Actb encodes beta-actin (actin, cytoplasmic 1; UniProt P60710), one of the two non-muscle cytoplasmic actin isoforms (with gamma-actin/Actg1, from which it differs by only 4 of 375 N-terminal residues). Its core, evolved function is structural: beta-actin polymerizes from ATP-bound G-actin monomers into F-actin filaments, the building blocks of the actin cytoskeleton. Intrinsic ATP binding and hydrolysis drive filament assembly, treadmilling and turnover. Formin-nucleated beta-actin networks (e.g. via DIAPH3) provide force-generating and scaffolding structures for cell motility, cell shape, and cytokinesis, where beta-actin specifically maintains RhoA and non-muscle myosin II at the cleavage furrow. Beta- and gamma-actin form spatially distinct, non-redundant networks despite near-identical sequences. Actb is essential (Actb-null mice are embryonic lethal). A minor monomeric nuclear actin pool participates in chromatin-associated complexes, though the SWI-SNF/BAF chromatin-remodeling evidence comes from studies of the complexes' other subunits rather than from beta-actin itself.
| GO Term | Evidence | Action | Reason |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0015629 actin cytoskeleton | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | ACCEPT | Summary: Beta-actin is a central structural component of the actin cytoskeleton; it polymerizes from G-actin monomers into F-actin filaments that build the cytoskeletal networks of the cell. This is the defining, core function of the gene product. Reason: Core cytoskeletal structural role of beta-actin, the primary evolved function. Supporting Evidence: file:mouse/Actb/Actb-deep-research-falcon.md Ξ²βactin is a central component of the **actin cytoskeleton**, existing as **monomeric (Gβactin)** and **filamentous (Fβactin)** assemblies that drive processes such as **cell motility** and **cytokinesis**. |
| GO:0045202 synapse | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Beta-actin contributes to synapse localization of actin; a specialized neuronal/synaptic role downstream of the core cytoskeletal function (e.g. actin is required for synaptic vesicle endocytosis). Reason: Specialized synaptic/neuronal actin role; non-core, context-dependent. |
| GO:0005737 cytoplasm | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | ACCEPT | Summary: Cytoplasmic (non-muscle) beta-actin carries out its core structural function in the cytoplasm as G-actin and F-actin. Reason: Core localization of cytoplasmic beta-actin. Supporting Evidence: file:mouse/Actb/Actb-deep-research-falcon.md Ξ²βactin is a central component of the **actin cytoskeleton**, existing as **monomeric (Gβactin)** and **filamentous (Fβactin)** assemblies that drive processes such as **cell motility** and **cytokinesis**. |
| GO:0016020 membrane | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Membrane association via cortical/submembranous actin. Reason: Generic membrane association via cortical actin; non-core. |
| GO:0030424 axon | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Beta-actin contributes to axonal actin localization; a specialized neuronal/synaptic role downstream of the core cytoskeletal function (e.g. actin is required for synaptic vesicle endocytosis). Reason: Specialized synaptic/neuronal actin role; non-core, context-dependent. |
| GO:0098973 structural constituent of postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Beta-actin contributes to structural constituent of the postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton; a specialized neuronal/synaptic role downstream of the core cytoskeletal function (e.g. actin is required for synaptic vesicle endocytosis). Reason: Specialized synaptic/neuronal actin role; non-core, context-dependent. |
| GO:0005884 actin filament | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | ACCEPT | Summary: Beta-actin is the principal subunit of actin filaments (F-actin); filaments arise by polymerization of actin monomers nucleated by assembly factors such as formins. This is the core structural function. Reason: Core: beta-actin is the building block of the actin filament. Supporting Evidence: file:mouse/Actb/Actb-deep-research-falcon.md Ξ²βactin is a central component of the **actin cytoskeleton**, existing as **monomeric (Gβactin)** and **filamentous (Fβactin)** assemblies that drive processes such as **cell motility** and **cytokinesis**. file:mouse/Actb/Actb-deep-research-falcon.md Actin filaments arise by polymerization of actin monomers and are nucleated by actin assembly factors including **formins** |
| GO:0007409 axonogenesis | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Beta-actin contributes to axonogenesis supported by actin dynamics; a specialized neuronal/synaptic role downstream of the core cytoskeletal function (e.g. actin is required for synaptic vesicle endocytosis). Reason: Specialized synaptic/neuronal actin role; non-core, context-dependent. |
| GO:0019901 protein kinase binding | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: 'protein kinase binding' is an indirect/moonlighting or pipeline-transferred annotation that does not represent a core function of cytoplasmic beta-actin. Such terms (binding to specific partners, regulating transporters/NOS, viral Tat binding) reflect context-specific interactions rather than the gene product's evolved structural role, and are not supported by the falcon deep research. Reason: Indirect/moonlighting or generic annotation; over-annotation relative to core structural function. Propagation Review Root cause: TERM SCOPING PROBLEM Failure modes: GRANULARITY MISMATCH Sources checked: PANTHER:PTN007551913 SUPPORTS TRANSFER The node sits in the actin family, so the transfer itself is sound; the objection is to the term, not the propagation. PTHR11937-paint.tsv shows this node's GO:0019901 IBD is seeded by RGD:628837 and UniProtKB:P60709 - both listed here. Orthology is not asserted for the seeds: RGD:628837 does not resolve to a name against the local caches, so family membership is the most that can be claimed. RGD:628837 SUPPORTS TRANSFER The second IBD seed of this node per PTHR11937-paint.tsv, and present in the GOA WITH/FROM. Cited by identifier only; it does not resolve to a named gene against the local caches, so no claim is made about which rat gene it is. UniProtKB:P60709 Β· human ACTB (Actin, cytoplasmic 1) SUPPORTS TRANSFER The direct human ortholog of mouse Actb. Its kinase-binding evidence is real, but "protein kinase binding" is a low-information binding term that says nothing about what actin does; the informative calls are its structural and motor-adaptor roles. |
| GO:0035267 NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Reflects co-purification with the NuA4/TIP60 histone acetyltransferase complex (nuclear actin is a shared subunit of several chromatin complexes). Reason: Nuclear complex co-membership; non-core, not the core function. |
| GO:0048870 cell motility | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Beta-actin filament networks drive cell motility/migration; a downstream cellular process enabled by the core cytoskeletal function rather than a distinct molecular function. Reason: Bona fide actin-dependent process; non-core relative to the structural role. Supporting Evidence: file:mouse/Actb/Actb-deep-research-falcon.md Ξ²βactin is a central component of the **actin cytoskeleton**, existing as **monomeric (Gβactin)** and **filamentous (Fβactin)** assemblies that drive processes such as **cell motility** and **cytokinesis**. |
| GO:0000166 nucleotide binding | IEA GO_REF:0000043 | ACCEPT | Summary: Actin binds adenine nucleotide (ATP/ADP) in its central nucleotide-binding cleft (ATPase_NBD fold); the nucleotide state controls filament assembly and turnover. Reason: Core: nucleotide binding is intrinsic to actin function. Canonical actin nucleotide-binding property supported by the IEA reference (GO_REF:0000043); the falcon corpus had only a limitations disclaimer on actin's ATP mechanism, so no falcon supporting text is cited here. |
| GO:0005524 ATP binding | IEA GO_REF:0000043 | ACCEPT | Summary: Actin is an ATP-binding protein; bound ATP/ADP nucleotide state governs polymerization and filament dynamics. ATP binding is intrinsic to actin's mechanism. Reason: Core: nucleotide binding is integral to actin polymerization dynamics. Canonical actin ATP-binding property supported by the IEA reference (GO_REF:0000043); the falcon corpus had only a limitations disclaimer on actin's ATP mechanism, so no falcon supporting text is cited here. |
| GO:0005634 nucleus | IEA GO_REF:0000120 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Reflects nuclear localization of a minor monomeric actin pool. A small monomeric nuclear actin pool exists and participates in nuclear processes, but this is a minor, context-dependent role, not the core cytoplasmic structural function. The falcon report focuses entirely on cytoplasmic/cytoskeletal beta-actin and provides no chromatin-remodeling evidence. Reason: Minor nuclear actin pool; non-core relative to cytoplasmic structural role. |
| GO:0005856 cytoskeleton | IEA GO_REF:0000120 | ACCEPT | Summary: Beta-actin is a core structural constituent of the cytoskeleton, present as monomeric and filamentous assemblies that form a major cytoskeletal system. Reason: Core cytoskeletal structural role. Supporting Evidence: file:mouse/Actb/Actb-deep-research-falcon.md Ξ²βactin is a central component of the **actin cytoskeleton**, existing as **monomeric (Gβactin)** and **filamentous (Fβactin)** assemblies that drive processes such as **cell motility** and **cytokinesis**. |
| GO:0016787 hydrolase activity | IEA GO_REF:0000043 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Generic parent term reflecting actin's intrinsic ATP hydrolysis activity. The specific child term GO:0016887 (ATP hydrolysis activity) is the informative annotation; this high-level term adds little on its own. Reason: Over-general parent of the specific ATPase activity already annotated. |
| GO:0098974 postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton organization | IEA GO_REF:0000108 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Beta-actin contributes to postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton organization; a specialized neuronal/synaptic role downstream of the core cytoskeletal function (e.g. actin is required for synaptic vesicle endocytosis). Reason: Specialized synaptic/neuronal actin role; non-core, context-dependent. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:15251432 Phorbol ester-induced translocation of PKC epsilon to the nu... | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: Generic 'protein binding' (IPI) capturing individual interaction partners (PKC-epsilon, TRPM7, CAR, AmotL2, TPRN, CDK5/p39, copine, pannexin, Hsc70, etc.). Per GO curation guidelines this uninformative term should be replaced by specific molecular-function or complex annotations rather than retained as a core function. These pairwise interactions do not define beta-actin's core structural function. Reason: Uninformative 'protein binding'; reflects assorted interaction partners, not a core molecular function. Avoid GO:0005515 per curation guidelines. Supporting Evidence: PMID:15251432 Phorbol ester-induced translocation of PKC epsilon to the nucleus in fibroblasts: identification of nuclear PKC epsilon-associating proteins. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:16407977 TRPM7, a novel regulator of actomyosin contractility and cel... | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: Generic 'protein binding' (IPI) capturing individual interaction partners (PKC-epsilon, TRPM7, CAR, AmotL2, TPRN, CDK5/p39, copine, pannexin, Hsc70, etc.). Per GO curation guidelines this uninformative term should be replaced by specific molecular-function or complex annotations rather than retained as a core function. These pairwise interactions do not define beta-actin's core structural function. Reason: Uninformative 'protein binding'; reflects assorted interaction partners, not a core molecular function. Avoid GO:0005515 per curation guidelines. Supporting Evidence: PMID:16407977 Jan 12. TRPM7, a novel regulator of actomyosin contractility and cell adhesion. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:17531226 Interaction of the Coxsackie and adenovirus receptor (CAR) w... | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: Generic 'protein binding' (IPI) capturing individual interaction partners (PKC-epsilon, TRPM7, CAR, AmotL2, TPRN, CDK5/p39, copine, pannexin, Hsc70, etc.). Per GO curation guidelines this uninformative term should be replaced by specific molecular-function or complex annotations rather than retained as a core function. These pairwise interactions do not define beta-actin's core structural function. Reason: Uninformative 'protein binding'; reflects assorted interaction partners, not a core molecular function. Avoid GO:0005515 per curation guidelines. Supporting Evidence: PMID:17531226 Epub 2007 May 21. Interaction of the Coxsackie and adenovirus receptor (CAR) with the cytoskeleton: binding to actin. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:24855944 The TRPM7 chanzyme is cleaved to release a chromatin-modifyi... | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: Generic 'protein binding' (IPI) capturing individual interaction partners (PKC-epsilon, TRPM7, CAR, AmotL2, TPRN, CDK5/p39, copine, pannexin, Hsc70, etc.). Per GO curation guidelines this uninformative term should be replaced by specific molecular-function or complex annotations rather than retained as a core function. These pairwise interactions do not define beta-actin's core structural function. Reason: Uninformative 'protein binding'; reflects assorted interaction partners, not a core molecular function. Avoid GO:0005515 per curation guidelines. Supporting Evidence: PMID:24855944 The TRPM7 chanzyme is cleaved to release a chromatin-modifying kinase. |
| GO:0001738 morphogenesis of a polarized epithelium | IEA GO_REF:0000107 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Beta-actin contributes to morphogenesis of a polarized epithelium supported by the actin cytoskeleton; a context-dependent, tissue-specific role downstream of its core structural function. Reason: Junctional/epithelial actin role; non-core, context-dependent. |
| GO:0005737 cytoplasm | IEA GO_REF:0000107 | ACCEPT | Summary: Cytoplasmic (non-muscle) beta-actin carries out its core structural function in the cytoplasm as G-actin and F-actin. Reason: Core localization of cytoplasmic beta-actin. Supporting Evidence: file:mouse/Actb/Actb-deep-research-falcon.md Ξ²βactin is a central component of the **actin cytoskeleton**, existing as **monomeric (Gβactin)** and **filamentous (Fβactin)** assemblies that drive processes such as **cell motility** and **cytokinesis**. |
| GO:0005911 cell-cell junction | IEA GO_REF:0000107 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Beta-actin contributes to cell-cell junction localization via the junctional actin cytoskeleton; a context-dependent, tissue-specific role downstream of its core structural function. Reason: Junctional/epithelial actin role; non-core, context-dependent. |
| GO:0005912 adherens junction | IEA GO_REF:0000107 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Beta-actin contributes to adherens junction localization via the junctional actin belt; a context-dependent, tissue-specific role downstream of its core structural function. Reason: Junctional/epithelial actin role; non-core, context-dependent. |
| GO:0007163 establishment or maintenance of cell polarity | IEA GO_REF:0000107 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Beta-actin contributes to establishment/maintenance of cell polarity supported by actin; a context-dependent, tissue-specific role downstream of its core structural function. Reason: Junctional/epithelial actin role; non-core, context-dependent. |
| GO:0015629 actin cytoskeleton | IEA GO_REF:0000107 | ACCEPT | Summary: Beta-actin is a central structural component of the actin cytoskeleton; it polymerizes from G-actin monomers into F-actin filaments that build the cytoskeletal networks of the cell. This is the defining, core function of the gene product. Reason: Core cytoskeletal structural role of beta-actin, the primary evolved function. Supporting Evidence: file:mouse/Actb/Actb-deep-research-falcon.md Ξ²βactin is a central component of the **actin cytoskeleton**, existing as **monomeric (Gβactin)** and **filamentous (Fβactin)** assemblies that drive processes such as **cell motility** and **cytokinesis**. |
| GO:0016887 ATP hydrolysis activity | IEA GO_REF:0000107 | ACCEPT | Summary: Actin has intrinsic ATP hydrolysis activity within the filament; ATP hydrolysis on incorporated subunits and subsequent Pi release drive the treadmilling/dynamics of F-actin. ATP hydrolysis is a well-established intrinsic actin activity. Reason: Core: intrinsic ATPase activity powers actin filament dynamics. Canonical actin ATPase property supported by the IEA reference (GO_REF:0000107); the falcon corpus had only a limitations disclaimer on actin's ATP mechanism, so no falcon supporting text is cited here. |
| GO:0019894 kinesin binding | IEA GO_REF:0000107 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: 'kinesin binding' is an indirect/moonlighting or pipeline-transferred annotation that does not represent a core function of cytoplasmic beta-actin. Such terms (binding to specific partners, regulating transporters/NOS, viral Tat binding) reflect context-specific interactions rather than the gene product's evolved structural role, and are not supported by the falcon deep research. Reason: Indirect/moonlighting or generic annotation; over-annotation relative to core structural function. |
| GO:0019901 protein kinase binding | IEA GO_REF:0000107 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: 'protein kinase binding' is an indirect/moonlighting or pipeline-transferred annotation that does not represent a core function of cytoplasmic beta-actin. Such terms (binding to specific partners, regulating transporters/NOS, viral Tat binding) reflect context-specific interactions rather than the gene product's evolved structural role, and are not supported by the falcon deep research. Reason: Indirect/moonlighting or generic annotation; over-annotation relative to core structural function. |
| GO:0030027 lamellipodium | IEA GO_REF:0000107 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Branched F-actin networks at the leading edge form the lamellipodium; a specialized structure built from beta-actin filaments. Reason: Specialized actin-based structure; non-core localization. |
| GO:0030235 nitric-oxide synthase regulator activity | IEA GO_REF:0000107 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: 'nitric-oxide synthase regulator activity' is an indirect/moonlighting or pipeline-transferred annotation that does not represent a core function of cytoplasmic beta-actin. Such terms (binding to specific partners, regulating transporters/NOS, viral Tat binding) reflect context-specific interactions rather than the gene product's evolved structural role, and are not supported by the falcon deep research. Reason: Indirect/moonlighting or generic annotation; over-annotation relative to core structural function. |
| GO:0030957 Tat protein binding | IEA GO_REF:0000107 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: 'Tat protein binding' is an indirect/moonlighting or pipeline-transferred annotation that does not represent a core function of cytoplasmic beta-actin. Such terms (binding to specific partners, regulating transporters/NOS, viral Tat binding) reflect context-specific interactions rather than the gene product's evolved structural role, and are not supported by the falcon deep research. Reason: Indirect/moonlighting or generic annotation; over-annotation relative to core structural function. |
| GO:0032991 protein-containing complex | IEA GO_REF:0000107 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Reflects membership in assorted protein-containing complexes. Reason: Generic complex membership; non-core. |
| GO:0034333 adherens junction assembly | IEA GO_REF:0000107 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Beta-actin contributes to adherens junction assembly supported by actin remodeling; a context-dependent, tissue-specific role downstream of its core structural function. Reason: Junctional/epithelial actin role; non-core, context-dependent. |
| GO:0035267 NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex | IEA GO_REF:0000107 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Reflects co-purification with the NuA4/TIP60 histone acetyltransferase complex (nuclear actin is a shared subunit of several chromatin complexes). Reason: Nuclear complex co-membership; non-core, not the core function. |
| GO:0036464 cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granule | IEA GO_REF:0000107 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Reflects cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granule localization (beta-actin mRNA/protein in RNP granules). Reason: RNP-granule-associated actin; non-core. |
| GO:0042802 identical protein binding | IEA GO_REF:0000107 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Reflects identical protein binding (actin self-association during polymerization). Reason: Self-association during polymerization; non-core descriptor. |
| GO:0043296 apical junction complex | IEA GO_REF:0000107 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Beta-actin contributes to apical junction complex localization via junctional actin; a context-dependent, tissue-specific role downstream of its core structural function. Reason: Junctional/epithelial actin role; non-core, context-dependent. |
| GO:0045176 apical protein localization | IEA GO_REF:0000107 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Beta-actin contributes to apical protein localization supported by the apical actin cytoskeleton; a context-dependent, tissue-specific role downstream of its core structural function. Reason: Junctional/epithelial actin role; non-core, context-dependent. |
| GO:0048870 cell motility | IEA GO_REF:0000107 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Beta-actin filament networks drive cell motility/migration; a downstream cellular process enabled by the core cytoskeletal function rather than a distinct molecular function. Reason: Bona fide actin-dependent process; non-core relative to the structural role. Supporting Evidence: file:mouse/Actb/Actb-deep-research-falcon.md Ξ²βactin is a central component of the **actin cytoskeleton**, existing as **monomeric (Gβactin)** and **filamentous (Fβactin)** assemblies that drive processes such as **cell motility** and **cytokinesis**. |
| GO:0050998 nitric-oxide synthase binding | IEA GO_REF:0000107 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: 'nitric-oxide synthase binding' is an indirect/moonlighting or pipeline-transferred annotation that does not represent a core function of cytoplasmic beta-actin. Such terms (binding to specific partners, regulating transporters/NOS, viral Tat binding) reflect context-specific interactions rather than the gene product's evolved structural role, and are not supported by the falcon deep research. Reason: Indirect/moonlighting or generic annotation; over-annotation relative to core structural function. |
| GO:0051621 regulation of norepinephrine uptake | IEA GO_REF:0000107 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: 'regulation of norepinephrine uptake' is an indirect/moonlighting or pipeline-transferred annotation that does not represent a core function of cytoplasmic beta-actin. Such terms (binding to specific partners, regulating transporters/NOS, viral Tat binding) reflect context-specific interactions rather than the gene product's evolved structural role, and are not supported by the falcon deep research. Reason: Indirect/moonlighting or generic annotation; over-annotation relative to core structural function. |
| GO:0051726 regulation of cell cycle | IEA GO_REF:0000107 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Reflects regulation of cell cycle, reflecting actin's roles in mitosis/cytokinesis. Reason: Cell-cycle association via cytokinesis; non-core. |
| GO:0070160 tight junction | IEA GO_REF:0000107 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Beta-actin contributes to tight junction-associated actin; a context-dependent, tissue-specific role downstream of its core structural function. Reason: Junctional/epithelial actin role; non-core, context-dependent. |
| GO:0071896 protein localization to adherens junction | IEA GO_REF:0000107 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Beta-actin contributes to protein localization to adherens junction via actin scaffolding; a context-dependent, tissue-specific role downstream of its core structural function. Reason: Junctional/epithelial actin role; non-core, context-dependent. |
| GO:0072749 cellular response to cytochalasin B | IEA GO_REF:0000107 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Cellular response to cytochalasin B reflects the well-known sensitivity of the actin cytoskeleton to cytochalasins, which cap/disrupt actin filaments. This is a genuine but experimentally-defined response, not a core molecular function. Reason: Genuine actin-drug response; non-core. |
| GO:0098871 postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton | IEA GO_REF:0000107 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Beta-actin contributes to postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton (cellular component); a specialized neuronal/synaptic role downstream of the core cytoskeletal function (e.g. actin is required for synaptic vesicle endocytosis). Reason: Specialized synaptic/neuronal actin role; non-core, context-dependent. |
| GO:0098973 structural constituent of postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton | IEA GO_REF:0000107 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Beta-actin contributes to structural constituent of the postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton; a specialized neuronal/synaptic role downstream of the core cytoskeletal function (e.g. actin is required for synaptic vesicle endocytosis). Reason: Specialized synaptic/neuronal actin role; non-core, context-dependent. |
| GO:0098978 glutamatergic synapse | IEA GO_REF:0000107 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Beta-actin contributes to glutamatergic synapse localization; a specialized neuronal/synaptic role downstream of the core cytoskeletal function (e.g. actin is required for synaptic vesicle endocytosis). Reason: Specialized synaptic/neuronal actin role; non-core, context-dependent. |
| GO:0141108 transporter regulator activity | IEA GO_REF:0000107 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: 'transporter regulator activity' is an indirect/moonlighting or pipeline-transferred annotation that does not represent a core function of cytoplasmic beta-actin. Such terms (binding to specific partners, regulating transporters/NOS, viral Tat binding) reflect context-specific interactions rather than the gene product's evolved structural role, and are not supported by the falcon deep research. Reason: Indirect/moonlighting or generic annotation; over-annotation relative to core structural function. |
| GO:0150111 regulation of transepithelial transport | IEA GO_REF:0000107 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: 'regulation of transepithelial transport' is an indirect/moonlighting or pipeline-transferred annotation that does not represent a core function of cytoplasmic beta-actin. Such terms (binding to specific partners, regulating transporters/NOS, viral Tat binding) reflect context-specific interactions rather than the gene product's evolved structural role, and are not supported by the falcon deep research. Reason: Indirect/moonlighting or generic annotation; over-annotation relative to core structural function. |
| GO:1903076 regulation of protein localization to plasma membrane | IEA GO_REF:0000107 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: 'regulation of protein localization to plasma membrane' is an indirect/moonlighting or pipeline-transferred annotation that does not represent a core function of cytoplasmic beta-actin. Such terms (binding to specific partners, regulating transporters/NOS, viral Tat binding) reflect context-specific interactions rather than the gene product's evolved structural role, and are not supported by the falcon deep research. Reason: Indirect/moonlighting or generic annotation; over-annotation relative to core structural function. |
| GO:1905168 positive regulation of double-strand break repair via homologous recombination | IEA GO_REF:0000107 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: This 'positive regulation of double-strand break repair via homologous recombination' annotation (NAS) is transferred from studies of chromatin-remodeling complex subunits (SWI/SNF, BAF, PBAF, esBAF, NuA4/TIP60), not from data on cytoplasmic beta-actin itself. While a minor monomeric nuclear actin pool is a shared structural subunit of some of these complexes, attributing these specific differentiation/cell-cycle/DNA-repair/transcription processes to ACTB is an over-annotation arising from complex/paralog confusion. The falcon deep research contains no chromatin-remodeling, SWI/SNF or BAF evidence for beta-actin. Reason: Over-annotation: process attributed via chromatin-remodeling complex subunit papers, not beta-actin; no supporting falcon evidence. |
| GO:1990904 ribonucleoprotein complex | IEA GO_REF:0000107 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Reflects ribonucleoprotein complex association. Reason: RNP-associated; non-core. |
| GO:0032991 protein-containing complex | ISO GO_REF:0000096 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Reflects membership in assorted protein-containing complexes. Reason: Generic complex membership; non-core. |
| GO:0000786 nucleosome | ISO GO_REF:0000119 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Reflects nucleosome-associated nuclear actin. A small monomeric nuclear actin pool exists and participates in nuclear processes, but this is a minor, context-dependent role, not the core cytoplasmic structural function. The falcon report focuses entirely on cytoplasmic/cytoskeletal beta-actin and provides no chromatin-remodeling evidence. Reason: Minor nuclear actin pool; non-core relative to cytoplasmic structural role. |
| GO:0001725 stress fiber | ISO GO_REF:0000096 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Beta-actin is a component of contractile stress fibers (actomyosin bundles). Reason: Specialized actin-based structure; non-core. |
| GO:0001738 morphogenesis of a polarized epithelium | ISO GO_REF:0000119 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Beta-actin contributes to morphogenesis of a polarized epithelium supported by the actin cytoskeleton; a context-dependent, tissue-specific role downstream of its core structural function. Reason: Junctional/epithelial actin role; non-core, context-dependent. |
| GO:0002102 podosome | ISO GO_REF:0000096 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Beta-actin contributes to podosome actin cores. Reason: Specialized actin-based structure; non-core. |
| GO:0005634 nucleus | ISO GO_REF:0000119 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Reflects nuclear localization of a minor monomeric actin pool. A small monomeric nuclear actin pool exists and participates in nuclear processes, but this is a minor, context-dependent role, not the core cytoplasmic structural function. The falcon report focuses entirely on cytoplasmic/cytoskeletal beta-actin and provides no chromatin-remodeling evidence. Reason: Minor nuclear actin pool; non-core relative to cytoplasmic structural role. |
| GO:0005737 cytoplasm | ISO GO_REF:0000119 | ACCEPT | Summary: Cytoplasmic (non-muscle) beta-actin carries out its core structural function in the cytoplasm as G-actin and F-actin. Reason: Core localization of cytoplasmic beta-actin. Supporting Evidence: file:mouse/Actb/Actb-deep-research-falcon.md Ξ²βactin is a central component of the **actin cytoskeleton**, existing as **monomeric (Gβactin)** and **filamentous (Fβactin)** assemblies that drive processes such as **cell motility** and **cytokinesis**. |
| GO:0005856 cytoskeleton | ISO GO_REF:0000096 | ACCEPT | Summary: Beta-actin is a core structural constituent of the cytoskeleton, present as monomeric and filamentous assemblies that form a major cytoskeletal system. Reason: Core cytoskeletal structural role. Supporting Evidence: file:mouse/Actb/Actb-deep-research-falcon.md Ξ²βactin is a central component of the **actin cytoskeleton**, existing as **monomeric (Gβactin)** and **filamentous (Fβactin)** assemblies that drive processes such as **cell motility** and **cytokinesis**. |
| GO:0005856 cytoskeleton | ISO GO_REF:0000119 | ACCEPT | Summary: Beta-actin is a core structural constituent of the cytoskeleton, present as monomeric and filamentous assemblies that form a major cytoskeletal system. Reason: Core cytoskeletal structural role. Supporting Evidence: file:mouse/Actb/Actb-deep-research-falcon.md Ξ²βactin is a central component of the **actin cytoskeleton**, existing as **monomeric (Gβactin)** and **filamentous (Fβactin)** assemblies that drive processes such as **cell motility** and **cytokinesis**. |
| GO:0005911 cell-cell junction | ISO GO_REF:0000119 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Beta-actin contributes to cell-cell junction localization via the junctional actin cytoskeleton; a context-dependent, tissue-specific role downstream of its core structural function. Reason: Junctional/epithelial actin role; non-core, context-dependent. |
| GO:0005912 adherens junction | ISO GO_REF:0000119 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Beta-actin contributes to adherens junction localization via the junctional actin belt; a context-dependent, tissue-specific role downstream of its core structural function. Reason: Junctional/epithelial actin role; non-core, context-dependent. |
| GO:0007010 cytoskeleton organization | ISO GO_REF:0000096 | ACCEPT | Summary: Polymerization and dynamic turnover of beta-actin into F-actin networks is the basis of cytoskeleton organization; the protein's regulated assembly underlies force generation and scaffolding for processes such as cytokinesis. Reason: Core: actin assembly/turnover is intrinsic to cytoskeleton organization. Supporting Evidence: file:mouse/Actb/Actb-deep-research-falcon.md Ξ²βactinβs primary functional contribution is to **polymerize into Fβactin networks** that act as force-generating and scaffold structures for cellular processes including cytokinesis |
| GO:0007163 establishment or maintenance of cell polarity | ISO GO_REF:0000119 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Beta-actin contributes to establishment/maintenance of cell polarity supported by actin; a context-dependent, tissue-specific role downstream of its core structural function. Reason: Junctional/epithelial actin role; non-core, context-dependent. |
| GO:0007409 axonogenesis | ISO GO_REF:0000096 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Beta-actin contributes to axonogenesis supported by actin dynamics; a specialized neuronal/synaptic role downstream of the core cytoskeletal function (e.g. actin is required for synaptic vesicle endocytosis). Reason: Specialized synaptic/neuronal actin role; non-core, context-dependent. |
| GO:0015629 actin cytoskeleton | ISO GO_REF:0000119 | ACCEPT | Summary: Beta-actin is a central structural component of the actin cytoskeleton; it polymerizes from G-actin monomers into F-actin filaments that build the cytoskeletal networks of the cell. This is the defining, core function of the gene product. Reason: Core cytoskeletal structural role of beta-actin, the primary evolved function. Supporting Evidence: file:mouse/Actb/Actb-deep-research-falcon.md Ξ²βactin is a central component of the **actin cytoskeleton**, existing as **monomeric (Gβactin)** and **filamentous (Fβactin)** assemblies that drive processes such as **cell motility** and **cytokinesis**. |
| GO:0016887 ATP hydrolysis activity | ISO GO_REF:0000119 | ACCEPT | Summary: Actin has intrinsic ATP hydrolysis activity within the filament; ATP hydrolysis on incorporated subunits and subsequent Pi release drive the treadmilling/dynamics of F-actin. ATP hydrolysis is a well-established intrinsic actin activity. Reason: Core: intrinsic ATPase activity powers actin filament dynamics. Canonical actin ATPase property supported by the ISO reference (GO_REF:0000119); the falcon corpus had only a limitations disclaimer on actin's ATP mechanism, so no falcon supporting text is cited here. |
| GO:0019894 kinesin binding | ISO GO_REF:0000119 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: 'kinesin binding' is an indirect/moonlighting or pipeline-transferred annotation that does not represent a core function of cytoplasmic beta-actin. Such terms (binding to specific partners, regulating transporters/NOS, viral Tat binding) reflect context-specific interactions rather than the gene product's evolved structural role, and are not supported by the falcon deep research. Reason: Indirect/moonlighting or generic annotation; over-annotation relative to core structural function. |
| GO:0019901 protein kinase binding | ISO GO_REF:0000096 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: 'protein kinase binding' is an indirect/moonlighting or pipeline-transferred annotation that does not represent a core function of cytoplasmic beta-actin. Such terms (binding to specific partners, regulating transporters/NOS, viral Tat binding) reflect context-specific interactions rather than the gene product's evolved structural role, and are not supported by the falcon deep research. Reason: Indirect/moonlighting or generic annotation; over-annotation relative to core structural function. |
| GO:0019901 protein kinase binding | ISO GO_REF:0000119 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: 'protein kinase binding' is an indirect/moonlighting or pipeline-transferred annotation that does not represent a core function of cytoplasmic beta-actin. Such terms (binding to specific partners, regulating transporters/NOS, viral Tat binding) reflect context-specific interactions rather than the gene product's evolved structural role, and are not supported by the falcon deep research. Reason: Indirect/moonlighting or generic annotation; over-annotation relative to core structural function. |
| GO:0030027 lamellipodium | ISO GO_REF:0000119 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Branched F-actin networks at the leading edge form the lamellipodium; a specialized structure built from beta-actin filaments. Reason: Specialized actin-based structure; non-core localization. |
| GO:0030235 nitric-oxide synthase regulator activity | ISO GO_REF:0000119 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: 'nitric-oxide synthase regulator activity' is an indirect/moonlighting or pipeline-transferred annotation that does not represent a core function of cytoplasmic beta-actin. Such terms (binding to specific partners, regulating transporters/NOS, viral Tat binding) reflect context-specific interactions rather than the gene product's evolved structural role, and are not supported by the falcon deep research. Reason: Indirect/moonlighting or generic annotation; over-annotation relative to core structural function. |
| GO:0030424 axon | ISO GO_REF:0000096 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Beta-actin contributes to axonal actin localization; a specialized neuronal/synaptic role downstream of the core cytoskeletal function (e.g. actin is required for synaptic vesicle endocytosis). Reason: Specialized synaptic/neuronal actin role; non-core, context-dependent. |
| GO:0030957 Tat protein binding | ISO GO_REF:0000119 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: 'Tat protein binding' is an indirect/moonlighting or pipeline-transferred annotation that does not represent a core function of cytoplasmic beta-actin. Such terms (binding to specific partners, regulating transporters/NOS, viral Tat binding) reflect context-specific interactions rather than the gene product's evolved structural role, and are not supported by the falcon deep research. Reason: Indirect/moonlighting or generic annotation; over-annotation relative to core structural function. |
| GO:0032991 protein-containing complex | ISO GO_REF:0000119 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Reflects membership in assorted protein-containing complexes. Reason: Generic complex membership; non-core. |
| GO:0034333 adherens junction assembly | ISO GO_REF:0000119 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Beta-actin contributes to adherens junction assembly supported by actin remodeling; a context-dependent, tissue-specific role downstream of its core structural function. Reason: Junctional/epithelial actin role; non-core, context-dependent. |
| GO:0035267 NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex | ISO GO_REF:0000119 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Reflects co-purification with the NuA4/TIP60 histone acetyltransferase complex (nuclear actin is a shared subunit of several chromatin complexes). Reason: Nuclear complex co-membership; non-core, not the core function. |
| GO:0036464 cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granule | ISO GO_REF:0000119 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Reflects cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granule localization (beta-actin mRNA/protein in RNP granules). Reason: RNP-granule-associated actin; non-core. |
| GO:0042802 identical protein binding | ISO GO_REF:0000119 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Reflects identical protein binding (actin self-association during polymerization). Reason: Self-association during polymerization; non-core descriptor. |
| GO:0043296 apical junction complex | ISO GO_REF:0000119 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Beta-actin contributes to apical junction complex localization via junctional actin; a context-dependent, tissue-specific role downstream of its core structural function. Reason: Junctional/epithelial actin role; non-core, context-dependent. |
| GO:0045121 membrane raft | ISO GO_REF:0000096 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Membrane raft association via the cortical actin cytoskeleton. Reason: Specialized localization; non-core. |
| GO:0045176 apical protein localization | ISO GO_REF:0000119 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Beta-actin contributes to apical protein localization supported by the apical actin cytoskeleton; a context-dependent, tissue-specific role downstream of its core structural function. Reason: Junctional/epithelial actin role; non-core, context-dependent. |
| GO:0048870 cell motility | ISO GO_REF:0000119 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Beta-actin filament networks drive cell motility/migration; a downstream cellular process enabled by the core cytoskeletal function rather than a distinct molecular function. Reason: Bona fide actin-dependent process; non-core relative to the structural role. Supporting Evidence: file:mouse/Actb/Actb-deep-research-falcon.md Ξ²βactin is a central component of the **actin cytoskeleton**, existing as **monomeric (Gβactin)** and **filamentous (Fβactin)** assemblies that drive processes such as **cell motility** and **cytokinesis**. |
| GO:0050998 nitric-oxide synthase binding | ISO GO_REF:0000119 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: 'nitric-oxide synthase binding' is an indirect/moonlighting or pipeline-transferred annotation that does not represent a core function of cytoplasmic beta-actin. Such terms (binding to specific partners, regulating transporters/NOS, viral Tat binding) reflect context-specific interactions rather than the gene product's evolved structural role, and are not supported by the falcon deep research. Reason: Indirect/moonlighting or generic annotation; over-annotation relative to core structural function. |
| GO:0051621 regulation of norepinephrine uptake | ISO GO_REF:0000096 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: 'regulation of norepinephrine uptake' is an indirect/moonlighting or pipeline-transferred annotation that does not represent a core function of cytoplasmic beta-actin. Such terms (binding to specific partners, regulating transporters/NOS, viral Tat binding) reflect context-specific interactions rather than the gene product's evolved structural role, and are not supported by the falcon deep research. Reason: Indirect/moonlighting or generic annotation; over-annotation relative to core structural function. |
| GO:0051621 regulation of norepinephrine uptake | ISO GO_REF:0000119 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: 'regulation of norepinephrine uptake' is an indirect/moonlighting or pipeline-transferred annotation that does not represent a core function of cytoplasmic beta-actin. Such terms (binding to specific partners, regulating transporters/NOS, viral Tat binding) reflect context-specific interactions rather than the gene product's evolved structural role, and are not supported by the falcon deep research. Reason: Indirect/moonlighting or generic annotation; over-annotation relative to core structural function. |
| GO:0051726 regulation of cell cycle | ISO GO_REF:0000119 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Reflects regulation of cell cycle, reflecting actin's roles in mitosis/cytokinesis. Reason: Cell-cycle association via cytokinesis; non-core. |
| GO:0070160 tight junction | ISO GO_REF:0000119 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Beta-actin contributes to tight junction-associated actin; a context-dependent, tissue-specific role downstream of its core structural function. Reason: Junctional/epithelial actin role; non-core, context-dependent. |
| GO:0071257 cellular response to electrical stimulus | ISO GO_REF:0000096 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: 'cellular response to electrical stimulus' is an indirect/moonlighting or pipeline-transferred annotation that does not represent a core function of cytoplasmic beta-actin. Such terms (binding to specific partners, regulating transporters/NOS, viral Tat binding) reflect context-specific interactions rather than the gene product's evolved structural role, and are not supported by the falcon deep research. Reason: Indirect/moonlighting or generic annotation; over-annotation relative to core structural function. |
| GO:0071896 protein localization to adherens junction | ISO GO_REF:0000119 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Beta-actin contributes to protein localization to adherens junction via actin scaffolding; a context-dependent, tissue-specific role downstream of its core structural function. Reason: Junctional/epithelial actin role; non-core, context-dependent. |
| GO:0072749 cellular response to cytochalasin B | ISO GO_REF:0000119 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Cellular response to cytochalasin B reflects the well-known sensitivity of the actin cytoskeleton to cytochalasins, which cap/disrupt actin filaments. This is a genuine but experimentally-defined response, not a core molecular function. Reason: Genuine actin-drug response; non-core. |
| GO:0098871 postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton | ISO GO_REF:0000119 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Beta-actin contributes to postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton (cellular component); a specialized neuronal/synaptic role downstream of the core cytoskeletal function (e.g. actin is required for synaptic vesicle endocytosis). Reason: Specialized synaptic/neuronal actin role; non-core, context-dependent. |
| GO:0098973 structural constituent of postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton | ISO GO_REF:0000119 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Beta-actin contributes to structural constituent of the postsynaptic actin cytoskeleton; a specialized neuronal/synaptic role downstream of the core cytoskeletal function (e.g. actin is required for synaptic vesicle endocytosis). Reason: Specialized synaptic/neuronal actin role; non-core, context-dependent. |
| GO:0098978 glutamatergic synapse | ISO GO_REF:0000119 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Beta-actin contributes to glutamatergic synapse localization; a specialized neuronal/synaptic role downstream of the core cytoskeletal function (e.g. actin is required for synaptic vesicle endocytosis). Reason: Specialized synaptic/neuronal actin role; non-core, context-dependent. |
| GO:0141108 transporter regulator activity | ISO GO_REF:0000119 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: 'transporter regulator activity' is an indirect/moonlighting or pipeline-transferred annotation that does not represent a core function of cytoplasmic beta-actin. Such terms (binding to specific partners, regulating transporters/NOS, viral Tat binding) reflect context-specific interactions rather than the gene product's evolved structural role, and are not supported by the falcon deep research. Reason: Indirect/moonlighting or generic annotation; over-annotation relative to core structural function. |
| GO:0150111 regulation of transepithelial transport | ISO GO_REF:0000119 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: 'regulation of transepithelial transport' is an indirect/moonlighting or pipeline-transferred annotation that does not represent a core function of cytoplasmic beta-actin. Such terms (binding to specific partners, regulating transporters/NOS, viral Tat binding) reflect context-specific interactions rather than the gene product's evolved structural role, and are not supported by the falcon deep research. Reason: Indirect/moonlighting or generic annotation; over-annotation relative to core structural function. |
| GO:1903076 regulation of protein localization to plasma membrane | ISO GO_REF:0000119 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: 'regulation of protein localization to plasma membrane' is an indirect/moonlighting or pipeline-transferred annotation that does not represent a core function of cytoplasmic beta-actin. Such terms (binding to specific partners, regulating transporters/NOS, viral Tat binding) reflect context-specific interactions rather than the gene product's evolved structural role, and are not supported by the falcon deep research. Reason: Indirect/moonlighting or generic annotation; over-annotation relative to core structural function. |
| GO:1905168 positive regulation of double-strand break repair via homologous recombination | ISO GO_REF:0000119 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: This 'positive regulation of double-strand break repair via homologous recombination' annotation (NAS) is transferred from studies of chromatin-remodeling complex subunits (SWI/SNF, BAF, PBAF, esBAF, NuA4/TIP60), not from data on cytoplasmic beta-actin itself. While a minor monomeric nuclear actin pool is a shared structural subunit of some of these complexes, attributing these specific differentiation/cell-cycle/DNA-repair/transcription processes to ACTB is an over-annotation arising from complex/paralog confusion. The falcon deep research contains no chromatin-remodeling, SWI/SNF or BAF evidence for beta-actin. Reason: Over-annotation: process attributed via chromatin-remodeling complex subunit papers, not beta-actin; no supporting falcon evidence. |
| GO:1990904 ribonucleoprotein complex | ISO GO_REF:0000119 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Reflects ribonucleoprotein complex association. Reason: RNP-associated; non-core. |
| GO:0000776 kinetochore | NAS PMID:11078522 The human SWI/SNF-B chromatin-remodeling complex is related ... | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: This 'kinetochore' annotation (NAS) is transferred from studies of chromatin-remodeling complex subunits (SWI/SNF, BAF, PBAF, esBAF, NuA4/TIP60), not from data on cytoplasmic beta-actin itself. While a minor monomeric nuclear actin pool is a shared structural subunit of some of these complexes, attributing these specific differentiation/cell-cycle/DNA-repair/transcription processes to ACTB is an over-annotation arising from complex/paralog confusion. The falcon deep research contains no chromatin-remodeling, SWI/SNF or BAF evidence for beta-actin. Reason: Over-annotation: process attributed via chromatin-remodeling complex subunit papers, not beta-actin; no supporting falcon evidence. Supporting Evidence: PMID:11078522 The human SWI/SNF-B chromatin-remodeling complex is related to yeast rsc and localizes at kinetochores of mitotic chromosomes. |
| GO:0000785 chromatin | NAS PMID:12192000 REST repression of neuronal genes requires components of the... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Reflects chromatin association of nuclear actin. A small monomeric nuclear actin pool exists and participates in nuclear processes, but this is a minor, context-dependent role, not the core cytoplasmic structural function. The falcon report focuses entirely on cytoplasmic/cytoskeletal beta-actin and provides no chromatin-remodeling evidence. Reason: Minor nuclear actin pool; non-core relative to cytoplasmic structural role. Supporting Evidence: PMID:12192000 2002 Aug 20. REST repression of neuronal genes requires components of the hSWI.SNF complex. |
| GO:0000785 chromatin | NAS PMID:29374058 Glioma tumor suppressor candidate region gene 1 (GLTSCR1) an... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Reflects chromatin association of nuclear actin. A small monomeric nuclear actin pool exists and participates in nuclear processes, but this is a minor, context-dependent role, not the core cytoplasmic structural function. The falcon report focuses entirely on cytoplasmic/cytoskeletal beta-actin and provides no chromatin-remodeling evidence. Reason: Minor nuclear actin pool; non-core relative to cytoplasmic structural role. Supporting Evidence: PMID:29374058 Epub 2018 Jan 26. Glioma tumor suppressor candidate region gene 1 (GLTSCR1) and its paralog GLTSCR1-like form SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling subcomplexes. |
| GO:0006338 chromatin remodeling | NAS PMID:10078207 Reconstitution of a core chromatin remodeling complex from S... | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: This 'chromatin remodeling' annotation (NAS) is transferred from studies of chromatin-remodeling complex subunits (SWI/SNF, BAF, PBAF, esBAF, NuA4/TIP60), not from data on cytoplasmic beta-actin itself. While a minor monomeric nuclear actin pool is a shared structural subunit of some of these complexes, attributing these specific differentiation/cell-cycle/DNA-repair/transcription processes to ACTB is an over-annotation arising from complex/paralog confusion. The falcon deep research contains no chromatin-remodeling, SWI/SNF or BAF evidence for beta-actin. Reason: Over-annotation: process attributed via chromatin-remodeling complex subunit papers, not beta-actin; no supporting falcon evidence. Supporting Evidence: PMID:10078207 Reconstitution of a core chromatin remodeling complex from SWI/SNF subunits. |
| GO:0006338 chromatin remodeling | NAS PMID:29374058 Glioma tumor suppressor candidate region gene 1 (GLTSCR1) an... | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: This 'chromatin remodeling' annotation (NAS) is transferred from studies of chromatin-remodeling complex subunits (SWI/SNF, BAF, PBAF, esBAF, NuA4/TIP60), not from data on cytoplasmic beta-actin itself. While a minor monomeric nuclear actin pool is a shared structural subunit of some of these complexes, attributing these specific differentiation/cell-cycle/DNA-repair/transcription processes to ACTB is an over-annotation arising from complex/paralog confusion. The falcon deep research contains no chromatin-remodeling, SWI/SNF or BAF evidence for beta-actin. Reason: Over-annotation: process attributed via chromatin-remodeling complex subunit papers, not beta-actin; no supporting falcon evidence. Supporting Evidence: PMID:29374058 Epub 2018 Jan 26. Glioma tumor suppressor candidate region gene 1 (GLTSCR1) and its paralog GLTSCR1-like form SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling subcomplexes. |
| GO:0006357 regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II | NAS PMID:11263494 The murine SNF5/INI1 chromatin remodeling factor is essentia... | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: This 'regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II' annotation (NAS) is transferred from studies of chromatin-remodeling complex subunits (SWI/SNF, BAF, PBAF, esBAF, NuA4/TIP60), not from data on cytoplasmic beta-actin itself. While a minor monomeric nuclear actin pool is a shared structural subunit of some of these complexes, attributing these specific differentiation/cell-cycle/DNA-repair/transcription processes to ACTB is an over-annotation arising from complex/paralog confusion. The falcon deep research contains no chromatin-remodeling, SWI/SNF or BAF evidence for beta-actin. Reason: Over-annotation: process attributed via chromatin-remodeling complex subunit papers, not beta-actin; no supporting falcon evidence. Supporting Evidence: PMID:11263494 The murine SNF5/INI1 chromatin remodeling factor is essential for embryonic development and tumor suppression. |
| GO:0006357 regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II | NAS PMID:17340523 Separation and Quantification of Some Alkaloids from Fumaria... | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: This 'regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II' annotation (NAS) is transferred from studies of chromatin-remodeling complex subunits (SWI/SNF, BAF, PBAF, esBAF, NuA4/TIP60), not from data on cytoplasmic beta-actin itself. While a minor monomeric nuclear actin pool is a shared structural subunit of some of these complexes, attributing these specific differentiation/cell-cycle/DNA-repair/transcription processes to ACTB is an over-annotation arising from complex/paralog confusion. The falcon deep research contains no chromatin-remodeling, SWI/SNF or BAF evidence for beta-actin. Reason: Over-annotation: process attributed via chromatin-remodeling complex subunit papers, not beta-actin; no supporting falcon evidence. Supporting Evidence: PMID:17340523 Separation and Quantification of Some Alkaloids from Fumaria parviflora by Capillary Isotachophoresis1. |
| GO:0006357 regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II | NAS PMID:17920018 Regulation of dendritic development by neuron-specific chrom... | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: This 'regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II' annotation (NAS) is transferred from studies of chromatin-remodeling complex subunits (SWI/SNF, BAF, PBAF, esBAF, NuA4/TIP60), not from data on cytoplasmic beta-actin itself. While a minor monomeric nuclear actin pool is a shared structural subunit of some of these complexes, attributing these specific differentiation/cell-cycle/DNA-repair/transcription processes to ACTB is an over-annotation arising from complex/paralog confusion. The falcon deep research contains no chromatin-remodeling, SWI/SNF or BAF evidence for beta-actin. Reason: Over-annotation: process attributed via chromatin-remodeling complex subunit papers, not beta-actin; no supporting falcon evidence. Supporting Evidence: PMID:17920018 Regulation of dendritic development by neuron-specific chromatin remodeling complexes. |
| GO:0006357 regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II | NAS PMID:18809673 BRD7, a novel PBAF-specific SWI/SNF subunit, is required for... | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: This 'regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II' annotation (NAS) is transferred from studies of chromatin-remodeling complex subunits (SWI/SNF, BAF, PBAF, esBAF, NuA4/TIP60), not from data on cytoplasmic beta-actin itself. While a minor monomeric nuclear actin pool is a shared structural subunit of some of these complexes, attributing these specific differentiation/cell-cycle/DNA-repair/transcription processes to ACTB is an over-annotation arising from complex/paralog confusion. The falcon deep research contains no chromatin-remodeling, SWI/SNF or BAF evidence for beta-actin. Reason: Over-annotation: process attributed via chromatin-remodeling complex subunit papers, not beta-actin; no supporting falcon evidence. Supporting Evidence: PMID:18809673 2008 Sep 22. BRD7, a novel PBAF-specific SWI/SNF subunit, is required for target gene activation and repression in embryonic stem cells. |
| GO:0006357 regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II | NAS PMID:29374058 Glioma tumor suppressor candidate region gene 1 (GLTSCR1) an... | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: This 'regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II' annotation (NAS) is transferred from studies of chromatin-remodeling complex subunits (SWI/SNF, BAF, PBAF, esBAF, NuA4/TIP60), not from data on cytoplasmic beta-actin itself. While a minor monomeric nuclear actin pool is a shared structural subunit of some of these complexes, attributing these specific differentiation/cell-cycle/DNA-repair/transcription processes to ACTB is an over-annotation arising from complex/paralog confusion. The falcon deep research contains no chromatin-remodeling, SWI/SNF or BAF evidence for beta-actin. Reason: Over-annotation: process attributed via chromatin-remodeling complex subunit papers, not beta-actin; no supporting falcon evidence. Supporting Evidence: PMID:29374058 Epub 2018 Jan 26. Glioma tumor suppressor candidate region gene 1 (GLTSCR1) and its paralog GLTSCR1-like form SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling subcomplexes. |
| GO:0008284 positive regulation of cell population proliferation | NAS PMID:29374058 Glioma tumor suppressor candidate region gene 1 (GLTSCR1) an... | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: This 'positive regulation of cell population proliferation' annotation (NAS) is transferred from studies of chromatin-remodeling complex subunits (SWI/SNF, BAF, PBAF, esBAF, NuA4/TIP60), not from data on cytoplasmic beta-actin itself. While a minor monomeric nuclear actin pool is a shared structural subunit of some of these complexes, attributing these specific differentiation/cell-cycle/DNA-repair/transcription processes to ACTB is an over-annotation arising from complex/paralog confusion. The falcon deep research contains no chromatin-remodeling, SWI/SNF or BAF evidence for beta-actin. Reason: Over-annotation: process attributed via chromatin-remodeling complex subunit papers, not beta-actin; no supporting falcon evidence. Supporting Evidence: PMID:29374058 Epub 2018 Jan 26. Glioma tumor suppressor candidate region gene 1 (GLTSCR1) and its paralog GLTSCR1-like form SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling subcomplexes. |
| GO:0016363 nuclear matrix | NAS PMID:9128241 Components of the human SWI/SNF complex are enriched in acti... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Reflects nuclear matrix association. A small monomeric nuclear actin pool exists and participates in nuclear processes, but this is a minor, context-dependent role, not the core cytoplasmic structural function. The falcon report focuses entirely on cytoplasmic/cytoskeletal beta-actin and provides no chromatin-remodeling evidence. Reason: Minor nuclear actin pool; non-core relative to cytoplasmic structural role. Supporting Evidence: PMID:9128241 Components of the human SWI/SNF complex are enriched in active chromatin and are associated with the nuclear matrix. |
| GO:0030071 regulation of mitotic metaphase/anaphase transition | NAS PMID:23698369 BAF complexes facilitate decatenation of DNA by topoisomeras... | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: This 'regulation of mitotic metaphase/anaphase transition' annotation (NAS) is transferred from studies of chromatin-remodeling complex subunits (SWI/SNF, BAF, PBAF, esBAF, NuA4/TIP60), not from data on cytoplasmic beta-actin itself. While a minor monomeric nuclear actin pool is a shared structural subunit of some of these complexes, attributing these specific differentiation/cell-cycle/DNA-repair/transcription processes to ACTB is an over-annotation arising from complex/paralog confusion. The falcon deep research contains no chromatin-remodeling, SWI/SNF or BAF evidence for beta-actin. Reason: Over-annotation: process attributed via chromatin-remodeling complex subunit papers, not beta-actin; no supporting falcon evidence. Supporting Evidence: PMID:23698369 BAF complexes facilitate decatenation of DNA by topoisomerase IIΞ±. |
| GO:0030071 regulation of mitotic metaphase/anaphase transition | NAS PMID:25066234 Requirement for PBAF in transcriptional repression and repai... | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: This 'regulation of mitotic metaphase/anaphase transition' annotation (NAS) is transferred from studies of chromatin-remodeling complex subunits (SWI/SNF, BAF, PBAF, esBAF, NuA4/TIP60), not from data on cytoplasmic beta-actin itself. While a minor monomeric nuclear actin pool is a shared structural subunit of some of these complexes, attributing these specific differentiation/cell-cycle/DNA-repair/transcription processes to ACTB is an over-annotation arising from complex/paralog confusion. The falcon deep research contains no chromatin-remodeling, SWI/SNF or BAF evidence for beta-actin. Reason: Over-annotation: process attributed via chromatin-remodeling complex subunit papers, not beta-actin; no supporting falcon evidence. Supporting Evidence: PMID:25066234 2014 Jul 24. Requirement for PBAF in transcriptional repression and repair at DNA breaks in actively transcribed regions of chromatin. |
| GO:0042981 regulation of apoptotic process | NAS PMID:14966270 Structural and functional conservation of the NuA4 histone a... | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: This 'regulation of apoptotic process' annotation (NAS) is transferred from studies of chromatin-remodeling complex subunits (SWI/SNF, BAF, PBAF, esBAF, NuA4/TIP60), not from data on cytoplasmic beta-actin itself. While a minor monomeric nuclear actin pool is a shared structural subunit of some of these complexes, attributing these specific differentiation/cell-cycle/DNA-repair/transcription processes to ACTB is an over-annotation arising from complex/paralog confusion. The falcon deep research contains no chromatin-remodeling, SWI/SNF or BAF evidence for beta-actin. Reason: Over-annotation: process attributed via chromatin-remodeling complex subunit papers, not beta-actin; no supporting falcon evidence. Supporting Evidence: PMID:14966270 Structural and functional conservation of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex from yeast to humans. |
| GO:0045582 positive regulation of T cell differentiation | NAS PMID:12110891 Reciprocal regulation of CD4/CD8 expression by SWI/SNF-like ... | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: This 'positive regulation of T cell differentiation' annotation (NAS) is transferred from studies of chromatin-remodeling complex subunits (SWI/SNF, BAF, PBAF, esBAF, NuA4/TIP60), not from data on cytoplasmic beta-actin itself. While a minor monomeric nuclear actin pool is a shared structural subunit of some of these complexes, attributing these specific differentiation/cell-cycle/DNA-repair/transcription processes to ACTB is an over-annotation arising from complex/paralog confusion. The falcon deep research contains no chromatin-remodeling, SWI/SNF or BAF evidence for beta-actin. Reason: Over-annotation: process attributed via chromatin-remodeling complex subunit papers, not beta-actin; no supporting falcon evidence. Supporting Evidence: PMID:12110891 Reciprocal regulation of CD4/CD8 expression by SWI/SNF-like BAF complexes. |
| GO:0045596 negative regulation of cell differentiation | NAS PMID:30510198 A non-canonical BRD9-containing BAF chromatin remodeling com... | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: This 'negative regulation of cell differentiation' annotation (NAS) is transferred from studies of chromatin-remodeling complex subunits (SWI/SNF, BAF, PBAF, esBAF, NuA4/TIP60), not from data on cytoplasmic beta-actin itself. While a minor monomeric nuclear actin pool is a shared structural subunit of some of these complexes, attributing these specific differentiation/cell-cycle/DNA-repair/transcription processes to ACTB is an over-annotation arising from complex/paralog confusion. The falcon deep research contains no chromatin-remodeling, SWI/SNF or BAF evidence for beta-actin. Reason: Over-annotation: process attributed via chromatin-remodeling complex subunit papers, not beta-actin; no supporting falcon evidence. Supporting Evidence: PMID:30510198 A non-canonical BRD9-containing BAF chromatin remodeling complex regulates naive pluripotency in mouse embryonic stem cells. |
| GO:0045597 positive regulation of cell differentiation | NAS PMID:11790558 SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling and cancer. | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: This 'positive regulation of cell differentiation' annotation (NAS) is transferred from studies of chromatin-remodeling complex subunits (SWI/SNF, BAF, PBAF, esBAF, NuA4/TIP60), not from data on cytoplasmic beta-actin itself. While a minor monomeric nuclear actin pool is a shared structural subunit of some of these complexes, attributing these specific differentiation/cell-cycle/DNA-repair/transcription processes to ACTB is an over-annotation arising from complex/paralog confusion. The falcon deep research contains no chromatin-remodeling, SWI/SNF or BAF evidence for beta-actin. Reason: Over-annotation: process attributed via chromatin-remodeling complex subunit papers, not beta-actin; no supporting falcon evidence. Supporting Evidence: PMID:11790558 SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling and cancer. |
| GO:0045597 positive regulation of cell differentiation | NAS PMID:12368262 Identification of a polymorphic, neuron-specific chromatin r... | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: This 'positive regulation of cell differentiation' annotation (NAS) is transferred from studies of chromatin-remodeling complex subunits (SWI/SNF, BAF, PBAF, esBAF, NuA4/TIP60), not from data on cytoplasmic beta-actin itself. While a minor monomeric nuclear actin pool is a shared structural subunit of some of these complexes, attributing these specific differentiation/cell-cycle/DNA-repair/transcription processes to ACTB is an over-annotation arising from complex/paralog confusion. The falcon deep research contains no chromatin-remodeling, SWI/SNF or BAF evidence for beta-actin. Reason: Over-annotation: process attributed via chromatin-remodeling complex subunit papers, not beta-actin; no supporting falcon evidence. Supporting Evidence: PMID:12368262 Identification of a polymorphic, neuron-specific chromatin remodeling complex. |
| GO:0045663 positive regulation of myoblast differentiation | NAS PMID:11175787 Mammalian SWI/SNF complexes promote MyoD-mediated muscle dif... | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: This 'positive regulation of myoblast differentiation' annotation (NAS) is transferred from studies of chromatin-remodeling complex subunits (SWI/SNF, BAF, PBAF, esBAF, NuA4/TIP60), not from data on cytoplasmic beta-actin itself. While a minor monomeric nuclear actin pool is a shared structural subunit of some of these complexes, attributing these specific differentiation/cell-cycle/DNA-repair/transcription processes to ACTB is an over-annotation arising from complex/paralog confusion. The falcon deep research contains no chromatin-remodeling, SWI/SNF or BAF evidence for beta-actin. Reason: Over-annotation: process attributed via chromatin-remodeling complex subunit papers, not beta-actin; no supporting falcon evidence. Supporting Evidence: PMID:11175787 Mammalian SWI/SNF complexes promote MyoD-mediated muscle differentiation. |
| GO:0045663 positive regulation of myoblast differentiation | NAS PMID:15985610 PBAF chromatin-remodeling complex requires a novel specifici... | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: This 'positive regulation of myoblast differentiation' annotation (NAS) is transferred from studies of chromatin-remodeling complex subunits (SWI/SNF, BAF, PBAF, esBAF, NuA4/TIP60), not from data on cytoplasmic beta-actin itself. While a minor monomeric nuclear actin pool is a shared structural subunit of some of these complexes, attributing these specific differentiation/cell-cycle/DNA-repair/transcription processes to ACTB is an over-annotation arising from complex/paralog confusion. The falcon deep research contains no chromatin-remodeling, SWI/SNF or BAF evidence for beta-actin. Reason: Over-annotation: process attributed via chromatin-remodeling complex subunit papers, not beta-actin; no supporting falcon evidence. Supporting Evidence: PMID:15985610 PBAF chromatin-remodeling complex requires a novel specificity subunit, BAF200, to regulate expression of selective interferon-responsive genes. |
| GO:0045893 positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription | NAS PMID:27153538 The TIP60 Complex Regulates Bivalent Chromatin Recognition b... | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: This 'positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription' annotation (NAS) is transferred from studies of chromatin-remodeling complex subunits (SWI/SNF, BAF, PBAF, esBAF, NuA4/TIP60), not from data on cytoplasmic beta-actin itself. While a minor monomeric nuclear actin pool is a shared structural subunit of some of these complexes, attributing these specific differentiation/cell-cycle/DNA-repair/transcription processes to ACTB is an over-annotation arising from complex/paralog confusion. The falcon deep research contains no chromatin-remodeling, SWI/SNF or BAF evidence for beta-actin. Reason: Over-annotation: process attributed via chromatin-remodeling complex subunit papers, not beta-actin; no supporting falcon evidence. Supporting Evidence: PMID:27153538 The TIP60 Complex Regulates Bivalent Chromatin Recognition by 53BP1 through Direct H4K20me Binding and H2AK15 Acetylation. |
| GO:0070316 regulation of G0 to G1 transition | NAS PMID:11790558 SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling and cancer. | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: This 'regulation of G0 to G1 transition' annotation (NAS) is transferred from studies of chromatin-remodeling complex subunits (SWI/SNF, BAF, PBAF, esBAF, NuA4/TIP60), not from data on cytoplasmic beta-actin itself. While a minor monomeric nuclear actin pool is a shared structural subunit of some of these complexes, attributing these specific differentiation/cell-cycle/DNA-repair/transcription processes to ACTB is an over-annotation arising from complex/paralog confusion. The falcon deep research contains no chromatin-remodeling, SWI/SNF or BAF evidence for beta-actin. Reason: Over-annotation: process attributed via chromatin-remodeling complex subunit papers, not beta-actin; no supporting falcon evidence. Supporting Evidence: PMID:11790558 SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling and cancer. |
| GO:1902459 positive regulation of stem cell population maintenance | NAS PMID:19279220 An embryonic stem cell chromatin remodeling complex, esBAF, ... | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: This 'positive regulation of stem cell population maintenance' annotation (NAS) is transferred from studies of chromatin-remodeling complex subunits (SWI/SNF, BAF, PBAF, esBAF, NuA4/TIP60), not from data on cytoplasmic beta-actin itself. While a minor monomeric nuclear actin pool is a shared structural subunit of some of these complexes, attributing these specific differentiation/cell-cycle/DNA-repair/transcription processes to ACTB is an over-annotation arising from complex/paralog confusion. The falcon deep research contains no chromatin-remodeling, SWI/SNF or BAF evidence for beta-actin. Reason: Over-annotation: process attributed via chromatin-remodeling complex subunit papers, not beta-actin; no supporting falcon evidence. Supporting Evidence: PMID:19279220 An embryonic stem cell chromatin remodeling complex, esBAF, is essential for embryonic stem cell self-renewal and pluripotency. |
| GO:1902459 positive regulation of stem cell population maintenance | NAS PMID:30510198 A non-canonical BRD9-containing BAF chromatin remodeling com... | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: This 'positive regulation of stem cell population maintenance' annotation (NAS) is transferred from studies of chromatin-remodeling complex subunits (SWI/SNF, BAF, PBAF, esBAF, NuA4/TIP60), not from data on cytoplasmic beta-actin itself. While a minor monomeric nuclear actin pool is a shared structural subunit of some of these complexes, attributing these specific differentiation/cell-cycle/DNA-repair/transcription processes to ACTB is an over-annotation arising from complex/paralog confusion. The falcon deep research contains no chromatin-remodeling, SWI/SNF or BAF evidence for beta-actin. Reason: Over-annotation: process attributed via chromatin-remodeling complex subunit papers, not beta-actin; no supporting falcon evidence. Supporting Evidence: PMID:30510198 A non-canonical BRD9-containing BAF chromatin remodeling complex regulates naive pluripotency in mouse embryonic stem cells. |
| GO:2000045 regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle | NAS PMID:10778858 Exit from G1 and S phase of the cell cycle is regulated by r... | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: This 'regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle' annotation (NAS) is transferred from studies of chromatin-remodeling complex subunits (SWI/SNF, BAF, PBAF, esBAF, NuA4/TIP60), not from data on cytoplasmic beta-actin itself. While a minor monomeric nuclear actin pool is a shared structural subunit of some of these complexes, attributing these specific differentiation/cell-cycle/DNA-repair/transcription processes to ACTB is an over-annotation arising from complex/paralog confusion. The falcon deep research contains no chromatin-remodeling, SWI/SNF or BAF evidence for beta-actin. Reason: Over-annotation: process attributed via chromatin-remodeling complex subunit papers, not beta-actin; no supporting falcon evidence. Supporting Evidence: PMID:10778858 Exit from G1 and S phase of the cell cycle is regulated by repressor complexes containing HDAC-Rb-hSWI/SNF and Rb-hSWI/SNF. |
| GO:2000779 regulation of double-strand break repair | NAS PMID:14966270 Structural and functional conservation of the NuA4 histone a... | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: This 'regulation of double-strand break repair' annotation (NAS) is transferred from studies of chromatin-remodeling complex subunits (SWI/SNF, BAF, PBAF, esBAF, NuA4/TIP60), not from data on cytoplasmic beta-actin itself. While a minor monomeric nuclear actin pool is a shared structural subunit of some of these complexes, attributing these specific differentiation/cell-cycle/DNA-repair/transcription processes to ACTB is an over-annotation arising from complex/paralog confusion. The falcon deep research contains no chromatin-remodeling, SWI/SNF or BAF evidence for beta-actin. Reason: Over-annotation: process attributed via chromatin-remodeling complex subunit papers, not beta-actin; no supporting falcon evidence. Supporting Evidence: PMID:14966270 Structural and functional conservation of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex from yeast to humans. |
| GO:2000781 positive regulation of double-strand break repair | NAS PMID:16932743 Mammalian SWI/SNF complexes facilitate DNA double-strand bre... | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: This 'positive regulation of double-strand break repair' annotation (NAS) is transferred from studies of chromatin-remodeling complex subunits (SWI/SNF, BAF, PBAF, esBAF, NuA4/TIP60), not from data on cytoplasmic beta-actin itself. While a minor monomeric nuclear actin pool is a shared structural subunit of some of these complexes, attributing these specific differentiation/cell-cycle/DNA-repair/transcription processes to ACTB is an over-annotation arising from complex/paralog confusion. The falcon deep research contains no chromatin-remodeling, SWI/SNF or BAF evidence for beta-actin. Reason: Over-annotation: process attributed via chromatin-remodeling complex subunit papers, not beta-actin; no supporting falcon evidence. Supporting Evidence: PMID:16932743 Aug 24. Mammalian SWI/SNF complexes facilitate DNA double-strand break repair by promoting gamma-H2AX induction. |
| GO:2000781 positive regulation of double-strand break repair | NAS PMID:25066234 Requirement for PBAF in transcriptional repression and repai... | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: This 'positive regulation of double-strand break repair' annotation (NAS) is transferred from studies of chromatin-remodeling complex subunits (SWI/SNF, BAF, PBAF, esBAF, NuA4/TIP60), not from data on cytoplasmic beta-actin itself. While a minor monomeric nuclear actin pool is a shared structural subunit of some of these complexes, attributing these specific differentiation/cell-cycle/DNA-repair/transcription processes to ACTB is an over-annotation arising from complex/paralog confusion. The falcon deep research contains no chromatin-remodeling, SWI/SNF or BAF evidence for beta-actin. Reason: Over-annotation: process attributed via chromatin-remodeling complex subunit papers, not beta-actin; no supporting falcon evidence. Supporting Evidence: PMID:25066234 2014 Jul 24. Requirement for PBAF in transcriptional repression and repair at DNA breaks in actively transcribed regions of chromatin. |
| GO:2000819 regulation of nucleotide-excision repair | NAS PMID:12215535 The SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling factor stimulates repair by... | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: This 'regulation of nucleotide-excision repair' annotation (NAS) is transferred from studies of chromatin-remodeling complex subunits (SWI/SNF, BAF, PBAF, esBAF, NuA4/TIP60), not from data on cytoplasmic beta-actin itself. While a minor monomeric nuclear actin pool is a shared structural subunit of some of these complexes, attributing these specific differentiation/cell-cycle/DNA-repair/transcription processes to ACTB is an over-annotation arising from complex/paralog confusion. The falcon deep research contains no chromatin-remodeling, SWI/SNF or BAF evidence for beta-actin. Reason: Over-annotation: process attributed via chromatin-remodeling complex subunit papers, not beta-actin; no supporting falcon evidence. Supporting Evidence: PMID:12215535 The SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling factor stimulates repair by human excision nuclease in the mononucleosome core particle. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:24806444 AmotL2 links VE-cadherin to contractile actin fibres necessa... | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: Generic 'protein binding' (IPI) capturing individual interaction partners (PKC-epsilon, TRPM7, CAR, AmotL2, TPRN, CDK5/p39, copine, pannexin, Hsc70, etc.). Per GO curation guidelines this uninformative term should be replaced by specific molecular-function or complex annotations rather than retained as a core function. These pairwise interactions do not define beta-actin's core structural function. Reason: Uninformative 'protein binding'; reflects assorted interaction partners, not a core molecular function. Avoid GO:0005515 per curation guidelines. Supporting Evidence: PMID:24806444 AmotL2 links VE-cadherin to contractile actin fibres necessary for aortic lumen expansion. |
| GO:0044305 calyx of Held | IMP PMID:27840001 Actin Is Crucial for All Kinetically Distinguishable Forms o... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Beta-actin contributes to calyx of Held presynaptic localization; a specialized neuronal/synaptic role downstream of the core cytoskeletal function (e.g. actin is required for synaptic vesicle endocytosis). Reason: Specialized synaptic/neuronal actin role; non-core, context-dependent. Supporting Evidence: PMID:27840001 2016 Nov 10. Actin Is Crucial for All Kinetically Distinguishable Forms of Endocytosis at Synapses. |
| GO:0044305 calyx of Held | IDA PMID:27840001 Actin Is Crucial for All Kinetically Distinguishable Forms o... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Beta-actin contributes to calyx of Held presynaptic localization; a specialized neuronal/synaptic role downstream of the core cytoskeletal function (e.g. actin is required for synaptic vesicle endocytosis). Reason: Specialized synaptic/neuronal actin role; non-core, context-dependent. Supporting Evidence: PMID:27840001 2016 Nov 10. Actin Is Crucial for All Kinetically Distinguishable Forms of Endocytosis at Synapses. |
| GO:0098685 Schaffer collateral - CA1 synapse | IMP PMID:27840001 Actin Is Crucial for All Kinetically Distinguishable Forms o... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Beta-actin contributes to Schaffer collateral - CA1 synapse localization; a specialized neuronal/synaptic role downstream of the core cytoskeletal function (e.g. actin is required for synaptic vesicle endocytosis). Reason: Specialized synaptic/neuronal actin role; non-core, context-dependent. Supporting Evidence: PMID:27840001 2016 Nov 10. Actin Is Crucial for All Kinetically Distinguishable Forms of Endocytosis at Synapses. |
| GO:0098685 Schaffer collateral - CA1 synapse | IDA PMID:27840001 Actin Is Crucial for All Kinetically Distinguishable Forms o... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Beta-actin contributes to Schaffer collateral - CA1 synapse localization; a specialized neuronal/synaptic role downstream of the core cytoskeletal function (e.g. actin is required for synaptic vesicle endocytosis). Reason: Specialized synaptic/neuronal actin role; non-core, context-dependent. Supporting Evidence: PMID:27840001 2016 Nov 10. Actin Is Crucial for All Kinetically Distinguishable Forms of Endocytosis at Synapses. |
| GO:1900242 regulation of synaptic vesicle endocytosis | IMP PMID:27840001 Actin Is Crucial for All Kinetically Distinguishable Forms o... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Beta-actin contributes to regulation of synaptic vesicle endocytosis via presynaptic actin; a specialized neuronal/synaptic role downstream of the core cytoskeletal function (e.g. actin is required for synaptic vesicle endocytosis). Reason: Specialized synaptic/neuronal actin role; non-core, context-dependent. Supporting Evidence: PMID:27840001 2016 Nov 10. Actin Is Crucial for All Kinetically Distinguishable Forms of Endocytosis at Synapses. |
| GO:1900242 regulation of synaptic vesicle endocytosis | IDA PMID:27840001 Actin Is Crucial for All Kinetically Distinguishable Forms o... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Beta-actin contributes to regulation of synaptic vesicle endocytosis via presynaptic actin; a specialized neuronal/synaptic role downstream of the core cytoskeletal function (e.g. actin is required for synaptic vesicle endocytosis). Reason: Specialized synaptic/neuronal actin role; non-core, context-dependent. Supporting Evidence: PMID:27840001 2016 Nov 10. Actin Is Crucial for All Kinetically Distinguishable Forms of Endocytosis at Synapses. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:37952086 Critical role of TPRN rings in the stereocilia for hearing. | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: Generic 'protein binding' (IPI) capturing individual interaction partners (PKC-epsilon, TRPM7, CAR, AmotL2, TPRN, CDK5/p39, copine, pannexin, Hsc70, etc.). Per GO curation guidelines this uninformative term should be replaced by specific molecular-function or complex annotations rather than retained as a core function. These pairwise interactions do not define beta-actin's core structural function. Reason: Uninformative 'protein binding'; reflects assorted interaction partners, not a core molecular function. Avoid GO:0005515 per curation guidelines. Supporting Evidence: PMID:37952086 2023 Nov 11. Critical role of TPRN rings in the stereocilia for hearing. |
| GO:0005903 brush border | IDA PMID:33129760 Transmembrane and Immunoglobulin Domain Containing 1, a Puta... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Beta-actin in the brush border microvillar actin core. Reason: Specialized microvillar actin localization; non-core. Supporting Evidence: PMID:33129760 2020 Oct 29. Transmembrane and Immunoglobulin Domain Containing 1, a Putative Tumor Suppressor, Induces G2/M Cell Cycle Checkpoint Arrest in Colon Cancer Cells. |
| GO:0005654 nucleoplasm | TAS Reactome:R-MMU-9727502 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Reflects nucleoplasmic localization (e.g. as part of nuclear complexes). A small monomeric nuclear actin pool exists and participates in nuclear processes, but this is a minor, context-dependent role, not the core cytoplasmic structural function. The falcon report focuses entirely on cytoplasmic/cytoskeletal beta-actin and provides no chromatin-remodeling evidence. Reason: Minor nuclear actin pool; non-core relative to cytoplasmic structural role. |
| GO:0005654 nucleoplasm | TAS Reactome:R-MMU-9845305 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Reflects nucleoplasmic localization (e.g. as part of nuclear complexes). A small monomeric nuclear actin pool exists and participates in nuclear processes, but this is a minor, context-dependent role, not the core cytoplasmic structural function. The falcon report focuses entirely on cytoplasmic/cytoskeletal beta-actin and provides no chromatin-remodeling evidence. Reason: Minor nuclear actin pool; non-core relative to cytoplasmic structural role. |
| GO:0005654 nucleoplasm | TAS Reactome:R-MMU-9934111 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Reflects nucleoplasmic localization (e.g. as part of nuclear complexes). A small monomeric nuclear actin pool exists and participates in nuclear processes, but this is a minor, context-dependent role, not the core cytoplasmic structural function. The falcon report focuses entirely on cytoplasmic/cytoskeletal beta-actin and provides no chromatin-remodeling evidence. Reason: Minor nuclear actin pool; non-core relative to cytoplasmic structural role. |
| GO:0005634 nucleus | IDA PMID:29042633 Catsper1 promoter is bidirectional and regulates the express... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Reflects nuclear localization of a minor monomeric actin pool. A small monomeric nuclear actin pool exists and participates in nuclear processes, but this is a minor, context-dependent role, not the core cytoplasmic structural function. The falcon report focuses entirely on cytoplasmic/cytoskeletal beta-actin and provides no chromatin-remodeling evidence. Reason: Minor nuclear actin pool; non-core relative to cytoplasmic structural role. Supporting Evidence: PMID:29042633 Catsper1 promoter is bidirectional and regulates the expression of a novel lncRNA. |
| GO:0005737 cytoplasm | IDA PMID:29042633 Catsper1 promoter is bidirectional and regulates the express... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cytoplasmic (non-muscle) beta-actin carries out its core structural function in the cytoplasm as G-actin and F-actin. Reason: Core localization of cytoplasmic beta-actin. Supporting Evidence: PMID:29042633 Catsper1 promoter is bidirectional and regulates the expression of a novel lncRNA. file:mouse/Actb/Actb-deep-research-falcon.md Ξ²βactin is a central component of the **actin cytoskeleton**, existing as **monomeric (Gβactin)** and **filamentous (Fβactin)** assemblies that drive processes such as **cell motility** and **cytokinesis**. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:10683146 p39 activates cdk5 in neurons, and is associated with the ac... | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: Generic 'protein binding' (IPI) capturing individual interaction partners (PKC-epsilon, TRPM7, CAR, AmotL2, TPRN, CDK5/p39, copine, pannexin, Hsc70, etc.). Per GO curation guidelines this uninformative term should be replaced by specific molecular-function or complex annotations rather than retained as a core function. These pairwise interactions do not define beta-actin's core structural function. Reason: Uninformative 'protein binding'; reflects assorted interaction partners, not a core molecular function. Avoid GO:0005515 per curation guidelines. Supporting Evidence: PMID:10683146 p39 activates cdk5 in neurons, and is associated with the actin cytoskeleton. |
| GO:0005737 cytoplasm | IDA PMID:24327345 Intracellular distribution of differentially phosphorylated ... | ACCEPT | Summary: Cytoplasmic (non-muscle) beta-actin carries out its core structural function in the cytoplasm as G-actin and F-actin. Reason: Core localization of cytoplasmic beta-actin. Supporting Evidence: PMID:24327345 Intracellular distribution of differentially phosphorylated dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A). file:mouse/Actb/Actb-deep-research-falcon.md Ξ²βactin is a central component of the **actin cytoskeleton**, existing as **monomeric (Gβactin)** and **filamentous (Fβactin)** assemblies that drive processes such as **cell motility** and **cytokinesis**. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:19118186 Spatial learning impairment, enhanced CDK5/p35 activity, and... | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: Generic 'protein binding' (IPI) capturing individual interaction partners (PKC-epsilon, TRPM7, CAR, AmotL2, TPRN, CDK5/p39, copine, pannexin, Hsc70, etc.). Per GO curation guidelines this uninformative term should be replaced by specific molecular-function or complex annotations rather than retained as a core function. These pairwise interactions do not define beta-actin's core structural function. Reason: Uninformative 'protein binding'; reflects assorted interaction partners, not a core molecular function. Avoid GO:0005515 per curation guidelines. Supporting Evidence: PMID:19118186 Spatial learning impairment, enhanced CDK5/p35 activity, and downregulation of NMDA receptor expression in transgenic mice expressing tau-tubulin kinase 1. |
| GO:0005856 cytoskeleton | IDA PMID:24327345 Intracellular distribution of differentially phosphorylated ... | ACCEPT | Summary: Beta-actin is a core structural constituent of the cytoskeleton, present as monomeric and filamentous assemblies that form a major cytoskeletal system. Reason: Core cytoskeletal structural role. Supporting Evidence: PMID:24327345 Intracellular distribution of differentially phosphorylated dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase 1A (DYRK1A). file:mouse/Actb/Actb-deep-research-falcon.md Ξ²βactin is a central component of the **actin cytoskeleton**, existing as **monomeric (Gβactin)** and **filamentous (Fβactin)** assemblies that drive processes such as **cell motility** and **cytokinesis**. |
| GO:0005634 nucleus | ISS GO_REF:0000024 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Reflects nuclear localization of a minor monomeric actin pool. A small monomeric nuclear actin pool exists and participates in nuclear processes, but this is a minor, context-dependent role, not the core cytoplasmic structural function. The falcon report focuses entirely on cytoplasmic/cytoskeletal beta-actin and provides no chromatin-remodeling evidence. Reason: Minor nuclear actin pool; non-core relative to cytoplasmic structural role. |
| GO:0015629 actin cytoskeleton | ISS GO_REF:0000024 | ACCEPT | Summary: Beta-actin is a central structural component of the actin cytoskeleton; it polymerizes from G-actin monomers into F-actin filaments that build the cytoskeletal networks of the cell. This is the defining, core function of the gene product. Reason: Core cytoskeletal structural role of beta-actin, the primary evolved function. Supporting Evidence: file:mouse/Actb/Actb-deep-research-falcon.md Ξ²βactin is a central component of the **actin cytoskeleton**, existing as **monomeric (Gβactin)** and **filamentous (Fβactin)** assemblies that drive processes such as **cell motility** and **cytokinesis**. |
| GO:0032991 protein-containing complex | ISS GO_REF:0000024 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Reflects membership in assorted protein-containing complexes. Reason: Generic complex membership; non-core. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:26581985 Identification of Viral and Host Proteins That Interact with... | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: Generic 'protein binding' (IPI) capturing individual interaction partners (PKC-epsilon, TRPM7, CAR, AmotL2, TPRN, CDK5/p39, copine, pannexin, Hsc70, etc.). Per GO curation guidelines this uninformative term should be replaced by specific molecular-function or complex annotations rather than retained as a core function. These pairwise interactions do not define beta-actin's core structural function. Reason: Uninformative 'protein binding'; reflects assorted interaction partners, not a core molecular function. Avoid GO:0005515 per curation guidelines. Supporting Evidence: PMID:26581985 Identification of Viral and Host Proteins That Interact with Murine Gammaherpesvirus 68 Latency-Associated Nuclear Antigen during Lytic Replication: a Role for Hsc70 in Viral Replication. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:12522145 Identification of targets for calcium signaling through the ... | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: Generic 'protein binding' (IPI) capturing individual interaction partners (PKC-epsilon, TRPM7, CAR, AmotL2, TPRN, CDK5/p39, copine, pannexin, Hsc70, etc.). Per GO curation guidelines this uninformative term should be replaced by specific molecular-function or complex annotations rather than retained as a core function. These pairwise interactions do not define beta-actin's core structural function. Reason: Uninformative 'protein binding'; reflects assorted interaction partners, not a core molecular function. Avoid GO:0005515 per curation guidelines. Supporting Evidence: PMID:12522145 2003 Jan 8. Identification of targets for calcium signaling through the copine family of proteins. |
| GO:0005886 plasma membrane | ISS GO_REF:0000024 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Plasma-membrane-proximal localization via cortical actin (ISS). Reason: Membrane-associated cortical actin; non-core. |
| GO:0005925 focal adhesion | ISS GO_REF:0000024 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Beta-actin links to focal adhesions via the actin cytoskeleton. Reason: Specialized actin-associated site; non-core. |
| GO:0097433 dense body | ISS GO_REF:0000024 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Dense body localization (smooth-muscle/cytoskeletal anchoring structure). Reason: Specialized localization; non-core. |
| GO:0043209 myelin sheath | HDA PMID:17634366 Proteolipid protein is required for transport of sirtuin 2 i... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Reflects myelin sheath proteome (high-throughput co-purification, HDA). Reason: High-throughput proteome co-purification; non-core. Supporting Evidence: PMID:17634366 Proteolipid protein is required for transport of sirtuin 2 into CNS myelin. |
| GO:0005829 cytosol | TAS Reactome:R-MMU-2316348 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Cytosolic pool of monomeric (G-)actin and soluble actin complexes. Reason: Soluble cytosolic actin pool; non-core localization. |
| GO:0005829 cytosol | TAS Reactome:R-MMU-2316351 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Cytosolic pool of monomeric (G-)actin and soluble actin complexes. Reason: Soluble cytosolic actin pool; non-core localization. |
| GO:0005829 cytosol | TAS Reactome:R-MMU-9659536 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Cytosolic pool of monomeric (G-)actin and soluble actin complexes. Reason: Soluble cytosolic actin pool; non-core localization. |
| GO:0005829 cytosol | TAS Reactome:R-MMU-9663360 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Cytosolic pool of monomeric (G-)actin and soluble actin complexes. Reason: Soluble cytosolic actin pool; non-core localization. |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:20086016 Pannexin1 and pannexin3 delivery, cell surface dynamics, and... | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: Generic 'protein binding' (IPI) capturing individual interaction partners (PKC-epsilon, TRPM7, CAR, AmotL2, TPRN, CDK5/p39, copine, pannexin, Hsc70, etc.). Per GO curation guidelines this uninformative term should be replaced by specific molecular-function or complex annotations rather than retained as a core function. These pairwise interactions do not define beta-actin's core structural function. Reason: Uninformative 'protein binding'; reflects assorted interaction partners, not a core molecular function. Avoid GO:0005515 per curation guidelines. Supporting Evidence: PMID:20086016 2010 Jan 10. Pannexin1 and pannexin3 delivery, cell surface dynamics, and cytoskeletal interactions. |
| GO:0005829 cytosol | IDA PMID:11931770 Peptide-induced negative selection of thymocytes activates t... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Cytosolic pool of monomeric (G-)actin and soluble actin complexes. Reason: Soluble cytosolic actin pool; non-core localization. Supporting Evidence: PMID:11931770 Peptide-induced negative selection of thymocytes activates transcription of an NF-kappa B inhibitor. |
| GO:0030863 cortical cytoskeleton | IDA PMID:18723693 Targeted deletion of alpha-adducin results in absent beta- a... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Beta-actin is part of the cortical (membrane-associated) cytoskeleton, e.g. the spectrin-adducin-actin network. Reason: Specialized cortical actin localization; non-core. Supporting Evidence: PMID:18723693 2008 Aug 22. Targeted deletion of alpha-adducin results in absent beta- and gamma-adducin, compensated hemolytic anemia, and lethal hydrocephalus in mice. |
| GO:0005829 cytosol | IDA PMID:15271982 Nucling recruits Apaf-1/pro-caspase-9 complex for the induct... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Cytosolic pool of monomeric (G-)actin and soluble actin complexes. Reason: Soluble cytosolic actin pool; non-core localization. Supporting Evidence: PMID:15271982 2004 Jul 22. Nucling recruits Apaf-1/pro-caspase-9 complex for the induction of stress-induced apoptosis. |
| GO:0005200 structural constituent of cytoskeleton | IC file:mouse/Actb/Actb-deep-research-falcon.md | NEW | Summary: Beta-actin is the structural constituent of the actin cytoskeleton: it polymerizes from G-actin into F-actin filaments that form force-generating and scaffolding cytoskeletal networks. This is the core, evolved molecular function of the gene product and is not explicitly present as a molecular-function annotation in the current GOA. Inferred by curator (IC) from the already-accepted cytoskeletal cellular-component annotations for this gene (GO:0015629 actin cytoskeleton, GO:0005884 actin filament, GO:0005856 cytoskeleton). Reason: Captures the core structural molecular function of beta-actin, which is missing from the existing GOA molecular-function annotations. The molecular function is inferred by the curator (IC) from the gene's accepted cytoskeletal CC annotations rather than from a single direct assay. Proposed replacements: structural constituent of cytoskeleton Supporting Evidence: file:mouse/Actb/Actb-deep-research-falcon.md Ξ²βactin is a central component of the **actin cytoskeleton**, existing as **monomeric (Gβactin)** and **filamentous (Fβactin)** assemblies that drive processes such as **cell motility** and **cytokinesis**. file:mouse/Actb/Actb-deep-research-falcon.md Ξ²βactinβs primary functional contribution is to **polymerize into Fβactin networks** that act as force-generating and scaffold structures for cellular processes including cytokinesis |
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