GPKOW is a nuclear MOS2-family protein with G-patch and KOW domains. It binds RNA and DHX16/hPrp2 and participates in spliceosomal pre-mRNA processing. Pathogenic GPKOW variants cause X-linked developmental disorders involving growth, brain and eye abnormalities.
| GO Term | Evidence | Action | Reason |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0000398 mRNA splicing, via spliceosome | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | ACCEPT | Reason: The Eukaryota IBD includes the target and legitimate self evidence; human splicing assays corroborate the inherited function. |
| GO:0000398 mRNA splicing, via spliceosome | IEA GO_REF:0000002 | ACCEPT | Reason: Human splicing experiments corroborate this electronic assignment. Supporting Evidence: |
| GO:0000398 mRNA splicing, via spliceosome | IMP PMID:25296192 GPKOW is essential for pre-mRNA splicing inΒ vitro and suppre... | ACCEPT | Reason: Depletion/add-back supports splicing, with partial rescue and DHX16 codepletion. Supporting Evidence: |
| GO:0000398 mRNA splicing, via spliceosome | NAS PMID:33509932 Structure of the activated human minor spliceosome. | ACCEPT | Reason: Minor-spliceosome membership supports participation; only GPKOW residues 18β30 are structurally resolved. Supporting Evidence: file:human/GPKOW/GPKOW-uniprot.txt minor spliceosome, which splices U12-type |
| GO:0003676 nucleic acid binding | IEA GO_REF:0000002 | TOO GENERAL | Summary: Prefer the existing RNA-binding specificity. Reason: The existing RNA-binding term is an is_a descendant of nucleic acid binding; it retains the informative specificity without a second broad binding assertion. |
| GO:0003723 RNA binding | IDA PMID:21880142 G-patch domain and KOW motifs-containing protein, GPKOW; a n... | ACCEPT | Reason: Cellular RNA association is corroborated by purified-protein binding. |
| GO:0003723 RNA binding | IMP PMID:25296192 GPKOW is essential for pre-mRNA splicing inΒ vitro and suppre... | ACCEPT | Reason: Purified-protein binding supports the retained IMP context. Supporting Evidence: |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:16491121 Smad6 is a protein kinase X phosphorylation substrate and is... | MODIFY | Reason: The abstract explicitly identifies T54 as a PRKX partner by two-hybrid and co-immunoprecipitation; refine to kinase binding. Proposed replacements: protein kinase binding Supporting Evidence: |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:21044950 Genome-wide YFP fluorescence complementation screen identifi... | REMOVE | Reason: Retain the curated TERF2IP association; generic binding does not specify a GPKOW activity. Supporting Evidence: |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:21516116 Next-generation sequencing to generate interactome datasets. | REMOVE | Reason: Retain the curated SH3GL1 interaction from this human interactome screen; the generic term is uninformative. Supporting Evidence: |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:21880142 G-patch domain and KOW motifs-containing protein, GPKOW; a n... | MODIFY | Reason: Human CΞ²2 interacts with GPKOW in yeast and variably by co-immunoprecipitation. Refine to PKA catalytic-subunit binding without assigning kinase activity to GPKOW. Proposed replacements: protein kinase A catalytic subunit binding Supporting Evidence: |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:22365833 Dynamic protein-protein interaction wiring of the human spli... | REMOVE | Reason: Retain the curated spliceosomal interaction; remove the uninformative term. Supporting Evidence: |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:22365833 Dynamic protein-protein interaction wiring of the human spli... | MODIFY | Reason: Targeted human hPRP2βGPKOW binding and competition assays support helicase binding; the proposed recruitment model does not establish obligatory helicase activation. Proposed replacements: DEAD/H-box RNA helicase binding Supporting Evidence: |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:22365833 Dynamic protein-protein interaction wiring of the human spli... | REMOVE | Reason: Retain the curated spliceosomal interaction; remove the uninformative term. Supporting Evidence: |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:22365833 Dynamic protein-protein interaction wiring of the human spli... | REMOVE | Reason: Retain the curated spliceosomal interaction; remove the uninformative term. Supporting Evidence: |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:22365833 Dynamic protein-protein interaction wiring of the human spli... | MODIFY | Reason: Targeted human hPRP16βGPKOW competition assays support helicase binding, without establishing helicase activation or a fixed native recruitment sequence. Proposed replacements: DEAD/H-box RNA helicase binding Supporting Evidence: |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:22365833 Dynamic protein-protein interaction wiring of the human spli... | REMOVE | Reason: Retain the curated spliceosomal interaction; remove the uninformative term. Supporting Evidence: |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:25296192 GPKOW is essential for pre-mRNA splicing inΒ vitro and suppre... | MODIFY | Reason: Mutant-sensitive, RNase-resistant DHX16 binding supports this refinement; DHX16 was supplied in cell lysate. Proposed replacements: DEAD/H-box RNA helicase binding Supporting Evidence: |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:25416956 A proteome-scale map of the human interactome network. | REMOVE | Reason: Retain the verified TRIM23 two-hybrid interaction; remove the uninformative term. Supporting Evidence: |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:25416956 A proteome-scale map of the human interactome network. | REMOVE | Reason: Retain the verified Q08379 two-hybrid interaction; remove the uninformative term. Supporting Evidence: |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:25416956 A proteome-scale map of the human interactome network. | REMOVE | Reason: Retain the verified Q12933 two-hybrid interaction; remove the uninformative term. Supporting Evidence: |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:25416956 A proteome-scale map of the human interactome network. | REMOVE | Reason: Retain the verified Q15560 two-hybrid interaction; remove the uninformative term. Supporting Evidence: |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:25416956 A proteome-scale map of the human interactome network. | REMOVE | Reason: Retain the verified Q2TAC2 two-hybrid interaction; remove the uninformative term. Supporting Evidence: |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:25416956 A proteome-scale map of the human interactome network. | REMOVE | Reason: Retain the verified Q6FGM0 two-hybrid interaction; remove the uninformative term. Supporting Evidence: |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:25416956 A proteome-scale map of the human interactome network. | REMOVE | Reason: Retain the verified BUD13 two-hybrid interaction; remove the uninformative term. Supporting Evidence: |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:25416956 A proteome-scale map of the human interactome network. | REMOVE | Reason: Retain the verified Q9HAT0 two-hybrid interaction; remove the uninformative term. Supporting Evidence: |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:28514442 Architecture of the human interactome defines protein commun... | MODIFY | Reason: Retain DHX16 co-complex association; targeted experiments independently support helicase binding, without establishing activation. Proposed replacements: DEAD/H-box RNA helicase binding |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:28514442 Architecture of the human interactome defines protein commun... | REMOVE | Reason: Retain the BUD13 AP-MS association; the generic term adds no informative molecular function. Supporting Evidence: |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:30021884 Histone Interaction Landscapes Visualized by Crosslinking Ma... | REMOVE | Reason: Retain nuclear HNRNPC crosslinking evidence and its extension; the generic binding term is uninformative. Supporting Evidence: |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:31515488 Extensive disruption of protein interactions by genetic vari... | REMOVE | Reason: Retain the TRIM23 interaction; the variant-screen record does not assign a mutant identity to this unsuffixed annotation. Supporting Evidence: |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:31515488 Extensive disruption of protein interactions by genetic vari... | REMOVE | Reason: Retain the Q08379 interaction; remove the uninformative term without projecting variant effects onto canonical GPKOW. Supporting Evidence: |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:31515488 Extensive disruption of protein interactions by genetic vari... | REMOVE | Reason: Retain the Q12933 interaction; remove the uninformative term without projecting variant effects onto canonical GPKOW. Supporting Evidence: |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:31515488 Extensive disruption of protein interactions by genetic vari... | REMOVE | Reason: Retain the Q15560 interaction; remove the uninformative term without projecting variant effects onto canonical GPKOW. Supporting Evidence: |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:31515488 Extensive disruption of protein interactions by genetic vari... | REMOVE | Reason: Retain the BUD13 interaction; remove the uninformative term without projecting variant effects onto canonical GPKOW. Supporting Evidence: |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:32296183 A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. | REMOVE | Reason: Uninformative term; interaction retained. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:32296183 A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. | REMOVE | Reason: Uninformative term; interaction retained. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:32296183 A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. | REMOVE | Reason: Uninformative term; interaction retained. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:32296183 A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. | REMOVE | Reason: Uninformative term; interaction retained. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:32296183 A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. | REMOVE | Reason: Uninformative term; interaction retained. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:32296183 A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. | REMOVE | Reason: Uninformative term; interaction retained. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:32296183 A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. | REMOVE | Reason: Uninformative term; interaction retained. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:32296183 A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. | REMOVE | Reason: Uninformative term; interaction retained. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:32296183 A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. | REMOVE | Reason: Uninformative term; interaction retained. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:32296183 A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. | REMOVE | Reason: Uninformative term; interaction retained. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:32296183 A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. | REMOVE | Reason: Uninformative term; interaction retained. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:32296183 A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. | REMOVE | Reason: Uninformative term; interaction retained. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:32296183 A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. | REMOVE | Reason: Uninformative term; interaction retained. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:32296183 A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. | REMOVE | Reason: Uninformative term; interaction retained. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:32296183 A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. | REMOVE | Reason: Uninformative term; interaction retained. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:32296183 A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. | REMOVE | Reason: Uninformative term; interaction retained. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:32296183 A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. | REMOVE | Reason: Uninformative term; interaction retained. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:32296183 A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. | REMOVE | Reason: Uninformative term; interaction retained. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:32296183 A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. | REMOVE | Reason: Uninformative term; interaction retained. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:32296183 A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. | REMOVE | Reason: Uninformative term; interaction retained. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:32296183 A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. | REMOVE | Reason: Uninformative term; interaction retained. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:32296183 A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. | REMOVE | Reason: Uninformative term; interaction retained. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:32296183 A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. | REMOVE | Reason: Uninformative term; interaction retained. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:32296183 A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. | REMOVE | Reason: Uninformative term; interaction retained. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:32296183 A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. | REMOVE | Reason: Uninformative term; interaction retained. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:32296183 A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. | REMOVE | Reason: Uninformative term; interaction retained. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:32296183 A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. | REMOVE | Reason: Uninformative term; interaction retained. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:32296183 A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. | REMOVE | Reason: Uninformative term; interaction retained. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:32296183 A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. | REMOVE | Reason: Uninformative term; interaction retained. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:32296183 A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. | REMOVE | Reason: Uninformative term; interaction retained. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:32296183 A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. | REMOVE | Reason: Uninformative term; interaction retained. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:32296183 A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. | REMOVE | Reason: Uninformative term; interaction retained. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:32296183 A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. | REMOVE | Reason: Uninformative term; interaction retained. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:32296183 A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. | REMOVE | Reason: Uninformative term; interaction retained. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:32296183 A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. | REMOVE | Reason: Uninformative term; interaction retained. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:32296183 A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. | REMOVE | Reason: Uninformative term; interaction retained. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:32296183 A reference map of the human binary protein interactome. | REMOVE | Reason: Uninformative term; interaction retained. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:33961781 Dual proteome-scale networks reveal cell-specific remodeling... | MODIFY | Reason: Retain the cell-specific DHX16 associations; targeted experiments independently justify helicase binding. Proposed replacements: DEAD/H-box RNA helicase binding |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:33961781 Dual proteome-scale networks reveal cell-specific remodeling... | REMOVE | Reason: Retain the BUD13 co-complex association; remove the uninformative term without claiming binary binding. Supporting Evidence: |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:39251607 Systematic identification of post-transcriptional regulatory... | MODIFY | Reason: Proximity labeling is not binary binding; targeted DHX16 experiments independently justify the helicase-binding refinement. Proposed replacements: DEAD/H-box RNA helicase binding |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:39251607 Systematic identification of post-transcriptional regulatory... | REMOVE | Reason: Retain the HNRNPC proximity and nuclear extension; remove the uninformative term without inferring direct contact. Supporting Evidence: |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:40205054 Multimodal cell maps as a foundation for structural and func... | MODIFY | Reason: The original U2OS network contains DHX16; targeted experiments independently ground helicase binding. Proposed replacements: DEAD/H-box RNA helicase binding |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:40205054 Multimodal cell maps as a foundation for structural and func... | REMOVE | Reason: Retain the original U2OS GPKOWβBUD13 edge; remove the uninformative term without inferring direct contact. Supporting Evidence: |
| GO:0005634 nucleus | IDA PMID:21880142 G-patch domain and KOW motifs-containing protein, GPKOW; a n... | TOO GENERAL | Reason: The accepted located_in nucleoplasm annotation entails located_in nucleus through the part_of relation. These rows concern the same canonical product without distinct extensions; retain the more specific localization. |
| GO:0005634 nucleus | IDA PMID:25296192 GPKOW is essential for pre-mRNA splicing inΒ vitro and suppre... | TOO GENERAL | Reason: The accepted located_in nucleoplasm annotation entails located_in nucleus through the part_of relation. These rows concern the same canonical product without distinct extensions; retain the more specific localization. |
| GO:0005634 nucleus | IEA GO_REF:0000044 | TOO GENERAL | Reason: The accepted located_in nucleoplasm annotation entails located_in nucleus through the part_of relation. These rows concern the same canonical product without distinct extensions; retain the more specific localization. |
| GO:0005654 nucleoplasm | IDA GO_REF:0000052 | ACCEPT | Summary: Retain the nucleoplasm localization. Reason: The current HPA page reports enhanced-reliability nucleoplasmic localization with HPA000287 and HPA001894 in A-431, U-251MG and U2OS cells. No independent image reanalysis is claimed. Supporting Evidence: GO_REF:0000052 |
| GO:0005654 nucleoplasm | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-9770131 | ACCEPT | Reason: The event contains human Q92917 in the nucleoplasmic Bact input and as a released nucleoplasmic output. Its exact GPKOW entity supports this location; release does not establish membership in the B-star output complex. Supporting Evidence: Reactome:R-HSA-9770131 file:human/GPKOW/GPKOW-evidence.json |
| GO:0005654 nucleoplasm | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-9770145 | ACCEPT | Reason: Human Q92917 is an explicit nucleoplasmic input and a component of the nucleoplasmic Bact output. The target entity itself supports this location, rather than only the compartment of a parent event. Supporting Evidence: Reactome:R-HSA-9770145 file:human/GPKOW/GPKOW-evidence.json |
| GO:0005654 nucleoplasm | TAS Reactome:R-HSA-9921507 | ACCEPT | Reason: The nucleoplasmic input complex and NS5-bound output both resolve to the human Q92917 entity in the nucleoplasm. This supports the location annotation without asserting direct GPKOW-NS5 binding. Supporting Evidence: Reactome:R-HSA-9921507 file:human/GPKOW/GPKOW-evidence.json |
| GO:0005681 spliceosomal complex | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | ACCEPT | Reason: Retain broad spliceosomal membership: human evidence covers major and minor assemblies, and U12 membership does not replace the major-spliceosome context. |
| GO:0005681 spliceosomal complex | IDA PMID:25296192 GPKOW is essential for pre-mRNA splicing inΒ vitro and suppre... | ACCEPT | Reason: GPKOW associates with pre-mRNA/intermediates during major B/C-complex assembly. Supporting Evidence: |
| GO:0071018 U12-type catalytic step 2 spliceosome | IPI PMID:33509932 Structure of the activated human minor spliceosome. | MODIFY | Reason: GPKOW residues 18β30 occur in pre-branching Bact. Step 2 requires prior cleavage; step 1 defines catalytically active B*. Preserve U12-complex membership pending stage clarification. Proposed replacements: U12-type spliceosomal complex Supporting Evidence: file:human/GPKOW/GPKOW-evidence.json file:human/GPKOW/GPKOW-uniprot.txt minor spliceosome, which splices U12-type |
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