# Citations for Research Query **Query:** # Literature evidence for LGALS3 (Homo sapiens): LGALS3 has IgE binding (GO:0019863). Gene/protein: LGALS3. Organism: Homo sapiens (NCBITaxon:9606). Claim to support or refute with independent experimental literature: LGALS3 has IgE binding (GO:0019863). Key context: - Term: IgE binding (GO:0019863) - Existing evidence type: IBA - Original reference: GO_REF:0000033 Retrieve primary experimental papers that directly test this claim for LGALS3 (or a well-supported ortholog): assays, mutant phenotypes, localisation, interactions, or structures. ## How to use this prompt You are searching for **independent literature support for the single gene-function hypothesis stated above**. The hypothesis is a plain claim that a gene product has a particular molecular function, biological role, or cellular location. Find primary (or well-justified orthologous) evidence that **confirms or refutes** that claim for this specific gene. This is a recall-oriented search: surface every plausible piece of supporting evidence, but make each candidate **independently checkable** so a downstream curator or agent can filter false positives. This is not a general gene overview, and any prior curation decision shown in the context is intentionally neutralised — judge the hypothesis on the external evidence, not on the existing annotation. A common use of this template is confirming annotations that currently rest only on phylogenetic inference (evidence code IBA, propagated from PANTHER `GO_REF:0000033`), but it applies to any gene-function hypothesis. ## Focus - **Focus type:** function_support - **Hypothesis slug:** function-support-go-0019863 - **Source file:** genes/human/LGALS3/LGALS3-ai-review.yaml - **Source selector:** existing_annotations[8] ## Reference Context - GO_REF:0000033 ## Source Context YAML ```yaml term: id: GO:0019863 label: IgE binding evidence_type: IBA original_reference_id: GO_REF:0000033 ``` ## Research Objective Find the strongest available **independent** evidence bearing on whether the hypothesis is true for LGALS3. Prioritise, in order: 1. Direct experimental evidence in LGALS3 itself (the named gene in the named organism): assays, mutant phenotypes, localisation, interactions, structures. 2. Direct experimental evidence in a clearly orthologous gene, where the orthology is well established and the function is expected to be conserved. 3. Strong indirect or computational evidence (domain architecture, conserved motifs, structural homology, operon/pathway context), reported conservatively. Prefer **PMID** citations; include **DOI** citations when no PMID is available. Treat reviews and database records as orientation only — cite the underlying primary papers wherever possible. **Expect false positives.** This pipeline is tuned for recall, so a downstream curator/agent will sift your results. For every candidate you must therefore provide an **exact verbatim snippet** from the source that can be checked, plus enough context (organism, assay, gene actually studied) to detect paralog confusion, wrong-organism carry-over, or claims that are really about a different gene. ## Required Output ### Executive Judgment State whether independent support exists: **supported** (with strong primary evidence), **partially / indirectly supported**, **unresolved** (no independent evidence found), or **refuted**. One short paragraph; lead with the verdict. ### Evidence Matrix A table with one row per candidate evidence item: - Citation (PMID preferred; DOI otherwise) - Gene/protein actually studied (and organism) — flag if it is an ortholog or a paralog - Evidence type (direct assay, mutant phenotype, localization, interaction, structural/evolutionary, computational, review/database) - Supports / refutes / qualifies - Exact verbatim snippet to verify (quote the source) - Key finding in your own words - Confidence and the most important caveat (false-positive risk) ### Best Supporting References List the 1–3 references most suitable to add to the review's `supported_by` for this hypothesis, each with the exact snippet a curator should confirm. If none qualify, say so explicitly. ### Conflicts and Alternatives Note any evidence that contradicts the hypothesis or that points to paralog confusion, organism-specific differences, isoform-specific findings, or database carry-over. ### Knowledge Gaps If no adequate independent evidence exists, state what was searched, why the gap matters, and what evidence or experiment would resolve it. **Provider:** asta **Generated:** 2026-06-22T04:46:38.340354 1. Fu-Tong Liu, Gabriel A. Rabinovich (2010). Galectins: regulators of acute and chronic inflammation. Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/83c612d18547a49a6e5a5966b75f7c2f75db351c 2. Kui Wang, Shuyue Fu, Lixia Dong, Dingyue Zhang, Mao Wang et al. (2023). Periplocin suppresses the growth of colorectal cancer cells by triggering LGALS3 (galectin 3)-mediated lysophagy. Autophagy. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/3dadfc351823c4e325e65c171ab3765871189c80 3. Kevin A. Maupin, Daniel T. Dick, Vari Vivarium, Transgenics Core, B. Williams (2020). Mutation of the galectin‐3 glycan‐binding domain ( Lgals3‐R200S) enhances cortical bone expansion in male mice and trabecular bone mass in female mice. FEBS Open Bio. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/6ab62ea9acc6fef617d0b1f237c1a477f45b05c7 4. Saleh M. Ramezani, Arianna Parkhideh, P. Bhattacharya, M. Farach-Carson, D. Harrington (2021). Beyond Colonoscopy: Exploring New Cell Surface Biomarkers for Detection of Early, Heterogenous Colorectal Lesions. Frontiers in Oncology. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/4b48091d0ad86a2121491218707db23e88605000 5. Qin Xia, Hanfei Zheng, Yang Li, Wanting Xu, Chengwei Wu et al. (2023). SMURF1 controls the PPP3/calcineurin complex and TFEB at a regulatory node for lysosomal biogenesis. Autophagy. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/7ab13fe72fa12a55aa9304ce52199d1494c8974a 6. Aditi Bauskar, W. Mack, J. Mauris, P. Argüeso, M. Heur et al. (2015). Clusterin Seals the Ocular Surface Barrier in Mouse Dry Eye. PLoS ONE. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/ddc53237e6b4b7c325cb047e4eaf34098273148e 7. Yinghui Ren, Yongmei Qian, Qicheng Zhang, Xiaoping Li, Mingjiang Li et al. (2024). High LGALS3 expression induced by HCP5/hsa-miR-27b-3p correlates with poor prognosis and tumor immune infiltration in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Cell International. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/552bd37c67dea75d0c33a9a0de2acdafcf0dcf6e 8. A. Montero‐Calle, Á. López-Janeiro, Marta L. Mendes, Daniel Perez-Hernandez, Irene Echevarría et al. (2023). In-depth quantitative proteomics analysis revealed C1GALT1 depletion in ECC-1 cells mimics an aggressive endometrial cancer phenotype observed in cancer patients with low C1GALT1 expression. Cellular Oncology. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/92b64e01bcb30f7457ddb8cc4be26de8b0c7cf69 9. Mi Guan, Yanping Ma, S. Shah, G. Romano (2016). Thyroid malignant neoplasm-associated biomarkers as targets for oncolytic virotherapy. Oncolytic Virotherapy. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/9f79d851e32ad25e83c0a2d64e12919bf81a89f8 10. Alexander J. Knights, Jinfen. J. Yik, Hanapi Mat Jusoh, Laura J. Norton, Alister P. W. Funnell et al. (2016). Krüppel-like Factor 3 (KLF3/BKLF) Is Required for Widespread Repression of the Inflammatory Modulator Galectin-3 (Lgals3)*. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/dce84b7faec66ad9234b04f596d036ed32078971 11. P. Ruvolo, Chenyue W. Hu, Y. Qiu, V. Ruvolo, Robin L. Go et al. (2019). LGALS3 is connected to CD74 in a previously unknown protein network that is associated with poor survival in patients with AML. EBioMedicine. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/46bbdbcb4660389e13acba24499cc415d75f18e0 12. Runji Chen, D. McVey, D. Shen, Xiaoxin Huang, Shu Ye (2023). Phenotypic Switching of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells in Atherosclerosis. Journal of the American Heart Association: Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/472c313e2214a97757712ab0a8b39b133bd6a6bc 13. Wan-Ming Hu, Yuan-Zhong Yang, Tian Zhang, Changling Qin, Xuenong Li (2020). LGALS3 Is a Poor Prognostic Factor in Diffusely Infiltrating Gliomas and Is Closely Correlated With CD163+ Tumor-Associated Macrophages. Frontiers in Medicine. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/53b083f91a08aefebb5f9edaaa95625e2dc98f2b 14. M. Guittaut, Stéphane Charpentier, Thierry Normand, Martine Dubois, J. Raimond et al. (2001). Identification of an Internal Gene to the Human Galectin-3 Gene with Two Different Overlapping Reading Frames That Do Not Encode Galectin-3*. The Journal of Biological Chemistry. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/75ca62f4b6eb66b3bcdac062664da410941fdcaa