PPP3CA

UniProt ID: Q08209
Organism: Homo sapiens
Review Status: DRAFT
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Gene Description

PPP3CA encodes calcineurin catalytic subunit A alpha, a calcium/calmodulin-activated serine/threonine phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.16) that functions in the calcineurin holoenzyme to dephosphorylate signaling substrates including NFAT-family transcription factors. Its core roles are phosphoprotein dephosphorylation and calcineurin-NFAT pathway signaling, with additional context-dependent functions in neuronal, immune, muscle, and renal physiology.

Existing Annotations Review

GO Term Evidence Action Reason
GO:0005737 cytoplasm
IBA
GO_REF:0000033
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytoplasmic localization is consistent with established PPP3CA signaling biology [PMID:19154138, PMID:22343722].
Reason: PPP3CA acts on cytoplasmic signaling substrates and scaffolded signaling complexes.
GO:0005829 cytosol
IBA
GO_REF:0000033
ACCEPT
Summary: PPP3CA/calcineurin functions in the cytosol in Ca2+-dependent signaling complexes [PMID:22343722].
Reason: Cytosolic localization is consistent with canonical calcineurin signaling and substrate dephosphorylation.
GO:0005955 calcineurin complex
IBA
GO_REF:0000033
ACCEPT
Summary: PPP3CA is the catalytic subunit of the calcineurin complex [PMID:12218175, PMID:12357034, PMID:23468591].
Reason: Complex membership is definitive and foundational to PPP3CA biology.
GO:0033192 calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase activity
IBA
GO_REF:0000033
ACCEPT
Summary: PPP3CA is a calmodulin-dependent serine/threonine phosphatase (calcineurin) [PMID:19154138, PMID:23468591].
Reason: This term captures the specific enzymatic mechanism of PPP3CA.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/PPP3CA/PPP3CA-deep-research-falcon.md
model: Edison Scientific Literature
GO:0005516 calmodulin binding
IBA
GO_REF:0000033
ACCEPT
Summary: Calmodulin binding is central to calcineurin activation and is well supported for PPP3CA [PMID:18384083, PMID:19404396].
Reason: PPP3CA activation requires Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent engagement of its regulatory region, making this a core molecular function.
GO:0033173 calcineurin-NFAT signaling cascade
IBA
GO_REF:0000033
ACCEPT
Summary: PPP3CA is a core mediator of calcineurin-NFAT signaling through NFAT dephosphorylation [PMID:22343722, PMID:26248042, PMID:8631904].
Reason: NFAT-pathway coupling is a principal validated function of calcineurin catalytic subunits.
GO:0004722 protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity
IEA
GO_REF:0000120
ACCEPT
Summary: PPP3CA is a protein serine/threonine phosphatase catalytic subunit [PMID:19154138, PMID:30718414].
Reason: This is a core molecular-function annotation directly matching the known enzyme class.
GO:0005737 cytoplasm
IEA
GO_REF:0000044
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytoplasmic localization is consistent with established PPP3CA signaling biology [PMID:19154138, PMID:22343722].
Reason: PPP3CA acts on cytoplasmic signaling substrates and scaffolded signaling complexes.
GO:0005886 plasma membrane
IEA
GO_REF:0000044
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: PPP3CA can be recruited to the plasma membrane by scaffolds such as AKAP79 [PMID:22343722].
Reason: Membrane recruitment is experimentally supported but is context-dependent rather than the universal core state.
GO:0016787 hydrolase activity
IEA
GO_REF:0000002
MODIFY
Summary: Hydrolase activity is correct but overly broad for PPP3CA.
Reason: A more specific phosphatase term better represents known catalytic chemistry for calcineurin A alpha.
IEA
GO_REF:0000044
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Z-disc association is described in muscle-context interaction studies [PMID:11114196, PMID:11842093].
Reason: Contextual localization in muscle; not a universal core location.
GO:0033173 calcineurin-NFAT signaling cascade
IEA
GO_REF:0000117
ACCEPT
Summary: PPP3CA is a core mediator of calcineurin-NFAT signaling through NFAT dephosphorylation [PMID:22343722, PMID:26248042, PMID:8631904].
Reason: NFAT-pathway coupling is a principal validated function of calcineurin catalytic subunits.
GO:0033192 calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase activity
IEA
GO_REF:0000120
ACCEPT
Summary: PPP3CA is a calmodulin-dependent serine/threonine phosphatase (calcineurin) [PMID:19154138, PMID:23468591].
Reason: This term captures the specific enzymatic mechanism of PPP3CA.
GO:0042383 sarcolemma
IEA
GO_REF:0000044
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Sarcolemma localization is supported in muscle-related contexts [PMID:15955804].
Reason: Context-specific localization; not the most general core compartment term.
GO:0043197 dendritic spine
IEA
GO_REF:0000044
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Dendritic-spine localization is plausible in neuronal signaling contexts [PMID:22343722].
Reason: Supported in specific cellular contexts but not a universal core localization.
GO:0097720 calcineurin-mediated signaling
IEA
GO_REF:0000002
ACCEPT
Summary: Calcineurin-mediated signaling is a direct and central biological-process role of PPP3CA.
Reason: This is a core pathway-level annotation aligned with extensive calcineurin literature.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:12577067
A proteomics strategy to elucidate functional protein-protei...
REMOVE
Summary: Generic protein-binding annotations from interaction screens are not functionally informative for PPP3CA.
Reason: PPP3CA has many interaction partners, but GO:0005515 does not capture its specific calcineurin phosphatase function or pathway role.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:16189514
Towards a proteome-scale map of the human protein-protein in...
REMOVE
Summary: Generic protein-binding annotations from interaction screens are not functionally informative for PPP3CA.
Reason: PPP3CA has many interaction partners, but GO:0005515 does not capture its specific calcineurin phosphatase function or pathway role.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:17474147
Systematic identification of SH3 domain-mediated human prote...
REMOVE
Summary: Generic protein-binding annotations from interaction screens are not functionally informative for PPP3CA.
Reason: PPP3CA has many interaction partners, but GO:0005515 does not capture its specific calcineurin phosphatase function or pathway role.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:19896943
WITHDRAWN: USP14 stabilizes calcineurin and regulates NFAT/A...
REMOVE
Summary: Generic protein-binding annotations from interaction screens are not functionally informative for PPP3CA.
Reason: PPP3CA has many interaction partners, but GO:0005515 does not capture its specific calcineurin phosphatase function or pathway role.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:21900206
A directed protein interaction network for investigating int...
REMOVE
Summary: Generic protein-binding annotations from interaction screens are not functionally informative for PPP3CA.
Reason: PPP3CA has many interaction partners, but GO:0005515 does not capture its specific calcineurin phosphatase function or pathway role.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:24418105
Direct association of the unique C-terminal tail of transmem...
REMOVE
Summary: Generic protein-binding annotations from interaction screens are not functionally informative for PPP3CA.
Reason: PPP3CA has many interaction partners, but GO:0005515 does not capture its specific calcineurin phosphatase function or pathway role.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:25416956
A proteome-scale map of the human interactome network.
REMOVE
Summary: Generic protein-binding annotations from interaction screens are not functionally informative for PPP3CA.
Reason: PPP3CA has many interaction partners, but GO:0005515 does not capture its specific calcineurin phosphatase function or pathway role.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:32814053
Interactome Mapping Provides a Network of Neurodegenerative ...
REMOVE
Summary: Generic protein-binding annotations from interaction screens are not functionally informative for PPP3CA.
Reason: PPP3CA has many interaction partners, but GO:0005515 does not capture its specific calcineurin phosphatase function or pathway role.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:33961781
Dual proteome-scale networks reveal cell-specific remodeling...
REMOVE
Summary: Generic protein-binding annotations from interaction screens are not functionally informative for PPP3CA.
Reason: PPP3CA has many interaction partners, but GO:0005515 does not capture its specific calcineurin phosphatase function or pathway role.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:37398436
AI-guided pipeline for protein-protein interaction drug disc...
REMOVE
Summary: Generic protein-binding annotations from interaction screens are not functionally informative for PPP3CA.
Reason: PPP3CA has many interaction partners, but GO:0005515 does not capture its specific calcineurin phosphatase function or pathway role.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:8524402
Crystal structures of human calcineurin and the human FKBP12...
REMOVE
Summary: Generic protein-binding annotations from interaction screens are not functionally informative for PPP3CA.
Reason: PPP3CA has many interaction partners, but GO:0005515 does not capture its specific calcineurin phosphatase function or pathway role.
GO:0005829 cytosol
NAS
PMID:22343722
Balanced interactions of calcineurin with AKAP79 regulate Ca...
ACCEPT
Summary: PPP3CA/calcineurin functions in the cytosol in Ca2+-dependent signaling complexes [PMID:22343722].
Reason: Cytosolic localization is consistent with canonical calcineurin signaling and substrate dephosphorylation.
GO:0005829 cytosol
NAS
PMID:28126489
The protein serine/threonine phosphatases PP2A, PP1 and calc...
ACCEPT
Summary: PPP3CA/calcineurin functions in the cytosol in Ca2+-dependent signaling complexes [PMID:22343722].
Reason: Cytosolic localization is consistent with canonical calcineurin signaling and substrate dephosphorylation.
GO:0070886 positive regulation of calcineurin-NFAT signaling cascade
NAS
PMID:22343722
Balanced interactions of calcineurin with AKAP79 regulate Ca...
ACCEPT
Summary: PPP3CA activity supports NFAT activation and therefore positive regulation of calcineurin-NFAT signaling [PMID:22343722, PMID:8631904].
Reason: Term is consistent with known pathway directionality for calcineurin catalytic function.
GO:0070886 positive regulation of calcineurin-NFAT signaling cascade
NAS
PMID:8631904
Calcineurin binds the transcription factor NFAT1 and reversi...
ACCEPT
Summary: PPP3CA activity supports NFAT activation and therefore positive regulation of calcineurin-NFAT signaling [PMID:22343722, PMID:8631904].
Reason: Term is consistent with known pathway directionality for calcineurin catalytic function.
GO:1905665 positive regulation of calcium ion import across plasma membrane
NAS
PMID:17640527
AKAP79/150 anchoring of calcineurin controls neuronal L-type...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Directional regulation of calcium import is highly context-dependent and potentially conflicting across systems.
Reason: Process-level directionality is not robust as a core PPP3CA annotation.
GO:1905949 negative regulation of calcium ion import across plasma membrane
NAS
PMID:17640527
AKAP79/150 anchoring of calcineurin controls neuronal L-type...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Directional regulation of calcium import is highly context-dependent and potentially conflicting across systems.
Reason: Process-level directionality is not robust as a core PPP3CA annotation.
GO:0004722 protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity
IMP
PMID:30611118
Mitogenic Signals Stimulate the CREB Coactivator CRTC3 throu...
ACCEPT
Summary: PPP3CA is a protein serine/threonine phosphatase catalytic subunit [PMID:19154138, PMID:30718414].
Reason: This is a core molecular-function annotation directly matching the known enzyme class.
GO:0005829 cytosol
IDA
GO_REF:0000052
ACCEPT
Summary: PPP3CA/calcineurin functions in the cytosol in Ca2+-dependent signaling complexes [PMID:22343722].
Reason: Cytosolic localization is consistent with canonical calcineurin signaling and substrate dephosphorylation.
GO:1903235 positive regulation of calcium ion-dependent exocytosis of neurotransmitter
ISS
GO_REF:0000024
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Neuronal exocytosis-regulation linkage is plausible in synaptic calcineurin signaling.
Reason: Likely context-dependent downstream physiology rather than universally core.
GO:0033192 calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase activity
IDA
PMID:30718414
Calcineurin dephosphorylates Kelch-like 3, reversing phospho...
ACCEPT
Summary: PPP3CA is a calmodulin-dependent serine/threonine phosphatase (calcineurin) [PMID:19154138, PMID:23468591].
Reason: This term captures the specific enzymatic mechanism of PPP3CA.
GO:0110062 negative regulation of angiotensin-activated signaling pathway
IDA
PMID:30718414
Calcineurin dephosphorylates Kelch-like 3, reversing phospho...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Supported kidney signaling context where calcineurin opposes angiotensin-driven phosphorylation events [PMID:30718414].
Reason: Evidence is strong but process scope is context-specific rather than core pan-context function.
GO:0004722 protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity
IDA
PMID:30718414
Calcineurin dephosphorylates Kelch-like 3, reversing phospho...
ACCEPT
Summary: PPP3CA is a protein serine/threonine phosphatase catalytic subunit [PMID:19154138, PMID:30718414].
Reason: This is a core molecular-function annotation directly matching the known enzyme class.
GO:0005516 calmodulin binding
EXP
PMID:18384083
The complex structure of calmodulin bound to a calcineurin p...
ACCEPT
Summary: Calmodulin binding is central to calcineurin activation and is well supported for PPP3CA [PMID:18384083, PMID:19404396].
Reason: PPP3CA activation requires Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent engagement of its regulatory region, making this a core molecular function.
GO:0005516 calmodulin binding
IDA
PMID:18384083
The complex structure of calmodulin bound to a calcineurin p...
ACCEPT
Summary: Calmodulin binding is central to calcineurin activation and is well supported for PPP3CA [PMID:18384083, PMID:19404396].
Reason: PPP3CA activation requires Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent engagement of its regulatory region, making this a core molecular function.
GO:0005516 calmodulin binding
IPI
PMID:18384083
The complex structure of calmodulin bound to a calcineurin p...
ACCEPT
Summary: Calmodulin binding is central to calcineurin activation and is well supported for PPP3CA [PMID:18384083, PMID:19404396].
Reason: PPP3CA activation requires Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent engagement of its regulatory region, making this a core molecular function.
GO:0005516 calmodulin binding
EXP
PMID:24191726
The distal helix in the regulatory domain of calcineurin is ...
ACCEPT
Summary: Calmodulin binding is central to calcineurin activation and is well supported for PPP3CA [PMID:18384083, PMID:19404396].
Reason: PPP3CA activation requires Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent engagement of its regulatory region, making this a core molecular function.
GO:0005516 calmodulin binding
IPI
PMID:24191726
The distal helix in the regulatory domain of calcineurin is ...
ACCEPT
Summary: Calmodulin binding is central to calcineurin activation and is well supported for PPP3CA [PMID:18384083, PMID:19404396].
Reason: PPP3CA activation requires Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent engagement of its regulatory region, making this a core molecular function.
GO:0005516 calmodulin binding
EXP
PMID:27187005
Calcineurin in a Crowded World.
ACCEPT
Summary: Calmodulin binding is central to calcineurin activation and is well supported for PPP3CA [PMID:18384083, PMID:19404396].
Reason: PPP3CA activation requires Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent engagement of its regulatory region, making this a core molecular function.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:34446558
SPATA33 localizes calcineurin to the mitochondria and regula...
REMOVE
Summary: Generic protein-binding annotations from interaction screens are not functionally informative for PPP3CA.
Reason: PPP3CA has many interaction partners, but GO:0005515 does not capture its specific calcineurin phosphatase function or pathway role.
GO:0042104 positive regulation of activated T cell proliferation
ISS
GO_REF:0000024
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Calcineurin signaling contributes to activated T-cell proliferation, but this is a higher-level physiological context.
Reason: Biologically plausible yet not the most direct core process label for PPP3CA.
GO:0023057 negative regulation of signaling
ISS
GO_REF:0000024
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Negative regulation of signaling is too broad as a standalone process attribution for PPP3CA.
Reason: PPP3CA can both positively and negatively affect distinct pathways depending on substrate/context.
GO:0050804 modulation of chemical synaptic transmission
ISS
GO_REF:0000024
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Chemical synaptic transmission modulation is plausible in neuronal calcineurin signaling contexts.
Reason: Kept as non-core because it is a broad downstream neurophysiology term.
GO:0008544 epidermis development
ISS
GO_REF:0000024
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Epidermis-development links are mostly orthology/context-derived and represent peripheral biology for PPP3CA.
Reason: Retained as non-core because evidence is not the strongest direct core-function signal for human PPP3CA.
GO:0030216 keratinocyte differentiation
ISS
GO_REF:0000024
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Keratinocyte differentiation linkage is plausible but peripheral relative to core calcineurin signaling.
Reason: Evidence is largely contextual/orthology-backed rather than primary core-function evidence.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:28881575
Overexpression of C16orf74 is involved in aggressive pancrea...
REMOVE
Summary: Generic protein-binding annotations from interaction screens are not functionally informative for PPP3CA.
Reason: PPP3CA has many interaction partners, but GO:0005515 does not capture its specific calcineurin phosphatase function or pathway role.
GO:0005886 plasma membrane
IDA
PMID:28881575
Overexpression of C16orf74 is involved in aggressive pancrea...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: PPP3CA can be recruited to the plasma membrane by scaffolds such as AKAP79 [PMID:22343722].
Reason: Membrane recruitment is experimentally supported but is context-dependent rather than the universal core state.
GO:0097205 renal filtration
ISS
GO_REF:0000024
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Renal filtration linkage is consistent with kidney-context calcineurin roles.
Reason: Kept as non-core because this is tissue-physiology-level rather than direct molecular process annotation.
GO:0046878 positive regulation of saliva secretion
ISS
GO_REF:0000024
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Saliva-secretion annotation represents specialized tissue physiology rather than core function.
Reason: Retained as non-core due restricted physiological context.
GO:0061006 regulation of cell proliferation involved in kidney morphogenesis
ISS
GO_REF:0000024
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Kidney morphogenesis/cell proliferation links are plausible but represent specific developmental context.
Reason: Retained as non-core due context specificity and indirectness.
GO:0090193 positive regulation of glomerulus development
ISS
GO_REF:0000024
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Positive regulation of glomerulus development is plausible from renal calcineurin biology.
Reason: Non-core developmental physiology term for PPP3CA.
GO:0048741 skeletal muscle fiber development
ISS
GO_REF:0000024
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Skeletal-muscle-fiber development effects are plausible but peripheral to core enzymatic function.
Reason: Represents context-dependent developmental biology rather than central molecular role.
GO:0045672 positive regulation of osteoclast differentiation
ISS
GO_REF:0000024
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Osteoclast differentiation via calcineurin-NFAT is plausible but context-specific.
Reason: Not core across all major PPP3CA biological contexts.
GO:0045669 positive regulation of osteoblast differentiation
ISS
GO_REF:0000024
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Osteoblast-differentiation effects are plausible calcineurin/NFAT downstream physiology.
Reason: Kept as non-core due indirect/process-level specificity.
GO:0033192 calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase activity
IMP
PMID:30254215
Novel calcineurin A (PPP3CA) variant associated with epileps...
ACCEPT
Summary: PPP3CA is a calmodulin-dependent serine/threonine phosphatase (calcineurin) [PMID:19154138, PMID:23468591].
Reason: This term captures the specific enzymatic mechanism of PPP3CA.
GO:0033173 calcineurin-NFAT signaling cascade
IMP
PMID:26248042
Calcineurin Undergoes a Conformational Switch Evoked via Pep...
ACCEPT
Summary: PPP3CA is a core mediator of calcineurin-NFAT signaling through NFAT dephosphorylation [PMID:22343722, PMID:26248042, PMID:8631904].
Reason: NFAT-pathway coupling is a principal validated function of calcineurin catalytic subunits.
GO:0097720 calcineurin-mediated signaling
IMP
PMID:11005320
Genetic conservation of the immunophilin-binding domains of ...
ACCEPT
Summary: Calcineurin-mediated signaling is a direct and central biological-process role of PPP3CA.
Reason: This is a core pathway-level annotation aligned with extensive calcineurin literature.
GO:0042060 wound healing
TAS
PMID:18846255
Calsarcin-2 deficiency increases exercise capacity in mice t...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Wound-healing links reflect downstream physiological contexts of calcineurin/NFAT signaling.
Reason: Not a specific core process assignment for PPP3CA itself.
GO:0005737 cytoplasm
IDA
PMID:15955804
The sarcolemmal calcium pump inhibits the calcineurin/nuclea...
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytoplasmic localization is consistent with established PPP3CA signaling biology [PMID:19154138, PMID:22343722].
Reason: PPP3CA acts on cytoplasmic signaling substrates and scaffolded signaling complexes.
GO:0005886 plasma membrane
IDA
PMID:15955804
The sarcolemmal calcium pump inhibits the calcineurin/nuclea...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: PPP3CA can be recruited to the plasma membrane by scaffolds such as AKAP79 [PMID:22343722].
Reason: Membrane recruitment is experimentally supported but is context-dependent rather than the universal core state.
GO:0019897 extrinsic component of plasma membrane
IC
PMID:15955804
The sarcolemmal calcium pump inhibits the calcineurin/nuclea...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Extrinsic plasma-membrane association can occur via scaffolded complexes [PMID:22343722].
Reason: Valid in specific contexts, but not the principal localization state.
GO:0033173 calcineurin-NFAT signaling cascade
IMP
PMID:15955804
The sarcolemmal calcium pump inhibits the calcineurin/nuclea...
ACCEPT
Summary: PPP3CA is a core mediator of calcineurin-NFAT signaling through NFAT dephosphorylation [PMID:22343722, PMID:26248042, PMID:8631904].
Reason: NFAT-pathway coupling is a principal validated function of calcineurin catalytic subunits.
GO:0051117 ATPase binding
IPI
PMID:15955804
The sarcolemmal calcium pump inhibits the calcineurin/nuclea...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: ATPase binding is plausible from interaction studies but secondary to phosphatase catalytic function.
Reason: Valid interaction-level annotation with limited functional specificity.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:30611118
Mitogenic Signals Stimulate the CREB Coactivator CRTC3 throu...
REMOVE
Summary: Generic protein-binding annotations from interaction screens are not functionally informative for PPP3CA.
Reason: PPP3CA has many interaction partners, but GO:0005515 does not capture its specific calcineurin phosphatase function or pathway role.
GO:0043403 skeletal muscle tissue regeneration
TAS
PMID:18846255
Calsarcin-2 deficiency increases exercise capacity in mice t...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Skeletal-muscle regeneration links are plausible but reflect specialized physiological settings.
Reason: Not a primary core process for broad PPP3CA function assignment.
GO:0045785 positive regulation of cell adhesion
IMP
PMID:21785830
The effect of down regulation of calcineurin AΞ± by lentivira...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Positive regulation of cell adhesion appears mainly from disease/cell-line contexts.
Reason: Likely over-extended from context-specific phenotypes rather than core PPP3CA role.
GO:0030335 positive regulation of cell migration
IMP
PMID:21785830
The effect of down regulation of calcineurin AΞ± by lentivira...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Positive regulation of cell migration is supported mainly by cancer-context perturbation studies [PMID:20422345, PMID:21785830].
Reason: Likely context-specific/pleiotropic and not a robust core function term for PPP3CA.
GO:0030335 positive regulation of cell migration
IMP
PMID:20422345
Calcineurin promotes proliferation, migration, and invasion ...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Positive regulation of cell migration is supported mainly by cancer-context perturbation studies [PMID:20422345, PMID:21785830].
Reason: Likely context-specific/pleiotropic and not a robust core function term for PPP3CA.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:18218901
NFAT binding and regulation of T cell activation by the cyto...
REMOVE
Summary: Generic protein-binding annotations from interaction screens are not functionally informative for PPP3CA.
Reason: PPP3CA has many interaction partners, but GO:0005515 does not capture its specific calcineurin phosphatase function or pathway role.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:12809556
Phosphorylation of calcipressin 1 increases its ability to i...
REMOVE
Summary: Generic protein-binding annotations from interaction screens are not functionally informative for PPP3CA.
Reason: PPP3CA has many interaction partners, but GO:0005515 does not capture its specific calcineurin phosphatase function or pathway role.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:12218175
Crystal structure of calcineurin-cyclophilin-cyclosporin sho...
REMOVE
Summary: Generic protein-binding annotations from interaction screens are not functionally informative for PPP3CA.
Reason: PPP3CA has many interaction partners, but GO:0005515 does not capture its specific calcineurin phosphatase function or pathway role.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:26248042
Calcineurin Undergoes a Conformational Switch Evoked via Pep...
REMOVE
Summary: Generic protein-binding annotations from interaction screens are not functionally informative for PPP3CA.
Reason: PPP3CA has many interaction partners, but GO:0005515 does not capture its specific calcineurin phosphatase function or pathway role.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:27974827
Investigating the human Calcineurin Interaction Network usin...
REMOVE
Summary: Generic protein-binding annotations from interaction screens are not functionally informative for PPP3CA.
Reason: PPP3CA has many interaction partners, but GO:0005515 does not capture its specific calcineurin phosphatase function or pathway role.
GO:0005516 calmodulin binding
IDA
PMID:19404396
Domain swapping and different oligomeric States for the comp...
ACCEPT
Summary: Calmodulin binding is central to calcineurin activation and is well supported for PPP3CA [PMID:18384083, PMID:19404396].
Reason: PPP3CA activation requires Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent engagement of its regulatory region, making this a core molecular function.
GO:0005737 cytoplasm
IDA
PMID:19154138
The proline-rich N-terminal sequence of calcineurin Abeta de...
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytoplasmic localization is consistent with established PPP3CA signaling biology [PMID:19154138, PMID:22343722].
Reason: PPP3CA acts on cytoplasmic signaling substrates and scaffolded signaling complexes.
GO:0005737 cytoplasm
IDA
PMID:22343722
Balanced interactions of calcineurin with AKAP79 regulate Ca...
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytoplasmic localization is consistent with established PPP3CA signaling biology [PMID:19154138, PMID:22343722].
Reason: PPP3CA acts on cytoplasmic signaling substrates and scaffolded signaling complexes.
GO:0005955 calcineurin complex
IDA
PMID:12218175
Crystal structure of calcineurin-cyclophilin-cyclosporin sho...
ACCEPT
Summary: PPP3CA is the catalytic subunit of the calcineurin complex [PMID:12218175, PMID:12357034, PMID:23468591].
Reason: Complex membership is definitive and foundational to PPP3CA biology.
GO:0005955 calcineurin complex
IDA
PMID:22343722
Balanced interactions of calcineurin with AKAP79 regulate Ca...
ACCEPT
Summary: PPP3CA is the catalytic subunit of the calcineurin complex [PMID:12218175, PMID:12357034, PMID:23468591].
Reason: Complex membership is definitive and foundational to PPP3CA biology.
GO:0005955 calcineurin complex
IDA
PMID:23468591
The molecular mechanism of substrate engagement and immunosu...
ACCEPT
Summary: PPP3CA is the catalytic subunit of the calcineurin complex [PMID:12218175, PMID:12357034, PMID:23468591].
Reason: Complex membership is definitive and foundational to PPP3CA biology.
GO:0005955 calcineurin complex
IDA
PMID:27974827
Investigating the human Calcineurin Interaction Network usin...
ACCEPT
Summary: PPP3CA is the catalytic subunit of the calcineurin complex [PMID:12218175, PMID:12357034, PMID:23468591].
Reason: Complex membership is definitive and foundational to PPP3CA biology.
GO:0006470 protein dephosphorylation
IDA
PMID:19154138
The proline-rich N-terminal sequence of calcineurin Abeta de...
ACCEPT
Summary: Protein dephosphorylation is the direct biochemical output of PPP3CA/calcineurin [PMID:15671020, PMID:30718414].
Reason: This accurately reflects catalytic activity on phosphoprotein substrates.
GO:0009898 cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane
IDA
PMID:22343722
Balanced interactions of calcineurin with AKAP79 regulate Ca...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: PPP3CA can localize on the cytoplasmic side of membrane-associated signaling complexes [PMID:22343722].
Reason: Supported by scaffolded signaling, but context-specific.
GO:0033173 calcineurin-NFAT signaling cascade
IDA
PMID:19154138
The proline-rich N-terminal sequence of calcineurin Abeta de...
ACCEPT
Summary: PPP3CA is a core mediator of calcineurin-NFAT signaling through NFAT dephosphorylation [PMID:22343722, PMID:26248042, PMID:8631904].
Reason: NFAT-pathway coupling is a principal validated function of calcineurin catalytic subunits.
GO:0033173 calcineurin-NFAT signaling cascade
IMP
PMID:22343722
Balanced interactions of calcineurin with AKAP79 regulate Ca...
ACCEPT
Summary: PPP3CA is a core mediator of calcineurin-NFAT signaling through NFAT dephosphorylation [PMID:22343722, PMID:26248042, PMID:8631904].
Reason: NFAT-pathway coupling is a principal validated function of calcineurin catalytic subunits.
GO:0033173 calcineurin-NFAT signaling cascade
IMP
PMID:23468591
The molecular mechanism of substrate engagement and immunosu...
ACCEPT
Summary: PPP3CA is a core mediator of calcineurin-NFAT signaling through NFAT dephosphorylation [PMID:22343722, PMID:26248042, PMID:8631904].
Reason: NFAT-pathway coupling is a principal validated function of calcineurin catalytic subunits.
GO:0033192 calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase activity
IDA
PMID:19154138
The proline-rich N-terminal sequence of calcineurin Abeta de...
ACCEPT
Summary: PPP3CA is a calmodulin-dependent serine/threonine phosphatase (calcineurin) [PMID:19154138, PMID:23468591].
Reason: This term captures the specific enzymatic mechanism of PPP3CA.
GO:0033192 calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase activity
IDA
PMID:23468591
The molecular mechanism of substrate engagement and immunosu...
ACCEPT
Summary: PPP3CA is a calmodulin-dependent serine/threonine phosphatase (calcineurin) [PMID:19154138, PMID:23468591].
Reason: This term captures the specific enzymatic mechanism of PPP3CA.
GO:0043197 dendritic spine
IDA
PMID:22343722
Balanced interactions of calcineurin with AKAP79 regulate Ca...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Dendritic-spine localization is plausible in neuronal signaling contexts [PMID:22343722].
Reason: Supported in specific cellular contexts but not a universal core localization.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:12357034
Crystal structure of human calcineurin complexed with cyclos...
REMOVE
Summary: Generic protein-binding annotations from interaction screens are not functionally informative for PPP3CA.
Reason: PPP3CA has many interaction partners, but GO:0005515 does not capture its specific calcineurin phosphatase function or pathway role.
GO:0005955 calcineurin complex
IDA
PMID:12357034
Crystal structure of human calcineurin complexed with cyclos...
ACCEPT
Summary: PPP3CA is the catalytic subunit of the calcineurin complex [PMID:12218175, PMID:12357034, PMID:23468591].
Reason: Complex membership is definitive and foundational to PPP3CA biology.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:22688515
Na(+)/H(+) exchanger 1 directly binds to calcineurin A and a...
REMOVE
Summary: Generic protein-binding annotations from interaction screens are not functionally informative for PPP3CA.
Reason: PPP3CA has many interaction partners, but GO:0005515 does not capture its specific calcineurin phosphatase function or pathway role.
GO:0005955 calcineurin complex
IDA
PMID:22688515
Na(+)/H(+) exchanger 1 directly binds to calcineurin A and a...
ACCEPT
Summary: PPP3CA is the catalytic subunit of the calcineurin complex [PMID:12218175, PMID:12357034, PMID:23468591].
Reason: Complex membership is definitive and foundational to PPP3CA biology.
GO:0033173 calcineurin-NFAT signaling cascade
IDA
PMID:22688515
Na(+)/H(+) exchanger 1 directly binds to calcineurin A and a...
ACCEPT
Summary: PPP3CA is a core mediator of calcineurin-NFAT signaling through NFAT dephosphorylation [PMID:22343722, PMID:26248042, PMID:8631904].
Reason: NFAT-pathway coupling is a principal validated function of calcineurin catalytic subunits.
GO:0045944 positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
IDA
PMID:22688515
Na(+)/H(+) exchanger 1 directly binds to calcineurin A and a...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: PPP3CA can promote transcription indirectly through NFAT dephosphorylation and nuclear translocation [PMID:22688515].
Reason: Downstream regulatory consequence, not direct transcription-factor molecular function.
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-2025890
ACCEPT
Summary: PPP3CA/calcineurin functions in the cytosol in Ca2+-dependent signaling complexes [PMID:22343722].
Reason: Cytosolic localization is consistent with canonical calcineurin signaling and substrate dephosphorylation.
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-2730849
ACCEPT
Summary: PPP3CA/calcineurin functions in the cytosol in Ca2+-dependent signaling complexes [PMID:22343722].
Reason: Cytosolic localization is consistent with canonical calcineurin signaling and substrate dephosphorylation.
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-2730867
ACCEPT
Summary: PPP3CA/calcineurin functions in the cytosol in Ca2+-dependent signaling complexes [PMID:22343722].
Reason: Cytosolic localization is consistent with canonical calcineurin signaling and substrate dephosphorylation.
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-2730872
ACCEPT
Summary: PPP3CA/calcineurin functions in the cytosol in Ca2+-dependent signaling complexes [PMID:22343722].
Reason: Cytosolic localization is consistent with canonical calcineurin signaling and substrate dephosphorylation.
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-4551451
ACCEPT
Summary: PPP3CA/calcineurin functions in the cytosol in Ca2+-dependent signaling complexes [PMID:22343722].
Reason: Cytosolic localization is consistent with canonical calcineurin signaling and substrate dephosphorylation.
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-4551465
ACCEPT
Summary: PPP3CA/calcineurin functions in the cytosol in Ca2+-dependent signaling complexes [PMID:22343722].
Reason: Cytosolic localization is consistent with canonical calcineurin signaling and substrate dephosphorylation.
GO:0005654 nucleoplasm
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-2730867
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Nucleoplasmic context can occur during NFAT-related signaling translocation events (Reactome evidence).
Reason: Reasonable pathway-context localization, but less central than cytosolic/calcineurin-complex roles.
GO:0005654 nucleoplasm
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-4551465
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Nucleoplasmic context can occur during NFAT-related signaling translocation events (Reactome evidence).
Reason: Reasonable pathway-context localization, but less central than cytosolic/calcineurin-complex roles.
GO:0006470 protein dephosphorylation
IDA
PMID:18815128
CHP2 activates the calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T...
ACCEPT
Summary: Protein dephosphorylation is the direct biochemical output of PPP3CA/calcineurin [PMID:15671020, PMID:30718414].
Reason: This accurately reflects catalytic activity on phosphoprotein substrates.
GO:0033192 calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase activity
IDA
PMID:18815128
CHP2 activates the calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T...
ACCEPT
Summary: PPP3CA is a calmodulin-dependent serine/threonine phosphatase (calcineurin) [PMID:19154138, PMID:23468591].
Reason: This term captures the specific enzymatic mechanism of PPP3CA.
GO:0051592 response to calcium ion
IDA
PMID:18815128
CHP2 activates the calcineurin/nuclear factor of activated T...
ACCEPT
Summary: PPP3CA is activated by intracellular calcium signaling and participates in calcium-responsive pathways.
Reason: This broad process term is directionally consistent with calcineurin biology.
GO:0005516 calmodulin binding
IDA
PMID:11005320
Genetic conservation of the immunophilin-binding domains of ...
ACCEPT
Summary: Calmodulin binding is central to calcineurin activation and is well supported for PPP3CA [PMID:18384083, PMID:19404396].
Reason: PPP3CA activation requires Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent engagement of its regulatory region, making this a core molecular function.
GO:0019899 enzyme binding
IDA
PMID:11005320
Genetic conservation of the immunophilin-binding domains of ...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: PPP3CA binds multiple enzyme partners/regulators, but this term is broad and secondary to catalytic function.
Reason: Retained as non-core due limited specificity.
GO:0042110 T cell activation
TAS
PMID:11005320
Genetic conservation of the immunophilin-binding domains of ...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: T-cell activation involvement is compatible with canonical calcineurin-immunology biology.
Reason: Retained as non-core due pathway-level context and isoform/redundancy considerations.
GO:0046983 protein dimerization activity
IPI
PMID:11005320
Genetic conservation of the immunophilin-binding domains of ...
REMOVE
Summary: Protein dimerization activity is not a well-supported or informative core MF for PPP3CA.
Reason: Evidence better supports regulated complex assembly (calcineurin holoenzyme) rather than standalone dimerization activity.
GO:0016311 dephosphorylation
TAS
PMID:2556704
Cloning of human calcineurin A: evidence for two isozymes an...
ACCEPT
Summary: Dephosphorylation is the defining catalytic process of PPP3CA/calcineurin.
Reason: Accurately reflects direct enzyme activity.
GO:0033192 calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase activity
TAS
PMID:2556704
Cloning of human calcineurin A: evidence for two isozymes an...
ACCEPT
Summary: PPP3CA is a calmodulin-dependent serine/threonine phosphatase (calcineurin) [PMID:19154138, PMID:23468591].
Reason: This term captures the specific enzymatic mechanism of PPP3CA.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:18838687
Dephosphorylation by calcineurin regulates translocation of ...
REMOVE
Summary: Generic protein-binding annotations from interaction screens are not functionally informative for PPP3CA.
Reason: PPP3CA has many interaction partners, but GO:0005515 does not capture its specific calcineurin phosphatase function or pathway role.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:11114196
Calsarcins, a novel family of sarcomeric calcineurin-binding...
REMOVE
Summary: Generic protein-binding annotations from interaction screens are not functionally informative for PPP3CA.
Reason: PPP3CA has many interaction partners, but GO:0005515 does not capture its specific calcineurin phosphatase function or pathway role.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:11842093
Calsarcin-3, a novel skeletal muscle-specific member of the ...
REMOVE
Summary: Generic protein-binding annotations from interaction screens are not functionally informative for PPP3CA.
Reason: PPP3CA has many interaction partners, but GO:0005515 does not capture its specific calcineurin phosphatase function or pathway role.
GO:0006470 protein dephosphorylation
NAS
PMID:8392375
Molecular cloning of a full-length cDNA encoding the catalyt...
ACCEPT
Summary: Protein dephosphorylation is the direct biochemical output of PPP3CA/calcineurin [PMID:15671020, PMID:30718414].
Reason: This accurately reflects catalytic activity on phosphoprotein substrates.
GO:0004722 protein serine/threonine phosphatase activity
NAS
PMID:8392375
Molecular cloning of a full-length cDNA encoding the catalyt...
ACCEPT
Summary: PPP3CA is a protein serine/threonine phosphatase catalytic subunit [PMID:19154138, PMID:30718414].
Reason: This is a core molecular-function annotation directly matching the known enzyme class.
GO:0005509 calcium ion binding
NAS
PMID:8392375
Molecular cloning of a full-length cDNA encoding the catalyt...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Direct calcium-ion binding by PPP3CA catalytic subunit is less specific than calmodulin-dependent activation and holoenzyme regulation.
Reason: Annotation is plausible at a broad level but overstates direct, independently informative MF for PPP3CA.
GO:0005516 calmodulin binding
NAS
PMID:8392375
Molecular cloning of a full-length cDNA encoding the catalyt...
ACCEPT
Summary: Calmodulin binding is central to calcineurin activation and is well supported for PPP3CA [PMID:18384083, PMID:19404396].
Reason: PPP3CA activation requires Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent engagement of its regulatory region, making this a core molecular function.
GO:0005955 calcineurin complex
NAS
PMID:8392375
Molecular cloning of a full-length cDNA encoding the catalyt...
ACCEPT
Summary: PPP3CA is the catalytic subunit of the calcineurin complex [PMID:12218175, PMID:12357034, PMID:23468591].
Reason: Complex membership is definitive and foundational to PPP3CA biology.

References

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Deep Research

Falcon

(PPP3CA-deep-research-falcon.md)

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πŸ“„ View Raw YAML

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