Guanine nucleotide-binding protein gamma-2 (G-gamma-2) is a small (71 aa) G-gamma subunit of heterotrimeric G proteins. After C-terminal CaaX processing it is geranylgeranylated and carboxymethylated, which anchors it to the cytoplasmic face of the plasma membrane. It forms an obligate, tightly associated dimer with G-beta subunits (principally GNB1, also GNB2 and GNB5), and the Gbetagamma dimer assembles with GDP-bound Galpha subunits of the Gi/o, Gs and other families. The Gbetagamma dimer is required for receptor coupling and nucleotide exchange of the heterotrimer, and after agonist-induced dissociation it signals directly, most clearly by binding and opening G protein-gated inwardly rectifying K+ (GIRK/Kir3) channels. Gbeta1gamma2 is the canonical Gbetagamma used in structural studies of receptor-G protein complexes, including serotonin, dopamine, opioid, calcitonin and glucagon receptors.
| GO Term | Evidence | Action | Reason |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0003925 G protein activity | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | MODIFY | Summary: GNG2 is an obligate subunit of heterotrimeric G proteins; the heterotrimer is the unit that cycles between GDP- and GTP-bound states. The PAINT node for the G-gamma family (PTN008551661) carries G protein activity with an enables qualifier. Reason: G-gamma has no nucleotide-binding site of its own. The Gbetagamma dimer is required for GDP/GTP exchange, receptor coupling and effector interaction of the heterotrimer (UniProt FUNCTION), which is a contributes_to relationship to the heterotrimer's G protein activity, not an activity that G-gamma enables. This is the same framework applied to GNB1, whose enables GTPase activity rows are removed. The node placement is not in question (GNG2 sits in the G-gamma clade with intact CaaX prenylation and G-beta interface); the qualifier is. The subunit's own molecular activity is G-beta binding (GO:0031681, already carried by IPI and IEA), and core_functions records G protein activity as contributes_to. Propagation Review Root cause: TERM SCOPING PROBLEM Sources checked: PANTHER:PTN008551661 SUPPORTS SOURCE BUT NOT TARGET The G-gamma node carries heterotrimer-level G protein activity as enables; Ggamma contributes to that activity through the obligate Gbetagamma dimer but does not perform it. Proposed replacements: G-protein beta-subunit binding Supporting Evidence: file:human/GNG2/GNG2-uniprot.txt The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity PMID:42870023 we used a single virus containing the genes for both the human GΞ²1 and GΞ³2 subunits |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:23739333 X-ray structure of the mammalian GIRK2-Ξ²Ξ³ G-protein complex. | MODIFY | Summary: Protein binding IPI: GNB1 (Gbeta1) partner in the GIRK2-Gbeta1gamma2 crystal structure; the human beta1 and gamma2 subunits were co-expressed as the Gbetagamma dimer. Reason: Generic protein binding is uninformative. The interaction partner is a G-protein beta subunit, and the Gbeta-Ggamma interaction is the obligate dimer through which G-gamma acts; G-protein beta-subunit binding (GO:0031681, already carried by GNG2 via IPI and IEA) captures the actual activity. Proposed replacements: G-protein beta-subunit binding Supporting Evidence: PMID:23739333 The full-length human G protein Ξ²1 and Ξ³2 subunits were cloned into pFastbac vectors. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:25733868 Comprehensive analysis of heterotrimeric G-protein complex d... | MODIFY | Summary: Protein binding IPI: GNB1 partner identified in a systematic co-IP survey of all Gbeta/Ggamma combinations with Galpha-i1/Galpha-sL; beta1gamma2 is the canonical structural dimer. Reason: Generic protein binding is uninformative. The interaction partner is a G-protein beta subunit, and the Gbeta-Ggamma interaction is the obligate dimer through which G-gamma acts; G-protein beta-subunit binding (GO:0031681, already carried by GNG2 via IPI and IEA) captures the actual activity. Proposed replacements: G-protein beta-subunit binding Supporting Evidence: PMID:25733868 So far, crystal structures of G proteins have only included the combinations Ξ² 1 Ξ³ 1 or Ξ² 1 Ξ³ 2 . |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:28219978 A Mutation in the G-Protein Gene GNB2 Causes Familial Sinus ... | MODIFY | Summary: Protein binding IPI: GNB2 (Gbeta2) partner; wild-type and R52L Gbeta2 were co-expressed with Ggamma2 to activate cardiac GIRK channels. Reason: Generic protein binding is uninformative. The interaction partner is a G-protein beta subunit, and the Gbeta-Ggamma interaction is the obligate dimer through which G-gamma acts; G-protein beta-subunit binding (GO:0031681, already carried by GNG2 via IPI and IEA) captures the actual activity. Proposed replacements: G-protein beta-subunit binding Supporting Evidence: PMID:28219978 GΞ³2; this was in contrast to coexpression of mutant GΞ²2-GΞ³2 with other cardiac |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:28437792 Phase-plate cryo-EM structure of a class B GPCR-G-protein co... | MODIFY | Summary: Protein binding IPI: GNB1 partner in the calcitonin receptor-Gs cryo-EM complex (Gbeta1gamma2). Reason: Generic protein binding is uninformative. The interaction partner is a G-protein beta subunit, and the Gbeta-Ggamma interaction is the obligate dimer through which G-gamma acts; G-protein beta-subunit binding (GO:0031681, already carried by GNG2 via IPI and IEA) captures the actual activity. Proposed replacements: G-protein beta-subunit binding Supporting Evidence: PMID:28437792 the CTR was co-expressed with GΞ±s, His-GΞ²1, and GΞ³2 in HighFiveβ’ insect cells |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:32371397 Cryo-electron microscopy structure of the glucagon receptor ... | MODIFY | Summary: Protein binding IPI: GNB1 partner in the glucagon receptor-Gs cryo-EM complex (Gbeta1gamma2). Reason: Generic protein binding is uninformative. The interaction partner is a G-protein beta subunit, and the Gbeta-Ggamma interaction is the obligate dimer through which G-gamma acts; G-protein beta-subunit binding (GO:0031681, already carried by GNG2 via IPI and IEA) captures the actual activity. Proposed replacements: G-protein beta-subunit binding Supporting Evidence: PMID:32371397 His 6 -tagged GΞ² 1 and GΞ³ 2 were co-expressed in HighFive insect cells |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:32528175 Structure of a D2 dopamine receptor-G-protein complex in a l... | MODIFY | Summary: Protein binding IPI: GNB1 partner in the D2 dopamine receptor-Gi cryo-EM complex (Gbeta1gamma2). Reason: Generic protein binding is uninformative. The interaction partner is a G-protein beta subunit, and the Gbeta-Ggamma interaction is the obligate dimer through which G-gamma acts; G-protein beta-subunit binding (GO:0031681, already carried by GNG2 via IPI and IEA) captures the actual activity. Proposed replacements: G-protein beta-subunit binding Supporting Evidence: PMID:32528175 An additional pFastBac-Dual baculovirus was made with human GΞ²1 and human GΞ³2 genes. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:33961781 Dual proteome-scale networks reveal cell-specific remodeling... | MODIFY | Summary: Protein binding IPI: GNB1 partner detected by AP-MS in the BioPlex 3.0 proteome-scale interactome. Reason: Generic protein binding is uninformative. The interaction partner is a G-protein beta subunit, and the Gbeta-Ggamma interaction is the obligate dimer through which G-gamma acts; G-protein beta-subunit binding (GO:0031681, already carried by GNG2 via IPI and IEA) captures the actual activity. Proposed replacements: G-protein beta-subunit binding Supporting Evidence: PMID:33961781 These networks model the interactome whose |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:35271311 OpenCell: Endogenous tagging for the cartography of human ce... | MODIFY | Summary: Protein binding IPI: GNB1 partner detected in the OpenCell endogenous-tagging interactome. Reason: Generic protein binding is uninformative. The interaction partner is a G-protein beta subunit, and the Gbeta-Ggamma interaction is the obligate dimer through which G-gamma acts; G-protein beta-subunit binding (GO:0031681, already carried by GNG2 via IPI and IEA) captures the actual activity. Proposed replacements: G-protein beta-subunit binding Supporting Evidence: PMID:35271311 data science to systematically map the localization and |
| GO:0005834 heterotrimeric G-protein complex | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | ACCEPT | Summary: Heterotrimeric G-protein complex (IBA); consistent with abundant structural and biochemical evidence. Reason: GNG2 is a bona fide G-gamma subunit; membership in the heterotrimeric G protein is its defining property, supported directly by multiple IDA structures in this review. Supporting Evidence: PMID:29925951 assembled into a complex containing 5-HT1BR, donitriptan, mini-GO, Ξ²1 and Ξ³2 subunits PMID:32528175 An additional pFastBac-Dual baculovirus was made with human GΞ²1 and human GΞ³2 genes. |
| GO:0005834 heterotrimeric G-protein complex | IDA PMID:29925951 Cryo-EM structure of the serotonin 5-HT(1B) receptor coupled... | ACCEPT | Summary: 5-HT1B receptor cryo-EM structure with mini-Go heterotrimer containing Gbeta1gamma2. Direct structural evidence that GNG2 is a subunit of the Galpha-beta-gamma heterotrimer. Reason: Core location. Gbeta1gamma2 is the standard Gbetagamma in reconstituted receptor-G protein complexes; although these are insect-cell reconstitutions, they show directly that GNG2 assembles into functional heterotrimers that couple to GPCRs. Supporting Evidence: PMID:29925951 assembled into a complex containing 5-HT1BR, donitriptan, mini-GO, Ξ²1 and Ξ³2 subunits |
| GO:0005834 heterotrimeric G-protein complex | IDA PMID:33762731 Structural insights into the lipid and ligand regulation of ... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cryo-EM structures of 5-HT1A/1D/1E receptors bound to heterotrimeric G proteins. Direct structural evidence that GNG2 is a subunit of the Galpha-beta-gamma heterotrimer. Reason: Core location. Gbeta1gamma2 is the standard Gbetagamma in reconstituted receptor-G protein complexes; although these are insect-cell reconstitutions, they show directly that GNG2 assembles into functional heterotrimers that couple to GPCRs. Supporting Evidence: PMID:33762731 Here we report five structures of 5-HT receptor-G-protein |
| GO:0005834 heterotrimeric G-protein complex | IDA PMID:34239069 Structural basis for recognition of anti-migraine drug lasmi... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cryo-EM structure of the 5-HT1F-Gi complex bound to lasmiditan. Direct structural evidence that GNG2 is a subunit of the Galpha-beta-gamma heterotrimer. Reason: Core location. Gbeta1gamma2 is the standard Gbetagamma in reconstituted receptor-G protein complexes; although these are insect-cell reconstitutions, they show directly that GNG2 assembles into functional heterotrimers that couple to GPCRs. Supporting Evidence: PMID:34239069 For single-particle cryo-EM structural studies, we prepared the lasmiditan-bound 5-HT 1F βG i complex |
| GO:0005834 heterotrimeric G-protein complex | IEA GO_REF:0000002 | ACCEPT | Summary: Heterotrimeric G-protein complex (IEA); consistent with abundant structural and biochemical evidence. Reason: GNG2 is a bona fide G-gamma subunit; membership in the heterotrimeric G protein is its defining property, supported directly by multiple IDA structures in this review. Supporting Evidence: PMID:29925951 assembled into a complex containing 5-HT1BR, donitriptan, mini-GO, Ξ²1 and Ξ³2 subunits PMID:32528175 An additional pFastBac-Dual baculovirus was made with human GΞ²1 and human GΞ³2 genes. |
| GO:0005834 heterotrimeric G-protein complex | ISS GO_REF:0000024 | ACCEPT | Summary: Heterotrimeric G-protein complex (ISS); consistent with abundant structural and biochemical evidence. Reason: GNG2 is a bona fide G-gamma subunit; membership in the heterotrimeric G protein is its defining property, supported directly by multiple IDA structures in this review. Supporting Evidence: PMID:29925951 assembled into a complex containing 5-HT1BR, donitriptan, mini-GO, Ξ²1 and Ξ³2 subunits PMID:32528175 An additional pFastBac-Dual baculovirus was made with human GΞ²1 and human GΞ³2 genes. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | IEA GO_REF:0000044 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane, from UniProt subcellular location (cell membrane; lipid anchor, cytoplasmic side). Reason: GNG2 is geranylgeranylated and carboxymethylated at the C-terminal CaaX cysteine, anchoring Gbetagamma to the cytoplasmic face of the plasma membrane where it couples to GPCRs and effectors. Supporting Evidence: file:human/GNG2/GNG2-uniprot.txt SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane {ECO:0000305}; Lipid-anchor file:human/GNG2/GNG2-uniprot.txt S-geranylgeranyl cysteine |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-1013012 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-1013012, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. Supporting Evidence: Reactome:R-HSA-1013012 The release of G beta gamma from Gi/o enables binding of G beta gamma to GIRK/Kir3 K+ channels. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-1013013 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-1013013, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-1013020 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-1013020, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-112271 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-112271, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-114552 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-114552, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-114558 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-114558, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-167408 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-167408, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-167419 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-167419, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-167429 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-167429, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-167433 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-167433, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-379044 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-379044, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-379048 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-379048, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-380073 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-380073, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-392187 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-392187, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-392195 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-392195, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-392202 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-392202, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-392295 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-392295, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-392300 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-392300, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-392852 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-392852, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-392870 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-392870, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-3965444 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-3965444, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-3965447 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-3965447, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-396996 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-396996, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-397835 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-397835, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-397891 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-397891, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-398040 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-398040, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-398193 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-398193, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-418576 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-418576, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-420883 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-420883, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-428749 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-428749, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-428750 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-428750, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-428752 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-428752, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-428909 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-428909, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-428917 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-428917, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-428918 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-428918, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-500717 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-500717, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-6814418 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-6814418, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-744886 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-744886, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-744887 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-744887, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-749446 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-749446, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-749448 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-749448, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-749452 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-749452, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-749453 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-749453, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-749454 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-749454, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-749456 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-749456, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-750988 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-750988, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-750993 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-750993, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-751001 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-751001, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-751013 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-751013, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-751019 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-751019, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-751024 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-751024, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-751027 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-751027, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-751029 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-751029, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-751039 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-751039, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-825631 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-825631, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-8850560 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-8850560, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-8964241 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-8964241, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-8964271 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-8964271, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-8964317 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-8964317, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-8964599 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-8964599, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-8964604 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-8964604, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-8964605 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-8964605, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-8964614 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-8964614, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-8964634 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-8964634, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-8982637 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-8982637, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-8982640 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-8982640, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-9021600 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-9021600, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-9021601 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-9021601, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-9036301 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-9036301, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-9036307 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-9036307, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-9036308 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-9036308, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-9660819 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-9660819, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-9660824 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-9660824, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-9660828 | ACCEPT | Summary: Plasma membrane location asserted by Reactome reaction Reactome:R-HSA-9660828, in which a Gbetagamma (GNG2-containing) entity acts at the plasma membrane. Reason: This is a location claim only (not a pathway process annotation). All Reactome G protein reactions place Gbetagamma on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane, which is correct for the prenylated GNG2 subunit and agrees with the UniProt subcellular location. Rows to the same term reinforce each other. |
| GO:0007186 G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | ACCEPT | Summary: GPCR signaling pathway (IBA). Reason: As a subunit of the transducing heterotrimer, GNG2 does part of the work of GPCR signaling: the Gbetagamma dimer is required for receptor coupling and, after release, directly binds and regulates effectors such as GIRK channels. This is the appropriate process-level term for a promiscuous G-gamma. Supporting Evidence: file:human/GNG2/GNG2-uniprot.txt The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity PMID:23739333 The GΞ²Ξ³ subunits activate G protein-gated Inward Rectifier K+ (GIRK) channels, causing them to open |
| GO:0007186 G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway | IEA GO_REF:0000002 | ACCEPT | Summary: GPCR signaling pathway (IEA). Reason: As a subunit of the transducing heterotrimer, GNG2 does part of the work of GPCR signaling: the Gbetagamma dimer is required for receptor coupling and, after release, directly binds and regulates effectors such as GIRK channels. This is the appropriate process-level term for a promiscuous G-gamma. Supporting Evidence: file:human/GNG2/GNG2-uniprot.txt The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity PMID:23739333 The GΞ²Ξ³ subunits activate G protein-gated Inward Rectifier K+ (GIRK) channels, causing them to open |
| GO:0007191 adenylate cyclase-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway | ISS GO_REF:0000024 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Adenylate cyclase-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway, transferred by sequence similarity from bovine GNG2 (P63212). Reason: GNG2 forms heterotrimers with many Galpha subunits, including Gs-family alpha subunits, so participation in D1-type dopamine receptor signaling is plausible as one instance of its generic role in GPCR signaling. There is no evidence that GNG2 confers ligand or receptor specificity, so this ligand-specific pathway is peripheral to its core function (covered by GO:0007186). Supporting Evidence: PMID:25733868 So far, crystal structures of G proteins have only included the combinations Ξ² 1 Ξ³ 1 or Ξ² 1 Ξ³ 2 . |
| GO:0016020 membrane | ISS GO_REF:0000024 | MODIFY | Summary: Membrane (ISS from bovine GNG2). Reason: Correct but general; GNG2 is anchored by its geranylgeranyl group to the cytoplasmic face of the plasma membrane, a term GNG2 already carries (IEA and Reactome TAS). Proposed replacements: plasma membrane Supporting Evidence: file:human/GNG2/GNG2-uniprot.txt SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane {ECO:0000305}; Lipid-anchor |
| GO:0031681 G-protein beta-subunit binding | IEA GO_REF:0000002 | ACCEPT | Summary: G-protein beta-subunit binding, from the InterPro G-gamma family signature. Reason: The G-gamma fold forms a coiled coil with the G-beta N terminus and packs against the beta-propeller; this obligate interaction is the defining subunit activity and is confirmed experimentally for GNG2 with GNB1, GNB2 and GNB5. Supporting Evidence: PMID:12606627 observed that Gbeta5 could interact with Ggamma2 and Ggamma13, after their PMID:23739333 The full-length human G protein Ξ²1 and Ξ³2 subunits were cloned into pFastbac vectors. |
| GO:0031681 G-protein beta-subunit binding | IPI PMID:12606627 Direct interactions between the heterotrimeric G protein sub... | ACCEPT | Summary: Gbeta5 (GNB5) interacts with Ggamma2 in HEK293 cells by FRET. Reason: G-gamma subunits exist only as obligate dimers with G-beta; binding a G-beta subunit is the most informative subunit-level molecular function for GNG2. GNG2 pairs with several G-beta subunits (GNB1, GNB2, GNB5). Supporting Evidence: PMID:12606627 observed that Gbeta5 could interact with Ggamma2 and Ggamma13, after their |
| GO:0045202 synapse | IEA GO_REF:0000107 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Synapse, transferred by Ensembl Compara from mouse/rat orthologs (SynGO-type annotation). Reason: Ggamma2 is abundant in brain and Gbetagamma acts at synapses (e.g., activation of neuronal GIRK channels downstream of Gi/o-coupled receptors), so a synaptic location is plausible. It is a tissue-context location rather than the core plasma membrane location. Supporting Evidence: PMID:23739333 The GΞ²Ξ³ subunits activate G protein-gated Inward Rectifier K+ (GIRK) channels, causing them to open |
| GO:0070062 extracellular exosome | HDA PMID:20458337 MHC class II-associated proteins in B-cell exosomes and pote... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Detected in the proteome of B cell-derived exosomes (mass spectrometry). Reason: High-throughput proteomic detection; plasma-membrane-anchored Gbetagamma is plausibly carried into extracellular vesicles, but there is no evidence of an exosome-specific function. Supporting Evidence: PMID:20458337 proteome of highly purified B cell-derived exosomes using sensitive and accurate |
| GO:0071380 cellular response to prostaglandin E stimulus | ISS GO_REF:0000024 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Cellular response to prostaglandin E stimulus, transferred by ISS from bovine GNG2. Reason: Prostaglandin E receptors are GPCRs whose signals are transduced by heterotrimeric G proteins, so GNG2 could participate as a transducer subunit, but nothing about GNG2 is specific to this ligand. Peripheral to the core GPCR signaling role. Supporting Evidence: file:human/GNG2/GNG2-uniprot.txt The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase activity |
| GO:0071870 cellular response to catecholamine stimulus | ISS GO_REF:0000024 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Cellular response to catecholamine stimulus, transferred by ISS from bovine GNG2. Reason: Adrenergic and dopamine receptors couple to heterotrimers that can contain Gbeta1gamma2 (UniProt reports a GNAO1-GNB1-GNG2 complex associating with ADRB2 and DRD2), so participation is plausible, but GNG2 confers no catecholamine specificity. Peripheral to the core GPCR signaling role. Supporting Evidence: PMID:32528175 An additional pFastBac-Dual baculovirus was made with human GΞ²1 and human GΞ³2 genes. |
| GO:0099104 potassium channel activator activity | IDA PMID:23739333 X-ray structure of the mammalian GIRK2-Ξ²Ξ³ G-protein complex. | ACCEPT | Summary: Purified Gbeta1gamma2 binds GIRK2 and is sufficient to activate the channel in reconstitution; crystal structure of the GIRK2-Gbetagamma complex. Reason: Direct structural and functional evidence that the GNG2-containing Gbetagamma dimer binds and opens GIRK (Kir3) channels, the classical membrane-delimited effector function of Gbetagamma downstream of Gi/o-coupled receptors. The activity is a property of the Gbeta-Ggamma dimer; GNG2 contributes the prenyl anchor and the gamma subunit of the effector-binding unit. Supporting Evidence: PMID:23739333 these reconstitution experiments show that GΞ²Ξ³ by itself is sufficient to activate the GIRK channel. PMID:23739333 The full-length human G protein Ξ²1 and Ξ³2 subunits were cloned into pFastbac vectors. |
| GO:0031680 G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex | IDA PMID:23739333 X-ray structure of the mammalian GIRK2-Ξ²Ξ³ G-protein complex. | NEW | Summary: The free Gbeta1gamma2 dimer, released from Galpha after receptor activation, is the species that binds and activates GIRK channels; it was purified and crystallised with GIRK2. Reason: GNG2 carries the heterotrimeric G-protein complex term but not the Gbetagamma dimer term, although its effector activity (GIRK activation, already annotated) is exerted by the dissociated dimer. Comparator check: other G-gamma subunits in the same role carry GO:0031680 by experiment (S. cerevisiae STE18, S. pombe git5, rat Gng5). This is a cellular-component claim about complex membership, not a process claim. Supporting Evidence: PMID:23739333 these reconstitution experiments show that GΞ²Ξ³ by itself is sufficient to activate the GIRK channel. PMID:23739333 The full-length human G protein Ξ²1 and Ξ³2 subunits were cloned into pFastbac vectors. PMID:42870023 we used a single virus containing the genes for both the human GΞ²1 and GΞ³2 subunits |
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Download this section (compressed HTML)Q: Which Gbeta/Ggamma combinations are actually used in vivo by specific receptors in specific tissues? Gbeta1gamma2 dominates structural studies because it is convenient to express, so do the many cryo-EM structures say anything about the physiological Ggamma partner of each receptor?
Q: UniProt describes GNG2 as involved in bitter, sweet and umami taste transduction based on TAS2R14 and TAS1R2/TAS1R3 complexes reconstituted with Gbeta1gamma2. Is GNG2 expressed in and required for taste receptor cell signaling, or is the native gustducin Gbetagamma a different combination?
Q: Does GNG2 confer any effector selectivity (e.g., GIRK vs. PLCbeta vs. adenylyl cyclase vs. PI3Kgamma) compared with other Ggamma subunits, or is effector choice determined by the Gbeta subunit and prenyl group?
Experiment: Knock out or acutely degrade GNG2 in cultured neurons and measure GABA-B or opioid receptor-evoked GIRK currents, with rescue by GNG2 versus other Ggamma subunits (e.g. GNG3, GNG4) to test for subunit selectivity.
Hypothesis: GNG2 is the principal Ggamma partner for Gi/o-mediated GIRK activation in neurons.
Type: knockout with rescue and electrophysiology
Experiment: Single-cell RNA-seq and immunostaining of type II taste cells for GNG2 and GNG13, followed by conditional GNG2 deletion and taste behavioral/nerve recordings.
Hypothesis: Native taste receptor cells use Ggamma13 rather than Ggamma2 for gustducin signaling.
Type: expression profiling and conditional knockout
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