CRL3 scaffold-mediated ubiquitination.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
oxidative stress response, blood pressure/electrolyte phenotypes, neurodevelopmental phenotypes, or cancer-associated phenotypes can be downstream of CUL3-dependent substrate regulation. These should not be treated as core CUL3 BP terms without direct mechanistic evidence that CUL3’s scaffold activity is required in the specific pathway node being annotated.
GO:0045842 positive regulation of mitotic metaphase/anaphase transition
IMP
PMID:17543862
A Cul3-based E3 ligase removes Aurora B from mitotic chromos...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: This is a substrate-, adaptor-, or phenotype-specific downstream process for CUL3.
Reason: The process can be retained as non-core where source evidence supports a specific CUL3-adaptor substrate context, but the core CUL3 function remains CRL3 scaffold-mediated ubiquitination.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
oxidative stress response, blood pressure/electrolyte phenotypes, neurodevelopmental phenotypes, or cancer-associated phenotypes can be downstream of CUL3-dependent substrate regulation. These should not be treated as core CUL3 BP terms without direct mechanistic evidence that CUL3’s scaffold activity is required in the specific pathway node being annotated.
GO:0031463 Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complex
IDA
PMID:24768539
K33-Linked Polyubiquitination of Coronin 7 by Cul3-KLHL20 Ub...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is a core component of Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complexes.
Reason: CRL3 complex membership is a core cellular component annotation for CUL3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
CUL3 is the **central scaffold** of CRL3 ubiquitin ligases, bridging (i) a **RING protein (RBX1)** that recruits E2~ubiquitin and (ii) **BTB-domain substrate adaptor/receptor proteins** that recruit specific substrates.
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
direct structural evidence places CUL3 in CRL3 assemblies containing RBX1 and BTB adaptors
GO:0016020 membrane
HDA
PMID:19946888
Defining the membrane proteome of NK cells.
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This localization is not established as a core CUL3 cellular component in this review.
Reason: The synthesis supports CRL3 complex membership with cautious cytoplasm/nucleus localization; membrane, Golgi, exosome, sperm flagellum, or other specific locations require source-level confirmation before retention.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Cytosol/cytoplasm and nucleus (plausible but evidence here is limited):**
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Membrane/centrosome/cytoskeleton claims require caution:**
GO:0070062 extracellular exosome
HDA
PMID:19056867
Large-scale proteomics and phosphoproteomics of urinary exos...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This localization is not established as a core CUL3 cellular component in this review.
Reason: The synthesis supports CRL3 complex membership with cautious cytoplasm/nucleus localization; membrane, Golgi, exosome, sperm flagellum, or other specific locations require source-level confirmation before retention.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Cytosol/cytoplasm and nucleus (plausible but evidence here is limited):**
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Membrane/centrosome/cytoskeleton claims require caution:**
GO:0031463 Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complex
IDA
PMID:19158078
Control of rapsyn stability by the CUL-3-containing E3 ligas...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is a core component of Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complexes.
Reason: CRL3 complex membership is a core cellular component annotation for CUL3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
CUL3 is the **central scaffold** of CRL3 ubiquitin ligases, bridging (i) a **RING protein (RBX1)** that recruits E2~ubiquitin and (ii) **BTB-domain substrate adaptor/receptor proteins** that recruit specific substrates.
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
direct structural evidence places CUL3 in CRL3 assemblies containing RBX1 and BTB adaptors
GO:0031463 Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complex
IDA
PMID:22578813
Translational homeostasis via the mRNA cap-binding protein, ...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is a core component of Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complexes.
Reason: CRL3 complex membership is a core cellular component annotation for CUL3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
CUL3 is the **central scaffold** of CRL3 ubiquitin ligases, bridging (i) a **RING protein (RBX1)** that recruits E2~ubiquitin and (ii) **BTB-domain substrate adaptor/receptor proteins** that recruit specific substrates.
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
direct structural evidence places CUL3 in CRL3 assemblies containing RBX1 and BTB adaptors
GO:0031463 Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complex
IDA
PMID:23453970
Impaired KLHL3-mediated ubiquitination of WNK4 causes human ...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is a core component of Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complexes.
Reason: CRL3 complex membership is a core cellular component annotation for CUL3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
CUL3 is the **central scaffold** of CRL3 ubiquitin ligases, bridging (i) a **RING protein (RBX1)** that recruits E2~ubiquitin and (ii) **BTB-domain substrate adaptor/receptor proteins** that recruit specific substrates.
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
direct structural evidence places CUL3 in CRL3 assemblies containing RBX1 and BTB adaptors
GO:0031463 Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complex
IDA
PMID:23576762
Kelch-like 3 and Cullin 3 regulate electrolyte homeostasis v...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is a core component of Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complexes.
Reason: CRL3 complex membership is a core cellular component annotation for CUL3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
CUL3 is the **central scaffold** of CRL3 ubiquitin ligases, bridging (i) a **RING protein (RBX1)** that recruits E2~ubiquitin and (ii) **BTB-domain substrate adaptor/receptor proteins** that recruit specific substrates.
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
direct structural evidence places CUL3 in CRL3 assemblies containing RBX1 and BTB adaptors
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:18397884
Regulation of TIP60 by ATF2 modulates ATM activation.
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-1504190
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 can be represented in cytosolic CRL3 pathway contexts.
Reason: Cytosolic localization is compatible with CUL3 scaffold biology, although repetitive Reactome cytosol rows are left mostly pending for source-level review.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Cytosol/cytoplasm and nucleus (plausible but evidence here is limited):**
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-1504193
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is represented as cytosolic in Reactome CRL3 pathway reactions.
Reason: Cytosolic localization is compatible with CUL3 CRL3 scaffold function; this is a broad-compartment cellular component annotation consistent with the other accepted cytosol/cytoplasm rows for CUL3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Cytosol/cytoplasm and nucleus (plausible but evidence here is limited):**
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-1504213
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is represented as cytosolic in Reactome CRL3 pathway reactions.
Reason: Cytosolic localization is compatible with CUL3 CRL3 scaffold function; this is a broad-compartment cellular component annotation consistent with the other accepted cytosol/cytoplasm rows for CUL3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Cytosol/cytoplasm and nucleus (plausible but evidence here is limited):**
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-5658424
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is represented as cytosolic in Reactome CRL3 pathway reactions.
Reason: Cytosolic localization is compatible with CUL3 CRL3 scaffold function; this is a broad-compartment cellular component annotation consistent with the other accepted cytosol/cytoplasm rows for CUL3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Cytosol/cytoplasm and nucleus (plausible but evidence here is limited):**
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-8952630
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is represented as cytosolic in Reactome CRL3 pathway reactions.
Reason: Cytosolic localization is compatible with CUL3 CRL3 scaffold function; this is a broad-compartment cellular component annotation consistent with the other accepted cytosol/cytoplasm rows for CUL3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Cytosol/cytoplasm and nucleus (plausible but evidence here is limited):**
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-8955241
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is represented as cytosolic in Reactome CRL3 pathway reactions.
Reason: Cytosolic localization is compatible with CUL3 CRL3 scaffold function; this is a broad-compartment cellular component annotation consistent with the other accepted cytosol/cytoplasm rows for CUL3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Cytosol/cytoplasm and nucleus (plausible but evidence here is limited):**
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-8955289
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is represented as cytosolic in Reactome CRL3 pathway reactions.
Reason: Cytosolic localization is compatible with CUL3 CRL3 scaffold function; this is a broad-compartment cellular component annotation consistent with the other accepted cytosol/cytoplasm rows for CUL3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Cytosol/cytoplasm and nucleus (plausible but evidence here is limited):**
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-9018778
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is represented as cytosolic in Reactome CRL3 pathway reactions.
Reason: Cytosolic localization is compatible with CUL3 CRL3 scaffold function; this is a broad-compartment cellular component annotation consistent with the other accepted cytosol/cytoplasm rows for CUL3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Cytosol/cytoplasm and nucleus (plausible but evidence here is limited):**
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-9018787
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is represented as cytosolic in Reactome CRL3 pathway reactions.
Reason: Cytosolic localization is compatible with CUL3 CRL3 scaffold function; this is a broad-compartment cellular component annotation consistent with the other accepted cytosol/cytoplasm rows for CUL3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Cytosol/cytoplasm and nucleus (plausible but evidence here is limited):**
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-9706390
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is represented as cytosolic in Reactome CRL3 pathway reactions.
Reason: Cytosolic localization is compatible with CUL3 CRL3 scaffold function; this is a broad-compartment cellular component annotation consistent with the other accepted cytosol/cytoplasm rows for CUL3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Cytosol/cytoplasm and nucleus (plausible but evidence here is limited):**
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-9929484
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is represented as cytosolic in Reactome CRL3 pathway reactions.
Reason: Cytosolic localization is compatible with CUL3 CRL3 scaffold function; this is a broad-compartment cellular component annotation consistent with the other accepted cytosol/cytoplasm rows for CUL3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Cytosol/cytoplasm and nucleus (plausible but evidence here is limited):**
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-9929486
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is represented as cytosolic in Reactome CRL3 pathway reactions.
Reason: Cytosolic localization is compatible with CUL3 CRL3 scaffold function; this is a broad-compartment cellular component annotation consistent with the other accepted cytosol/cytoplasm rows for CUL3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Cytosol/cytoplasm and nucleus (plausible but evidence here is limited):**
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-9929490
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is represented as cytosolic in Reactome CRL3 pathway reactions.
Reason: Cytosolic localization is compatible with CUL3 CRL3 scaffold function; this is a broad-compartment cellular component annotation consistent with the other accepted cytosol/cytoplasm rows for CUL3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Cytosol/cytoplasm and nucleus (plausible but evidence here is limited):**
GO:0031463 Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complex
IDA
PMID:23455478
Ubiquitylation-dependent localization of PLK1 in mitosis.
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is a core component of Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complexes.
Reason: CRL3 complex membership is a core cellular component annotation for CUL3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
CUL3 is the **central scaffold** of CRL3 ubiquitin ligases, bridging (i) a **RING protein (RBX1)** that recruits E2~ubiquitin and (ii) **BTB-domain substrate adaptor/receptor proteins** that recruit specific substrates.
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
direct structural evidence places CUL3 in CRL3 assemblies containing RBX1 and BTB adaptors
GO:0000209 protein polyubiquitination
IDA
PMID:19261606
The Cul3/Klhdc5 E3 ligase regulates p60/katanin and is requi...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3-containing CRL3 complexes can mediate protein polyubiquitination.
Reason: Protein polyubiquitination is a proximal CRL3 output, while substrate-specific downstream effects should be curated separately.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Multiple CRL3 systems demonstrate ubiquitination output; for example, CRL3^KLHL22 assays support ubiquitination activity dependence on CUL3 structural motifs
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Proteasomal targeting is a canonical outcome for many CRLs, and reviews explicitly describe substrate ubiquitination “for proteasomal degradation” as a CRL3 output
GO:0004842 ubiquitin-protein transferase activity
IDA
PMID:19261606
The Cul3/Klhdc5 E3 ligase regulates p60/katanin and is requi...
MODIFY
Summary: The ubiquitin ligase activity belongs to the assembled CRL3 complex; CUL3 itself is best represented as the scaffold.
Reason: For CUL3, ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity is the more accurate molecular function than a catalytic ubiquitin-protein transferase term.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
evidence best supports a CUL3 annotation consistent with **“ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity”** / **E3 ligase scaffold** rather than “ubiquitin-protein transferase activity” (which is catalytic and typically attributed to the E2/E3 catalytic machinery rather than the scaffold)
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:19261606
The Cul3/Klhdc5 E3 ligase regulates p60/katanin and is requi...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0031208 POZ domain binding
IDA
PMID:19261606
The Cul3/Klhdc5 E3 ligase regulates p60/katanin and is requi...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 binds BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors in CRL3 complexes.
Reason: POZ/BTB-domain adaptor binding is part of the core CRL3 scaffold architecture.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
CUL3 is the **central scaffold** of CRL3 ubiquitin ligases, bridging (i) a **RING protein (RBX1)** that recruits E2~ubiquitin and (ii) **BTB-domain substrate adaptor/receptor proteins** that recruit specific substrates.
GO:0031463 Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complex
IDA
PMID:19261606
The Cul3/Klhdc5 E3 ligase regulates p60/katanin and is requi...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is a core component of Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complexes.
Reason: CRL3 complex membership is a core cellular component annotation for CUL3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
CUL3 is the **central scaffold** of CRL3 ubiquitin ligases, bridging (i) a **RING protein (RBX1)** that recruits E2~ubiquitin and (ii) **BTB-domain substrate adaptor/receptor proteins** that recruit specific substrates.
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
direct structural evidence places CUL3 in CRL3 assemblies containing RBX1 and BTB adaptors
GO:0032467 positive regulation of cytokinesis
IMP
PMID:19261606
The Cul3/Klhdc5 E3 ligase regulates p60/katanin and is requi...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: This is a substrate-, adaptor-, or phenotype-specific downstream process for CUL3.
Reason: The process can be retained as non-core where source evidence supports a specific CUL3-adaptor substrate context, but the core CUL3 function remains CRL3 scaffold-mediated ubiquitination.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
oxidative stress response, blood pressure/electrolyte phenotypes, neurodevelopmental phenotypes, or cancer-associated phenotypes can be downstream of CUL3-dependent substrate regulation. These should not be treated as core CUL3 BP terms without direct mechanistic evidence that CUL3’s scaffold activity is required in the specific pathway node being annotated.
GO:0043161 proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
IDA
PMID:19261606
The Cul3/Klhdc5 E3 ligase regulates p60/katanin and is requi...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3-containing CRL3 complexes support ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal substrate degradation.
Reason: Proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent catabolism is a canonical proximal output for many CRL3 substrate-adaptor complexes, while non-degradative ubiquitination remains a caveat for some substrates.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Proteasomal targeting is a canonical outcome for many CRLs, and reviews explicitly describe substrate ubiquitination “for proteasomal degradation” as a CRL3 output
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
not all CUL3-dependent ubiquitination is degradative
GO:0004842 ubiquitin-protein transferase activity
IDA
PMID:15983046
Ubiquitination of Keap1, a BTB-Kelch substrate adaptor prote...
MODIFY
Summary: The ubiquitin ligase activity belongs to the assembled CRL3 complex; CUL3 itself is best represented as the scaffold.
Reason: For CUL3, ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity is the more accurate molecular function than a catalytic ubiquitin-protein transferase term.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
evidence best supports a CUL3 annotation consistent with **“ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity”** / **E3 ligase scaffold** rather than “ubiquitin-protein transferase activity” (which is catalytic and typically attributed to the E2/E3 catalytic machinery rather than the scaffold)
GO:0031463 Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complex
IDA
PMID:15983046
Ubiquitination of Keap1, a BTB-Kelch substrate adaptor prote...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is a core component of Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complexes.
Reason: CRL3 complex membership is a core cellular component annotation for CUL3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
CUL3 is the **central scaffold** of CRL3 ubiquitin ligases, bridging (i) a **RING protein (RBX1)** that recruits E2~ubiquitin and (ii) **BTB-domain substrate adaptor/receptor proteins** that recruit specific substrates.
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
direct structural evidence places CUL3 in CRL3 assemblies containing RBX1 and BTB adaptors
GO:0006513 protein monoubiquitination
IDA
PMID:22358839
Ubiquitin-dependent regulation of COPII coat size and functi...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Some CUL3-adaptor complexes mediate monoubiquitination rather than degradative polyubiquitination.
Reason: Protein monoubiquitination is a valid adaptor/substrate-specific CUL3 output, but it is not the main degradative CRL3 process summarized as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
not all CUL3-dependent ubiquitination is degradative
GO:0006888 endoplasmic reticulum to Golgi vesicle-mediated transport
IDA
PMID:22358839
Ubiquitin-dependent regulation of COPII coat size and functi...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: This is a substrate-, adaptor-, or phenotype-specific downstream process for CUL3.
Reason: The process can be retained as non-core where source evidence supports a specific CUL3-adaptor substrate context, but the core CUL3 function remains CRL3 scaffold-mediated ubiquitination.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
oxidative stress response, blood pressure/electrolyte phenotypes, neurodevelopmental phenotypes, or cancer-associated phenotypes can be downstream of CUL3-dependent substrate regulation. These should not be treated as core CUL3 BP terms without direct mechanistic evidence that CUL3’s scaffold activity is required in the specific pathway node being annotated.
GO:0007229 integrin-mediated signaling pathway
ISS
GO_REF:0000024
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This automated or broad pathway annotation is downstream of CUL3-adaptor substrate biology rather than a core CUL3 function.
Reason: The Falcon synthesis warns against promoting broad pathway, development, disease, or phenotype terms to core CUL3 annotations without direct mechanistic evidence at the annotated pathway node.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
oxidative stress response, blood pressure/electrolyte phenotypes, neurodevelopmental phenotypes, or cancer-associated phenotypes can be downstream of CUL3-dependent substrate regulation. These should not be treated as core CUL3 BP terms without direct mechanistic evidence that CUL3’s scaffold activity is required in the specific pathway node being annotated.
GO:0017145 stem cell division
ISS
GO_REF:0000024
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This automated or broad pathway annotation is downstream of CUL3-adaptor substrate biology rather than a core CUL3 function.
Reason: The Falcon synthesis warns against promoting broad pathway, development, disease, or phenotype terms to core CUL3 annotations without direct mechanistic evidence at the annotated pathway node.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
oxidative stress response, blood pressure/electrolyte phenotypes, neurodevelopmental phenotypes, or cancer-associated phenotypes can be downstream of CUL3-dependent substrate regulation. These should not be treated as core CUL3 BP terms without direct mechanistic evidence that CUL3’s scaffold activity is required in the specific pathway node being annotated.
GO:0031463 Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complex
IDA
PMID:22358839
Ubiquitin-dependent regulation of COPII coat size and functi...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is a core component of Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complexes.
Reason: CRL3 complex membership is a core cellular component annotation for CUL3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
CUL3 is the **central scaffold** of CRL3 ubiquitin ligases, bridging (i) a **RING protein (RBX1)** that recruits E2~ubiquitin and (ii) **BTB-domain substrate adaptor/receptor proteins** that recruit specific substrates.
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
direct structural evidence places CUL3 in CRL3 assemblies containing RBX1 and BTB adaptors
GO:0040016 embryonic cleavage
ISS
GO_REF:0000024
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This automated or broad pathway annotation is downstream of CUL3-adaptor substrate biology rather than a core CUL3 function.
Reason: The Falcon synthesis warns against promoting broad pathway, development, disease, or phenotype terms to core CUL3 annotations without direct mechanistic evidence at the annotated pathway node.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
oxidative stress response, blood pressure/electrolyte phenotypes, neurodevelopmental phenotypes, or cancer-associated phenotypes can be downstream of CUL3-dependent substrate regulation. These should not be treated as core CUL3 BP terms without direct mechanistic evidence that CUL3’s scaffold activity is required in the specific pathway node being annotated.
GO:0048208 COPII vesicle coating
IMP
PMID:22358839
Ubiquitin-dependent regulation of COPII coat size and functi...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: This is a substrate-, adaptor-, or phenotype-specific downstream process for CUL3.
Reason: The process can be retained as non-core where source evidence supports a specific CUL3-adaptor substrate context, but the core CUL3 function remains CRL3 scaffold-mediated ubiquitination.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
oxidative stress response, blood pressure/electrolyte phenotypes, neurodevelopmental phenotypes, or cancer-associated phenotypes can be downstream of CUL3-dependent substrate regulation. These should not be treated as core CUL3 BP terms without direct mechanistic evidence that CUL3’s scaffold activity is required in the specific pathway node being annotated.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:18826954
SCCRO (DCUN1D1) is an essential component of the E3 complex ...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0004842 ubiquitin-protein transferase activity
IDA
PMID:19782033
Cullin mediates degradation of RhoA through evolutionarily c...
MODIFY
Summary: The ubiquitin ligase activity belongs to the assembled CRL3 complex; CUL3 itself is best represented as the scaffold.
Reason: For CUL3, ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity is the more accurate molecular function than a catalytic ubiquitin-protein transferase term.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
evidence best supports a CUL3 annotation consistent with **“ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity”** / **E3 ligase scaffold** rather than “ubiquitin-protein transferase activity” (which is catalytic and typically attributed to the E2/E3 catalytic machinery rather than the scaffold)
GO:0016477 cell migration
IMP
PMID:19782033
Cullin mediates degradation of RhoA through evolutionarily c...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: This is a substrate-, adaptor-, or phenotype-specific downstream process for CUL3.
Reason: The process can be retained as non-core where source evidence supports a specific CUL3-adaptor substrate context, but the core CUL3 function remains CRL3 scaffold-mediated ubiquitination.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
oxidative stress response, blood pressure/electrolyte phenotypes, neurodevelopmental phenotypes, or cancer-associated phenotypes can be downstream of CUL3-dependent substrate regulation. These should not be treated as core CUL3 BP terms without direct mechanistic evidence that CUL3’s scaffold activity is required in the specific pathway node being annotated.
GO:0016567 protein ubiquitination
IDA
PMID:19782033
Cullin mediates degradation of RhoA through evolutionarily c...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3-containing CRL3 complexes mediate protein ubiquitination.
Reason: Protein ubiquitination is the proximal biological process output of CUL3 scaffold function in CRL3 E3 ligase complexes.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
CUL3 is the **central scaffold** of CRL3 ubiquitin ligases, bridging (i) a **RING protein (RBX1)** that recruits E2~ubiquitin and (ii) **BTB-domain substrate adaptor/receptor proteins** that recruit specific substrates.
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Multiple CRL3 systems demonstrate ubiquitination output; for example, CRL3^KLHL22 assays support ubiquitination activity dependence on CUL3 structural motifs
GO:0031463 Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complex
IDA
PMID:19782033
Cullin mediates degradation of RhoA through evolutionarily c...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is a core component of Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complexes.
Reason: CRL3 complex membership is a core cellular component annotation for CUL3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
CUL3 is the **central scaffold** of CRL3 ubiquitin ligases, bridging (i) a **RING protein (RBX1)** that recruits E2~ubiquitin and (ii) **BTB-domain substrate adaptor/receptor proteins** that recruit specific substrates.
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
direct structural evidence places CUL3 in CRL3 assemblies containing RBX1 and BTB adaptors
GO:0035024 negative regulation of Rho protein signal transduction
IMP
PMID:19782033
Cullin mediates degradation of RhoA through evolutionarily c...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: This is a substrate-, adaptor-, or phenotype-specific downstream process for CUL3.
Reason: The process can be retained as non-core where source evidence supports a specific CUL3-adaptor substrate context, but the core CUL3 function remains CRL3 scaffold-mediated ubiquitination.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
oxidative stress response, blood pressure/electrolyte phenotypes, neurodevelopmental phenotypes, or cancer-associated phenotypes can be downstream of CUL3-dependent substrate regulation. These should not be treated as core CUL3 BP terms without direct mechanistic evidence that CUL3’s scaffold activity is required in the specific pathway node being annotated.
GO:0043149 stress fiber assembly
IMP
PMID:19782033
Cullin mediates degradation of RhoA through evolutionarily c...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: This is a substrate-, adaptor-, or phenotype-specific downstream process for CUL3.
Reason: The process can be retained as non-core where source evidence supports a specific CUL3-adaptor substrate context, but the core CUL3 function remains CRL3 scaffold-mediated ubiquitination.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
oxidative stress response, blood pressure/electrolyte phenotypes, neurodevelopmental phenotypes, or cancer-associated phenotypes can be downstream of CUL3-dependent substrate regulation. These should not be treated as core CUL3 BP terms without direct mechanistic evidence that CUL3’s scaffold activity is required in the specific pathway node being annotated.
GO:0043161 proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
IDA
PMID:19782033
Cullin mediates degradation of RhoA through evolutionarily c...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3-containing CRL3 complexes support ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal substrate degradation.
Reason: Proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent catabolism is a canonical proximal output for many CRL3 substrate-adaptor complexes, while non-degradative ubiquitination remains a caveat for some substrates.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Proteasomal targeting is a canonical outcome for many CRLs, and reviews explicitly describe substrate ubiquitination “for proteasomal degradation” as a CRL3 output
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
not all CUL3-dependent ubiquitination is degradative
GO:0043161 proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
IDA
PMID:20389280
The Cullin 3 substrate adaptor KLHL20 mediates DAPK ubiquiti...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3-containing CRL3 complexes support ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal substrate degradation.
Reason: Proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent catabolism is a canonical proximal output for many CRL3 substrate-adaptor complexes, while non-degradative ubiquitination remains a caveat for some substrates.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Proteasomal targeting is a canonical outcome for many CRLs, and reviews explicitly describe substrate ubiquitination “for proteasomal degradation” as a CRL3 output
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
not all CUL3-dependent ubiquitination is degradative
GO:0004842 ubiquitin-protein transferase activity
IDA
PMID:20389280
The Cullin 3 substrate adaptor KLHL20 mediates DAPK ubiquiti...
MODIFY
Summary: The ubiquitin ligase activity belongs to the assembled CRL3 complex; CUL3 itself is best represented as the scaffold.
Reason: For CUL3, ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity is the more accurate molecular function than a catalytic ubiquitin-protein transferase term.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
evidence best supports a CUL3 annotation consistent with **“ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity”** / **E3 ligase scaffold** rather than “ubiquitin-protein transferase activity” (which is catalytic and typically attributed to the E2/E3 catalytic machinery rather than the scaffold)
GO:0005827 polar microtubule
IDA
PMID:19995937
The Cul3-KLHL21 E3 ubiquitin ligase targets aurora B to midz...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: This cytoskeleton/centrosome/spindle localization is likely context-specific for CUL3-adaptor biology.
Reason: Centrosome, spindle, and cytoskeletal annotations may be valid in specific mitotic or adaptor contexts but are not the core CUL3 location.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
**Membrane/centrosome/cytoskeleton claims require caution:**
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
oxidative stress response, blood pressure/electrolyte phenotypes, neurodevelopmental phenotypes, or cancer-associated phenotypes can be downstream of CUL3-dependent substrate regulation. These should not be treated as core CUL3 BP terms without direct mechanistic evidence that CUL3’s scaffold activity is required in the specific pathway node being annotated.
GO:0016567 protein ubiquitination
IDA
PMID:17543862
A Cul3-based E3 ligase removes Aurora B from mitotic chromos...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3-containing CRL3 complexes mediate protein ubiquitination.
Reason: Protein ubiquitination is the proximal biological process output of CUL3 scaffold function in CRL3 E3 ligase complexes.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
CUL3 is the **central scaffold** of CRL3 ubiquitin ligases, bridging (i) a **RING protein (RBX1)** that recruits E2~ubiquitin and (ii) **BTB-domain substrate adaptor/receptor proteins** that recruit specific substrates.
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Multiple CRL3 systems demonstrate ubiquitination output; for example, CRL3^KLHL22 assays support ubiquitination activity dependence on CUL3 structural motifs
GO:0016567 protein ubiquitination
IDA
PMID:19995937
The Cul3-KLHL21 E3 ubiquitin ligase targets aurora B to midz...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3-containing CRL3 complexes mediate protein ubiquitination.
Reason: Protein ubiquitination is the proximal biological process output of CUL3 scaffold function in CRL3 E3 ligase complexes.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
CUL3 is the **central scaffold** of CRL3 ubiquitin ligases, bridging (i) a **RING protein (RBX1)** that recruits E2~ubiquitin and (ii) **BTB-domain substrate adaptor/receptor proteins** that recruit specific substrates.
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Multiple CRL3 systems demonstrate ubiquitination output; for example, CRL3^KLHL22 assays support ubiquitination activity dependence on CUL3 structural motifs
GO:0016567 protein ubiquitination
IDA
PMID:20389280
The Cullin 3 substrate adaptor KLHL20 mediates DAPK ubiquiti...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3-containing CRL3 complexes mediate protein ubiquitination.
Reason: Protein ubiquitination is the proximal biological process output of CUL3 scaffold function in CRL3 E3 ligase complexes.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
CUL3 is the **central scaffold** of CRL3 ubiquitin ligases, bridging (i) a **RING protein (RBX1)** that recruits E2~ubiquitin and (ii) **BTB-domain substrate adaptor/receptor proteins** that recruit specific substrates.
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Multiple CRL3 systems demonstrate ubiquitination output; for example, CRL3^KLHL22 assays support ubiquitination activity dependence on CUL3 structural motifs
GO:0031463 Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complex
IDA
PMID:17543862
A Cul3-based E3 ligase removes Aurora B from mitotic chromos...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is a core component of Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complexes.
Reason: CRL3 complex membership is a core cellular component annotation for CUL3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
CUL3 is the **central scaffold** of CRL3 ubiquitin ligases, bridging (i) a **RING protein (RBX1)** that recruits E2~ubiquitin and (ii) **BTB-domain substrate adaptor/receptor proteins** that recruit specific substrates.
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
direct structural evidence places CUL3 in CRL3 assemblies containing RBX1 and BTB adaptors
GO:0031463 Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complex
IDA
PMID:19995937
The Cul3-KLHL21 E3 ubiquitin ligase targets aurora B to midz...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is a core component of Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complexes.
Reason: CRL3 complex membership is a core cellular component annotation for CUL3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
CUL3 is the **central scaffold** of CRL3 ubiquitin ligases, bridging (i) a **RING protein (RBX1)** that recruits E2~ubiquitin and (ii) **BTB-domain substrate adaptor/receptor proteins** that recruit specific substrates.
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
direct structural evidence places CUL3 in CRL3 assemblies containing RBX1 and BTB adaptors
GO:0031463 Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complex
IDA
PMID:20389280
The Cullin 3 substrate adaptor KLHL20 mediates DAPK ubiquiti...
ACCEPT
Summary: CUL3 is a core component of Cul3-RING ubiquitin ligase complexes.
Reason: CRL3 complex membership is a core cellular component annotation for CUL3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
CUL3 is the **central scaffold** of CRL3 ubiquitin ligases, bridging (i) a **RING protein (RBX1)** that recruits E2~ubiquitin and (ii) **BTB-domain substrate adaptor/receptor proteins** that recruit specific substrates.
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
direct structural evidence places CUL3 in CRL3 assemblies containing RBX1 and BTB adaptors
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:18573101
KCTD5, a putative substrate adaptor for cullin3 ubiquitin li...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: This is a generic protein binding annotation supported by a pairwise or high-throughput interaction; the informative CUL3 interactions (BTB/POZ adaptor binding, RBX1, regulators) are captured by more specific terms.
Reason: Bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is low-information and should not be retained as a core CUL3 molecular function. CUL3's biologically meaningful interactions with BTB/POZ-domain substrate adaptors are already captured by POZ domain binding (GO:0031208), and its scaffold role by ubiquitin ligase complex scaffold activity (GO:0160072). Many of these rows derive from large-scale interactome or affinity screens and capture adaptor, substrate, or non-specific partners rather than a distinct CUL3 function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
Avoid annotating CUL3 with generic “protein binding” or “ubiquitin protein ligase binding” unless the evidence is specifically required for MF, because these terms are often **low-information** and may reflect experimental detection rather than biological specificity.
GO:0000082 G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle
TAS
PMID:8681378
cul-1 is required for cell cycle exit in C. elegans and iden...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: This is a substrate-, adaptor-, or phenotype-specific downstream process for CUL3.
Reason: The process can be retained as non-core where source evidence supports a specific CUL3-adaptor substrate context, but the core CUL3 function remains CRL3 scaffold-mediated ubiquitination.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
oxidative stress response, blood pressure/electrolyte phenotypes, neurodevelopmental phenotypes, or cancer-associated phenotypes can be downstream of CUL3-dependent substrate regulation. These should not be treated as core CUL3 BP terms without direct mechanistic evidence that CUL3’s scaffold activity is required in the specific pathway node being annotated.
GO:0008284 positive regulation of cell population proliferation
TAS
PMID:9733711
Cloning and expression analysis of a novel salicylate suppre...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: This is a substrate-, adaptor-, or phenotype-specific downstream process for CUL3.
Reason: The process can be retained as non-core where source evidence supports a specific CUL3-adaptor substrate context, but the core CUL3 function remains CRL3 scaffold-mediated ubiquitination.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
oxidative stress response, blood pressure/electrolyte phenotypes, neurodevelopmental phenotypes, or cancer-associated phenotypes can be downstream of CUL3-dependent substrate regulation. These should not be treated as core CUL3 BP terms without direct mechanistic evidence that CUL3’s scaffold activity is required in the specific pathway node being annotated.
GO:0097193 intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway
TAS
PMID:8681378
cul-1 is required for cell cycle exit in C. elegans and iden...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: This is a substrate-, adaptor-, or phenotype-specific downstream process for CUL3.
Reason: The process can be retained as non-core where source evidence supports a specific CUL3-adaptor substrate context, but the core CUL3 function remains CRL3 scaffold-mediated ubiquitination.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
oxidative stress response, blood pressure/electrolyte phenotypes, neurodevelopmental phenotypes, or cancer-associated phenotypes can be downstream of CUL3-dependent substrate regulation. These should not be treated as core CUL3 BP terms without direct mechanistic evidence that CUL3’s scaffold activity is required in the specific pathway node being annotated.

Core Functions

CUL3 is the scaffold of CRL3 cullin-RING E3 ubiquitin ligase complexes, connecting RBX1/E2 catalytic machinery to BTB-domain substrate adaptors. This scaffold function drives substrate ubiquitination, including polyubiquitination and proteasome-mediated degradation in many adaptor contexts, while non-degradative ubiquitination and downstream phenotypes are substrate-specific.

Supporting Evidence:
  • file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
    CUL3 is the **central scaffold** of CRL3 ubiquitin ligases, bridging (i) a **RING protein (RBX1)** that recruits E2~ubiquitin and (ii) **BTB-domain substrate adaptor/receptor proteins** that recruit specific substrates.
  • file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
    Multiple CRL3 systems demonstrate ubiquitination output; for example, CRL3^KLHL22 assays support ubiquitination activity dependence on CUL3 structural motifs
  • file:human/CUL3/CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md
    Proteasomal targeting is a canonical outcome for many CRLs, and reviews explicitly describe substrate ubiquitination “for proteasomal degradation” as a CRL3 output

References

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Suggested Questions for Experts

Q: Which generic protein-binding rows correspond to direct CUL3-BTB adaptor, RBX1, substrate, or regulator interactions that should be converted to more informative terms?

Q: Which substrate-specific pathway and phenotype annotations have direct CUL3 scaffold-dependent evidence rather than adaptor/substrate or disease-context inference?

Q: Which annotations should distinguish CUL3's core scaffold activity from CRL3 regulation by neddylation, deneddylation, CSN, and CAND1-mediated adaptor exchange?

Suggested Experiments

Experiment: Review CRL3 adaptor modules one at a time, separating CUL3 scaffold activity from adaptor-specific substrate recognition and downstream pathway outputs.

Experiment: Prioritize source-level review of membrane, Golgi, centrosome, spindle, cytoskeleton, and synaptic localization claims before retaining them as CUL3 cellular component annotations.

Deep Research

Falcon

(CUL3-deep-research-falcon.md)

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📚 Additional Documentation

Notes

(CUL3-notes.md)

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📄 View Raw YAML

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