Ctnnb1

UniProt ID: Q02248
Organism: Mus musculus
Review Status: COMPLETE
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Gene Description

Beta-catenin is a multifunctional Armadillo-repeat protein with two conserved core roles: at adherens junctions it binds classical cadherins and alpha-catenin to support cadherin-mediated cell-cell adhesion, and in canonical Wnt signaling it accumulates in the nucleus and acts as a transcriptional coactivator with TCF/LEF-family DNA-binding transcription factors. These molecular roles explain the many developmental, proliferative, differentiation, and tissue-patterning phenotypes in mouse; those organismal processes are generally downstream context-specific consequences rather than separate core molecular functions.

Existing Annotations Review

GO Term Evidence Action Reason
GO:0001525 angiogenesis
IMP
PMID:28463231
Disruption of lineage specification in adult pulmonary mesen...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin promotes angiogenesis via endothelial Wnt/TCF transcription and adherens-junction integrity; a vascular developmental consequence, not a core function.
Reason: downstream vascular outcome of Wnt and junction roles
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:28463231
Disruption of lineage specification in adult pulmonary mesenchymal progenitor cells promotes microvascular dysfunction.
GO:0001708 cell fate specification
IMP
PMID:28463231
Disruption of lineage specification in adult pulmonary mesen...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin specifies cell fates via context-dependent Wnt target activation; a developmental specification outcome, not a proximal molecular mechanism.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven fate specification
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:28463231
Disruption of lineage specification in adult pulmonary mesenchymal progenitor cells promotes microvascular dysfunction.
GO:0019221 cytokine-mediated signaling pathway
IMP
PMID:19619491
Reciprocal requirements for EDA/EDAR/NF-kappaB and Wnt/beta-...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin intersects cytokine-responsive transcription via Wnt crosstalk in development/immunity; an indirect signaling outcome rather than a direct cytokine-pathway role.
Reason: indirect crosstalk; downgrade from UNDECIDED to non-core
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19619491
Reciprocal requirements for EDA/EDAR/NF-kappaB and Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathways in hair follicle induction.
GO:0002064 epithelial cell development
IMP
PMID:16102745
The duality of beta-catenin function: a requirement in lens ...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin supports epithelial cell development via junction-mediated polarity and Wnt transcription; an epithelial differentiation outcome downstream of its dual role.
Reason: downstream of junction/Wnt epithelial roles
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16102745
The duality of beta-catenin function: a requirement in lens morphogenesis and signaling suppression of lens fate in periocular ectoderm.
GO:0001944 vasculature development
IMP
PMID:25083995
Canonical WNT signaling components in vascular development a...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Whole-vasculature development depends on beta-catenin Wnt signaling in endothelium; a broad downstream organ-system phenotype.
Reason: System-level vascular development downstream of Wnt/beta-catenin output.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:25083995
Canonical WNT signaling components in vascular development and barrier formation.
GO:0010467 gene expression
IMP
PMID:25083995
Canonical WNT signaling components in vascular development a...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: The broad 'gene expression' parent is uninformative; beta-catenin's specific role is coactivation of TCF/LEF target gene transcription by Pol II.
Reason: Overly broad parent superseded by specific Pol II transcription terms.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:25083995
Canonical WNT signaling components in vascular development and barrier formation.
GO:0000122 negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
IDA
PMID:16040629
Beta-catenin regulates differentiation of respiratory epithe...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: An IDA call; beta-catenin represses certain Pol II targets in specific contexts, but this should be downgraded relative to its core activating coactivator role, not removed.
Reason: Experimental (IDA); downgrade context-specific repression, do not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16040629
Beta-catenin regulates differentiation of respiratory epithelial cells in vivo.
GO:0000165 MAPK cascade
IGI
PMID:16478791
APC inhibits ERK pathway activation and cellular proliferati...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IGI evidence links beta-catenin to MAPK signaling, but this is signaling crosstalk and not a core function of the Wnt effector.
Reason: Crosstalk pathway, not the gene's central Wnt/transcription function.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16478791
APC inhibits ERK pathway activation and cellular proliferation induced by RAS.
GO:0000578 embryonic axis specification
IDA
PMID:9230313
The mouse Fused locus encodes Axin, an inhibitor of the Wnt ...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin establishes the primary embryonic axis (organizer formation) via nuclear Wnt/TCF activation (IDA); a hallmark downstream developmental outcome of its signaling role.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven embryonic axis formation
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:9230313
The mouse Fused locus encodes Axin, an inhibitor of the Wnt signaling pathway that regulates embryonic axis formation.
GO:0000902 cell morphogenesis
IMP
PMID:16102745
The duality of beta-catenin function: a requirement in lens ...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin shapes cell morphology via adherens-junction cytoskeletal linkage and Wnt transcription; a morphogenetic outcome of its dual structural/signaling roles.
Reason: downstream of junction and Wnt roles
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16102745
The duality of beta-catenin function: a requirement in lens morphogenesis and signaling suppression of lens fate in periocular ectoderm.
GO:0001501 skeletal system development
IMP
PMID:15866163
Canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling prevents osteoblasts fr...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin Wnt signaling shapes skeletal patterning and ossification broadly; a high-level downstream organ-system phenotype.
Reason: System-level skeletal development downstream of Wnt transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15866163
Canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling prevents osteoblasts from differentiating into chondrocytes.
GO:0001569 branching involved in blood vessel morphogenesis
IMP
PMID:12975353
The conditional inactivation of the beta-catenin gene in end...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Endothelial beta-catenin drives vessel branching through Wnt/TCF transcription and junction remodeling; a vascular morphogenetic outcome downstream of its dual role.
Reason: downstream vascular branching from Wnt/junction roles
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12975353
The conditional inactivation of the beta-catenin gene in endothelial cells causes a defective vascular pattern and increased vascular fragility.
GO:0001569 branching involved in blood vessel morphogenesis
IMP
PMID:19154719
Nrarp coordinates endothelial Notch and Wnt signaling to con...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Endothelial beta-catenin drives vessel branching through Wnt/TCF transcription and junction remodeling; a vascular morphogenetic outcome downstream of its dual role.
Reason: downstream vascular branching from Wnt/junction roles
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19154719
Nrarp coordinates endothelial Notch and Wnt signaling to control vessel density in angiogenesis.
GO:0001570 vasculogenesis
IMP
PMID:18231602
Formation and differentiation of multiple mesenchymal lineag...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: De novo vessel formation requires Wnt/beta-catenin transcriptional control of endothelial precursors; a downstream developmental process.
Reason: Vasculogenesis downstream of Wnt-driven endothelial transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:18231602
Formation and differentiation of multiple mesenchymal lineages during lung development is regulated by beta-catenin signaling.
GO:0001649 osteoblast differentiation
IMP
PMID:15866163
Canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling prevents osteoblasts fr...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Wnt/beta-catenin is a master driver of osteoblast fate via Runx2/Osterix-linked targets; the differentiation outcome is downstream of that transcription.
Reason: Osteoblastogenesis downstream of Wnt/beta-catenin transcriptional program.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15866163
Canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling prevents osteoblasts from differentiating into chondrocytes.
GO:0001658 branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis
IMP
PMID:17537789
Wnt/beta-catenin signaling regulates nephron induction durin...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin Wnt signaling drives ureteric bud branching in kidney development; a renal morphogenetic outcome downstream of TCF target activation.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven renal branching morphogenesis
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:17537789
Wnt/beta-catenin signaling regulates nephron induction during mouse kidney development.
GO:0001701 in utero embryonic development
IMP
PMID:18231602
Formation and differentiation of multiple mesenchymal lineag...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin is essential for embryonic viability/development in utero via Wnt signaling and adhesion (IGI/IMP); a broad developmental outcome of its dual role, not core function.
Reason: downstream of Wnt/junction roles in embryogenesis
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:18231602
Formation and differentiation of multiple mesenchymal lineages during lung development is regulated by beta-catenin signaling.
GO:0001701 in utero embryonic development
IGI
PMID:19204372
Both the RGS domain and the six C-terminal amino acids of mo...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin is essential for embryonic viability/development in utero via Wnt signaling and adhesion (IGI/IMP); a broad developmental outcome of its dual role, not core function.
Reason: downstream of Wnt/junction roles in embryogenesis
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19204372
Both the RGS domain and the six C-terminal amino acids of mouse Axin are required for normal embryogenesis.
GO:0001702 gastrulation with mouth forming second
IMP
PMID:8582267
Lack of beta-catenin affects mouse development at gastrulati...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin drives deuterostome gastrulation/germ-layer movements via Wnt-driven organizer transcription; an early morphogenetic outcome downstream of signaling.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven gastrulation
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:8582267
Lack of beta-catenin affects mouse development at gastrulation.
GO:0001706 endoderm formation
IMP
PMID:12194849
Formation of multiple hearts in mice following deletion of b...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin promotes definitive endoderm formation through nuclear Wnt/TCF activation; a germ-layer developmental outcome downstream of signaling.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven endoderm formation
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12194849
Formation of multiple hearts in mice following deletion of beta-catenin in the embryonic endoderm.
GO:0001706 endoderm formation
IMP
PMID:23824574
Wnt/Ξ²-catenin signalling regulates Sox17 expression and is e...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin promotes definitive endoderm formation through nuclear Wnt/TCF activation; a germ-layer developmental outcome downstream of signaling.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven endoderm formation
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:23824574
Wnt/Ξ²-catenin signalling regulates Sox17 expression and is essential for organizer and endoderm formation in the mouse.
GO:0001708 cell fate specification
IMP
PMID:15866163
Canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling prevents osteoblasts fr...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin specifies cell fates via context-dependent Wnt target activation; a developmental specification outcome, not a proximal molecular mechanism.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven fate specification
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15866163
Canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling prevents osteoblasts from differentiating into chondrocytes.
GO:0001711 endodermal cell fate commitment
IMP
PMID:12194849
Formation of multiple hearts in mice following deletion of b...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin commits cells to endodermal fate via Wnt target-gene activation; a cell-fate outcome downstream of its transcriptional effector role.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven endoderm commitment
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12194849
Formation of multiple hearts in mice following deletion of beta-catenin in the embryonic endoderm.
GO:0001764 neuron migration
IGI
PMID:21937711
ASPM regulates Wnt signaling pathway activity in the develop...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin affects neuronal migration through combined cadherin-adhesion and Wnt-transcriptional roles; a downstream CNS phenotype (genetic interaction).
Reason: Neuron migration downstream of adhesion plus Wnt transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:21937711
ASPM regulates Wnt signaling pathway activity in the developing brain.
GO:0001822 kidney development
IMP
PMID:17537789
Wnt/beta-catenin signaling regulates nephron induction durin...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin drives nephrogenesis and tubule patterning via Wnt/TCF transcription; a renal organ-development outcome downstream of signaling.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven kidney development
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:17537789
Wnt/beta-catenin signaling regulates nephron induction during mouse kidney development.
GO:0001840 neural plate development
IDA
PMID:22102609
Increased Ξ²-catenin activity in the anterior neural plate in...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin patterns the early neural plate through Wnt-dependent anteroposterior transcriptional control; an IDA developmental phenotype downstream of signaling.
Reason: Neural plate patterning downstream of Wnt/beta-catenin transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:22102609
Increased Ξ²-catenin activity in the anterior neural plate induces ectopic mid-hindbrain characteristics.
GO:0001894 tissue homeostasis
IMP
PMID:18635608
Tissue-specific requirements of beta-catenin in external gen...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin Wnt signaling maintains adult tissue homeostasis (e.g. gut crypt renewal); a broad downstream organismal phenotype.
Reason: Tissue homeostasis downstream of Wnt/beta-catenin self-renewal transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:18635608
Tissue-specific requirements of beta-catenin in external genitalia development.
GO:0001944 vasculature development
IMP
PMID:19129494
Wnt/beta-catenin signaling is required for CNS, but not non-...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Whole-vasculature development depends on beta-catenin Wnt signaling in endothelium; a broad downstream organ-system phenotype.
Reason: System-level vascular development downstream of Wnt/beta-catenin output.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19129494
Wnt/beta-catenin signaling is required for CNS, but not non-CNS, angiogenesis.
GO:0002052 positive regulation of neuroblast proliferation
IGI
PMID:21937711
ASPM regulates Wnt signaling pathway activity in the develop...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin positively drives neuroblast expansion through Wnt cell-cycle targets; a downstream neurodevelopmental proliferative role.
Reason: Pro-neuroblast proliferation downstream of Wnt transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:21937711
ASPM regulates Wnt signaling pathway activity in the developing brain.
GO:0002053 positive regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation
IMP
PMID:18231602
Formation and differentiation of multiple mesenchymal lineag...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin expands mesenchymal cells via Wnt mitogenic targets during organogenesis; a downstream proliferative phenotype.
Reason: Mesenchymal proliferation downstream of Wnt mitogenic transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:18231602
Formation and differentiation of multiple mesenchymal lineages during lung development is regulated by beta-catenin signaling.
GO:0002053 positive regulation of mesenchymal cell proliferation
IMP
PMID:18533146
An FGF-WNT gene regulatory network controls lung mesenchyme ...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin expands mesenchymal cells via Wnt mitogenic targets during organogenesis; a downstream proliferative phenotype.
Reason: Mesenchymal proliferation downstream of Wnt mitogenic transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:18533146
An FGF-WNT gene regulatory network controls lung mesenchyme development.
GO:0002062 chondrocyte differentiation
IMP
PMID:15866163
Canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling prevents osteoblasts fr...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin gates chondrocyte vs osteoblast fate via Wnt/TCF transcription; a skeletal cell-fate outcome downstream of its signaling effector role.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven chondrocyte fate
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15866163
Canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling prevents osteoblasts from differentiating into chondrocytes.
GO:0002062 chondrocyte differentiation
IGI
PMID:16818445
Wnt9a signaling is required for joint integrity and regulati...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin gates chondrocyte vs osteoblast fate via Wnt/TCF transcription; a skeletal cell-fate outcome downstream of its signaling effector role.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven chondrocyte fate
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16818445
Wnt9a signaling is required for joint integrity and regulation of Ihh during chondrogenesis.
GO:0002089 lens morphogenesis in camera-type eye
IMP
PMID:16102745
The duality of beta-catenin function: a requirement in lens ...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin (tightly regulated) shapes lens morphogenesis via Wnt transcription and epithelial junctions; an ocular morphogenetic outcome of its dual role.
Reason: downstream of Wnt/junction roles in lens
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16102745
The duality of beta-catenin function: a requirement in lens morphogenesis and signaling suppression of lens fate in periocular ectoderm.
GO:0003266 regulation of secondary heart field cardioblast proliferation
IDA
PMID:19620969
A regulatory pathway involving Notch1/beta-catenin/Isl1 dete...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin controls cardioblast proliferation in the second heart field via Wnt mitogenic targets; an IDA downstream cardiac phenotype.
Reason: SHF cardioblast proliferation downstream of Wnt transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19620969
A regulatory pathway involving Notch1/beta-catenin/Isl1 determines cardiac progenitor cell fate.
GO:0003338 metanephros morphogenesis
IMP
PMID:19060336
A Wnt7b-dependent pathway regulates the orientation of epith...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin shapes metanephric kidney morphogenesis via Wnt/TCF transcription; a renal morphogenetic outcome downstream of signaling.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven metanephros morphogenesis
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19060336
A Wnt7b-dependent pathway regulates the orientation of epithelial cell division and establishes the cortico-medullary axis of the mammalian kidney.
GO:0003340 negative regulation of mesenchymal to epithelial transition involved in metanephros morphogenesis
IDA
PMID:17537789
Wnt/beta-catenin signaling regulates nephron induction durin...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: In kidney development beta-catenin tunes MET during nephrogenesis via Wnt-target transcription; the IDA is a specific developmental phenotype, not the proximal activity.
Reason: Specific kidney MET-regulation phenotype downstream of beta-catenin Wnt transcriptional control of nephron epithelialization.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:17537789
Wnt/beta-catenin signaling regulates nephron induction during mouse kidney development.
GO:0006351 DNA-templated transcription
IMP
PMID:15866163
Canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling prevents osteoblasts fr...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: beta-catenin is not part of the basal transcription machinery; it is a TCF/LEF coactivator. The bare 'DNA-templated transcription' parent is uninformative relative to its specific Pol II coactivator role.
Reason: Generic transcription parent; its real role is captured by transcription coactivator / positive regulation of Pol II transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15866163
Canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling prevents osteoblasts from differentiating into chondrocytes.
GO:0006357 regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
IDA
PMID:12235125
Beta-catenin-induced melanoma growth requires the downstream...
MODIFY
Summary: Essence correct but the directionless parent under-specifies beta-catenin's role; it functions specifically as a POSITIVE regulator/coactivator of Pol II transcription.
Reason: Generic regulation parent; specialize to positive regulation of Pol II transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12235125
Beta-catenin-induced melanoma growth requires the downstream target Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor.
GO:0006357 regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
IDA
PMID:12464179
Identification of a Wnt/Dvl/beta-Catenin --> Pitx2 pathway m...
MODIFY
Summary: Essence correct but the directionless parent under-specifies beta-catenin's role; it functions specifically as a POSITIVE regulator/coactivator of Pol II transcription.
Reason: Generic regulation parent; specialize to positive regulation of Pol II transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12464179
Identification of a Wnt/Dvl/beta-Catenin --> Pitx2 pathway mediating cell-type-specific proliferation during development.
GO:0006357 regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
IMP
PMID:20043884
Antagonistic crosstalk of Wnt/beta-catenin/Bmp signaling wit...
MODIFY
Summary: Essence correct but the directionless parent under-specifies beta-catenin's role; it functions specifically as a POSITIVE regulator/coactivator of Pol II transcription.
Reason: Generic regulation parent; specialize to positive regulation of Pol II transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:20043884
Antagonistic crosstalk of Wnt/beta-catenin/Bmp signaling within the Apical Ectodermal Ridge (AER) regulates interdigit formation.
GO:0006366 transcription by RNA polymerase II
IDA
PMID:15907834
Wnt/beta-catenin signaling acts upstream of N-myc, BMP4, and...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: beta-catenin is not a component of the Pol II transcription apparatus; this bare process term over-annotates its specific coactivator function.
Reason: Uninformative process term; coactivator/positive-regulation terms preferred.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15907834
Wnt/beta-catenin signaling acts upstream of N-myc, BMP4, and FGF signaling to regulate proximal-distal patterning in the lung.
GO:0007160 cell-matrix adhesion
IMP
PMID:15131783
Inducible Cre-mediated control of gene expression in the mur...
UNDECIDED
Summary: Cell-matrix adhesion is not a recognized beta-catenin function (it acts at cell-cell, not cell-ECM, junctions); the IMP basis cannot be verified here.
Reason: Likely indirect/mislabeled, but IMP experimental annotation β€” do not REMOVE; flag for review.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15131783
Inducible Cre-mediated control of gene expression in the murine gastrointestinal tract: effect of loss of beta-catenin.
GO:0007249 canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction
IMP
PMID:19619491
Reciprocal requirements for EDA/EDAR/NF-kappaB and Wnt/beta-...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: An IMP annotation; beta-catenin has documented crosstalk with NF-kappaB, but this is not its core function and the experimental call should be downgraded, not removed.
Reason: Experimental (IMP) crosstalk annotation; downgrade rather than REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19619491
Reciprocal requirements for EDA/EDAR/NF-kappaB and Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathways in hair follicle induction.
GO:0007268 chemical synaptic transmission
IMP
PMID:14622577
Role of beta-catenin in synaptic vesicle localization and pr...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin contributes to synaptic structure/vesicle organization at junctions affecting transmission; a neuronal outcome downstream of its adhesion role.
Reason: downstream of synaptic adhesion organization
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:14622577
Role of beta-catenin in synaptic vesicle localization and presynaptic assembly.
GO:0007398 ectoderm development
IMP
PMID:8582267
Lack of beta-catenin affects mouse development at gastrulati...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin guides ectodermal development through Wnt-driven fate and morphogenesis; a germ-layer developmental outcome downstream of its transcriptional role.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven ectoderm development
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:8582267
Lack of beta-catenin affects mouse development at gastrulation.
GO:0007403 glial cell fate determination
IDA
PMID:17706960
Persistent expression of stabilized beta-catenin delays matu...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin biases neural progenitors toward glial fate via Wnt/TCF transcription (IDA); a CNS cell-fate outcome downstream of signaling.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven glial fate determination
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:17706960
Persistent expression of stabilized beta-catenin delays maturation of radial glial cells into intermediate progenitors.
GO:0007405 neuroblast proliferation
IGI
PMID:21937711
ASPM regulates Wnt signaling pathway activity in the develop...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin expands neuroblasts via Wnt mitogenic targets in genetic-interaction assays; a downstream CNS proliferative phenotype.
Reason: Neuroblast proliferation downstream of Wnt mitogenic transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:21937711
ASPM regulates Wnt signaling pathway activity in the developing brain.
GO:0007507 heart development
IMP
PMID:12464179
Identification of a Wnt/Dvl/beta-Catenin --> Pitx2 pathway m...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin contributes broadly to cardiac development through Wnt-driven progenitor programs and junctions; an organ-development outcome of its dual role, not core function.
Reason: downstream Wnt/junction-driven heart development
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12464179
Identification of a Wnt/Dvl/beta-Catenin --> Pitx2 pathway mediating cell-type-specific proliferation during development.
GO:0008104 intracellular protein localization
IMP
PMID:16621792
Membrane localization of adenomatous polyposis coli protein ...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin contributes to localizing partner proteins (e.g. junctional/synaptic cargo), a secondary process distinct from its own core roles.
Reason: Peripheral process; IMP.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16621792
Membrane localization of adenomatous polyposis coli protein at cellular protrusions: targeting sequences and regulation by beta-catenin.
GO:0008283 cell population proliferation
IMP
PMID:19690384
Wnt signaling regulates smooth muscle precursor development ...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Generic proliferation umbrella conveying nothing beta-catenin-specific; specific tissue-proliferation terms already capture Wnt-driven growth roles.
Reason: vague proliferation umbrella adds no specificity
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19690384
Wnt signaling regulates smooth muscle precursor development in the mouse lung via a tenascin C/PDGFR pathway.
GO:0008283 cell population proliferation
IMP
PMID:15131783
Inducible Cre-mediated control of gene expression in the mur...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Generic proliferation umbrella conveying nothing beta-catenin-specific; specific tissue-proliferation terms already capture Wnt-driven growth roles.
Reason: vague proliferation umbrella adds no specificity
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15131783
Inducible Cre-mediated control of gene expression in the murine gastrointestinal tract: effect of loss of beta-catenin.
GO:0008284 positive regulation of cell population proliferation
IMP
PMID:19690384
Wnt signaling regulates smooth muscle precursor development ...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin drives proliferation via Wnt mitogenic targets (Myc, cyclin D1); a key but downstream consequence of its transcriptional coactivation.
Reason: Proliferation downstream of Wnt target genes Myc/CcnD1; non-core.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19690384
Wnt signaling regulates smooth muscle precursor development in the mouse lung via a tenascin C/PDGFR pathway.
GO:0008543 fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway
IMP
PMID:18533146
An FGF-WNT gene regulatory network controls lung mesenchyme ...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin intersects FGFR signaling indirectly through Wnt/FGF developmental crosstalk; an experimental (IMP) phenotype downstream of signaling integration, not a core FGFR-pathway role.
Reason: experimental; indirect FGF/Wnt crosstalk, downgrade not remove
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:18533146
An FGF-WNT gene regulatory network controls lung mesenchyme development.
GO:0009948 anterior/posterior axis specification
IMP
PMID:10662781
Requirement for beta-catenin in anterior-posterior axis form...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin patterns the A/P axis through nuclear Wnt/TCF target activation in early embryo; an axial patterning outcome downstream of its transcriptional effector role.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven axial patterning
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:10662781
Requirement for beta-catenin in anterior-posterior axis formation in mice.
GO:0009950 dorsal/ventral axis specification
IMP
PMID:12923052
Genetic interaction between Wnt/beta-catenin and BMP recepto...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin contributes to D/V axial specification through nuclear Wnt target activation; an axial patterning outcome downstream of its effector role.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven D/V axis specification
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12923052
Genetic interaction between Wnt/beta-catenin and BMP receptor signaling during formation of the AER and the dorsal-ventral axis in the limb.
GO:0009953 dorsal/ventral pattern formation
IMP
PMID:15708565
Effects of canonical Wnt signaling on dorso-ventral specific...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin participates in D/V pattern formation via Wnt/TCF transcriptional readout; a tissue-patterning outcome, not a proximal mechanism.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven D/V patterning
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15708565
Effects of canonical Wnt signaling on dorso-ventral specification of the mouse telencephalon.
GO:0009954 proximal/distal pattern formation
IMP
PMID:12885771
beta-Catenin is required for specification of proximal/dista...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin Wnt signaling contributes to proximodistal patterning (e.g. limb/organ axes) via target-gene gradients; a downstream patterning phenotype.
Reason: P/D patterning downstream of Wnt/beta-catenin transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12885771
beta-Catenin is required for specification of proximal/distal cell fate during lung morphogenesis.
GO:0010463 mesenchymal cell proliferation
IMP
PMID:18231602
Formation and differentiation of multiple mesenchymal lineag...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin promotes mesenchymal proliferation via Wnt target-gene activation; a connective-tissue growth outcome downstream of its transcriptional role.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven mesenchymal proliferation
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:18231602
Formation and differentiation of multiple mesenchymal lineages during lung development is regulated by beta-catenin signaling.
GO:0010463 mesenchymal cell proliferation
IMP
PMID:18533146
An FGF-WNT gene regulatory network controls lung mesenchyme ...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin promotes mesenchymal proliferation via Wnt target-gene activation; a connective-tissue growth outcome downstream of its transcriptional role.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven mesenchymal proliferation
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:18533146
An FGF-WNT gene regulatory network controls lung mesenchyme development.
GO:0010468 regulation of gene expression
IMP
PMID:22102609
Increased Ξ²-catenin activity in the anterior neural plate in...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Very broad regulatory parent; beta-catenin's specific role is TCF/LEF coactivation regulating Pol II transcription of Wnt targets.
Reason: Top-level generic parent; specific Pol II coactivation terms preferred.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:22102609
Increased Ξ²-catenin activity in the anterior neural plate induces ectopic mid-hindbrain characteristics.
GO:0010628 positive regulation of gene expression
IMP
PMID:18231602
Formation and differentiation of multiple mesenchymal lineag...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Broad parent; beta-catenin's specific activating role is coactivation of TCF/LEF target gene transcription by Pol II, captured by more precise terms.
Reason: Uninformative broad parent superseded by Pol II coactivation terms.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:18231602
Formation and differentiation of multiple mesenchymal lineages during lung development is regulated by beta-catenin signaling.
GO:0010628 positive regulation of gene expression
IMP
PMID:19690384
Wnt signaling regulates smooth muscle precursor development ...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Broad parent; beta-catenin's specific activating role is coactivation of TCF/LEF target gene transcription by Pol II, captured by more precise terms.
Reason: Uninformative broad parent superseded by Pol II coactivation terms.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19690384
Wnt signaling regulates smooth muscle precursor development in the mouse lung via a tenascin C/PDGFR pathway.
GO:0010718 positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition
ISO
GO_REF:0000008
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Nuclear beta-catenin drives EMT transcriptional programs (Snail/Twist targets) while loss of its junctional pool also promotes EMT; the process is downstream of both core roles.
Reason: EMT is a transcriptional/adhesion downstream output, not beta-catenin's direct molecular function.
GO:0016331 morphogenesis of embryonic epithelium
IMP
PMID:16102745
The duality of beta-catenin function: a requirement in lens ...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Embryonic epithelial shaping requires Wnt/beta-catenin transcriptional output plus cadherin-junction adhesion, but the morphogenetic outcome is downstream of those proximal roles.
Reason: Downstream tissue morphogenesis driven by beta-catenin's Wnt-transcription and adhesion roles, not a molecular function.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16102745
The duality of beta-catenin function: a requirement in lens morphogenesis and signaling suppression of lens fate in periocular ectoderm.
GO:0021819 layer formation in cerebral cortex
IMP
PMID:20503375
Expression analysis of an evolutionarily conserved metalloph...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin influences cortical layering through Wnt/adhesion-dependent neural development, a tissue-specific developmental output.
Reason: Developmental neuronal role; IMP, non-core.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:20503375
Expression analysis of an evolutionarily conserved metallophosphodiesterase gene, Mpped1, in the normal and beta-catenin-deficient malformed dorsal telencephalon.
GO:0022009 central nervous system vasculogenesis
IMP
PMID:19023080
Canonical Wnt signaling regulates organ-specific assembly an...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin drives CNS vessel formation through endothelial Wnt/TCF transcription; a neurovascular developmental outcome, not core function.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven CNS vasculogenesis
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19023080
Canonical Wnt signaling regulates organ-specific assembly and differentiation of CNS vasculature.
GO:0022405 hair cycle process
IMP
PMID:11371349
beta-Catenin controls hair follicle morphogenesis and stem c...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin drives hair-follicle cycling (anagen entry) via Wnt/TCF transcription in follicle stem cells; a skin-appendage outcome downstream of signaling.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven hair cycling
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:11371349
beta-Catenin controls hair follicle morphogenesis and stem cell differentiation in the skin.
GO:0030097 hemopoiesis
IDA
PMID:12717450
A role for Wnt signalling in self-renewal of haematopoietic ...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin modulates hematopoietic stem/progenitor activity via Wnt/TCF transcription (IDA); a blood-lineage developmental outcome downstream of signaling.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven hematopoiesis
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12717450
A role for Wnt signalling in self-renewal of haematopoietic stem cells.
GO:0030154 cell differentiation
IMP
PMID:16102745
The duality of beta-catenin function: a requirement in lens ...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Top-level differentiation umbrella that says nothing specific about beta-catenin; its specific lineage-differentiation terms already capture the Wnt-driven roles.
Reason: vague umbrella superseded by specific terms
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16102745
The duality of beta-catenin function: a requirement in lens morphogenesis and signaling suppression of lens fate in periocular ectoderm.
GO:0030217 T cell differentiation
IMP
PMID:14608382
Deletion of beta-catenin impairs T cell development.
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin modulates thymocyte/T-cell differentiation through Wnt/TCF target-gene activation; an immune-lineage developmental outcome, not its proximal adhesion or transcriptional mechanism.
Reason: downstream of Wnt/TCF program in lymphoid lineage
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:14608382
Deletion of beta-catenin impairs T cell development.
GO:0030316 osteoclast differentiation
IMP
PMID:15866165
Canonical Wnt signaling in differentiated osteoblasts contro...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin indirectly shapes osteoclast differentiation through osteoblast-derived RANKL/OPG balance; a downstream bone phenotype.
Reason: Osteoclast differentiation downstream of Wnt-controlled RANKL/OPG output.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15866165
Canonical Wnt signaling in differentiated osteoblasts controls osteoclast differentiation.
GO:0030324 lung development
IMP
PMID:12885771
beta-Catenin is required for specification of proximal/dista...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin governs lung branching and cell-fate programs through Wnt transcription; a respiratory organ-development outcome downstream of signaling.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven lung development
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12885771
beta-Catenin is required for specification of proximal/distal cell fate during lung morphogenesis.
GO:0048709 oligodendrocyte differentiation
IMP
PMID:19503085
HDAC1 and HDAC2 regulate oligodendrocyte differentiation by ...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin Wnt signaling modulates oligodendrocyte lineage progression; the differentiation process is downstream of its transcription.
Reason: Glial differentiation downstream of Wnt/beta-catenin transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19503085
HDAC1 and HDAC2 regulate oligodendrocyte differentiation by disrupting the beta-catenin-TCF interaction.
GO:0051450 myoblast proliferation
IMP
PMID:18231602
Formation and differentiation of multiple mesenchymal lineag...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Wnt/beta-catenin signaling promotes myoblast expansion during myogenesis; this proliferative phenotype is a downstream consequence of its transcriptional output.
Reason: Myogenic proliferation downstream of beta-catenin Wnt-target transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:18231602
Formation and differentiation of multiple mesenchymal lineages during lung development is regulated by beta-catenin signaling.
GO:0060441 epithelial tube branching involved in lung morphogenesis
IMP
PMID:18533146
An FGF-WNT gene regulatory network controls lung mesenchyme ...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin drives lung airway branching through Wnt-driven epithelial-mesenchymal programs; a pulmonary morphogenetic outcome, not core function.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven lung branching
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:18533146
An FGF-WNT gene regulatory network controls lung mesenchyme development.
GO:0060487 lung epithelial cell differentiation
IMP
PMID:16040629
Beta-catenin regulates differentiation of respiratory epithe...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin specifies lung epithelial cell types via Wnt/TCF transcription; an airway cell-fate outcome downstream of signaling.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven lung epithelial fate
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16040629
Beta-catenin regulates differentiation of respiratory epithelial cells in vivo.
GO:0060767 epithelial cell proliferation involved in prostate gland development
IMP
PMID:12813461
Activation of beta-catenin in prostate epithelium induces hy...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin promotes prostate epithelial proliferation via Wnt target genes; a tissue-specific growth outcome downstream of its transcriptional role.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven prostate epithelial proliferation
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12813461
Activation of beta-catenin in prostate epithelium induces hyperplasias and squamous transdifferentiation.
GO:0072089 stem cell proliferation
IMP
PMID:18533146
An FGF-WNT gene regulatory network controls lung mesenchyme ...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin Wnt signaling sustains stem/progenitor self-renewal and proliferation across tissues; a key downstream consequence of its transcriptional program.
Reason: Stem-cell proliferation/maintenance downstream of Wnt transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:18533146
An FGF-WNT gene regulatory network controls lung mesenchyme development.
GO:0097190 apoptotic signaling pathway
IMP
PMID:15131783
Inducible Cre-mediated control of gene expression in the mur...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin influences apoptotic signaling indirectly via Wnt target genes (e.g. survival genes); a cell-fate consequence, not a direct apoptotic mechanism.
Reason: indirect, downstream of Wnt survival-gene program
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15131783
Inducible Cre-mediated control of gene expression in the murine gastrointestinal tract: effect of loss of beta-catenin.
GO:0097190 apoptotic signaling pathway
IMP
PMID:20454446
WNT4/beta-catenin pathway maintains female germ cell surviva...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin influences apoptotic signaling indirectly via Wnt target genes (e.g. survival genes); a cell-fate consequence, not a direct apoptotic mechanism.
Reason: indirect, downstream of Wnt survival-gene program
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:20454446
WNT4/beta-catenin pathway maintains female germ cell survival by inhibiting activin betaB in the mouse fetal ovary.
GO:0097190 apoptotic signaling pathway
IGI
PMID:20454446
WNT4/beta-catenin pathway maintains female germ cell surviva...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin influences apoptotic signaling indirectly via Wnt target genes (e.g. survival genes); a cell-fate consequence, not a direct apoptotic mechanism.
Reason: indirect, downstream of Wnt survival-gene program
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:20454446
WNT4/beta-catenin pathway maintains female germ cell survival by inhibiting activin betaB in the mouse fetal ovary.
GO:0032212 positive regulation of telomere maintenance via telomerase
IMP
PMID:22723415
Wnt/Ξ²-catenin signaling regulates telomerase in stem cells a...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin up-regulates Tert transcription, boosting telomerase activity; a downstream transcriptional-target effect rather than a direct enzymatic role.
Reason: Telomerase upregulation downstream of beta-catenin Tert transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:22723415
Wnt/Ξ²-catenin signaling regulates telomerase in stem cells and cancer cells.
GO:0001222 transcription corepressor binding
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Binding to corepressors (e.g. via ICAT/Groucho crosstalk) modulates Wnt output, a regulatory rather than core coactivation interaction.
Reason: Regulatory partner; electronic, non-core.
GO:0016358 dendrite development
IGI
PMID:27713508
Conditional Knockout of Breast Carcinoma Amplified Sequence ...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin influences dendrite development through synaptic/adhesion roles in neurons, a tissue-specific developmental process.
Reason: Neuronal developmental role; IGI, non-core.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:27713508
Conditional Knockout of Breast Carcinoma Amplified Sequence 2 (BCAS2) in Mouse Forebrain Causes Dendritic Malformation via Ξ²-catenin.
GO:0001222 transcription corepressor binding
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Binding to corepressors (e.g. via ICAT/Groucho crosstalk) modulates Wnt output, a regulatory rather than core coactivation interaction.
Reason: Regulatory partner; electronic, non-core.
GO:0060856 establishment of blood-brain barrier
IMP
PMID:25083995
Canonical WNT signaling components in vascular development a...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin (Wnt7-driven) establishes BBB endothelial properties via TCF transcription and junctions; a neurovascular barrier outcome downstream of its dual role.
Reason: downstream Wnt/junction-driven BBB formation
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:25083995
Canonical WNT signaling components in vascular development and barrier formation.
GO:1990963 establishment of blood-retinal barrier
IMP
PMID:25083995
Canonical WNT signaling components in vascular development a...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin (Norrin/Wnt-driven) establishes the blood-retinal barrier via TCF transcription and junctional integrity; a barrier-formation outcome downstream of its dual role.
Reason: downstream Wnt/junction-driven BRB formation
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:25083995
Canonical WNT signaling components in vascular development and barrier formation.
GO:0001709 cell fate determination
IMP
PMID:15708565
Effects of canonical Wnt signaling on dorso-ventral specific...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin biases cell-fate determination by activating Wnt/TCF lineage genes; a developmental fate outcome downstream of its transcriptional role.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven fate determination
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15708565
Effects of canonical Wnt signaling on dorso-ventral specification of the mouse telencephalon.
GO:0003682 chromatin binding
IDA
PMID:15024079
Brn-2 expression controls melanoma proliferation and is dire...
ACCEPT
Summary: In the nucleus beta-catenin associates with chromatin at Wnt target genes as part of TCF/LEF transcription complexes.
Reason: Core nuclear Wnt role; IDA/IGI-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15024079
Brn-2 expression controls melanoma proliferation and is directly regulated by beta-catenin.
GO:0003682 chromatin binding
IDA
PMID:15778706
Wnt signalling induces maturation of Paneth cells in intesti...
ACCEPT
Summary: In the nucleus beta-catenin associates with chromatin at Wnt target genes as part of TCF/LEF transcription complexes.
Reason: Core nuclear Wnt role; IDA/IGI-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15778706
Wnt signalling induces maturation of Paneth cells in intestinal crypts.
GO:0003682 chromatin binding
IDA
PMID:15907834
Wnt/beta-catenin signaling acts upstream of N-myc, BMP4, and...
ACCEPT
Summary: In the nucleus beta-catenin associates with chromatin at Wnt target genes as part of TCF/LEF transcription complexes.
Reason: Core nuclear Wnt role; IDA/IGI-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15907834
Wnt/beta-catenin signaling acts upstream of N-myc, BMP4, and FGF signaling to regulate proximal-distal patterning in the lung.
GO:0003682 chromatin binding
IDA
PMID:16581771
CCN1/Cyr61 is regulated by the canonical Wnt signal and play...
ACCEPT
Summary: In the nucleus beta-catenin associates with chromatin at Wnt target genes as part of TCF/LEF transcription complexes.
Reason: Core nuclear Wnt role; IDA/IGI-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16581771
CCN1/Cyr61 is regulated by the canonical Wnt signal and plays an important role in Wnt3A-induced osteoblast differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells.
GO:0030154 cell differentiation
IMP
PMID:15131783
Inducible Cre-mediated control of gene expression in the mur...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Top-level differentiation umbrella that says nothing specific about beta-catenin; its specific lineage-differentiation terms already capture the Wnt-driven roles.
Reason: vague umbrella superseded by specific terms
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15131783
Inducible Cre-mediated control of gene expression in the murine gastrointestinal tract: effect of loss of beta-catenin.
GO:0030154 cell differentiation
IMP
PMID:16192304
Beta-catenin is essential for pancreatic acinar but not isle...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Top-level differentiation umbrella that says nothing specific about beta-catenin; its specific lineage-differentiation terms already capture the Wnt-driven roles.
Reason: vague umbrella superseded by specific terms
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16192304
Beta-catenin is essential for pancreatic acinar but not islet development.
GO:0030324 lung development
IMP
PMID:18231602
Formation and differentiation of multiple mesenchymal lineag...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin governs lung branching and cell-fate programs through Wnt transcription; a respiratory organ-development outcome downstream of signaling.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven lung development
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:18231602
Formation and differentiation of multiple mesenchymal lineages during lung development is regulated by beta-catenin signaling.
GO:0030539 male genitalia development
IMP
PMID:19282366
Genetic interactions of the androgen and Wnt/beta-catenin pa...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin drives male external genital outgrowth/patterning via Wnt transcription; a urogenital developmental outcome downstream of signaling.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven male genitalia development
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19282366
Genetic interactions of the androgen and Wnt/beta-catenin pathways for the masculinization of external genitalia.
GO:0030856 regulation of epithelial cell differentiation
IMP
PMID:12813461
Activation of beta-catenin in prostate epithelium induces hy...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Generic epithelial-differentiation regulation reflects beta-catenin's Wnt control of epithelial fate; a downstream umbrella process.
Reason: Epithelial fate regulation downstream of Wnt transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12813461
Activation of beta-catenin in prostate epithelium induces hyperplasias and squamous transdifferentiation.
GO:0030858 positive regulation of epithelial cell differentiation
IMP
PMID:16040629
Beta-catenin regulates differentiation of respiratory epithe...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin promotes epithelial differentiation in several tissues via Wnt-target transcription; a downstream lineage phenotype.
Reason: Epithelial differentiation downstream of Wnt transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16040629
Beta-catenin regulates differentiation of respiratory epithelial cells in vivo.
GO:0030900 forebrain development
IMP
PMID:15708565
Effects of canonical Wnt signaling on dorso-ventral specific...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin patterns forebrain via Wnt/TCF neural transcription and progenitor control; a CNS developmental outcome, not core function.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven forebrain development
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15708565
Effects of canonical Wnt signaling on dorso-ventral specification of the mouse telencephalon.
GO:0031016 pancreas development
IMP
PMID:16192304
Beta-catenin is essential for pancreatic acinar but not isle...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin Wnt signaling is required for pancreatic growth and acinar development; a downstream organ-development phenotype.
Reason: Pancreas development downstream of Wnt/beta-catenin transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16192304
Beta-catenin is essential for pancreatic acinar but not islet development.
GO:0031069 hair follicle morphogenesis
IMP
PMID:11371349
beta-Catenin controls hair follicle morphogenesis and stem c...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin is essential for hair-follicle morphogenesis through epidermal Wnt/TCF transcription; an ectodermal appendage outcome downstream of signaling.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven hair follicle morphogenesis
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:11371349
beta-Catenin controls hair follicle morphogenesis and stem cell differentiation in the skin.
GO:0031069 hair follicle morphogenesis
IMP
PMID:24309208
Wnt/Ξ²-catenin signaling in dermal condensates is required fo...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin is essential for hair-follicle morphogenesis through epidermal Wnt/TCF transcription; an ectodermal appendage outcome downstream of signaling.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven hair follicle morphogenesis
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:24309208
Wnt/Ξ²-catenin signaling in dermal condensates is required for hair follicle formation.
GO:0031641 regulation of myelination
IMP
PMID:19515974
Dysregulation of the Wnt pathway inhibits timely myelination...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin modulates myelination via Wnt-dependent control of oligodendrocyte maturation; a downstream glial/CNS phenotype.
Reason: Myelination control downstream of Wnt oligodendrocyte transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19515974
Dysregulation of the Wnt pathway inhibits timely myelination and remyelination in the mammalian CNS.
GO:0032331 negative regulation of chondrocyte differentiation
IGI
PMID:16818445
Wnt9a signaling is required for joint integrity and regulati...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin Wnt signaling biases skeletal progenitors away from chondrogenesis toward osteogenesis; a genetic-interaction downstream skeletal phenotype.
Reason: Chondrocyte suppression downstream of Wnt fate-switch transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16818445
Wnt9a signaling is required for joint integrity and regulation of Ihh during chondrogenesis.
GO:0033077 T cell differentiation in thymus
IMP
PMID:16025118
Loss of adenomatous polyposis coli gene function disrupts th...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Thymic T-cell differentiation requires Wnt/beta-catenin transcriptional signaling; a tissue-specific lymphoid maturation phenotype downstream of TCF co-activation.
Reason: tissue-specific downstream Wnt output in thymus
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16025118
Loss of adenomatous polyposis coli gene function disrupts thymic development.
GO:0034332 adherens junction organization
IMP
PMID:19129494
Wnt/beta-catenin signaling is required for CNS, but not non-...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin organizes adherens junctions through the cadherin-catenin complex; loss perturbs junction integrity.
Reason: Core adhesion process; IMP-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19129494
Wnt/beta-catenin signaling is required for CNS, but not non-CNS, angiogenesis.
GO:0035050 embryonic heart tube development
IMP
PMID:18231602
Formation and differentiation of multiple mesenchymal lineag...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin contributes to heart-tube formation via Wnt-driven cardiac progenitor programs; a cardiac developmental outcome, not core function.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven heart tube development
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:18231602
Formation and differentiation of multiple mesenchymal lineages during lung development is regulated by beta-catenin signaling.
GO:0035112 genitalia morphogenesis
IMP
PMID:18635608
Tissue-specific requirements of beta-catenin in external gen...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin shapes external genitalia via Wnt-driven outgrowth and patterning; a urogenital morphogenetic outcome downstream of transcription.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven genital morphogenesis
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:18635608
Tissue-specific requirements of beta-catenin in external genitalia development.
GO:0035115 embryonic forelimb morphogenesis
IDA
PMID:15371327
Wnt/beta-catenin signaling is sufficient and necessary for s...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin drives forelimb outgrowth/patterning through Wnt-driven AER maintenance (IDA); a limb developmental outcome downstream of its signaling role.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven forelimb morphogenesis
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15371327
Wnt/beta-catenin signaling is sufficient and necessary for synovial joint formation.
GO:0035116 embryonic hindlimb morphogenesis
IMP
PMID:12923052
Genetic interaction between Wnt/beta-catenin and BMP recepto...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin drives hindlimb outgrowth/patterning via Wnt signaling in limb mesenchyme/AER; a limb morphogenetic outcome downstream of transcription.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven hindlimb morphogenesis
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12923052
Genetic interaction between Wnt/beta-catenin and BMP receptor signaling during formation of the AER and the dorsal-ventral axis in the limb.
GO:0035116 embryonic hindlimb morphogenesis
IMP
PMID:18231602
Formation and differentiation of multiple mesenchymal lineag...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin drives hindlimb outgrowth/patterning via Wnt signaling in limb mesenchyme/AER; a limb morphogenetic outcome downstream of transcription.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven hindlimb morphogenesis
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:18231602
Formation and differentiation of multiple mesenchymal lineages during lung development is regulated by beta-catenin signaling.
GO:0042127 regulation of cell population proliferation
IDA
PMID:12235125
Beta-catenin-induced melanoma growth requires the downstream...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Generic proliferation regulation reflects beta-catenin's Wnt mitogenic transcriptional program; downstream and non-specific.
Reason: Umbrella proliferation regulation downstream of Wnt transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12235125
Beta-catenin-induced melanoma growth requires the downstream target Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor.
GO:0042127 regulation of cell population proliferation
IMP
PMID:17055474
The stabilization of beta-catenin leads to impaired primordi...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Generic proliferation regulation reflects beta-catenin's Wnt mitogenic transcriptional program; downstream and non-specific.
Reason: Umbrella proliferation regulation downstream of Wnt transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:17055474
The stabilization of beta-catenin leads to impaired primordial germ cell development via aberrant cell cycle progression.
GO:0042127 regulation of cell population proliferation
IMP
PMID:18635608
Tissue-specific requirements of beta-catenin in external gen...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Generic proliferation regulation reflects beta-catenin's Wnt mitogenic transcriptional program; downstream and non-specific.
Reason: Umbrella proliferation regulation downstream of Wnt transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:18635608
Tissue-specific requirements of beta-catenin in external genitalia development.
GO:0042129 regulation of T cell proliferation
IMP
PMID:14608382
Deletion of beta-catenin impairs T cell development.
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin Wnt signaling modulates T-cell expansion during lymphopoiesis; a downstream immune-development phenotype.
Reason: T-cell proliferation control downstream of Wnt transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:14608382
Deletion of beta-catenin impairs T cell development.
GO:0042475 odontogenesis of dentin-containing tooth
IMP
PMID:15866165
Canonical Wnt signaling in differentiated osteoblasts contro...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin Wnt signaling is essential for tooth morphogenesis and dentinogenesis; a downstream organ-development phenotype.
Reason: Tooth development downstream of Wnt/beta-catenin transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15866165
Canonical Wnt signaling in differentiated osteoblasts controls osteoclast differentiation.
GO:0042733 embryonic digit morphogenesis
IMP
PMID:12923052
Genetic interaction between Wnt/beta-catenin and BMP recepto...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin shapes digit formation in the limb through Wnt-driven AER and mesenchymal programs; a limb morphogenetic outcome downstream of signaling.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven digit morphogenesis
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12923052
Genetic interaction between Wnt/beta-catenin and BMP receptor signaling during formation of the AER and the dorsal-ventral axis in the limb.
GO:0042733 embryonic digit morphogenesis
IMP
PMID:20043884
Antagonistic crosstalk of Wnt/beta-catenin/Bmp signaling wit...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin shapes digit formation in the limb through Wnt-driven AER and mesenchymal programs; a limb morphogenetic outcome downstream of signaling.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven digit morphogenesis
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:20043884
Antagonistic crosstalk of Wnt/beta-catenin/Bmp signaling within the Apical Ectodermal Ridge (AER) regulates interdigit formation.
GO:0042733 embryonic digit morphogenesis
IGI
PMID:20043884
Antagonistic crosstalk of Wnt/beta-catenin/Bmp signaling wit...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin shapes digit formation in the limb through Wnt-driven AER and mesenchymal programs; a limb morphogenetic outcome downstream of signaling.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven digit morphogenesis
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:20043884
Antagonistic crosstalk of Wnt/beta-catenin/Bmp signaling within the Apical Ectodermal Ridge (AER) regulates interdigit formation.
GO:0042981 regulation of apoptotic process
IMP
PMID:20043884
Antagonistic crosstalk of Wnt/beta-catenin/Bmp signaling wit...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Generic apoptosis regulation reflects beta-catenin's transcriptional control of survival/death genes; a downstream, non-specific regulatory role.
Reason: Umbrella survival/death regulation downstream of Wnt transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:20043884
Antagonistic crosstalk of Wnt/beta-catenin/Bmp signaling within the Apical Ectodermal Ridge (AER) regulates interdigit formation.
GO:0043410 positive regulation of MAPK cascade
IGI
PMID:16478791
APC inhibits ERK pathway activation and cellular proliferati...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IGI-supported genetic interaction with MAPK signaling; a crosstalk effect rather than beta-catenin's core Wnt/transcription function.
Reason: Crosstalk regulatory effect; non-core (experimental IGI, not removed).
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16478791
APC inhibits ERK pathway activation and cellular proliferation induced by RAS.
GO:0043524 negative regulation of neuron apoptotic process
IGI
PMID:22956852
Integration of Ξ²-catenin, sirtuin, and FOXO signaling protec...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin protects neurons from apoptosis in genetic-interaction assays, consistent with Wnt-driven survival transcription; a neuron-specific downstream phenotype.
Reason: Neuronal survival downstream of Wnt/beta-catenin transcriptional targets.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:22956852
Integration of Ξ²-catenin, sirtuin, and FOXO signaling protects from mutant huntingtin toxicity.
GO:0043588 skin development
IMP
PMID:19718027
Tcf3 and Tcf4 are essential for long-term homeostasis of ski...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin Wnt signaling governs epidermal/appendage development; a downstream organ-system phenotype combining adhesion and transcription roles.
Reason: Skin development downstream of Wnt transcription and adhesion.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19718027
Tcf3 and Tcf4 are essential for long-term homeostasis of skin epithelia.
GO:0045453 bone resorption
IMP
PMID:15866165
Canonical Wnt signaling in differentiated osteoblasts contro...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin shifts osteoblast/osteoclast balance (e.g. OPG induction) via Wnt/TCF transcription, regulating resorption; a skeletal-remodeling outcome, not core function.
Reason: downstream of Wnt-driven osteo-transcriptional balance
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15866165
Canonical Wnt signaling in differentiated osteoblasts controls osteoclast differentiation.
GO:0045453 bone resorption
IGI
PMID:15866165
Canonical Wnt signaling in differentiated osteoblasts contro...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin shifts osteoblast/osteoclast balance (e.g. OPG induction) via Wnt/TCF transcription, regulating resorption; a skeletal-remodeling outcome, not core function.
Reason: downstream of Wnt-driven osteo-transcriptional balance
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15866165
Canonical Wnt signaling in differentiated osteoblasts controls osteoclast differentiation.
GO:0045595 regulation of cell differentiation
IDA
PMID:12717450
A role for Wnt signalling in self-renewal of haematopoietic ...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IDA-level generic differentiation regulation summarizes beta-catenin's transcriptional control of many fate decisions; a downstream umbrella process.
Reason: Broad differentiation control downstream of Wnt transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12717450
A role for Wnt signalling in self-renewal of haematopoietic stem cells.
GO:0045596 negative regulation of cell differentiation
IMP
PMID:15866163
Canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling prevents osteoblasts fr...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin can hold progenitors undifferentiated via Wnt-target transcription (stemness genes); a broad downstream differentiation-blocking phenotype.
Reason: Differentiation suppression downstream of Wnt stemness-gene transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15866163
Canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling prevents osteoblasts from differentiating into chondrocytes.
GO:0045596 negative regulation of cell differentiation
IMP
PMID:16102745
The duality of beta-catenin function: a requirement in lens ...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin can hold progenitors undifferentiated via Wnt-target transcription (stemness genes); a broad downstream differentiation-blocking phenotype.
Reason: Differentiation suppression downstream of Wnt stemness-gene transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16102745
The duality of beta-catenin function: a requirement in lens morphogenesis and signaling suppression of lens fate in periocular ectoderm.
GO:0045603 positive regulation of endothelial cell differentiation
IMP
PMID:18231602
Formation and differentiation of multiple mesenchymal lineag...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Wnt/beta-catenin transcription supports endothelial cell fate during vascular development; the differentiation outcome is downstream.
Reason: Endothelial differentiation downstream of Wnt-target transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:18231602
Formation and differentiation of multiple mesenchymal lineages during lung development is regulated by beta-catenin signaling.
GO:0045667 regulation of osteoblast differentiation
IMP
PMID:15576404
Sequential roles of Hedgehog and Wnt signaling in osteoblast...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Generic osteoblast-differentiation regulation summarizes beta-catenin's Wnt control of bone-forming cell fate; downstream and somewhat redundant.
Reason: Osteoblast fate regulation downstream of Wnt transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15576404
Sequential roles of Hedgehog and Wnt signaling in osteoblast development.
GO:0045667 regulation of osteoblast differentiation
IMP
PMID:15802266
Essential role of beta-catenin in postnatal bone acquisition...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Generic osteoblast-differentiation regulation summarizes beta-catenin's Wnt control of bone-forming cell fate; downstream and somewhat redundant.
Reason: Osteoblast fate regulation downstream of Wnt transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15802266
Essential role of beta-catenin in postnatal bone acquisition.
GO:0045669 positive regulation of osteoblast differentiation
IMP
PMID:15866163
Canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling prevents osteoblasts fr...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin promotes osteoblast differentiation by activating osteogenic Wnt targets; a downstream, lineage-specific developmental role.
Reason: Pro-osteoblast effect downstream of Wnt osteogenic transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15866163
Canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling prevents osteoblasts from differentiating into chondrocytes.
GO:0045670 regulation of osteoclast differentiation
IMP
PMID:15802266
Essential role of beta-catenin in postnatal bone acquisition...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin regulates osteoclastogenesis indirectly via osteoblast RANKL/OPG transcription; a downstream bone-remodeling control.
Reason: Osteoclast regulation downstream of Wnt-driven osteoblast signaling.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15802266
Essential role of beta-catenin in postnatal bone acquisition.
GO:0045671 negative regulation of osteoclast differentiation
IMP
PMID:15866165
Canonical Wnt signaling in differentiated osteoblasts contro...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Osteoblast-lineage beta-catenin Wnt signaling raises OPG to restrain osteoclastogenesis; a downstream bone-remodeling phenotype.
Reason: Osteoclast suppression downstream of Wnt-driven OPG transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15866165
Canonical Wnt signaling in differentiated osteoblasts controls osteoclast differentiation.
GO:0045743 positive regulation of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway
IMP
PMID:18231602
Formation and differentiation of multiple mesenchymal lineag...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin Wnt output can up-regulate FGF ligands/receptors, amplifying FGFR signaling; a downstream signaling-crosstalk phenotype.
Reason: FGFR pathway boost downstream of Wnt-target transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:18231602
Formation and differentiation of multiple mesenchymal lineages during lung development is regulated by beta-catenin signaling.
GO:0045743 positive regulation of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway
IMP
PMID:18533146
An FGF-WNT gene regulatory network controls lung mesenchyme ...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin Wnt output can up-regulate FGF ligands/receptors, amplifying FGFR signaling; a downstream signaling-crosstalk phenotype.
Reason: FGFR pathway boost downstream of Wnt-target transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:18533146
An FGF-WNT gene regulatory network controls lung mesenchyme development.
GO:0045892 negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription
IDA
PMID:12551949
Lymphoid enhancer factor-1 and beta-catenin inhibit Runx2-de...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: beta-catenin can repress specific targets (e.g. via SOX9/TCF competition or unliganded-TCF contexts), but its core, defining transcriptional role is positive coactivation of TCF/LEF targets.
Reason: Context-dependent repression; secondary to its activating role.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12551949
Lymphoid enhancer factor-1 and beta-catenin inhibit Runx2-dependent transcriptional activation of the osteocalcin promoter.
GO:0045892 negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription
IMP
PMID:15866163
Canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling prevents osteoblasts fr...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: beta-catenin can repress specific targets (e.g. via SOX9/TCF competition or unliganded-TCF contexts), but its core, defining transcriptional role is positive coactivation of TCF/LEF targets.
Reason: Context-dependent repression; secondary to its activating role.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15866163
Canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling prevents osteoblasts from differentiating into chondrocytes.
GO:0045893 positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription
IDA
PMID:10631168
Hippocampus development and generation of dentate gyrus gran...
MODIFY
Summary: Correct in essence but uses the generic DNA-templated parent; beta-catenin specifically positively regulates RNA polymerase II transcription as the TCF/LEF coactivator.
Reason: Generic parent; specialize to Pol II-specific positive regulation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:10631168
Hippocampus development and generation of dentate gyrus granule cells is regulated by LEF1.
GO:0045893 positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription
IDA
PMID:12551949
Lymphoid enhancer factor-1 and beta-catenin inhibit Runx2-de...
MODIFY
Summary: Correct in essence but uses the generic DNA-templated parent; beta-catenin specifically positively regulates RNA polymerase II transcription as the TCF/LEF coactivator.
Reason: Generic parent; specialize to Pol II-specific positive regulation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12551949
Lymphoid enhancer factor-1 and beta-catenin inhibit Runx2-dependent transcriptional activation of the osteocalcin promoter.
GO:0045893 positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription
IMP
PMID:15866163
Canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling prevents osteoblasts fr...
MODIFY
Summary: Correct in essence but uses the generic DNA-templated parent; beta-catenin specifically positively regulates RNA polymerase II transcription as the TCF/LEF coactivator.
Reason: Generic parent; specialize to Pol II-specific positive regulation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15866163
Canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling prevents osteoblasts from differentiating into chondrocytes.
GO:0045893 positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription
IDA
PMID:16936075
The Wnt/beta-catenin pathway regulates Gli-mediated Myf5 exp...
MODIFY
Summary: Correct in essence but uses the generic DNA-templated parent; beta-catenin specifically positively regulates RNA polymerase II transcription as the TCF/LEF coactivator.
Reason: Generic parent; specialize to Pol II-specific positive regulation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16936075
The Wnt/beta-catenin pathway regulates Gli-mediated Myf5 expression during somitogenesis.
GO:0045893 positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription
IMP
PMID:17767158
Modulation of morphogenesis by noncanonical Wnt signaling re...
MODIFY
Summary: Correct in essence but uses the generic DNA-templated parent; beta-catenin specifically positively regulates RNA polymerase II transcription as the TCF/LEF coactivator.
Reason: Generic parent; specialize to Pol II-specific positive regulation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:17767158
Modulation of morphogenesis by noncanonical Wnt signaling requires ATF/CREB family-mediated transcriptional activation of TGFbeta2.
GO:0045893 positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription
IDA
PMID:19056892
A functional link between Wnt signaling and SKP2-independent...
MODIFY
Summary: Correct in essence but uses the generic DNA-templated parent; beta-catenin specifically positively regulates RNA polymerase II transcription as the TCF/LEF coactivator.
Reason: Generic parent; specialize to Pol II-specific positive regulation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19056892
A functional link between Wnt signaling and SKP2-independent p27 turnover in mammary tumors.
GO:0045893 positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription
IMP
PMID:19690384
Wnt signaling regulates smooth muscle precursor development ...
MODIFY
Summary: Correct in essence but uses the generic DNA-templated parent; beta-catenin specifically positively regulates RNA polymerase II transcription as the TCF/LEF coactivator.
Reason: Generic parent; specialize to Pol II-specific positive regulation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19690384
Wnt signaling regulates smooth muscle precursor development in the mouse lung via a tenascin C/PDGFR pathway.
GO:0045944 positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
IMP
PMID:15024079
Brn-2 expression controls melanoma proliferation and is dire...
ACCEPT
Summary: Core function: nuclear beta-catenin is the TCF/LEF coactivator that activates Wnt-responsive Pol II target genes (recruits EP300/CREBBP, BCL9). Broadly supported.
Reason: Central coactivator function, multiply and experimentally supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15024079
Brn-2 expression controls melanoma proliferation and is directly regulated by beta-catenin.
GO:0045944 positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
IGI
PMID:15729346
Pax3 functions at a nodal point in melanocyte stem cell diff...
ACCEPT
Summary: Core function: nuclear beta-catenin is the TCF/LEF coactivator that activates Wnt-responsive Pol II target genes (recruits EP300/CREBBP, BCL9). Broadly supported.
Reason: Central coactivator function, multiply and experimentally supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15729346
Pax3 functions at a nodal point in melanocyte stem cell differentiation.
GO:0045944 positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
IGI
PMID:15778706
Wnt signalling induces maturation of Paneth cells in intesti...
ACCEPT
Summary: Core function: nuclear beta-catenin is the TCF/LEF coactivator that activates Wnt-responsive Pol II target genes (recruits EP300/CREBBP, BCL9). Broadly supported.
Reason: Central coactivator function, multiply and experimentally supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15778706
Wnt signalling induces maturation of Paneth cells in intestinal crypts.
GO:0045944 positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
IDA
PMID:15907834
Wnt/beta-catenin signaling acts upstream of N-myc, BMP4, and...
ACCEPT
Summary: Core function: nuclear beta-catenin is the TCF/LEF coactivator that activates Wnt-responsive Pol II target genes (recruits EP300/CREBBP, BCL9). Broadly supported.
Reason: Central coactivator function, multiply and experimentally supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15907834
Wnt/beta-catenin signaling acts upstream of N-myc, BMP4, and FGF signaling to regulate proximal-distal patterning in the lung.
GO:0045944 positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
IGI
PMID:16678101
Homeodomain-mediated beta-catenin-dependent switching events...
ACCEPT
Summary: Core function: nuclear beta-catenin is the TCF/LEF coactivator that activates Wnt-responsive Pol II target genes (recruits EP300/CREBBP, BCL9). Broadly supported.
Reason: Central coactivator function, multiply and experimentally supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16678101
Homeodomain-mediated beta-catenin-dependent switching events dictate cell-lineage determination.
GO:0045944 positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
IDA
PMID:19620969
A regulatory pathway involving Notch1/beta-catenin/Isl1 dete...
ACCEPT
Summary: Core function: nuclear beta-catenin is the TCF/LEF coactivator that activates Wnt-responsive Pol II target genes (recruits EP300/CREBBP, BCL9). Broadly supported.
Reason: Central coactivator function, multiply and experimentally supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19620969
A regulatory pathway involving Notch1/beta-catenin/Isl1 determines cardiac progenitor cell fate.
GO:0045944 positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
IDA
PMID:20159597
Characterization and in vivo pharmacological rescue of a Wnt...
ACCEPT
Summary: Core function: nuclear beta-catenin is the TCF/LEF coactivator that activates Wnt-responsive Pol II target genes (recruits EP300/CREBBP, BCL9). Broadly supported.
Reason: Central coactivator function, multiply and experimentally supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:20159597
Characterization and in vivo pharmacological rescue of a Wnt2-Gata6 pathway required for cardiac inflow tract development.
GO:0045944 positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
IDA
PMID:20627076
The Wnt/beta-catenin pathway modulates vascular remodeling a...
ACCEPT
Summary: Core function: nuclear beta-catenin is the TCF/LEF coactivator that activates Wnt-responsive Pol II target genes (recruits EP300/CREBBP, BCL9). Broadly supported.
Reason: Central coactivator function, multiply and experimentally supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:20627076
The Wnt/beta-catenin pathway modulates vascular remodeling and specification by upregulating Dll4/Notch signaling.
GO:0045944 positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
IDA
PMID:21750544
The Wnt3a/Ξ²-catenin target gene Mesogenin1 controls the segm...
ACCEPT
Summary: Core function: nuclear beta-catenin is the TCF/LEF coactivator that activates Wnt-responsive Pol II target genes (recruits EP300/CREBBP, BCL9). Broadly supported.
Reason: Central coactivator function, multiply and experimentally supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:21750544
The Wnt3a/Ξ²-catenin target gene Mesogenin1 controls the segmentation clock by activating a Notch signalling program.
GO:0048469 cell maturation
IMP
PMID:15576404
Sequential roles of Hedgehog and Wnt signaling in osteoblast...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin supports terminal cell maturation in several lineages through Wnt transcriptional output; a differentiation-completion outcome (IDA/IMP), not core function.
Reason: downstream maturation of Wnt-target lineages
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15576404
Sequential roles of Hedgehog and Wnt signaling in osteoblast development.
GO:0048469 cell maturation
IDA
PMID:17706960
Persistent expression of stabilized beta-catenin delays matu...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin supports terminal cell maturation in several lineages through Wnt transcriptional output; a differentiation-completion outcome (IDA/IMP), not core function.
Reason: downstream maturation of Wnt-target lineages
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:17706960
Persistent expression of stabilized beta-catenin delays maturation of radial glial cells into intermediate progenitors.
GO:0048489 synaptic vesicle transport
IMP
PMID:14622577
Role of beta-catenin in synaptic vesicle localization and pr...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin's cadherin scaffolding influences synaptic vesicle localization/transport; a downstream adhesion-linked synaptic phenotype.
Reason: Vesicle transport downstream of cadherin-adhesion scaffolding role.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:14622577
Role of beta-catenin in synaptic vesicle localization and presynaptic assembly.
GO:0048513 animal organ development
IMP
PMID:18635608
Tissue-specific requirements of beta-catenin in external gen...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Generic organ-development umbrella that conveys nothing specific about beta-catenin; the many specific organ terms already capture its Wnt-driven roles.
Reason: vague high-level umbrella adds no specificity
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:18635608
Tissue-specific requirements of beta-catenin in external genitalia development.
GO:0048538 thymus development
IMP
PMID:16025118
Loss of adenomatous polyposis coli gene function disrupts th...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin Wnt signaling supports thymic epithelial/lymphoid development; a downstream organ-development phenotype.
Reason: Thymus development downstream of Wnt/beta-catenin transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16025118
Loss of adenomatous polyposis coli gene function disrupts thymic development.
GO:0048599 oocyte development
IGI
PMID:20454446
WNT4/beta-catenin pathway maintains female germ cell surviva...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin influences oogenesis in genetic-interaction assays, likely via Wnt-transcriptional control of follicular signaling; a downstream germ-cell phenotype.
Reason: Oocyte development downstream of Wnt transcription; non-core.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:20454446
WNT4/beta-catenin pathway maintains female germ cell survival by inhibiting activin betaB in the mouse fetal ovary.
GO:0048617 embryonic foregut morphogenesis
IMP
PMID:18692041
Bmp4 is required for tracheal formation: a novel mouse model...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin patterns foregut endoderm via Wnt/TCF transcription enabling organ budding; a gut morphogenetic outcome, not core function.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven foregut morphogenesis
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:18692041
Bmp4 is required for tracheal formation: a novel mouse model for tracheal agenesis.
GO:0048715 negative regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation
IMP
PMID:19503085
HDAC1 and HDAC2 regulate oligodendrocyte differentiation by ...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Wnt/beta-catenin inhibits oligodendrocyte maturation (e.g. via Id targets); a downstream glial-fate phenotype.
Reason: Oligodendrocyte block downstream of Wnt transcriptional targets.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19503085
HDAC1 and HDAC2 regulate oligodendrocyte differentiation by disrupting the beta-catenin-TCF interaction.
GO:0050808 synapse organization
IMP
PMID:14622577
Role of beta-catenin in synaptic vesicle localization and pr...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin organizes synapses through cadherin adhesion, a neuron-specific developmental/structural role.
Reason: Neuronal process; IMP, non-core.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:14622577
Role of beta-catenin in synaptic vesicle localization and presynaptic assembly.
GO:0051145 smooth muscle cell differentiation
IMP
PMID:19690384
Wnt signaling regulates smooth muscle precursor development ...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin contributes to smooth muscle fate specification via Wnt-driven transcription; the differentiation outcome is downstream of that program.
Reason: Smooth-muscle fate is downstream transcriptional output, not core MF.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19690384
Wnt signaling regulates smooth muscle precursor development in the mouse lung via a tenascin C/PDGFR pathway.
GO:0060066 oviduct development
IMP
PMID:17532316
Essential roles of mesenchyme-derived beta-catenin in mouse ...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin Wnt signaling patterns Mullerian-duct-derived oviduct; a downstream reproductive-organ development phenotype.
Reason: Oviduct development downstream of Wnt/beta-catenin transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:17532316
Essential roles of mesenchyme-derived beta-catenin in mouse MΓΌllerian duct morphogenesis.
GO:0060070 canonical Wnt signaling pathway
IDA
PMID:12235125
Beta-catenin-induced melanoma growth requires the downstream...
ACCEPT
Summary: The definitional core function: beta-catenin is the key downstream effector of the canonical Wnt pathway, stabilized upon Wnt to drive TCF/LEF target genes. Broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IGI).
Reason: Central, multiply-supported core function of the gene.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12235125
Beta-catenin-induced melanoma growth requires the downstream target Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0060070 canonical Wnt signaling pathway
IDA
PMID:12464179
Identification of a Wnt/Dvl/beta-Catenin --> Pitx2 pathway m...
ACCEPT
Summary: The definitional core function: beta-catenin is the key downstream effector of the canonical Wnt pathway, stabilized upon Wnt to drive TCF/LEF target genes. Broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IGI).
Reason: Central, multiply-supported core function of the gene.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12464179
Identification of a Wnt/Dvl/beta-Catenin --> Pitx2 pathway mediating cell-type-specific proliferation during development.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0060070 canonical Wnt signaling pathway
IDA
PMID:12717450
A role for Wnt signalling in self-renewal of haematopoietic ...
ACCEPT
Summary: The definitional core function: beta-catenin is the key downstream effector of the canonical Wnt pathway, stabilized upon Wnt to drive TCF/LEF target genes. Broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IGI).
Reason: Central, multiply-supported core function of the gene.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12717450
A role for Wnt signalling in self-renewal of haematopoietic stem cells.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0060070 canonical Wnt signaling pathway
IDA
PMID:15781477
Sox2 induction by FGF and FGFR2 activating mutations inhibit...
ACCEPT
Summary: The definitional core function: beta-catenin is the key downstream effector of the canonical Wnt pathway, stabilized upon Wnt to drive TCF/LEF target genes. Broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IGI).
Reason: Central, multiply-supported core function of the gene.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15781477
Sox2 induction by FGF and FGFR2 activating mutations inhibits Wnt signaling and osteoblast differentiation.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0060070 canonical Wnt signaling pathway
IGI
PMID:16678101
Homeodomain-mediated beta-catenin-dependent switching events...
ACCEPT
Summary: The definitional core function: beta-catenin is the key downstream effector of the canonical Wnt pathway, stabilized upon Wnt to drive TCF/LEF target genes. Broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IGI).
Reason: Central, multiply-supported core function of the gene.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16678101
Homeodomain-mediated beta-catenin-dependent switching events dictate cell-lineage determination.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0060070 canonical Wnt signaling pathway
IGI
PMID:16818445
Wnt9a signaling is required for joint integrity and regulati...
ACCEPT
Summary: The definitional core function: beta-catenin is the key downstream effector of the canonical Wnt pathway, stabilized upon Wnt to drive TCF/LEF target genes. Broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IGI).
Reason: Central, multiply-supported core function of the gene.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16818445
Wnt9a signaling is required for joint integrity and regulation of Ihh during chondrogenesis.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0060070 canonical Wnt signaling pathway
IMP
PMID:19060336
A Wnt7b-dependent pathway regulates the orientation of epith...
ACCEPT
Summary: The definitional core function: beta-catenin is the key downstream effector of the canonical Wnt pathway, stabilized upon Wnt to drive TCF/LEF target genes. Broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IGI).
Reason: Central, multiply-supported core function of the gene.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19060336
A Wnt7b-dependent pathway regulates the orientation of epithelial cell division and establishes the cortico-medullary axis of the mammalian kidney.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0060070 canonical Wnt signaling pathway
IMP
PMID:19619491
Reciprocal requirements for EDA/EDAR/NF-kappaB and Wnt/beta-...
ACCEPT
Summary: The definitional core function: beta-catenin is the key downstream effector of the canonical Wnt pathway, stabilized upon Wnt to drive TCF/LEF target genes. Broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IGI).
Reason: Central, multiply-supported core function of the gene.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19619491
Reciprocal requirements for EDA/EDAR/NF-kappaB and Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathways in hair follicle induction.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0060070 canonical Wnt signaling pathway
IGI
PMID:19686689
Wnt2/2b and beta-catenin signaling are necessary and suffici...
ACCEPT
Summary: The definitional core function: beta-catenin is the key downstream effector of the canonical Wnt pathway, stabilized upon Wnt to drive TCF/LEF target genes. Broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IGI).
Reason: Central, multiply-supported core function of the gene.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19686689
Wnt2/2b and beta-catenin signaling are necessary and sufficient to specify lung progenitors in the foregut.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0060070 canonical Wnt signaling pathway
IMP
PMID:19690384
Wnt signaling regulates smooth muscle precursor development ...
ACCEPT
Summary: The definitional core function: beta-catenin is the key downstream effector of the canonical Wnt pathway, stabilized upon Wnt to drive TCF/LEF target genes. Broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IGI).
Reason: Central, multiply-supported core function of the gene.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19690384
Wnt signaling regulates smooth muscle precursor development in the mouse lung via a tenascin C/PDGFR pathway.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0060070 canonical Wnt signaling pathway
IGI
PMID:20454446
WNT4/beta-catenin pathway maintains female germ cell surviva...
ACCEPT
Summary: The definitional core function: beta-catenin is the key downstream effector of the canonical Wnt pathway, stabilized upon Wnt to drive TCF/LEF target genes. Broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IGI).
Reason: Central, multiply-supported core function of the gene.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:20454446
WNT4/beta-catenin pathway maintains female germ cell survival by inhibiting activin betaB in the mouse fetal ovary.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0060070 canonical Wnt signaling pathway
IDA
PMID:31222549
The Shisa3 knockout mouse exhibits normal bone phenotype.
ACCEPT
Summary: The definitional core function: beta-catenin is the key downstream effector of the canonical Wnt pathway, stabilized upon Wnt to drive TCF/LEF target genes. Broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IGI).
Reason: Central, multiply-supported core function of the gene.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:31222549
The Shisa3 knockout mouse exhibits normal bone phenotype.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0060173 limb development
IMP
PMID:12569130
Ectodermal Wnt3/beta-catenin signaling is required for the e...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin is required for limb-bud outgrowth via Wnt-driven AER maintenance; a limb organ-development outcome downstream of signaling.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven limb development
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12569130
Ectodermal Wnt3/beta-catenin signaling is required for the establishment and maintenance of the apical ectodermal ridge.
GO:0060439 trachea morphogenesis
IMP
PMID:18231602
Formation and differentiation of multiple mesenchymal lineag...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin shapes tracheal morphology during foregut development via Wnt targets; a downstream organ-morphogenesis phenotype.
Reason: Trachea morphogenesis downstream of Wnt/beta-catenin transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:18231602
Formation and differentiation of multiple mesenchymal lineages during lung development is regulated by beta-catenin signaling.
GO:0060439 trachea morphogenesis
IMP
PMID:18692041
Bmp4 is required for tracheal formation: a novel mouse model...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin shapes tracheal morphology during foregut development via Wnt targets; a downstream organ-morphogenesis phenotype.
Reason: Trachea morphogenesis downstream of Wnt/beta-catenin transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:18692041
Bmp4 is required for tracheal formation: a novel mouse model for tracheal agenesis.
GO:0060440 trachea formation
IMP
PMID:19805295
beta-Catenin promotes respiratory progenitor identity in mou...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin Wnt signaling is required for tracheal tube formation; a downstream respiratory-organ morphogenesis phenotype.
Reason: Trachea formation downstream of Wnt/beta-catenin transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19805295
beta-Catenin promotes respiratory progenitor identity in mouse foregut.
GO:0060441 epithelial tube branching involved in lung morphogenesis
IMP
PMID:18231602
Formation and differentiation of multiple mesenchymal lineag...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin drives lung airway branching through Wnt-driven epithelial-mesenchymal programs; a pulmonary morphogenetic outcome, not core function.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven lung branching
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:18231602
Formation and differentiation of multiple mesenchymal lineages during lung development is regulated by beta-catenin signaling.
GO:0060479 lung cell differentiation
IMP
PMID:19805295
beta-Catenin promotes respiratory progenitor identity in mou...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin drives pulmonary cell-type differentiation via Wnt/TCF transcription; a lung cell-fate outcome downstream of signaling.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven lung cell differentiation
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19805295
beta-Catenin promotes respiratory progenitor identity in mouse foregut.
GO:0060484 lung-associated mesenchyme development
IMP
PMID:18533146
An FGF-WNT gene regulatory network controls lung mesenchyme ...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin supports pulmonary mesenchyme development via Wnt-driven transcription enabling epithelial-mesenchymal crosstalk; a tissue developmental outcome.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven lung mesenchyme development
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:18533146
An FGF-WNT gene regulatory network controls lung mesenchyme development.
GO:0060492 lung induction
IMP
PMID:19686689
Wnt2/2b and beta-catenin signaling are necessary and suffici...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin participates in initial lung specification from foregut endoderm via Wnt transcription; an early organ-induction outcome downstream of signaling.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven lung induction
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19686689
Wnt2/2b and beta-catenin signaling are necessary and sufficient to specify lung progenitors in the foregut.
GO:0060492 lung induction
IMP
PMID:19805295
beta-Catenin promotes respiratory progenitor identity in mou...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin participates in initial lung specification from foregut endoderm via Wnt transcription; an early organ-induction outcome downstream of signaling.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven lung induction
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19805295
beta-Catenin promotes respiratory progenitor identity in mouse foregut.
GO:0060742 epithelial cell differentiation involved in prostate gland development
IMP
PMID:12813461
Activation of beta-catenin in prostate epithelium induces hy...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin drives prostate epithelial differentiation via Wnt/TCF transcription; a tissue-specific cell-fate outcome downstream of signaling.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven prostate epithelial fate
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12813461
Activation of beta-catenin in prostate epithelium induces hyperplasias and squamous transdifferentiation.
GO:0060769 positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation involved in prostate gland development
IMP
PMID:12813461
Activation of beta-catenin in prostate epithelium induces hy...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin Wnt signaling drives prostate epithelial proliferation during gland development; a downstream organ-specific phenotype.
Reason: Prostate epithelial proliferation downstream of Wnt transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12813461
Activation of beta-catenin in prostate epithelium induces hyperplasias and squamous transdifferentiation.
GO:0060789 hair follicle placode formation
IMP
PMID:11371349
beta-Catenin controls hair follicle morphogenesis and stem c...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin initiates hair placodes via Wnt/TCF transcription in epidermis (IGI/IMP); an early skin-appendage outcome downstream of signaling.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven hair placode initiation
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:11371349
beta-Catenin controls hair follicle morphogenesis and stem cell differentiation in the skin.
GO:0060789 hair follicle placode formation
IGI
PMID:19619491
Reciprocal requirements for EDA/EDAR/NF-kappaB and Wnt/beta-...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin initiates hair placodes via Wnt/TCF transcription in epidermis (IGI/IMP); an early skin-appendage outcome downstream of signaling.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven hair placode initiation
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19619491
Reciprocal requirements for EDA/EDAR/NF-kappaB and Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathways in hair follicle induction.
GO:0060916 mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in lung development
IMP
PMID:17128274
Wnt-beta-catenin signaling initiates taste papilla developme...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin sustains lung mesenchyme proliferation via Wnt transcription supporting branching; a tissue-specific growth outcome downstream of signaling.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven lung mesenchymal proliferation
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:17128274
Wnt-beta-catenin signaling initiates taste papilla development.
GO:0060916 mesenchymal cell proliferation involved in lung development
IMP
PMID:18231602
Formation and differentiation of multiple mesenchymal lineag...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin sustains lung mesenchyme proliferation via Wnt transcription supporting branching; a tissue-specific growth outcome downstream of signaling.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven lung mesenchymal proliferation
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:18231602
Formation and differentiation of multiple mesenchymal lineages during lung development is regulated by beta-catenin signaling.
GO:0061047 positive regulation of branching involved in lung morphogenesis
IMP
PMID:18533146
An FGF-WNT gene regulatory network controls lung mesenchyme ...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin Wnt signaling promotes airway branching during lung morphogenesis; a downstream organ-morphogenesis phenotype.
Reason: Lung branching downstream of Wnt/beta-catenin transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:18533146
An FGF-WNT gene regulatory network controls lung mesenchyme development.
GO:0061198 fungiform papilla formation
IMP
PMID:17128274
Wnt-beta-catenin signaling initiates taste papilla developme...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin drives fungiform (taste) papilla formation through Wnt-driven placode programs; an ectodermal appendage outcome downstream of signaling.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven papilla placode formation
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:17128274
Wnt-beta-catenin signaling initiates taste papilla development.
GO:0072033 renal vesicle formation
IMP
PMID:17537789
Wnt/beta-catenin signaling regulates nephron induction durin...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Wnt/beta-catenin induces renal vesicles from cap mesenchyme, the first epithelial nephron unit; a downstream renal morphogenesis step.
Reason: Renal vesicle induction downstream of Wnt/beta-catenin transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:17537789
Wnt/beta-catenin signaling regulates nephron induction during mouse kidney development.
GO:0072053 renal inner medulla development
IMP
PMID:19060336
A Wnt7b-dependent pathway regulates the orientation of epith...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin Wnt signaling contributes to inner medullary patterning during kidney development; a downstream regional renal phenotype.
Reason: Inner-medulla development downstream of Wnt/beta-catenin transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19060336
A Wnt7b-dependent pathway regulates the orientation of epithelial cell division and establishes the cortico-medullary axis of the mammalian kidney.
GO:0072054 renal outer medulla development
IMP
PMID:19060336
A Wnt7b-dependent pathway regulates the orientation of epith...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin Wnt signaling shapes outer medullary kidney architecture; a downstream regional renal-development phenotype.
Reason: Outer-medulla development downstream of Wnt transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19060336
A Wnt7b-dependent pathway regulates the orientation of epithelial cell division and establishes the cortico-medullary axis of the mammalian kidney.
GO:0072079 nephron tubule formation
IMP
PMID:17537789
Wnt/beta-catenin signaling regulates nephron induction durin...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin Wnt signaling drives mesenchyme-to-nephron-tubule conversion; a downstream renal morphogenesis phenotype.
Reason: Nephron tubule formation downstream of Wnt/beta-catenin transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:17537789
Wnt/beta-catenin signaling regulates nephron induction during mouse kidney development.
GO:0098609 cell-cell adhesion
IMP
PMID:16102745
The duality of beta-catenin function: a requirement in lens ...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin is essential for cadherin-based cell-cell adhesion, anchoring the adhesion complex to the cytoskeleton.
Reason: Core adhesion process; IBA/IMP-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16102745
The duality of beta-catenin function: a requirement in lens morphogenesis and signaling suppression of lens fate in periocular ectoderm.
GO:2000017 positive regulation of determination of dorsal identity
IDA
PMID:18316368
Protein encoded by the Axin(Fu) allele effectively down-regu...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Nuclear beta-catenin specifies dorsal/organizer identity in early embryos via Wnt-target transcription; an IDA axis-patterning phenotype downstream of signaling.
Reason: Dorsal-axis specification downstream of Wnt/beta-catenin transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:18316368
Protein encoded by the Axin(Fu) allele effectively down-regulates Wnt signaling but exerts a dominant negative effect on c-Jun N-terminal kinase signaling.
GO:2001234 negative regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway
IMP
PMID:15131783
Inducible Cre-mediated control of gene expression in the mur...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Genetic evidence links beta-catenin to dampening apoptotic signaling, plausibly via Wnt survival-gene transcription; a downstream regulatory phenotype.
Reason: Downstream survival-signaling modulation via Wnt transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15131783
Inducible Cre-mediated control of gene expression in the murine gastrointestinal tract: effect of loss of beta-catenin.
GO:2001234 negative regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway
IMP
PMID:20454446
WNT4/beta-catenin pathway maintains female germ cell surviva...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Genetic evidence links beta-catenin to dampening apoptotic signaling, plausibly via Wnt survival-gene transcription; a downstream regulatory phenotype.
Reason: Downstream survival-signaling modulation via Wnt transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:20454446
WNT4/beta-catenin pathway maintains female germ cell survival by inhibiting activin betaB in the mouse fetal ovary.
GO:2001234 negative regulation of apoptotic signaling pathway
IGI
PMID:20454446
WNT4/beta-catenin pathway maintains female germ cell surviva...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Genetic evidence links beta-catenin to dampening apoptotic signaling, plausibly via Wnt survival-gene transcription; a downstream regulatory phenotype.
Reason: Downstream survival-signaling modulation via Wnt transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:20454446
WNT4/beta-catenin pathway maintains female germ cell survival by inhibiting activin betaB in the mouse fetal ovary.
GO:0003676 nucleic acid binding
EXP
PMID:21075118
Biochemical and structural characterization of Ξ²-catenin int...
MODIFY
Summary: Beta-catenin does not bind DNA sequence-specifically; its genuine nucleic-acid-associated role is chromatin association within TCF/LEF complexes.
Reason: Over-general/likely indirect; replace with chromatin binding which it genuinely does.
Proposed replacements: chromatin binding
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:21075118
Biochemical and structural characterization of Ξ²-catenin interactions with nonphosphorylated and CK2-phosphorylated Lef-1.
GO:0001221 transcription coregulator binding
IPI
PMID:22723415
Wnt/Ξ²-catenin signaling regulates telomerase in stem cells a...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Binding to transcription coregulators broadens beta-catenin's coactivator interactions; specific TF/coactivator terms more directly capture the core Wnt role.
Reason: Generic-ish nuclear MF; IPI, supportive.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:22723415
Wnt/Ξ²-catenin signaling regulates telomerase in stem cells and cancer cells.
GO:0045944 positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
IBA
GO_REF:0000033
ACCEPT
Summary: Core function: nuclear beta-catenin is the TCF/LEF coactivator that activates Wnt-responsive Pol II target genes (recruits EP300/CREBBP, BCL9). Broadly supported.
Reason: Central coactivator function, multiply and experimentally supported.
GO:0005634 nucleus
IBA
GO_REF:0000033
ACCEPT
Summary: Nuclear accumulation of stabilized beta-catenin is essential for its role as the canonical Wnt transcriptional effector.
Reason: Core localization; broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
GO:0098609 cell-cell adhesion
IBA
GO_REF:0000033
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin is essential for cadherin-based cell-cell adhesion, anchoring the adhesion complex to the cytoskeleton.
Reason: Core adhesion process; IBA/IMP-supported.
GO:0045296 cadherin binding
IBA
GO_REF:0000033
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin binds the cytoplasmic tail of classical cadherins (E-/N-cadherin) via its armadillo repeats, the founding interaction of the cadherin-catenin complex.
Reason: Core structural MF; crystallographically defined, IPI/IBA.
Supporting Evidence:
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0060070 canonical Wnt signaling pathway
IBA
GO_REF:0000033
ACCEPT
Summary: The definitional core function: beta-catenin is the key downstream effector of the canonical Wnt pathway, stabilized upon Wnt to drive TCF/LEF target genes. Broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IGI).
Reason: Central, multiply-supported core function of the gene.
Supporting Evidence:
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0016922 nuclear receptor binding
IBA
GO_REF:0000033
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin coactivates several nuclear receptors (e.g. NR5A2, AR/ER), broadening its transcriptional crosstalk beyond the core TCF/LEF axis.
Reason: Crosstalk coactivation; non-core relative to TCF.
GO:0005737 cytoplasm
IBA
GO_REF:0000033
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin maintains a genuine cytoplasmic pool, where it is held in the destruction complex or bound to cadherin tails before junction delivery.
Reason: Genuine pool; strongly supported (IDA/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
GO:0019903 protein phosphatase binding
IBA
GO_REF:0000033
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Protein-phosphatase binding (e.g. PTPN6/PTPRJ) regulates tyrosine-phosphorylation of junctional beta-catenin, a regulatory interaction.
Reason: Regulatory partner; IBA/IPI, non-core.
GO:0045294 alpha-catenin binding
IBA
GO_REF:0000033
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin binds alpha-catenin via its N-terminal region, the key linkage coupling the cadherin-catenin complex to the actin cytoskeleton.
Reason: Core structural MF; crystallographically defined, IPI/IDA.
GO:0005912 adherens junction
IBA
GO_REF:0000033
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin is a defining structural component of the adherens junction, bridging E-cadherin to alpha-catenin and the actin cytoskeleton.
Reason: Core structural localization; strongly supported (IBA/IDA).
Supporting Evidence:
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0016342 catenin complex
IBA
GO_REF:0000033
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin is a defining member of the catenin (cadherin-catenin) complex linking cadherins to alpha-catenin/actin.
Reason: Core complex; broadly supported (IBA/IDA/IMP/ISS).
GO:0003713 transcription coactivator activity
IBA
GO_REF:0000033
ACCEPT
Summary: The core molecular function: nuclear beta-catenin acts as a transcription coactivator for TCF/LEF factors, bridging EP300/CREBBP and BCL9 to Wnt target promoters. Experimentally supported.
Reason: Defining molecular-function of beta-catenin; well supported (IDA/IMP).
Supporting Evidence:
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0000922 spindle pole
IEA
GO_REF:0000044
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: A mitotic spindle-pole pool (via NEK2) reflects a centrosome-related moonlighting localization, distinct from core adhesion/Wnt roles.
Reason: Secondary localization; IEA, non-core.
GO:0005634 nucleus
IEA
GO_REF:0000120
ACCEPT
Summary: Nuclear accumulation of stabilized beta-catenin is essential for its role as the canonical Wnt transcriptional effector.
Reason: Core localization; broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
GO:0005737 cytoplasm
IEA
GO_REF:0000120
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin maintains a genuine cytoplasmic pool, where it is held in the destruction complex or bound to cadherin tails before junction delivery.
Reason: Genuine pool; strongly supported (IDA/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
GO:0005813 centrosome
IEA
GO_REF:0000120
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin has a reported centrosomal pool acting in centrosome cohesion/separation, distinct from its core adhesion and Wnt roles.
Reason: Secondary localization; IDA but non-core moonlighting.
GO:0005856 cytoskeleton
IEA
GO_REF:0000044
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Cytoskeleton localization reflects indirect cortical actin association via the cadherin-catenin complex; the specific junctional terms are more informative.
Reason: Over-general CC parent; electronic.
GO:0005886 plasma membrane
IEA
GO_REF:0000120
ACCEPT
Summary: The majority of beta-catenin is at the plasma membrane within cadherin-catenin junctional complexes.
Reason: Core localization; IDA/TAS-supported.
GO:0005912 adherens junction
IEA
GO_REF:0000120
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin is a defining structural component of the adherens junction, bridging E-cadherin to alpha-catenin and the actin cytoskeleton.
Reason: Core structural localization; strongly supported (IBA/IDA).
Supporting Evidence:
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0007155 cell adhesion
IEA
GO_REF:0000120
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Generic cell adhesion is subsumed by the more specific cadherin-mediated cell-cell adhesion terms that capture beta-catenin's actual mechanism.
Reason: Over-general parent; electronic; specific child preferred.
GO:0007399 nervous system development
IEA
GO_REF:0000043
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Pure-IEA, system-wide nervous-system development is too high-level to be informative; beta-catenin's specific CNS roles are captured by finer child terms.
Reason: Vague IEA umbrella adding nothing over specific neural terms; over-annotation.
GO:0016020 membrane
IEA
GO_REF:0000117
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Bare 'membrane' is uninformative given the specific plasma-membrane/junction terms already capturing beta-catenin's localization.
Reason: Over-general CC parent.
GO:0016055 Wnt signaling pathway
IEA
GO_REF:0000043
MODIFY
Summary: beta-catenin acts specifically in the CANONICAL (beta-catenin-dependent) Wnt branch, not the non-canonical branches. The generic parent should be specialized.
Reason: IEA generic parent; specific canonical child available and well supported.
Proposed replacements: canonical Wnt signaling pathway
GO:0045202 synapse
IEA
GO_REF:0000044
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Synaptic localization supports cadherin-based synaptic adhesion in neurons, a tissue-specific pool.
Reason: Synapse localization; IDA/IEA, non-core.
GO:0045216 cell-cell junction organization
IEA
GO_REF:0000117
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin contributes to organizing cell-cell junctions through assembly of the cadherin-catenin adhesion complex.
Reason: Core adhesion process; consistent with junction roles.
GO:0045296 cadherin binding
IEA
GO_REF:0000120
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin binds the cytoplasmic tail of classical cadherins (E-/N-cadherin) via its armadillo repeats, the founding interaction of the cadherin-catenin complex.
Reason: Core structural MF; crystallographically defined, IPI/IBA.
Supporting Evidence:
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0070161 anchoring junction
IEA
GO_REF:0000044
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin localizes to anchoring junctions (adherens junctions), consistent with its cadherin-catenin structural role.
Reason: Core localization parent of adherens junction.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:10481074
A GSK3-binding peptide from FRAT1 selectively inhibits the G...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:10481074
A GSK3-binding peptide from FRAT1 selectively inhibits the GSK3-catalysed phosphorylation of axin and beta-catenin.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:10873669
Identification of a novel beta-catenin-interacting protein.
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:10873669
Identification of a novel beta-catenin-interacting protein.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:10882138
Structure of the dimerization and beta-catenin-binding regio...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:10882138
Structure of the dimerization and beta-catenin-binding region of alpha-catenin.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:11348595
The structure of the beta-catenin/E-cadherin complex and the...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:11348595
The structure of the beta-catenin/E-cadherin complex and the molecular basis of diverse ligand recognition by beta-catenin.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:12408825
ICAT inhibits beta-catenin binding to Tcf/Lef-family transcr...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12408825
ICAT inhibits beta-catenin binding to Tcf/Lef-family transcription factors and the general coactivator p300 using independent structural modules.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:12421363
Axin negatively affects tau phosphorylation by glycogen synt...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12421363
Axin negatively affects tau phosphorylation by glycogen synthase kinase 3beta.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:12874278
The PDZ protein tax-interacting protein-1 inhibits beta-cate...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12874278
The PDZ protein tax-interacting protein-1 inhibits beta-catenin transcriptional activity and growth of colorectal cancer cells.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:14691142
alpha3beta1 integrin-CD151, a component of the cadherin-cate...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:14691142
alpha3beta1 integrin-CD151, a component of the cadherin-catenin complex, regulates PTPmu expression and cell-cell adhesion.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:15327768
Mechanism of phosphorylation-dependent binding of APC to bet...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15327768
Mechanism of phosphorylation-dependent binding of APC to beta-catenin and its role in beta-catenin degradation.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:16293619
Thermodynamics of beta-catenin-ligand interactions: the role...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16293619
Thermodynamics of beta-catenin-ligand interactions: the roles of the N- and C-terminal tails in modulating binding affinity.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:16678101
Homeodomain-mediated beta-catenin-dependent switching events...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16678101
Homeodomain-mediated beta-catenin-dependent switching events dictate cell-lineage determination.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:19107203
Direct inhibition of GSK3beta by the phosphorylated cytoplas...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19107203
Direct inhibition of GSK3beta by the phosphorylated cytoplasmic domain of LRP6 in Wnt/beta-catenin signaling.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:20531388
Mutant huntingtin-impaired degradation of beta-catenin cause...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:20531388
Mutant huntingtin-impaired degradation of beta-catenin causes neurotoxicity in Huntington's disease.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:20837657
Abelson family kinases regulate Frizzled planar cell polarit...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:20837657
Abelson family kinases regulate Frizzled planar cell polarity signaling via Dsh phosphorylation.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:21103407
The leukemia-associated Mllt10/Af10-Dot1l are Tcf4/Ξ²-catenin...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:21103407
The leukemia-associated Mllt10/Af10-Dot1l are Tcf4/Ξ²-catenin coactivators essential for intestinal homeostasis.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:21552260
Nemo kinase phosphorylates Ξ²-catenin to promote ommatidial r...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:21552260
Nemo kinase phosphorylates Ξ²-catenin to promote ommatidial rotation and connects core PCP factors to E-cadherin-Ξ²-catenin.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:21730140
Ezrin-mediated apical integrity is required for intestinal h...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:21730140
Ezrin-mediated apical integrity is required for intestinal homeostasis.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:21751375
Functional analysis of novel phosphorylation sites of CREB-b...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:21751375
Functional analysis of novel phosphorylation sites of CREB-binding protein using mass spectrometry and mammalian two-hybrid assays.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:22723415
Wnt/Ξ²-catenin signaling regulates telomerase in stem cells a...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:22723415
Wnt/Ξ²-catenin signaling regulates telomerase in stem cells and cancer cells.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:23273993
Intestinal tumorigenesis initiated by dedifferentiation and ...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:23273993
Intestinal tumorigenesis initiated by dedifferentiation and acquisition of stem-cell-like properties.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:25873176
TGIF governs a feed-forward network that empowers Wnt signal...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:25873176
TGIF governs a feed-forward network that empowers Wnt signaling to drive mammary tumorigenesis.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:26893351
The transcription factor SOX6 contributes to the development...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:26893351
The transcription factor SOX6 contributes to the developmental origins of obesity by promoting adipogenesis.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:9264463
A specific domain in alpha-catenin mediates binding to beta-...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:9264463
A specific domain in alpha-catenin mediates binding to beta-catenin or plakoglobin.
GO:0000209 protein polyubiquitination
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: beta-catenin is the polyubiquitinated SUBSTRATE (K48 chains via SCF-BTRC), not the ligase; this IEA/ISO term reflects its targeting for degradation and is non-core.
Reason: Substrate (not catalytic) involvement; electronic, kept as non-core.
GO:0000791 euchromatin
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: beta-catenin localizes with active TCF/LEF target loci in euchromatin, consistent with its coactivator role, but this CC term is contextual rather than a core function statement.
Reason: Localization term supporting, but not equal to, its coactivator function.
GO:0001649 osteoblast differentiation
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Wnt/beta-catenin is a master driver of osteoblast fate via Runx2/Osterix-linked targets; the differentiation outcome is downstream of that transcription.
Reason: Osteoblastogenesis downstream of Wnt/beta-catenin transcriptional program.
GO:0003713 transcription coactivator activity
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
ACCEPT
Summary: The core molecular function: nuclear beta-catenin acts as a transcription coactivator for TCF/LEF factors, bridging EP300/CREBBP and BCL9 to Wnt target promoters. Experimentally supported.
Reason: Defining molecular-function of beta-catenin; well supported (IDA/IMP).
Supporting Evidence:
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0005102 signaling receptor binding
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Reported signaling-receptor binding is a generic descriptor of regulatory contacts and not a core, mechanistically defined function.
Reason: Semi-generic MF; electronic, peripheral.
GO:0005634 nucleus
ISO
GO_REF:0000096
ACCEPT
Summary: Nuclear accumulation of stabilized beta-catenin is essential for its role as the canonical Wnt transcriptional effector.
Reason: Core localization; broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
GO:0005634 nucleus
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
ACCEPT
Summary: Nuclear accumulation of stabilized beta-catenin is essential for its role as the canonical Wnt transcriptional effector.
Reason: Core localization; broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
GO:0005667 transcription regulator complex
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin is a component of transcription regulator complexes (with TCF/LEF and coactivators) that drive Wnt target gene expression.
Reason: Core nuclear Wnt effector complex; IDA-supported.
GO:0005737 cytoplasm
ISO
GO_REF:0000096
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin maintains a genuine cytoplasmic pool, where it is held in the destruction complex or bound to cadherin tails before junction delivery.
Reason: Genuine pool; strongly supported (IDA/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
GO:0005737 cytoplasm
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin maintains a genuine cytoplasmic pool, where it is held in the destruction complex or bound to cadherin tails before junction delivery.
Reason: Genuine pool; strongly supported (IDA/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
GO:0005813 centrosome
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin has a reported centrosomal pool acting in centrosome cohesion/separation, distinct from its core adhesion and Wnt roles.
Reason: Secondary localization; IDA but non-core moonlighting.
GO:0005829 cytosol
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin has a cytosolic pool subject to destruction-complex regulation and Wnt-dependent stabilization.
Reason: Genuine pool; IDA/TAS-supported.
GO:0005886 plasma membrane
ISO
GO_REF:0000096
ACCEPT
Summary: The majority of beta-catenin is at the plasma membrane within cadherin-catenin junctional complexes.
Reason: Core localization; IDA/TAS-supported.
GO:0005886 plasma membrane
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
ACCEPT
Summary: The majority of beta-catenin is at the plasma membrane within cadherin-catenin junctional complexes.
Reason: Core localization; IDA/TAS-supported.
GO:0005911 cell-cell junction
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin localizes to cell-cell junctions (adherens junctions) as a structural complex component.
Reason: Core junctional localization; IDA.
GO:0005912 adherens junction
ISO
GO_REF:0000096
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin is a defining structural component of the adherens junction, bridging E-cadherin to alpha-catenin and the actin cytoskeleton.
Reason: Core structural localization; strongly supported (IBA/IDA).
Supporting Evidence:
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0005912 adherens junction
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin is a defining structural component of the adherens junction, bridging E-cadherin to alpha-catenin and the actin cytoskeleton.
Reason: Core structural localization; strongly supported (IBA/IDA).
Supporting Evidence:
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin is reported at the cilium where Wnt/cytoskeletal regulation occurs; an electronically inferred location (IEA/ISO) secondary to junction and nuclear pools.
Reason: electronic secondary localization, non-core
GO:0005938 cell cortex
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin associates with the actin-rich cell cortex via the cadherin-catenin complex at cell-cell contacts.
Reason: Genuine cortical pool at junctions.
GO:0007155 cell adhesion
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Generic cell adhesion is subsumed by the more specific cadherin-mediated cell-cell adhesion terms that capture beta-catenin's actual mechanism.
Reason: Over-general parent; electronic; specific child preferred.
GO:0007173 epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
REMOVE
Summary: Beta-catenin is a Wnt-pathway effector and adherens-junction protein, not a component of EGFR signaling; this electronically propagated (IEA/ISO) term is biologically misattributed.
Reason: electronic; EGFR pathway not a beta-catenin role
GO:0008285 negative regulation of cell population proliferation
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Electronic/ortholog-inferred anti-proliferative effect in some lineages, downstream of context-specific Wnt transcriptional output.
Reason: Context anti-proliferation downstream of transcription; non-core (electronic).
GO:0010629 negative regulation of gene expression
ISO
GO_REF:0000096
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Generic negative-regulation-of-expression parent; beta-catenin's specific repressive effects act at the level of Pol II transcription of particular targets.
Reason: Uninformative broad parent; specific Pol II transcription terms preferred.
GO:0010717 regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Generic EMT regulation reflects beta-catenin's dual junctional and Wnt-transcriptional control of epithelial plasticity; an electronic/ortholog-inferred downstream process.
Reason: Downstream EMT control via Wnt transcription and cadherin-adhesion balance; non-core.
GO:0010718 positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Nuclear beta-catenin drives EMT transcriptional programs (Snail/Twist targets) while loss of its junctional pool also promotes EMT; the process is downstream of both core roles.
Reason: EMT is a transcriptional/adhesion downstream output, not beta-catenin's direct molecular function.
GO:0010909 positive regulation of heparan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic process
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Ortholog/electronic-inferred up-regulation of HSPG biosynthesis, plausibly via Wnt transcriptional targets; a downstream biosynthetic effect.
Reason: HSPG biosynthesis upregulation downstream of transcription; non-core (electronic).
GO:0014010 Schwann cell proliferation
ISO
GO_REF:0000096
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin supports Schwann cell proliferation via Wnt/TCF transcriptional output; a peripheral-glia proliferation outcome downstream of its signaling role, not a core molecular function.
Reason: ISO-supported downstream Wnt-driven glial proliferation phenotype
GO:0014704 intercalated disc
ISO
GO_REF:0000096
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin is a core structural component of the cardiac intercalated disc, anchoring N-cadherin to the actin cytoskeleton (IDA/ISO); a direct adhesion-structure localization.
Reason: direct structural localization at cardiac junction
GO:0016020 membrane
ISO
GO_REF:0000096
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Bare 'membrane' is uninformative given the specific plasma-membrane/junction terms already capturing beta-catenin's localization.
Reason: Over-general CC parent.
GO:0016323 basolateral plasma membrane
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin localizes to the basolateral membrane domain of epithelia, the site of cadherin-based cell-cell contacts.
Reason: Genuine junctional pool; IDA-supported.
GO:0016324 apical plasma membrane
ISO
GO_REF:0000096
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Apical plasma membrane pool is a context-specific epithelial localization; beta-catenin junctions are chiefly apicolateral/lateral.
Reason: Secondary membrane subdomain; electronic (ISO).
GO:0016328 lateral plasma membrane
ISO
GO_REF:0000096
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin concentrates at the lateral membrane of epithelia where cadherin-based cell-cell junctions assemble.
Reason: Genuine core junctional membrane pool; IDA.
GO:0016328 lateral plasma membrane
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin concentrates at the lateral membrane of epithelia where cadherin-based cell-cell junctions assemble.
Reason: Genuine core junctional membrane pool; IDA.
GO:0016342 catenin complex
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin is a defining member of the catenin (cadherin-catenin) complex linking cadherins to alpha-catenin/actin.
Reason: Core complex; broadly supported (IBA/IDA/IMP/ISS).
GO:0016922 nuclear receptor binding
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin coactivates several nuclear receptors (e.g. NR5A2, AR/ER), broadening its transcriptional crosstalk beyond the core TCF/LEF axis.
Reason: Crosstalk coactivation; non-core relative to TCF.
GO:0019899 enzyme binding
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'enzyme binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's relevant enzyme contacts (GSK3B, CK1, kinases) are captured by specific kinase/phosphatase terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
GO:0019900 kinase binding
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Generic kinase binding reflects contacts with regulatory kinases (GSK3B, CK1, CDKs); informative specificity is in destruction-complex and PTM annotations.
Reason: Semi-generic MF; electronic, peripheral.
GO:0019902 phosphatase binding
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Phosphatase binding (e.g. PTPRJ/PTPRU) regulates the phosphorylation state of junctional beta-catenin, a regulatory interaction.
Reason: Regulatory partner; electronic, non-core.
GO:0030054 cell junction
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin is a core cell-junction protein, concentrated at cadherin-based cell-cell junctions.
Reason: Core localization (junction parent).
GO:0030331 nuclear estrogen receptor binding
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Estrogen-receptor binding represents nuclear-receptor coactivator crosstalk, secondary to TCF/LEF-based Wnt transcription.
Reason: Crosstalk partner; electronic, non-core.
GO:0030877 beta-catenin destruction complex
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
ACCEPT
Summary: In the absence of Wnt, beta-catenin is the substrate within the AXIN/APC/GSK3B/CK1 destruction complex that drives its phosphorylation and degradation.
Reason: Core Wnt regulation; defining complex membership (IDA/ISS).
GO:0030997 regulation of centriole-centriole cohesion
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin has a reported centrosomal moonlighting role in centriole cohesion; ortholog/electronic-inferred and distinct from its core adhesion/Wnt roles.
Reason: Centrosomal moonlighting role, electronic-inferred; non-core.
GO:0031396 regulation of protein ubiquitination
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Reflects beta-catenin being targeted for / influencing ubiquitination within the destruction complex; an IEA/ISO regulatory term peripheral to its effector function.
Reason: Indirect/substrate-side ubiquitination regulation; electronic, non-core.
GO:0031625 ubiquitin protein ligase binding
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Binding E3 ligases (BTRC/SCF, SIAH1, UBR5) underlies beta-catenin's regulated turnover, a degradation-regulatory interaction.
Reason: Regulatory partner; ISO, non-core.
GO:0031965 nuclear membrane
ISO
GO_REF:0000096
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: A nuclear-membrane pool may reflect nucleocytoplasmic shuttling, peripheral to the functional nuclear (chromatin/TCF) and junctional pools.
Reason: Secondary localization; ISO.
GO:0032355 response to estradiol
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Ortholog/electronic-inferred responsiveness to estradiol, reflecting hormone crosstalk with Wnt/beta-catenin transcription in reproductive tissues; a downstream response.
Reason: Estradiol response downstream/crosstalk with Wnt transcription; non-core (electronic).
GO:0032991 protein-containing complex
ISO
GO_REF:0000096
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein-containing complex' is uninformative; beta-catenin's specific complexes (catenin, TCF, destruction) are annotated separately.
Reason: Generic CC over-annotation.
GO:0032993 protein-DNA complex
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin is part of protein-DNA complexes only indirectly via TCF/LEF; the specific beta-catenin-TCF complex terms capture this better.
Reason: Indirect/over-general; electronic.
GO:0033234 negative regulation of protein sumoylation
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Ortholog/electronic-inferred negative effect on SUMOylation; an indirect downstream activity unrelated to beta-catenin's core adhesion/Wnt functions.
Reason: SUMOylation suppression, electronic-inferred and indirect; non-core.
GO:0034097 response to cytokine
ISO
GO_REF:0000096
UNDECIDED
Summary: Sole ISO ortholog-transfer with no specific cytokine context; while crosstalk between beta-catenin and cytokine pathways exists, the bare term is too unspecific to confidently retain or refute.
Reason: ISO-only, no specific evidence; mark UNDECIDED rather than REMOVE per electronic-evidence caution.
GO:0034112 positive regulation of homotypic cell-cell adhesion
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Promotion of homotypic adhesion follows from beta-catenin's cadherin role, but the directional regulatory term is electronic and secondary to the structural terms.
Reason: Regulatory process; IEA/ISO.
GO:0034333 adherens junction assembly
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
ACCEPT
Summary: By linking cadherin to the catenin/actin machinery, beta-catenin is required for adherens junction assembly.
Reason: Core adhesion process; mechanistically central even if evidence is electronic/ISS.
GO:0034394 protein localization to cell surface
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin promotes surface delivery/retention of cadherin (e.g. via vinculin), a supporting trafficking role secondary to its structural function.
Reason: Peripheral process; electronic.
GO:0035255 ionotropic glutamate receptor binding
ISO
GO_REF:0000096
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Reported binding to ionotropic glutamate receptors is a neuron-specific interaction tied to synaptic adhesion, not a core function.
Reason: Specific neuronal partner; ISO.
GO:0036064 ciliary basal body
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin has been localized to the ciliary basal body, linking junction/centrosome pools; an electronically inferred location (IEA/ISO) peripheral to its core roles.
Reason: electronic minor localization, non-core
GO:0043065 positive regulation of apoptotic process
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: In some contexts beta-catenin promotes apoptosis; this electronic/ortholog-inferred bidirectional effect is a downstream consequence of context-specific transcription.
Reason: Context-dependent pro-apoptotic output downstream of transcription; non-core (electronic).
GO:0043066 negative regulation of apoptotic process
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin Wnt targets (e.g. survival genes) can suppress apoptosis; this electronic/ortholog-inferred pro-survival effect is downstream of transcription.
Reason: Anti-apoptotic effect downstream of Wnt-target gene expression; non-core (electronic).
GO:0043161 proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
ACCEPT
Summary: Core to beta-catenin level control: phosphorylated beta-catenin is the SUBSTRATE ubiquitinated by SCF(BTRC) and degraded by the proteasome, the switch that gates Wnt signaling.
Reason: Defining degradation process that regulates beta-catenin abundance.
Supporting Evidence:
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research-falcon.md
enabling recognition by **Ξ²-TrCP** (E3 ligase adaptor), ubiquitination, and proteasomal degradation
GO:0043198 dendritic shaft
ISO
GO_REF:0000096
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: The dendritic-shaft pool is a neuron-specific localization tied to synaptic adhesion, secondary to core junction/Wnt pools.
Reason: Tissue-specific localization; ISO.
GO:0043525 positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Ortholog-inferred pro-apoptotic effect on neurons in particular contexts, downstream of beta-catenin's transcriptional program.
Reason: Context-specific neuronal apoptosis downstream of Wnt transcription; non-core (electronic).
GO:0043627 response to estrogen
ISO
GO_REF:0000096
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: ISO ortholog-inferred estrogen responsiveness, consistent with estrogen-Wnt crosstalk in hormone-responsive tissues; a downstream response phenotype.
Reason: Estrogen response via hormone-Wnt crosstalk; non-core (electronic).
GO:0044325 transmembrane transporter binding
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Binding to transmembrane transporters/channels (e.g. TRPV4, SLC30A9) reflects context-specific interactions peripheral to core functions.
Reason: Specific peripheral partner class; electronic.
GO:0044331 cell-cell adhesion mediated by cadherin
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin mediates cadherin-dependent cell-cell adhesion, the precise process matching its molecular role.
Reason: Core, mechanistically specific adhesion term.
GO:0044877 protein-containing complex binding
ISO
GO_REF:0000096
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Generic 'complex binding' adds no functional specificity over the named complex-membership and partner-binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation; ISO.
GO:0045294 alpha-catenin binding
ISO
GO_REF:0000096
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin binds alpha-catenin via its N-terminal region, the key linkage coupling the cadherin-catenin complex to the actin cytoskeleton.
Reason: Core structural MF; crystallographically defined, IPI/IDA.
GO:0045294 alpha-catenin binding
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin binds alpha-catenin via its N-terminal region, the key linkage coupling the cadherin-catenin complex to the actin cytoskeleton.
Reason: Core structural MF; crystallographically defined, IPI/IDA.
GO:0045296 cadherin binding
ISO
GO_REF:0000096
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin binds the cytoplasmic tail of classical cadherins (E-/N-cadherin) via its armadillo repeats, the founding interaction of the cadherin-catenin complex.
Reason: Core structural MF; crystallographically defined, IPI/IBA.
Supporting Evidence:
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0045296 cadherin binding
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin binds the cytoplasmic tail of classical cadherins (E-/N-cadherin) via its armadillo repeats, the founding interaction of the cadherin-catenin complex.
Reason: Core structural MF; crystallographically defined, IPI/IBA.
Supporting Evidence:
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0045892 negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: beta-catenin can repress specific targets (e.g. via SOX9/TCF competition or unliganded-TCF contexts), but its core, defining transcriptional role is positive coactivation of TCF/LEF targets.
Reason: Context-dependent repression; secondary to its activating role.
GO:0045893 positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
MODIFY
Summary: Correct in essence but uses the generic DNA-templated parent; beta-catenin specifically positively regulates RNA polymerase II transcription as the TCF/LEF coactivator.
Reason: Generic parent; specialize to Pol II-specific positive regulation.
GO:0045944 positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
ACCEPT
Summary: Core function: nuclear beta-catenin is the TCF/LEF coactivator that activates Wnt-responsive Pol II target genes (recruits EP300/CREBBP, BCL9). Broadly supported.
Reason: Central coactivator function, multiply and experimentally supported.
GO:0046332 SMAD binding
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: SMAD binding represents BMP/TGF-beta pathway crosstalk, secondary to beta-catenin's cadherin-adhesion and Wnt/TCF core functions.
Reason: Crosstalk; electronic (IEA/ISO) and not a core partner class.
GO:0048471 perinuclear region of cytoplasm
ISO
GO_REF:0000096
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: A perinuclear cytoplasmic pool may reflect shuttling/staging intermediates, secondary to functional junctional and nuclear pools.
Reason: Secondary localization; electronic.
GO:0048471 perinuclear region of cytoplasm
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: A perinuclear cytoplasmic pool may reflect shuttling/staging intermediates, secondary to functional junctional and nuclear pools.
Reason: Secondary localization; electronic.
GO:0048660 regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Modulation of vascular/visceral smooth muscle proliferation reflects Wnt/beta-catenin mitogenic target genes; ortholog/electronic-inferred downstream process.
Reason: Downstream proliferative control via Wnt transcriptional targets; non-core.
GO:0050998 nitric-oxide synthase binding
ISO
GO_REF:0000096
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: eNOS-associated binding relates to S-nitrosylation-regulated junction disassembly in endothelium, a regulatory crosstalk interaction.
Reason: Specific partner; ISO, peripheral.
GO:0060070 canonical Wnt signaling pathway
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
ACCEPT
Summary: The definitional core function: beta-catenin is the key downstream effector of the canonical Wnt pathway, stabilized upon Wnt to drive TCF/LEF target genes. Broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IGI).
Reason: Central, multiply-supported core function of the gene.
Supporting Evidence:
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0060231 mesenchymal to epithelial transition
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin contributes to MET through cadherin-junction assembly and Wnt transcriptional balance; a cell-state transition (electronic) downstream of its dual role.
Reason: electronic; downstream of junction/Wnt MET role
GO:0061154 endothelial tube morphogenesis
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin supports endothelial tube formation via junctional integrity and Wnt transcription; a vascular morphogenetic outcome (electronic) downstream of its dual role.
Reason: electronic; downstream of junction/Wnt vascular roles
GO:0061629 RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin directly binds Pol II-specific DNA-binding transcription factors (TCF/LEF) to drive Wnt-responsive transcription.
Reason: Core Wnt coactivation; IDA-supported specific TF binding.
GO:0070097 delta-catenin binding
ISO
GO_REF:0000096
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Binding to delta-catenin (CTNND2) occurs in neuronal contexts; p120/delta-catenin family members bind the cadherin juxtamembrane region, a secondary interaction for beta-catenin.
Reason: Specific partner binding; ISO and peripheral.
GO:0070160 tight junction
ISO
GO_REF:0000096
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin localizes to the tight-junction-associated region of the epithelial apical junctional complex via cadherin-catenin contacts.
Reason: Junctional localization within apical complex; retain (ISO).
GO:0070369 beta-catenin-TCF7L2 complex
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin forms the specific transcriptional complex with TCF7L2/TCF4 that activates Wnt target genes.
Reason: Core Wnt effector complex (specific TCF member).
GO:0070411 I-SMAD binding
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Inhibitory-SMAD binding reflects TGF-beta/BMP crosstalk rather than the canonical cadherin or Wnt/TCF functions of beta-catenin.
Reason: Crosstalk binding; electronic (IEA/ISO) and peripheral to core roles.
GO:0070602 regulation of centromeric sister chromatid cohesion
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: A reported beta-catenin role at centromeric cohesion is a moonlighting function separate from its Wnt/adhesion core; supported by IMP plus electronic inference.
Reason: Sister-chromatid cohesion moonlighting role; non-core to Wnt/adhesion.
GO:0071260 cellular response to mechanical stimulus
ISO
GO_REF:0000096
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Mechanical force at adherens junctions modulates beta-catenin release/signaling (mechanotransduction); a context response (ISO) downstream of its junctional role.
Reason: ISO mechanotransduction downstream of junction role
GO:0071363 cellular response to growth factor stimulus
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin participates in growth-factor-responsive transcription via Wnt crosstalk; a broad, electronically inferred response, kept as non-core given indirect linkage.
Reason: electronic/generic; indirect crosstalk, not core
GO:0071681 cellular response to indole-3-methanol
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
REMOVE
Summary: No credible biological basis for beta-catenin as a responder to indole-3-methanol; an electronically propagated (IEA/ISO/ISS) annotation with no support.
Reason: electronic annotation biologically unsupported for this gene
GO:0071944 cell periphery
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin localizes to the cell periphery at adherens junctions linking cadherins to actin; a broad location term consistent with its structural role but less specific than the junction terms.
Reason: electronic broad location subsumed by adherens-junction terms
GO:0072497 mesenchymal stem cell differentiation
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin directs MSC lineage choice (osteo/chondro/adipo) via Wnt/TCF transcription; a stem-cell fate outcome downstream of signaling.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven MSC differentiation
GO:0090279 regulation of calcium ion import
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Ortholog/electronic-inferred influence on calcium import, distinct from beta-catenin's core Wnt/adhesion roles; a downstream/indirect effect.
Reason: Calcium-import regulation, electronic-inferred and indirect; non-core.
GO:0098609 cell-cell adhesion
ISO
GO_REF:0000096
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin is essential for cadherin-based cell-cell adhesion, anchoring the adhesion complex to the cytoskeleton.
Reason: Core adhesion process; IBA/IMP-supported.
GO:0140297 DNA-binding transcription factor binding
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin binds TCF/LEF DNA-binding transcription factors to coactivate Wnt target genes; core to its nuclear Wnt-effector role.
Reason: Core Wnt: direct TCF/LEF coactivation (IPI); foundational MF for the transcriptional arm.
GO:1905555 positive regulation of blood vessel branching
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin Wnt signaling promotes endothelial branching morphogenesis via target-gene expression; ortholog-inferred downstream vascular process.
Reason: Vessel branching is downstream of Wnt/beta-catenin endothelial transcription.
GO:1990138 neuron projection extension
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Ortholog/electronic-inferred role in axon/dendrite outgrowth, plausibly via cadherin-junction and Wnt-transcriptional inputs; a downstream neuronal phenotype.
Reason: Neurite extension downstream of adhesion/Wnt roles; non-core (electronic).
GO:1990314 cellular response to insulin-like growth factor stimulus
ISO
GO_REF:0000096
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin can be engaged in IGF-responsive transcriptional output via signaling crosstalk; an indirect response (ISO) kept as non-core, not a core IGF-pathway role.
Reason: ISO indirect IGF crosstalk, not core function
GO:1990907 beta-catenin-TCF complex
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
ACCEPT
Summary: The nuclear beta-catenin-TCF complex is the central transcriptional effector unit of canonical Wnt signaling.
Reason: Core Wnt effector complex; IDA-supported.
GO:2000008 regulation of protein localization to cell surface
ISO
GO_REF:0000119
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin modulates cadherin surface levels, a regulatory trafficking role secondary to its structural junction function.
Reason: Peripheral regulatory process; electronic.
GO:0000209 protein polyubiquitination
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: beta-catenin is the polyubiquitinated SUBSTRATE (K48 chains via SCF-BTRC), not the ligase; this IEA/ISO term reflects its targeting for degradation and is non-core.
Reason: Substrate (not catalytic) involvement; electronic, kept as non-core.
GO:0000791 euchromatin
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: beta-catenin localizes with active TCF/LEF target loci in euchromatin, consistent with its coactivator role, but this CC term is contextual rather than a core function statement.
Reason: Localization term supporting, but not equal to, its coactivator function.
GO:0001649 osteoblast differentiation
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Wnt/beta-catenin is a master driver of osteoblast fate via Runx2/Osterix-linked targets; the differentiation outcome is downstream of that transcription.
Reason: Osteoblastogenesis downstream of Wnt/beta-catenin transcriptional program.
GO:0003713 transcription coactivator activity
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
ACCEPT
Summary: The core molecular function: nuclear beta-catenin acts as a transcription coactivator for TCF/LEF factors, bridging EP300/CREBBP and BCL9 to Wnt target promoters. Experimentally supported.
Reason: Defining molecular-function of beta-catenin; well supported (IDA/IMP).
Supporting Evidence:
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0005102 signaling receptor binding
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Reported signaling-receptor binding is a generic descriptor of regulatory contacts and not a core, mechanistically defined function.
Reason: Semi-generic MF; electronic, peripheral.
GO:0005667 transcription regulator complex
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin is a component of transcription regulator complexes (with TCF/LEF and coactivators) that drive Wnt target gene expression.
Reason: Core nuclear Wnt effector complex; IDA-supported.
GO:0005829 cytosol
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin has a cytosolic pool subject to destruction-complex regulation and Wnt-dependent stabilization.
Reason: Genuine pool; IDA/TAS-supported.
GO:0005911 cell-cell junction
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin localizes to cell-cell junctions (adherens junctions) as a structural complex component.
Reason: Core junctional localization; IDA.
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin is reported at the cilium where Wnt/cytoskeletal regulation occurs; an electronically inferred location (IEA/ISO) secondary to junction and nuclear pools.
Reason: electronic secondary localization, non-core
GO:0005938 cell cortex
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin associates with the actin-rich cell cortex via the cadherin-catenin complex at cell-cell contacts.
Reason: Genuine cortical pool at junctions.
GO:0007173 epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
REMOVE
Summary: Beta-catenin is a Wnt-pathway effector and adherens-junction protein, not a component of EGFR signaling; this electronically propagated (IEA/ISO) term is biologically misattributed.
Reason: electronic; EGFR pathway not a beta-catenin role
GO:0008285 negative regulation of cell population proliferation
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Electronic/ortholog-inferred anti-proliferative effect in some lineages, downstream of context-specific Wnt transcriptional output.
Reason: Context anti-proliferation downstream of transcription; non-core (electronic).
GO:0009410 response to xenobiotic stimulus
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IEA-inferred xenobiotic responsiveness; an indirect downstream response not central to beta-catenin's adhesion or Wnt-transcriptional function.
Reason: Xenobiotic response, IEA-inferred and indirect; non-core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research-falcon.md
enabling recognition by **Ξ²-TrCP** (E3 ligase adaptor), ubiquitination, and proteasomal degradation
GO:0010717 regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Generic EMT regulation reflects beta-catenin's dual junctional and Wnt-transcriptional control of epithelial plasticity; an electronic/ortholog-inferred downstream process.
Reason: Downstream EMT control via Wnt transcription and cadherin-adhesion balance; non-core.
GO:0010718 positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Nuclear beta-catenin drives EMT transcriptional programs (Snail/Twist targets) while loss of its junctional pool also promotes EMT; the process is downstream of both core roles.
Reason: EMT is a transcriptional/adhesion downstream output, not beta-catenin's direct molecular function.
GO:0010909 positive regulation of heparan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic process
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Ortholog/electronic-inferred up-regulation of HSPG biosynthesis, plausibly via Wnt transcriptional targets; a downstream biosynthetic effect.
Reason: HSPG biosynthesis upregulation downstream of transcription; non-core (electronic).
GO:0016323 basolateral plasma membrane
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin localizes to the basolateral membrane domain of epithelia, the site of cadherin-based cell-cell contacts.
Reason: Genuine junctional pool; IDA-supported.
GO:0016328 lateral plasma membrane
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin concentrates at the lateral membrane of epithelia where cadherin-based cell-cell junctions assemble.
Reason: Genuine core junctional membrane pool; IDA.
GO:0016342 catenin complex
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin is a defining member of the catenin (cadherin-catenin) complex linking cadherins to alpha-catenin/actin.
Reason: Core complex; broadly supported (IBA/IDA/IMP/ISS).
GO:0016922 nuclear receptor binding
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin coactivates several nuclear receptors (e.g. NR5A2, AR/ER), broadening its transcriptional crosstalk beyond the core TCF/LEF axis.
Reason: Crosstalk coactivation; non-core relative to TCF.
GO:0019899 enzyme binding
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'enzyme binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's relevant enzyme contacts (GSK3B, CK1, kinases) are captured by specific kinase/phosphatase terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
GO:0019900 kinase binding
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Generic kinase binding reflects contacts with regulatory kinases (GSK3B, CK1, CDKs); informative specificity is in destruction-complex and PTM annotations.
Reason: Semi-generic MF; electronic, peripheral.
GO:0019902 phosphatase binding
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Phosphatase binding (e.g. PTPRJ/PTPRU) regulates the phosphorylation state of junctional beta-catenin, a regulatory interaction.
Reason: Regulatory partner; electronic, non-core.
GO:0030054 cell junction
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin is a core cell-junction protein, concentrated at cadherin-based cell-cell junctions.
Reason: Core localization (junction parent).
GO:0030331 nuclear estrogen receptor binding
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Estrogen-receptor binding represents nuclear-receptor coactivator crosstalk, secondary to TCF/LEF-based Wnt transcription.
Reason: Crosstalk partner; electronic, non-core.
GO:0030877 beta-catenin destruction complex
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
ACCEPT
Summary: In the absence of Wnt, beta-catenin is the substrate within the AXIN/APC/GSK3B/CK1 destruction complex that drives its phosphorylation and degradation.
Reason: Core Wnt regulation; defining complex membership (IDA/ISS).
GO:0030997 regulation of centriole-centriole cohesion
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin has a reported centrosomal moonlighting role in centriole cohesion; ortholog/electronic-inferred and distinct from its core adhesion/Wnt roles.
Reason: Centrosomal moonlighting role, electronic-inferred; non-core.
GO:0031396 regulation of protein ubiquitination
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Reflects beta-catenin being targeted for / influencing ubiquitination within the destruction complex; an IEA/ISO regulatory term peripheral to its effector function.
Reason: Indirect/substrate-side ubiquitination regulation; electronic, non-core.
GO:0032355 response to estradiol
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Ortholog/electronic-inferred responsiveness to estradiol, reflecting hormone crosstalk with Wnt/beta-catenin transcription in reproductive tissues; a downstream response.
Reason: Estradiol response downstream/crosstalk with Wnt transcription; non-core (electronic).
GO:0032991 protein-containing complex
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein-containing complex' is uninformative; beta-catenin's specific complexes (catenin, TCF, destruction) are annotated separately.
Reason: Generic CC over-annotation.
GO:0032993 protein-DNA complex
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin is part of protein-DNA complexes only indirectly via TCF/LEF; the specific beta-catenin-TCF complex terms capture this better.
Reason: Indirect/over-general; electronic.
GO:0033234 negative regulation of protein sumoylation
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Ortholog/electronic-inferred negative effect on SUMOylation; an indirect downstream activity unrelated to beta-catenin's core adhesion/Wnt functions.
Reason: SUMOylation suppression, electronic-inferred and indirect; non-core.
GO:0034112 positive regulation of homotypic cell-cell adhesion
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Promotion of homotypic adhesion follows from beta-catenin's cadherin role, but the directional regulatory term is electronic and secondary to the structural terms.
Reason: Regulatory process; IEA/ISO.
GO:0034333 adherens junction assembly
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
ACCEPT
Summary: By linking cadherin to the catenin/actin machinery, beta-catenin is required for adherens junction assembly.
Reason: Core adhesion process; mechanistically central even if evidence is electronic/ISS.
GO:0034394 protein localization to cell surface
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin promotes surface delivery/retention of cadherin (e.g. via vinculin), a supporting trafficking role secondary to its structural function.
Reason: Peripheral process; electronic.
GO:0036064 ciliary basal body
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin has been localized to the ciliary basal body, linking junction/centrosome pools; an electronically inferred location (IEA/ISO) peripheral to its core roles.
Reason: electronic minor localization, non-core
GO:0043065 positive regulation of apoptotic process
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: In some contexts beta-catenin promotes apoptosis; this electronic/ortholog-inferred bidirectional effect is a downstream consequence of context-specific transcription.
Reason: Context-dependent pro-apoptotic output downstream of transcription; non-core (electronic).
GO:0043066 negative regulation of apoptotic process
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin Wnt targets (e.g. survival genes) can suppress apoptosis; this electronic/ortholog-inferred pro-survival effect is downstream of transcription.
Reason: Anti-apoptotic effect downstream of Wnt-target gene expression; non-core (electronic).
GO:0043161 proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent protein catabolic process
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
ACCEPT
Summary: Core to beta-catenin level control: phosphorylated beta-catenin is the SUBSTRATE ubiquitinated by SCF(BTRC) and degraded by the proteasome, the switch that gates Wnt signaling.
Reason: Defining degradation process that regulates beta-catenin abundance.
Supporting Evidence:
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research-falcon.md
enabling recognition by **Ξ²-TrCP** (E3 ligase adaptor), ubiquitination, and proteasomal degradation
GO:0043525 positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Ortholog-inferred pro-apoptotic effect on neurons in particular contexts, downstream of beta-catenin's transcriptional program.
Reason: Context-specific neuronal apoptosis downstream of Wnt transcription; non-core (electronic).
GO:0044325 transmembrane transporter binding
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Binding to transmembrane transporters/channels (e.g. TRPV4, SLC30A9) reflects context-specific interactions peripheral to core functions.
Reason: Specific peripheral partner class; electronic.
GO:0044331 cell-cell adhesion mediated by cadherin
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin mediates cadherin-dependent cell-cell adhesion, the precise process matching its molecular role.
Reason: Core, mechanistically specific adhesion term.
GO:0045294 alpha-catenin binding
IEA
GO_REF:0000120
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin binds alpha-catenin via its N-terminal region, the key linkage coupling the cadherin-catenin complex to the actin cytoskeleton.
Reason: Core structural MF; crystallographically defined, IPI/IDA.
GO:0045892 negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: beta-catenin can repress specific targets (e.g. via SOX9/TCF competition or unliganded-TCF contexts), but its core, defining transcriptional role is positive coactivation of TCF/LEF targets.
Reason: Context-dependent repression; secondary to its activating role.
GO:0045893 positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
MODIFY
Summary: Correct in essence but uses the generic DNA-templated parent; beta-catenin specifically positively regulates RNA polymerase II transcription as the TCF/LEF coactivator.
Reason: Generic parent; specialize to Pol II-specific positive regulation.
GO:0045944 positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
ACCEPT
Summary: Core function: nuclear beta-catenin is the TCF/LEF coactivator that activates Wnt-responsive Pol II target genes (recruits EP300/CREBBP, BCL9). Broadly supported.
Reason: Central coactivator function, multiply and experimentally supported.
GO:0046332 SMAD binding
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: SMAD binding represents BMP/TGF-beta pathway crosstalk, secondary to beta-catenin's cadherin-adhesion and Wnt/TCF core functions.
Reason: Crosstalk; electronic (IEA/ISO) and not a core partner class.
GO:0048471 perinuclear region of cytoplasm
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: A perinuclear cytoplasmic pool may reflect shuttling/staging intermediates, secondary to functional junctional and nuclear pools.
Reason: Secondary localization; electronic.
GO:0048660 regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Modulation of vascular/visceral smooth muscle proliferation reflects Wnt/beta-catenin mitogenic target genes; ortholog/electronic-inferred downstream process.
Reason: Downstream proliferative control via Wnt transcriptional targets; non-core.
GO:0060070 canonical Wnt signaling pathway
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
ACCEPT
Summary: The definitional core function: beta-catenin is the key downstream effector of the canonical Wnt pathway, stabilized upon Wnt to drive TCF/LEF target genes. Broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IGI).
Reason: Central, multiply-supported core function of the gene.
Supporting Evidence:
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0060231 mesenchymal to epithelial transition
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin contributes to MET through cadherin-junction assembly and Wnt transcriptional balance; a cell-state transition (electronic) downstream of its dual role.
Reason: electronic; downstream of junction/Wnt MET role
GO:0061154 endothelial tube morphogenesis
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin supports endothelial tube formation via junctional integrity and Wnt transcription; a vascular morphogenetic outcome (electronic) downstream of its dual role.
Reason: electronic; downstream of junction/Wnt vascular roles
GO:0061629 RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin directly binds Pol II-specific DNA-binding transcription factors (TCF/LEF) to drive Wnt-responsive transcription.
Reason: Core Wnt coactivation; IDA-supported specific TF binding.
GO:0070369 beta-catenin-TCF7L2 complex
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin forms the specific transcriptional complex with TCF7L2/TCF4 that activates Wnt target genes.
Reason: Core Wnt effector complex (specific TCF member).
GO:0070411 I-SMAD binding
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Inhibitory-SMAD binding reflects TGF-beta/BMP crosstalk rather than the canonical cadherin or Wnt/TCF functions of beta-catenin.
Reason: Crosstalk binding; electronic (IEA/ISO) and peripheral to core roles.
GO:0070602 regulation of centromeric sister chromatid cohesion
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: A reported beta-catenin role at centromeric cohesion is a moonlighting function separate from its Wnt/adhesion core; supported by IMP plus electronic inference.
Reason: Sister-chromatid cohesion moonlighting role; non-core to Wnt/adhesion.
GO:0071363 cellular response to growth factor stimulus
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin participates in growth-factor-responsive transcription via Wnt crosstalk; a broad, electronically inferred response, kept as non-core given indirect linkage.
Reason: electronic/generic; indirect crosstalk, not core
GO:0071681 cellular response to indole-3-methanol
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
REMOVE
Summary: No credible biological basis for beta-catenin as a responder to indole-3-methanol; an electronically propagated (IEA/ISO/ISS) annotation with no support.
Reason: electronic annotation biologically unsupported for this gene
GO:0071944 cell periphery
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin localizes to the cell periphery at adherens junctions linking cadherins to actin; a broad location term consistent with its structural role but less specific than the junction terms.
Reason: electronic broad location subsumed by adherens-junction terms
GO:0072497 mesenchymal stem cell differentiation
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin directs MSC lineage choice (osteo/chondro/adipo) via Wnt/TCF transcription; a stem-cell fate outcome downstream of signaling.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven MSC differentiation
GO:0090279 regulation of calcium ion import
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Ortholog/electronic-inferred influence on calcium import, distinct from beta-catenin's core Wnt/adhesion roles; a downstream/indirect effect.
Reason: Calcium-import regulation, electronic-inferred and indirect; non-core.
GO:0140297 DNA-binding transcription factor binding
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin binds TCF/LEF DNA-binding transcription factors to coactivate Wnt target genes; core to its nuclear Wnt-effector role.
Reason: Core Wnt: direct TCF/LEF coactivation (IPI); foundational MF for the transcriptional arm.
GO:1905555 positive regulation of blood vessel branching
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin Wnt signaling promotes endothelial branching morphogenesis via target-gene expression; ortholog-inferred downstream vascular process.
Reason: Vessel branching is downstream of Wnt/beta-catenin endothelial transcription.
GO:1990138 neuron projection extension
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Ortholog/electronic-inferred role in axon/dendrite outgrowth, plausibly via cadherin-junction and Wnt-transcriptional inputs; a downstream neuronal phenotype.
Reason: Neurite extension downstream of adhesion/Wnt roles; non-core (electronic).
GO:1990907 beta-catenin-TCF complex
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
ACCEPT
Summary: The nuclear beta-catenin-TCF complex is the central transcriptional effector unit of canonical Wnt signaling.
Reason: Core Wnt effector complex; IDA-supported.
GO:2000008 regulation of protein localization to cell surface
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin modulates cadherin surface levels, a regulatory trafficking role secondary to its structural junction function.
Reason: Peripheral regulatory process; electronic.
GO:0060070 canonical Wnt signaling pathway
IDA
PMID:12408825
ICAT inhibits beta-catenin binding to Tcf/Lef-family transcr...
ACCEPT
Summary: The definitional core function: beta-catenin is the key downstream effector of the canonical Wnt pathway, stabilized upon Wnt to drive TCF/LEF target genes. Broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IGI).
Reason: Central, multiply-supported core function of the gene.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12408825
ICAT inhibits beta-catenin binding to Tcf/Lef-family transcription factors and the general coactivator p300 using independent structural modules.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0000122 negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
IDA
PMID:10898789
Inhibition of Wnt signaling by ICAT, a novel beta-catenin-in...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: An IDA call; beta-catenin represses certain Pol II targets in specific contexts, but this should be downgraded relative to its core activating coactivator role, not removed.
Reason: Experimental (IDA); downgrade context-specific repression, do not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:10898789
ICAT repressed the activity of the reporter gene in both cell lines in a dose-dependent manner
GO:0005634 nucleus
IDA
PMID:16936075
The Wnt/beta-catenin pathway regulates Gli-mediated Myf5 exp...
ACCEPT
Summary: Nuclear accumulation of stabilized beta-catenin is essential for its role as the canonical Wnt transcriptional effector.
Reason: Core localization; broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16936075
The Wnt/beta-catenin pathway regulates Gli-mediated Myf5 expression during somitogenesis.
GO:0045597 positive regulation of cell differentiation
NAS
PMID:24847765
From inception to output, Tcf1 and Lef1 safeguard developmen...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: NAS-supported broad pro-differentiation role reflecting beta-catenin Wnt-driven fate gene activation; a downstream, non-specific process.
Reason: Umbrella pro-differentiation downstream of Wnt transcription (NAS).
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:24847765
From inception to output, Tcf1 and Lef1 safeguard development of T cells and innate immune cells.
GO:0045944 positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
IDA
PMID:16936075
The Wnt/beta-catenin pathway regulates Gli-mediated Myf5 exp...
ACCEPT
Summary: Core function: nuclear beta-catenin is the TCF/LEF coactivator that activates Wnt-responsive Pol II target genes (recruits EP300/CREBBP, BCL9). Broadly supported.
Reason: Central coactivator function, multiply and experimentally supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16936075
The Wnt/beta-catenin pathway regulates Gli-mediated Myf5 expression during somitogenesis.
GO:0050767 regulation of neurogenesis
NAS
PMID:23377854
Physiological role of Ξ²-catenin/TCF signaling in neurons of ...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: NAS-supported broad neurogenesis regulation reflecting beta-catenin's Wnt control of neural progenitor fate/proliferation; a downstream umbrella process.
Reason: Umbrella neurogenesis regulation downstream of Wnt transcription (NAS).
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:23377854
Physiological role of Ξ²-catenin/TCF signaling in neurons of the adult brain.
GO:0060070 canonical Wnt signaling pathway
IDA
PMID:16936075
The Wnt/beta-catenin pathway regulates Gli-mediated Myf5 exp...
ACCEPT
Summary: The definitional core function: beta-catenin is the key downstream effector of the canonical Wnt pathway, stabilized upon Wnt to drive TCF/LEF target genes. Broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IGI).
Reason: Central, multiply-supported core function of the gene.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16936075
The Wnt/beta-catenin pathway regulates Gli-mediated Myf5 expression during somitogenesis.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0090090 negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway
IDA
PMID:10898789
Inhibition of Wnt signaling by ICAT, a novel beta-catenin-in...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IDA-supported feedback/auto-regulatory role (e.g. via SOX9-mediated degradation, Axin2 induction); real but a regulatory facet rather than the core effector function.
Reason: Feedback regulation of its own pathway; non-core regulatory facet.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:10898789
Inhibition of Wnt signaling by ICAT, a novel beta-catenin-interacting protein.
GO:0090575 RNA polymerase II transcription regulator complex
IPI
PMID:21075118
Biochemical and structural characterization of Ξ²-catenin int...
ACCEPT
Summary: As a TCF/LEF coactivator beta-catenin is a component of Pol II transcription regulator complexes on Wnt target promoters.
Reason: Core nuclear Wnt effector; IPI-supported complex membership.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:21075118
Biochemical and structural characterization of Ξ²-catenin interactions with nonphosphorylated and CK2-phosphorylated Lef-1.
GO:1990711 beta-catenin-ICAT complex
IPI
PMID:10898789
Inhibition of Wnt signaling by ICAT, a novel beta-catenin-in...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: ICAT (CTNNBIP1) binding sequesters beta-catenin from TCF/p300, an inhibitory complex regulating signaling rather than a core effector assembly.
Reason: Inhibitory regulatory complex; IPI but peripheral.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:10898789
Inhibition of Wnt signaling by ICAT, a novel beta-catenin-interacting protein.
GO:0005912 adherens junction
IDA
PMID:12494996
Loss of desmoglein 2 suggests essential functions for early ...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin is a defining structural component of the adherens junction, bridging E-cadherin to alpha-catenin and the actin cytoskeleton.
Reason: Core structural localization; strongly supported (IBA/IDA).
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12494996
Loss of desmoglein 2 suggests essential functions for early embryonic development and proliferation of embryonal stem cells.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0010717 regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition
ISS
GO_REF:0000024
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Generic EMT regulation reflects beta-catenin's dual junctional and Wnt-transcriptional control of epithelial plasticity; an electronic/ortholog-inferred downstream process.
Reason: Downstream EMT control via Wnt transcription and cadherin-adhesion balance; non-core.
GO:0060231 mesenchymal to epithelial transition
ISS
GO_REF:0000024
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin contributes to MET through cadherin-junction assembly and Wnt transcriptional balance; a cell-state transition (electronic) downstream of its dual role.
Reason: electronic; downstream of junction/Wnt MET role
GO:0003713 transcription coactivator activity
IDA
PMID:22723415
Wnt/Ξ²-catenin signaling regulates telomerase in stem cells a...
ACCEPT
Summary: The core molecular function: nuclear beta-catenin acts as a transcription coactivator for TCF/LEF factors, bridging EP300/CREBBP and BCL9 to Wnt target promoters. Experimentally supported.
Reason: Defining molecular-function of beta-catenin; well supported (IDA/IMP).
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:22723415
Wnt/Ξ²-catenin signaling regulates telomerase in stem cells and cancer cells.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0045944 positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
IMP
PMID:22723415
Wnt/Ξ²-catenin signaling regulates telomerase in stem cells a...
ACCEPT
Summary: Core function: nuclear beta-catenin is the TCF/LEF coactivator that activates Wnt-responsive Pol II target genes (recruits EP300/CREBBP, BCL9). Broadly supported.
Reason: Central coactivator function, multiply and experimentally supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:22723415
Wnt/Ξ²-catenin signaling regulates telomerase in stem cells and cancer cells.
GO:1990226 histone methyltransferase binding
IPI
PMID:22723415
Wnt/Ξ²-catenin signaling regulates telomerase in stem cells a...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin can recruit chromatin-modifying machinery (e.g. SET/MLL methyltransferases) to Wnt targets, a coactivator-associated but specialized interaction.
Reason: Specific partner binding; IPI, peripheral.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:22723415
Wnt/Ξ²-catenin signaling regulates telomerase in stem cells and cancer cells.
GO:0005737 cytoplasm
IDA
PMID:27375112
Antagonistic Regulation of Intercellular Cohesion by Plakoph...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin maintains a genuine cytoplasmic pool, where it is held in the destruction complex or bound to cadherin tails before junction delivery.
Reason: Genuine pool; strongly supported (IDA/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:27375112
Antagonistic Regulation of Intercellular Cohesion by Plakophilins 1 and 3.
GO:0005912 adherens junction
IDA
PMID:27375112
Antagonistic Regulation of Intercellular Cohesion by Plakoph...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin is a defining structural component of the adherens junction, bridging E-cadherin to alpha-catenin and the actin cytoskeleton.
Reason: Core structural localization; strongly supported (IBA/IDA).
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:27375112
Antagonistic Regulation of Intercellular Cohesion by Plakophilins 1 and 3.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0005634 nucleus
IDA
PMID:27015268
Plakophilin-1, a Novel Wnt Signaling Regulator, Is Critical ...
ACCEPT
Summary: Nuclear accumulation of stabilized beta-catenin is essential for its role as the canonical Wnt transcriptional effector.
Reason: Core localization; broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:27015268
Plakophilin-1, a Novel Wnt Signaling Regulator, Is Critical for Tooth Development and Ameloblast Differentiation.
GO:0005737 cytoplasm
IDA
PMID:27015268
Plakophilin-1, a Novel Wnt Signaling Regulator, Is Critical ...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin maintains a genuine cytoplasmic pool, where it is held in the destruction complex or bound to cadherin tails before junction delivery.
Reason: Genuine pool; strongly supported (IDA/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:27015268
Plakophilin-1, a Novel Wnt Signaling Regulator, Is Critical for Tooth Development and Ameloblast Differentiation.
GO:0005886 plasma membrane
IDA
PMID:27015268
Plakophilin-1, a Novel Wnt Signaling Regulator, Is Critical ...
ACCEPT
Summary: The majority of beta-catenin is at the plasma membrane within cadherin-catenin junctional complexes.
Reason: Core localization; IDA/TAS-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:27015268
Plakophilin-1, a Novel Wnt Signaling Regulator, Is Critical for Tooth Development and Ameloblast Differentiation.
GO:0042734 presynaptic membrane
IDA
PMID:8909549
The catenin/cadherin adhesion system is localized in synapti...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: A presynaptic-membrane pool reflects synaptic cadherin adhesion, secondary to core junctional localization.
Reason: Synapse-specific; IDA, non-core.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:8909549
The catenin/cadherin adhesion system is localized in synaptic junctions bordering transmitter release zones.
GO:0045211 postsynaptic membrane
IDA
PMID:8909549
The catenin/cadherin adhesion system is localized in synapti...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: A postsynaptic-membrane pool supports synaptic cadherin adhesion in neurons, a tissue-specific localization.
Reason: Synapse-specific; IDA, non-core.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:8909549
The catenin/cadherin adhesion system is localized in synaptic junctions bordering transmitter release zones.
GO:0051963 regulation of synapse assembly
IMP
PMID:28641114
A Critical Role of Presynaptic Cadherin/Catenin/p140Cap Comp...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin regulates synapse assembly via cadherin adhesion in neurons, a tissue-specific role distinct from core epithelial functions.
Reason: Neuronal process; IDA/IMP, non-core.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:28641114
A Critical Role of Presynaptic Cadherin/Catenin/p140Cap Complexes in Stabilizing Spines and Functional Synapses in the Neocortex.
GO:0051963 regulation of synapse assembly
IDA
PMID:28641114
A Critical Role of Presynaptic Cadherin/Catenin/p140Cap Comp...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin regulates synapse assembly via cadherin adhesion in neurons, a tissue-specific role distinct from core epithelial functions.
Reason: Neuronal process; IDA/IMP, non-core.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:28641114
A Critical Role of Presynaptic Cadherin/Catenin/p140Cap Complexes in Stabilizing Spines and Functional Synapses in the Neocortex.
GO:0097091 synaptic vesicle clustering
IMP
PMID:14622577
Role of beta-catenin in synaptic vesicle localization and pr...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin organizes presynaptic vesicle clustering through cadherin-junction scaffolding at synapses; a downstream adhesion-linked synaptic role.
Reason: Vesicle clustering downstream of cadherin-adhesion scaffolding role.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:14622577
Role of beta-catenin in synaptic vesicle localization and presynaptic assembly.
GO:0097091 synaptic vesicle clustering
IDA
PMID:14622577
Role of beta-catenin in synaptic vesicle localization and pr...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin organizes presynaptic vesicle clustering through cadherin-junction scaffolding at synapses; a downstream adhesion-linked synaptic role.
Reason: Vesicle clustering downstream of cadherin-adhesion scaffolding role.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:14622577
Role of beta-catenin in synaptic vesicle localization and presynaptic assembly.
GO:0098685 Schaffer collateral - CA1 synapse
IMP
PMID:14622577
Role of beta-catenin in synaptic vesicle localization and pr...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin localizes to specific hippocampal CA1 synapses where it organizes synaptic adhesion, a tissue-restricted role distinct from its core junction/Wnt functions.
Reason: Synapse-specific neuronal localization; real (IDA/IMP) but peripheral.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:14622577
Role of beta-catenin in synaptic vesicle localization and presynaptic assembly.
GO:0098685 Schaffer collateral - CA1 synapse
IDA
PMID:14622577
Role of beta-catenin in synaptic vesicle localization and pr...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin localizes to specific hippocampal CA1 synapses where it organizes synaptic adhesion, a tissue-restricted role distinct from its core junction/Wnt functions.
Reason: Synapse-specific neuronal localization; real (IDA/IMP) but peripheral.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:14622577
Role of beta-catenin in synaptic vesicle localization and presynaptic assembly.
GO:0098831 presynaptic active zone cytoplasmic component
IDA
PMID:8909549
The catenin/cadherin adhesion system is localized in synapti...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin (with Scrib) localizes to the presynaptic active zone organizing vesicle clustering, a specialized neuronal role.
Reason: Synapse-specific localization; IDA, non-core.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:8909549
The catenin/cadherin adhesion system is localized in synaptic junctions bordering transmitter release zones.
GO:0098978 glutamatergic synapse
IMP
PMID:28641114
A Critical Role of Presynaptic Cadherin/Catenin/p140Cap Comp...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin localizes to glutamatergic synapses where cadherin adhesion organizes synaptic structure, a neuron-specific role.
Reason: Synapse-specific localization; IDA/IMP, non-core.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:28641114
A Critical Role of Presynaptic Cadherin/Catenin/p140Cap Complexes in Stabilizing Spines and Functional Synapses in the Neocortex.
GO:0098978 glutamatergic synapse
IDA
PMID:28641114
A Critical Role of Presynaptic Cadherin/Catenin/p140Cap Comp...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin localizes to glutamatergic synapses where cadherin adhesion organizes synaptic structure, a neuron-specific role.
Reason: Synapse-specific localization; IDA/IMP, non-core.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:28641114
A Critical Role of Presynaptic Cadherin/Catenin/p140Cap Complexes in Stabilizing Spines and Functional Synapses in the Neocortex.
GO:0099092 postsynaptic density, intracellular component
IDA
PMID:8909549
The catenin/cadherin adhesion system is localized in synapti...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin localizes to the postsynaptic density via cadherin-based synaptic adhesion; a localization reflecting its adhesion/scaffolding role rather than Wnt signaling.
Reason: PSD localization via cadherin adhesion role; non-core component annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:8909549
The catenin/cadherin adhesion system is localized in synaptic junctions bordering transmitter release zones.
GO:0048568 embryonic organ development
IMP
PMID:30478225
TBX2 and TBX3 act downstream of canonical WNT signaling in p...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Broad embryonic-organ umbrella conveying nothing beta-catenin-specific; the many specific organ terms already capture its Wnt-driven developmental roles.
Reason: vague umbrella superseded by specific organ terms
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:30478225
TBX2 and TBX3 act downstream of canonical WNT signaling in patterning and differentiation of the mouse ureteric mesenchyme.
GO:0072497 mesenchymal stem cell differentiation
IMP
PMID:30478225
TBX2 and TBX3 act downstream of canonical WNT signaling in p...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin directs MSC lineage choice (osteo/chondro/adipo) via Wnt/TCF transcription; a stem-cell fate outcome downstream of signaling.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven MSC differentiation
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:30478225
TBX2 and TBX3 act downstream of canonical WNT signaling in patterning and differentiation of the mouse ureteric mesenchyme.
GO:0003713 transcription coactivator activity
IDA
PMID:15905404
Functional interaction between beta-catenin and FOXO in oxid...
ACCEPT
Summary: The core molecular function: nuclear beta-catenin acts as a transcription coactivator for TCF/LEF factors, bridging EP300/CREBBP and BCL9 to Wnt target promoters. Experimentally supported.
Reason: Defining molecular-function of beta-catenin; well supported (IDA/IMP).
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15905404
Functional interaction between beta-catenin and FOXO in oxidative stress signaling.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0036520 astrocyte-dopaminergic neuron signaling
IMP
PMID:21752258
A Wnt1 regulated Frizzled-1/Ξ²-Catenin signaling pathway as a...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin contributes to astrocyte-dopaminergic neuron crosstalk supporting midbrain DA neurogenesis; a niche-signaling outcome downstream of Wnt transcription.
Reason: downstream Wnt role in DA neuron niche signaling
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:21752258
A Wnt1 regulated Frizzled-1/Ξ²-Catenin signaling pathway as a candidate regulatory circuit controlling mesencephalic dopaminergic neuron-astrocyte crosstalk: Therapeutical relevance for neuron survival and neuroprotection.
GO:0060070 canonical Wnt signaling pathway
IMP
PMID:19122665
Wnt antagonism of Shh facilitates midbrain floor plate neuro...
ACCEPT
Summary: The definitional core function: beta-catenin is the key downstream effector of the canonical Wnt pathway, stabilized upon Wnt to drive TCF/LEF target genes. Broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IGI).
Reason: Central, multiply-supported core function of the gene.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19122665
Wnt antagonism of Shh facilitates midbrain floor plate neurogenesis.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0060070 canonical Wnt signaling pathway
IMP
PMID:21752258
A Wnt1 regulated Frizzled-1/Ξ²-Catenin signaling pathway as a...
ACCEPT
Summary: The definitional core function: beta-catenin is the key downstream effector of the canonical Wnt pathway, stabilized upon Wnt to drive TCF/LEF target genes. Broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IGI).
Reason: Central, multiply-supported core function of the gene.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:21752258
A Wnt1 regulated Frizzled-1/Ξ²-Catenin signaling pathway as a candidate regulatory circuit controlling mesencephalic dopaminergic neuron-astrocyte crosstalk: Therapeutical relevance for neuron survival and neuroprotection.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0060070 canonical Wnt signaling pathway
IMP
PMID:22723415
Wnt/Ξ²-catenin signaling regulates telomerase in stem cells a...
ACCEPT
Summary: The definitional core function: beta-catenin is the key downstream effector of the canonical Wnt pathway, stabilized upon Wnt to drive TCF/LEF target genes. Broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IGI).
Reason: Central, multiply-supported core function of the gene.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:22723415
Wnt/Ξ²-catenin signaling regulates telomerase in stem cells and cancer cells.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0003151 outflow tract morphogenesis
IMP
PMID:12464179
Identification of a Wnt/Dvl/beta-Catenin --> Pitx2 pathway m...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin Wnt signaling in second-heart-field/neural-crest shapes the cardiac outflow tract; a downstream cardiac-morphogenesis phenotype.
Reason: Outflow tract morphogenesis downstream of Wnt/beta-catenin transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12464179
Identification of a Wnt/Dvl/beta-Catenin --> Pitx2 pathway mediating cell-type-specific proliferation during development.
GO:0008284 positive regulation of cell population proliferation
IMP
PMID:12464179
Identification of a Wnt/Dvl/beta-Catenin --> Pitx2 pathway m...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin drives proliferation via Wnt mitogenic targets (Myc, cyclin D1); a key but downstream consequence of its transcriptional coactivation.
Reason: Proliferation downstream of Wnt target genes Myc/CcnD1; non-core.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12464179
Identification of a Wnt/Dvl/beta-Catenin --> Pitx2 pathway mediating cell-type-specific proliferation during development.
GO:1901331 positive regulation of odontoblast differentiation
IMP
PMID:29148101
Homeobox protein MSX-1 inhibits expression of bone morphogen...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin promotes odontoblast differentiation via Wnt-target transcription in dental mesenchyme; a downstream lineage phenotype.
Reason: Odontoblast differentiation downstream of Wnt transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:29148101
Homeobox protein MSX-1 inhibits expression of bone morphogenetic protein 2, bone morphogenetic protein 4, and lymphoid enhancer-binding factor 1 via Wnt/Ξ²-catenin signaling to prevent differentiation of dental mesenchymal cells during the late bell stage.
GO:1903377 negative regulation of oxidative stress-induced neuron intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway
IMP
PMID:21752258
A Wnt1 regulated Frizzled-1/Ξ²-Catenin signaling pathway as a...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin attenuates oxidative-stress-triggered neuronal intrinsic apoptosis, likely through Wnt survival-gene output; a specific stress-protection phenotype.
Reason: Stress-specific neuroprotection downstream of Wnt transcription; non-core.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:21752258
A Wnt1 regulated Frizzled-1/Ξ²-Catenin signaling pathway as a candidate regulatory circuit controlling mesencephalic dopaminergic neuron-astrocyte crosstalk: Therapeutical relevance for neuron survival and neuroprotection.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:32533114
ADNP promotes neural differentiation by modulating Wnt/Ξ²-cat...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:32533114
ADNP promotes neural differentiation by modulating Wnt/Ξ²-catenin signaling.
GO:0003682 chromatin binding
IDA
PMID:16678101
Homeodomain-mediated beta-catenin-dependent switching events...
ACCEPT
Summary: In the nucleus beta-catenin associates with chromatin at Wnt target genes as part of TCF/LEF transcription complexes.
Reason: Core nuclear Wnt role; IDA/IGI-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16678101
Homeodomain-mediated beta-catenin-dependent switching events dictate cell-lineage determination.
GO:0003682 chromatin binding
IDA
PMID:16818445
Wnt9a signaling is required for joint integrity and regulati...
ACCEPT
Summary: In the nucleus beta-catenin associates with chromatin at Wnt target genes as part of TCF/LEF transcription complexes.
Reason: Core nuclear Wnt role; IDA/IGI-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16818445
Wnt9a signaling is required for joint integrity and regulation of Ihh during chondrogenesis.
GO:0003682 chromatin binding
IDA
PMID:17767158
Modulation of morphogenesis by noncanonical Wnt signaling re...
ACCEPT
Summary: In the nucleus beta-catenin associates with chromatin at Wnt target genes as part of TCF/LEF transcription complexes.
Reason: Core nuclear Wnt role; IDA/IGI-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:17767158
Modulation of morphogenesis by noncanonical Wnt signaling requires ATF/CREB family-mediated transcriptional activation of TGFbeta2.
GO:0003682 chromatin binding
IDA
PMID:19619491
Reciprocal requirements for EDA/EDAR/NF-kappaB and Wnt/beta-...
ACCEPT
Summary: In the nucleus beta-catenin associates with chromatin at Wnt target genes as part of TCF/LEF transcription complexes.
Reason: Core nuclear Wnt role; IDA/IGI-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19619491
Reciprocal requirements for EDA/EDAR/NF-kappaB and Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathways in hair follicle induction.
GO:0003682 chromatin binding
IDA
PMID:19620969
A regulatory pathway involving Notch1/beta-catenin/Isl1 dete...
ACCEPT
Summary: In the nucleus beta-catenin associates with chromatin at Wnt target genes as part of TCF/LEF transcription complexes.
Reason: Core nuclear Wnt role; IDA/IGI-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19620969
A regulatory pathway involving Notch1/beta-catenin/Isl1 determines cardiac progenitor cell fate.
GO:0003682 chromatin binding
IDA
PMID:19690384
Wnt signaling regulates smooth muscle precursor development ...
ACCEPT
Summary: In the nucleus beta-catenin associates with chromatin at Wnt target genes as part of TCF/LEF transcription complexes.
Reason: Core nuclear Wnt role; IDA/IGI-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19690384
Wnt signaling regulates smooth muscle precursor development in the mouse lung via a tenascin C/PDGFR pathway.
GO:0003682 chromatin binding
IDA
PMID:20159597
Characterization and in vivo pharmacological rescue of a Wnt...
ACCEPT
Summary: In the nucleus beta-catenin associates with chromatin at Wnt target genes as part of TCF/LEF transcription complexes.
Reason: Core nuclear Wnt role; IDA/IGI-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:20159597
Characterization and in vivo pharmacological rescue of a Wnt2-Gata6 pathway required for cardiac inflow tract development.
GO:0003682 chromatin binding
IDA
PMID:21350016
Canonical Wnt9b signaling balances progenitor cell expansion...
ACCEPT
Summary: In the nucleus beta-catenin associates with chromatin at Wnt target genes as part of TCF/LEF transcription complexes.
Reason: Core nuclear Wnt role; IDA/IGI-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:21350016
Canonical Wnt9b signaling balances progenitor cell expansion and differentiation during kidney development.
GO:0003682 chromatin binding
IDA
PMID:21512031
Hippo pathway inhibits Wnt signaling to restrain cardiomyocy...
ACCEPT
Summary: In the nucleus beta-catenin associates with chromatin at Wnt target genes as part of TCF/LEF transcription complexes.
Reason: Core nuclear Wnt role; IDA/IGI-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:21512031
Hippo pathway inhibits Wnt signaling to restrain cardiomyocyte proliferation and heart size.
GO:0003682 chromatin binding
IGI
PMID:23824574
Wnt/Ξ²-catenin signalling regulates Sox17 expression and is e...
ACCEPT
Summary: In the nucleus beta-catenin associates with chromatin at Wnt target genes as part of TCF/LEF transcription complexes.
Reason: Core nuclear Wnt role; IDA/IGI-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:23824574
Wnt/Ξ²-catenin signalling regulates Sox17 expression and is essential for organizer and endoderm formation in the mouse.
GO:0003713 transcription coactivator activity
IDA
PMID:12235125
Beta-catenin-induced melanoma growth requires the downstream...
ACCEPT
Summary: The core molecular function: nuclear beta-catenin acts as a transcription coactivator for TCF/LEF factors, bridging EP300/CREBBP and BCL9 to Wnt target promoters. Experimentally supported.
Reason: Defining molecular-function of beta-catenin; well supported (IDA/IMP).
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12235125
Beta-catenin-induced melanoma growth requires the downstream target Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0003713 transcription coactivator activity
IDA
PMID:12464179
Identification of a Wnt/Dvl/beta-Catenin --> Pitx2 pathway m...
ACCEPT
Summary: The core molecular function: nuclear beta-catenin acts as a transcription coactivator for TCF/LEF factors, bridging EP300/CREBBP and BCL9 to Wnt target promoters. Experimentally supported.
Reason: Defining molecular-function of beta-catenin; well supported (IDA/IMP).
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12464179
Identification of a Wnt/Dvl/beta-Catenin --> Pitx2 pathway mediating cell-type-specific proliferation during development.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0003713 transcription coactivator activity
IDA
PMID:16678101
Homeodomain-mediated beta-catenin-dependent switching events...
ACCEPT
Summary: The core molecular function: nuclear beta-catenin acts as a transcription coactivator for TCF/LEF factors, bridging EP300/CREBBP and BCL9 to Wnt target promoters. Experimentally supported.
Reason: Defining molecular-function of beta-catenin; well supported (IDA/IMP).
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16678101
Homeodomain-mediated beta-catenin-dependent switching events dictate cell-lineage determination.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0003713 transcription coactivator activity
IDA
PMID:19056892
A functional link between Wnt signaling and SKP2-independent...
ACCEPT
Summary: The core molecular function: nuclear beta-catenin acts as a transcription coactivator for TCF/LEF factors, bridging EP300/CREBBP and BCL9 to Wnt target promoters. Experimentally supported.
Reason: Defining molecular-function of beta-catenin; well supported (IDA/IMP).
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19056892
A functional link between Wnt signaling and SKP2-independent p27 turnover in mammary tumors.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0003713 transcription coactivator activity
IMP
PMID:19619491
Reciprocal requirements for EDA/EDAR/NF-kappaB and Wnt/beta-...
ACCEPT
Summary: The core molecular function: nuclear beta-catenin acts as a transcription coactivator for TCF/LEF factors, bridging EP300/CREBBP and BCL9 to Wnt target promoters. Experimentally supported.
Reason: Defining molecular-function of beta-catenin; well supported (IDA/IMP).
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19619491
Reciprocal requirements for EDA/EDAR/NF-kappaB and Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathways in hair follicle induction.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:10318824
Functional domains of axin. Importance of the C terminus as ...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:10318824
Functional domains of axin. Importance of the C terminus as an oligomerization domain.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:11104755
Substitution of a glycogen synthase kinase-3beta phosphoryla...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:11104755
Substitution of a glycogen synthase kinase-3beta phosphorylation site in presenilin 1 separates presenilin function from beta-catenin signaling.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:12432063
Protein kinase CKII regulates the interaction of beta-cateni...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12432063
Protein kinase CKII regulates the interaction of beta-catenin with alpha-catenin and its protein stability.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:12695331
NF2 deficiency promotes tumorigenesis and metastasis by dest...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12695331
NF2 deficiency promotes tumorigenesis and metastasis by destabilizing adherens junctions.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:12861022
T-cell factor 4N (TCF-4N), a novel isoform of mouse TCF-4, s...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12861022
T-cell factor 4N (TCF-4N), a novel isoform of mouse TCF-4, synergizes with beta-catenin to coactivate C/EBPalpha and steroidogenic factor 1 transcription factors.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:14647292
Mammalian formin-1 participates in adherens junctions and po...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:14647292
Mammalian formin-1 participates in adherens junctions and polymerization of linear actin cables.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:14960280
Ozz-E3, a muscle-specific ubiquitin ligase, regulates beta-c...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:14960280
Ozz-E3, a muscle-specific ubiquitin ligase, regulates beta-catenin degradation during myogenesis.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:15574752
Role of a BCL9-related beta-catenin-binding protein, B9L, in...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15574752
Role of a BCL9-related beta-catenin-binding protein, B9L, in tumorigenesis induced by aberrant activation of Wnt signaling.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:15781477
Sox2 induction by FGF and FGFR2 activating mutations inhibit...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15781477
Sox2 induction by FGF and FGFR2 activating mutations inhibits Wnt signaling and osteoblast differentiation.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:15834408
The KIF3 motor transports N-cadherin and organizes the devel...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15834408
The KIF3 motor transports N-cadherin and organizes the developing neuroepithelium.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:16368433
Deficient E-cadherin adhesion in C57BL/6J-Min/+ mice is asso...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16368433
Deficient E-cadherin adhesion in C57BL/6J-Min/+ mice is associated with increased tyrosine kinase activity and RhoA-dependent actomyosin contractility.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:17535849
A unique and specific interaction between alphaT-catenin and...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:17535849
A unique and specific interaction between alphaT-catenin and plakophilin-2 in the area composita, the mixed-type junctional structure of cardiac intercalated discs.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:18202148
Cooperative control via lymphoid enhancer factor 1/T cell fa...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:18202148
Cooperative control via lymphoid enhancer factor 1/T cell factor 3 and estrogen receptor-alpha for uterine gene regulation by estrogen.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:18632848
SUMOylation target sites at the C terminus protect Axin from...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:18632848
SUMOylation target sites at the C terminus protect Axin from ubiquitination and confer protein stability.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:19503085
HDAC1 and HDAC2 regulate oligodendrocyte differentiation by ...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19503085
HDAC1 and HDAC2 regulate oligodendrocyte differentiation by disrupting the beta-catenin-TCF interaction.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:19725955
Arginine methyltransferase CARM1/PRMT4 regulates endochondra...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19725955
Arginine methyltransferase CARM1/PRMT4 regulates endochondral ossification.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:21512031
Hippo pathway inhibits Wnt signaling to restrain cardiomyocy...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:21512031
Hippo pathway inhibits Wnt signaling to restrain cardiomyocyte proliferation and heart size.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:22665494
mrhl RNA, a long noncoding RNA, negatively regulates Wnt sig...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:22665494
mrhl RNA, a long noncoding RNA, negatively regulates Wnt signaling through its protein partner Ddx5/p68 in mouse spermatogonial cells.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:26787558
SPECC1L deficiency results in increased adherens junction st...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:26787558
SPECC1L deficiency results in increased adherens junction stability and reduced cranial neural crest cell delamination.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:30659184
Hematopoietic PBX-interacting protein mediates cartilage deg...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:30659184
Hematopoietic PBX-interacting protein mediates cartilage degeneration during the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:8555428
Immunotoxicologic effects of ethylene dibromide in the mouse...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:8555428
Immunotoxicologic effects of ethylene dibromide in the mouse and their modulation by the estrous cycle.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:9488439
Two members of the Tcf family implicated in Wnt/beta-catenin...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:9488439
Two members of the Tcf family implicated in Wnt/beta-catenin signaling during embryogenesis in the mouse.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:9554852
Functional interaction of an axin homolog, conductin, with b...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:9554852
Functional interaction of an axin homolog, conductin, with beta-catenin, APC, and GSK3beta.
GO:0005634 nucleus
IPI
PMID:30659184
Hematopoietic PBX-interacting protein mediates cartilage deg...
ACCEPT
Summary: Nuclear accumulation of stabilized beta-catenin is essential for its role as the canonical Wnt transcriptional effector.
Reason: Core localization; broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:30659184
Hematopoietic PBX-interacting protein mediates cartilage degeneration during the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis.
GO:0005634 nucleus
IDA
PMID:11731231
Dynamic expression and nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin ...
ACCEPT
Summary: Nuclear accumulation of stabilized beta-catenin is essential for its role as the canonical Wnt transcriptional effector.
Reason: Core localization; broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:11731231
Dynamic expression and nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin during the development of hair follicle-derived structures.
GO:0005634 nucleus
IDA
PMID:11731265
Expression of Tcf/Lef and sFrp and localization of beta-cate...
ACCEPT
Summary: Nuclear accumulation of stabilized beta-catenin is essential for its role as the canonical Wnt transcriptional effector.
Reason: Core localization; broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:11731265
Expression of Tcf/Lef and sFrp and localization of beta-catenin in the developing mouse lung.
GO:0005634 nucleus
IDA
PMID:11872843
Colorectal cancer in mice genetically deficient in the mucin...
ACCEPT
Summary: Nuclear accumulation of stabilized beta-catenin is essential for its role as the canonical Wnt transcriptional effector.
Reason: Core localization; broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:11872843
Colorectal cancer in mice genetically deficient in the mucin Muc2.
GO:0005634 nucleus
IDA
PMID:12874278
The PDZ protein tax-interacting protein-1 inhibits beta-cate...
ACCEPT
Summary: Nuclear accumulation of stabilized beta-catenin is essential for its role as the canonical Wnt transcriptional effector.
Reason: Core localization; broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12874278
The PDZ protein tax-interacting protein-1 inhibits beta-catenin transcriptional activity and growth of colorectal cancer cells.
GO:0005634 nucleus
IDA
PMID:12885771
beta-Catenin is required for specification of proximal/dista...
ACCEPT
Summary: Nuclear accumulation of stabilized beta-catenin is essential for its role as the canonical Wnt transcriptional effector.
Reason: Core localization; broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12885771
beta-Catenin is required for specification of proximal/distal cell fate during lung morphogenesis.
GO:0005634 nucleus
IDA
PMID:12923052
Genetic interaction between Wnt/beta-catenin and BMP recepto...
ACCEPT
Summary: Nuclear accumulation of stabilized beta-catenin is essential for its role as the canonical Wnt transcriptional effector.
Reason: Core localization; broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12923052
Genetic interaction between Wnt/beta-catenin and BMP receptor signaling during formation of the AER and the dorsal-ventral axis in the limb.
GO:0005634 nucleus
IDA
PMID:15371327
Wnt/beta-catenin signaling is sufficient and necessary for s...
ACCEPT
Summary: Nuclear accumulation of stabilized beta-catenin is essential for its role as the canonical Wnt transcriptional effector.
Reason: Core localization; broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15371327
Wnt/beta-catenin signaling is sufficient and necessary for synovial joint formation.
GO:0005634 nucleus
IDA
PMID:15574752
Role of a BCL9-related beta-catenin-binding protein, B9L, in...
ACCEPT
Summary: Nuclear accumulation of stabilized beta-catenin is essential for its role as the canonical Wnt transcriptional effector.
Reason: Core localization; broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15574752
Role of a BCL9-related beta-catenin-binding protein, B9L, in tumorigenesis induced by aberrant activation of Wnt signaling.
GO:0005634 nucleus
IDA
PMID:15778706
Wnt signalling induces maturation of Paneth cells in intesti...
ACCEPT
Summary: Nuclear accumulation of stabilized beta-catenin is essential for its role as the canonical Wnt transcriptional effector.
Reason: Core localization; broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15778706
Wnt signalling induces maturation of Paneth cells in intestinal crypts.
GO:0005634 nucleus
IDA
PMID:15866163
Canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling prevents osteoblasts fr...
ACCEPT
Summary: Nuclear accumulation of stabilized beta-catenin is essential for its role as the canonical Wnt transcriptional effector.
Reason: Core localization; broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15866163
Canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling prevents osteoblasts from differentiating into chondrocytes.
GO:0005634 nucleus
IDA
PMID:15866165
Canonical Wnt signaling in differentiated osteoblasts contro...
ACCEPT
Summary: Nuclear accumulation of stabilized beta-catenin is essential for its role as the canonical Wnt transcriptional effector.
Reason: Core localization; broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15866165
Canonical Wnt signaling in differentiated osteoblasts controls osteoclast differentiation.
GO:0005634 nucleus
IDA
PMID:16439479
Foxf1 and Foxf2 control murine gut development by limiting m...
ACCEPT
Summary: Nuclear accumulation of stabilized beta-catenin is essential for its role as the canonical Wnt transcriptional effector.
Reason: Core localization; broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16439479
Foxf1 and Foxf2 control murine gut development by limiting mesenchymal Wnt signaling and promoting extracellular matrix production.
GO:0005634 nucleus
IDA
PMID:16489008
Patched1 functions as a gatekeeper by promoting cell cycle p...
ACCEPT
Summary: Nuclear accumulation of stabilized beta-catenin is essential for its role as the canonical Wnt transcriptional effector.
Reason: Core localization; broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16489008
Patched1 functions as a gatekeeper by promoting cell cycle progression.
GO:0005634 nucleus
IDA
PMID:16678815
Lef1 is required for the transition of Wnt signaling from me...
ACCEPT
Summary: Nuclear accumulation of stabilized beta-catenin is essential for its role as the canonical Wnt transcriptional effector.
Reason: Core localization; broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16678815
Lef1 is required for the transition of Wnt signaling from mesenchymal to epithelial cells in the mouse embryonic mammary gland.
GO:0005634 nucleus
IDA
PMID:16858399
C3G regulates the size of the cerebral cortex neural precurs...
ACCEPT
Summary: Nuclear accumulation of stabilized beta-catenin is essential for its role as the canonical Wnt transcriptional effector.
Reason: Core localization; broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16858399
C3G regulates the size of the cerebral cortex neural precursor population.
GO:0005634 nucleus
IDA
PMID:16989802
Levels of mesenchymal FGFR2 signaling modulate smooth muscle...
ACCEPT
Summary: Nuclear accumulation of stabilized beta-catenin is essential for its role as the canonical Wnt transcriptional effector.
Reason: Core localization; broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16989802
Levels of mesenchymal FGFR2 signaling modulate smooth muscle progenitor cell commitment in the lung.
GO:0005634 nucleus
IDA
PMID:17128274
Wnt-beta-catenin signaling initiates taste papilla developme...
ACCEPT
Summary: Nuclear accumulation of stabilized beta-catenin is essential for its role as the canonical Wnt transcriptional effector.
Reason: Core localization; broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:17128274
Wnt-beta-catenin signaling initiates taste papilla development.
GO:0005634 nucleus
IDA
PMID:17560563
Fgf10 dosage is critical for the amplification of epithelial...
ACCEPT
Summary: Nuclear accumulation of stabilized beta-catenin is essential for its role as the canonical Wnt transcriptional effector.
Reason: Core localization; broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:17560563
Fgf10 dosage is critical for the amplification of epithelial cell progenitors and for the formation of multiple mesenchymal lineages during lung development.
GO:0005634 nucleus
IDA
PMID:17596282
Unique mechanisms of growth regulation and tumor suppression...
ACCEPT
Summary: Nuclear accumulation of stabilized beta-catenin is essential for its role as the canonical Wnt transcriptional effector.
Reason: Core localization; broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:17596282
Unique mechanisms of growth regulation and tumor suppression upon Apc inactivation in the pancreas.
GO:0005634 nucleus
IDA
PMID:17615359
Regulation of spontaneous intestinal tumorigenesis through t...
ACCEPT
Summary: Nuclear accumulation of stabilized beta-catenin is essential for its role as the canonical Wnt transcriptional effector.
Reason: Core localization; broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:17615359
Regulation of spontaneous intestinal tumorigenesis through the adaptor protein MyD88.
GO:0005634 nucleus
IDA
PMID:18978355
Overexpression of TEAD-1 in transgenic mouse striated muscle...
ACCEPT
Summary: Nuclear accumulation of stabilized beta-catenin is essential for its role as the canonical Wnt transcriptional effector.
Reason: Core localization; broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:18978355
Overexpression of TEAD-1 in transgenic mouse striated muscles produces a slower skeletal muscle contractile phenotype.
GO:0005634 nucleus
IDA
PMID:19213727
Wnt11 promotes osteoblast maturation and mineralization thro...
ACCEPT
Summary: Nuclear accumulation of stabilized beta-catenin is essential for its role as the canonical Wnt transcriptional effector.
Reason: Core localization; broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19213727
Wnt11 promotes osteoblast maturation and mineralization through R-spondin 2.
GO:0005634 nucleus
IDA
PMID:19497282
Wnt7a activates the planar cell polarity pathway to drive th...
ACCEPT
Summary: Nuclear accumulation of stabilized beta-catenin is essential for its role as the canonical Wnt transcriptional effector.
Reason: Core localization; broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19497282
Wnt7a activates the planar cell polarity pathway to drive the symmetric expansion of satellite stem cells.
GO:0005634 nucleus
IDA
PMID:19796622
Uncovering early response of gene regulatory networks in ESC...
ACCEPT
Summary: Nuclear accumulation of stabilized beta-catenin is essential for its role as the canonical Wnt transcriptional effector.
Reason: Core localization; broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19796622
Uncovering early response of gene regulatory networks in ESCs by systematic induction of transcription factors.
GO:0005634 nucleus
IDA
PMID:19850029
A critical role for sFRP proteins in maintaining caudal neur...
ACCEPT
Summary: Nuclear accumulation of stabilized beta-catenin is essential for its role as the canonical Wnt transcriptional effector.
Reason: Core localization; broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19850029
A critical role for sFRP proteins in maintaining caudal neural tube closure in mice via inhibition of BMP signaling.
GO:0005634 nucleus
IDA
PMID:21991325
RSPO1/Ξ²-catenin signaling pathway regulates oogonia differen...
ACCEPT
Summary: Nuclear accumulation of stabilized beta-catenin is essential for its role as the canonical Wnt transcriptional effector.
Reason: Core localization; broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:21991325
RSPO1/Ξ²-catenin signaling pathway regulates oogonia differentiation and entry into meiosis in the mouse fetal ovary.
GO:0005634 nucleus
IDA
PMID:22665494
mrhl RNA, a long noncoding RNA, negatively regulates Wnt sig...
ACCEPT
Summary: Nuclear accumulation of stabilized beta-catenin is essential for its role as the canonical Wnt transcriptional effector.
Reason: Core localization; broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:22665494
mrhl RNA, a long noncoding RNA, negatively regulates Wnt signaling through its protein partner Ddx5/p68 in mouse spermatogonial cells.
GO:0005634 nucleus
IDA
PMID:23266329
Kruppel-like factor 5 controls villus formation and initiati...
ACCEPT
Summary: Nuclear accumulation of stabilized beta-catenin is essential for its role as the canonical Wnt transcriptional effector.
Reason: Core localization; broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:23266329
Kruppel-like factor 5 controls villus formation and initiation of cytodifferentiation in the embryonic intestinal epithelium.
GO:0005634 nucleus
IDA
PMID:23610556
A positive feedback loop involving Gcm1 and Fzd5 directs cho...
ACCEPT
Summary: Nuclear accumulation of stabilized beta-catenin is essential for its role as the canonical Wnt transcriptional effector.
Reason: Core localization; broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:23610556
A positive feedback loop involving Gcm1 and Fzd5 directs chorionic branching morphogenesis in the placenta.
GO:0005634 nucleus
IDA
PMID:23740243
Activation of the transcription factor GLI1 by WNT signaling...
ACCEPT
Summary: Nuclear accumulation of stabilized beta-catenin is essential for its role as the canonical Wnt transcriptional effector.
Reason: Core localization; broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:23740243
Activation of the transcription factor GLI1 by WNT signaling underlies the role of SULFATASE 2 as a regulator of tissue regeneration.
GO:0005634 nucleus
IDA
PMID:25535395
Notch inhibition induces mitotically generated hair cells in...
ACCEPT
Summary: Nuclear accumulation of stabilized beta-catenin is essential for its role as the canonical Wnt transcriptional effector.
Reason: Core localization; broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:25535395
Notch inhibition induces mitotically generated hair cells in mammalian cochleae via activating the Wnt pathway.
GO:0005634 nucleus
IDA
PMID:30659184
Hematopoietic PBX-interacting protein mediates cartilage deg...
ACCEPT
Summary: Nuclear accumulation of stabilized beta-catenin is essential for its role as the canonical Wnt transcriptional effector.
Reason: Core localization; broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:30659184
Hematopoietic PBX-interacting protein mediates cartilage degeneration during the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis.
GO:0005634 nucleus
IDA
PMID:31222549
The Shisa3 knockout mouse exhibits normal bone phenotype.
ACCEPT
Summary: Nuclear accumulation of stabilized beta-catenin is essential for its role as the canonical Wnt transcriptional effector.
Reason: Core localization; broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:31222549
The Shisa3 knockout mouse exhibits normal bone phenotype.
GO:0005667 transcription regulator complex
IDA
PMID:12464179
Identification of a Wnt/Dvl/beta-Catenin --> Pitx2 pathway m...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin is a component of transcription regulator complexes (with TCF/LEF and coactivators) that drive Wnt target gene expression.
Reason: Core nuclear Wnt effector complex; IDA-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12464179
Identification of a Wnt/Dvl/beta-Catenin --> Pitx2 pathway mediating cell-type-specific proliferation during development.
GO:0005667 transcription regulator complex
IDA
PMID:12861022
T-cell factor 4N (TCF-4N), a novel isoform of mouse TCF-4, s...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin is a component of transcription regulator complexes (with TCF/LEF and coactivators) that drive Wnt target gene expression.
Reason: Core nuclear Wnt effector complex; IDA-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12861022
T-cell factor 4N (TCF-4N), a novel isoform of mouse TCF-4, synergizes with beta-catenin to coactivate C/EBPalpha and steroidogenic factor 1 transcription factors.
GO:0005667 transcription regulator complex
IDA
PMID:16678101
Homeodomain-mediated beta-catenin-dependent switching events...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin is a component of transcription regulator complexes (with TCF/LEF and coactivators) that drive Wnt target gene expression.
Reason: Core nuclear Wnt effector complex; IDA-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16678101
Homeodomain-mediated beta-catenin-dependent switching events dictate cell-lineage determination.
GO:0005737 cytoplasm
IPI
PMID:30659184
Hematopoietic PBX-interacting protein mediates cartilage deg...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin maintains a genuine cytoplasmic pool, where it is held in the destruction complex or bound to cadherin tails before junction delivery.
Reason: Genuine pool; strongly supported (IDA/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:30659184
Hematopoietic PBX-interacting protein mediates cartilage degeneration during the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis.
GO:0005737 cytoplasm
IDA
PMID:11731231
Dynamic expression and nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin ...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin maintains a genuine cytoplasmic pool, where it is held in the destruction complex or bound to cadherin tails before junction delivery.
Reason: Genuine pool; strongly supported (IDA/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:11731231
Dynamic expression and nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin during the development of hair follicle-derived structures.
GO:0005737 cytoplasm
IDA
PMID:11731265
Expression of Tcf/Lef and sFrp and localization of beta-cate...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin maintains a genuine cytoplasmic pool, where it is held in the destruction complex or bound to cadherin tails before junction delivery.
Reason: Genuine pool; strongly supported (IDA/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:11731265
Expression of Tcf/Lef and sFrp and localization of beta-catenin in the developing mouse lung.
GO:0005737 cytoplasm
IDA
PMID:12235125
Beta-catenin-induced melanoma growth requires the downstream...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin maintains a genuine cytoplasmic pool, where it is held in the destruction complex or bound to cadherin tails before junction delivery.
Reason: Genuine pool; strongly supported (IDA/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12235125
Beta-catenin-induced melanoma growth requires the downstream target Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor.
GO:0005737 cytoplasm
IDA
PMID:12923052
Genetic interaction between Wnt/beta-catenin and BMP recepto...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin maintains a genuine cytoplasmic pool, where it is held in the destruction complex or bound to cadherin tails before junction delivery.
Reason: Genuine pool; strongly supported (IDA/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12923052
Genetic interaction between Wnt/beta-catenin and BMP receptor signaling during formation of the AER and the dorsal-ventral axis in the limb.
GO:0005737 cytoplasm
IDA
PMID:14981260
Nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling of Axin regulates subcellular ...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin maintains a genuine cytoplasmic pool, where it is held in the destruction complex or bound to cadherin tails before junction delivery.
Reason: Genuine pool; strongly supported (IDA/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:14981260
Nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling of Axin regulates subcellular localization of beta-catenin.
GO:0005737 cytoplasm
IDA
PMID:15525667
Stabilization of beta-catenin in the mouse zygote leads to p...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin maintains a genuine cytoplasmic pool, where it is held in the destruction complex or bound to cadherin tails before junction delivery.
Reason: Genuine pool; strongly supported (IDA/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15525667
Stabilization of beta-catenin in the mouse zygote leads to premature epithelial-mesenchymal transition in the epiblast.
GO:0005737 cytoplasm
IDA
PMID:15574752
Role of a BCL9-related beta-catenin-binding protein, B9L, in...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin maintains a genuine cytoplasmic pool, where it is held in the destruction complex or bound to cadherin tails before junction delivery.
Reason: Genuine pool; strongly supported (IDA/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15574752
Role of a BCL9-related beta-catenin-binding protein, B9L, in tumorigenesis induced by aberrant activation of Wnt signaling.
GO:0005737 cytoplasm
IDA
PMID:16489008
Patched1 functions as a gatekeeper by promoting cell cycle p...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin maintains a genuine cytoplasmic pool, where it is held in the destruction complex or bound to cadherin tails before junction delivery.
Reason: Genuine pool; strongly supported (IDA/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16489008
Patched1 functions as a gatekeeper by promoting cell cycle progression.
GO:0005737 cytoplasm
IDA
PMID:17128274
Wnt-beta-catenin signaling initiates taste papilla developme...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin maintains a genuine cytoplasmic pool, where it is held in the destruction complex or bound to cadherin tails before junction delivery.
Reason: Genuine pool; strongly supported (IDA/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:17128274
Wnt-beta-catenin signaling initiates taste papilla development.
GO:0005737 cytoplasm
IDA
PMID:19213727
Wnt11 promotes osteoblast maturation and mineralization thro...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin maintains a genuine cytoplasmic pool, where it is held in the destruction complex or bound to cadherin tails before junction delivery.
Reason: Genuine pool; strongly supported (IDA/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19213727
Wnt11 promotes osteoblast maturation and mineralization through R-spondin 2.
GO:0005737 cytoplasm
IDA
PMID:30659184
Hematopoietic PBX-interacting protein mediates cartilage deg...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin maintains a genuine cytoplasmic pool, where it is held in the destruction complex or bound to cadherin tails before junction delivery.
Reason: Genuine pool; strongly supported (IDA/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:30659184
Hematopoietic PBX-interacting protein mediates cartilage degeneration during the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis.
GO:0005829 cytosol
IDA
PMID:12055200
Regulation of Wnt signaling during adipogenesis.
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin has a cytosolic pool subject to destruction-complex regulation and Wnt-dependent stabilization.
Reason: Genuine pool; IDA/TAS-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12055200
Regulation of Wnt signaling during adipogenesis.
GO:0005829 cytosol
IDA
PMID:15673614
Wnt10b deficiency promotes coexpression of myogenic and adip...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin has a cytosolic pool subject to destruction-complex regulation and Wnt-dependent stabilization.
Reason: Genuine pool; IDA/TAS-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15673614
Wnt10b deficiency promotes coexpression of myogenic and adipogenic programs in myoblasts.
GO:0005886 plasma membrane
IDA
PMID:12040017
Mouse mammary epithelial cells express the Na-K-Cl cotranspo...
ACCEPT
Summary: The majority of beta-catenin is at the plasma membrane within cadherin-catenin junctional complexes.
Reason: Core localization; IDA/TAS-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12040017
Mouse mammary epithelial cells express the Na-K-Cl cotransporter, NKCC1: characterization, localization, and involvement in ductal development and morphogenesis.
GO:0005886 plasma membrane
IDA
PMID:16418220
Desmocollin 3 is required for pre-implantation development o...
ACCEPT
Summary: The majority of beta-catenin is at the plasma membrane within cadherin-catenin junctional complexes.
Reason: Core localization; IDA/TAS-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16418220
Desmocollin 3 is required for pre-implantation development of the mouse embryo.
GO:0005886 plasma membrane
IDA
PMID:16740478
Apc tumor suppressor gene is the "zonation-keeper" of mouse ...
ACCEPT
Summary: The majority of beta-catenin is at the plasma membrane within cadherin-catenin junctional complexes.
Reason: Core localization; IDA/TAS-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16740478
Apc tumor suppressor gene is the "zonation-keeper" of mouse liver.
GO:0005886 plasma membrane
IDA
PMID:16858399
C3G regulates the size of the cerebral cortex neural precurs...
ACCEPT
Summary: The majority of beta-catenin is at the plasma membrane within cadherin-catenin junctional complexes.
Reason: Core localization; IDA/TAS-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16858399
C3G regulates the size of the cerebral cortex neural precursor population.
GO:0005886 plasma membrane
IDA
PMID:16962386
Tissue, cellular and sub-cellular localization of the Vangl2...
ACCEPT
Summary: The majority of beta-catenin is at the plasma membrane within cadherin-catenin junctional complexes.
Reason: Core localization; IDA/TAS-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16962386
Tissue, cellular and sub-cellular localization of the Vangl2 protein during embryonic development: effect of the Lp mutation.
GO:0005886 plasma membrane
IDA
PMID:17596282
Unique mechanisms of growth regulation and tumor suppression...
ACCEPT
Summary: The majority of beta-catenin is at the plasma membrane within cadherin-catenin junctional complexes.
Reason: Core localization; IDA/TAS-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:17596282
Unique mechanisms of growth regulation and tumor suppression upon Apc inactivation in the pancreas.
GO:0005886 plasma membrane
IDA
PMID:19966784
Sec24b selectively sorts Vangl2 to regulate planar cell pola...
ACCEPT
Summary: The majority of beta-catenin is at the plasma membrane within cadherin-catenin junctional complexes.
Reason: Core localization; IDA/TAS-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19966784
Sec24b selectively sorts Vangl2 to regulate planar cell polarity during neural tube closure.
GO:0005886 plasma membrane
IDA
PMID:23266329
Kruppel-like factor 5 controls villus formation and initiati...
ACCEPT
Summary: The majority of beta-catenin is at the plasma membrane within cadherin-catenin junctional complexes.
Reason: Core localization; IDA/TAS-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:23266329
Kruppel-like factor 5 controls villus formation and initiation of cytodifferentiation in the embryonic intestinal epithelium.
GO:0005886 plasma membrane
IDA
PMID:8853988
Expression and cell membrane localization of catenins during...
ACCEPT
Summary: The majority of beta-catenin is at the plasma membrane within cadherin-catenin junctional complexes.
Reason: Core localization; IDA/TAS-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:8853988
Expression and cell membrane localization of catenins during mouse preimplantation development.
GO:0005911 cell-cell junction
IDA
PMID:12181493
TCL1 participates in early embryonic development and is over...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin localizes to cell-cell junctions (adherens junctions) as a structural complex component.
Reason: Core junctional localization; IDA.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12181493
TCL1 participates in early embryonic development and is overexpressed in human seminomas.
GO:0005911 cell-cell junction
IDA
PMID:14597196
Overexpression of Sonic Hedgehog suppresses embryonic hair f...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin localizes to cell-cell junctions (adherens junctions) as a structural complex component.
Reason: Core junctional localization; IDA.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:14597196
Overexpression of Sonic Hedgehog suppresses embryonic hair follicle morphogenesis.
GO:0005911 cell-cell junction
IDA
PMID:18816447
Diverse roles of E-cadherin in the morphogenesis of the subm...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin localizes to cell-cell junctions (adherens junctions) as a structural complex component.
Reason: Core junctional localization; IDA.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:18816447
Diverse roles of E-cadherin in the morphogenesis of the submandibular gland: insights into the formation of acinar and ductal structures.
GO:0005911 cell-cell junction
ISO
PMID:19151727
Regulation of cardiovascular development and integrity by th...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin localizes to cell-cell junctions (adherens junctions) as a structural complex component.
Reason: Core junctional localization; IDA.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19151727
Regulation of cardiovascular development and integrity by the heart of glass-cerebral cavernous malformation protein pathway.
GO:0005911 cell-cell junction
IDA
PMID:20089884
Milk secretion and ejection are impaired in the mammary glan...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin localizes to cell-cell junctions (adherens junctions) as a structural complex component.
Reason: Core junctional localization; IDA.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:20089884
Milk secretion and ejection are impaired in the mammary gland of mice harboring a Cx43 mutant while expression and localization of tight and adherens junction proteins remain unchanged.
GO:0005911 cell-cell junction
IDA
PMID:21377456
Grainyhead-like 2 regulates neural tube closure and adhesion...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin localizes to cell-cell junctions (adherens junctions) as a structural complex component.
Reason: Core junctional localization; IDA.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:21377456
Grainyhead-like 2 regulates neural tube closure and adhesion molecule expression during neural fold fusion.
GO:0005911 cell-cell junction
IDA
PMID:24191021
Sox9 plays multiple roles in the lung epithelium during bran...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin localizes to cell-cell junctions (adherens junctions) as a structural complex component.
Reason: Core junctional localization; IDA.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:24191021
Sox9 plays multiple roles in the lung epithelium during branching morphogenesis.
GO:0005911 cell-cell junction
IDA
PMID:9950951
Nuclear localization of beta-catenin and loss of apical brus...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin localizes to cell-cell junctions (adherens junctions) as a structural complex component.
Reason: Core junctional localization; IDA.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:9950951
Nuclear localization of beta-catenin and loss of apical brush border actin in cystic tubules of bcl-2 -/- mice.
GO:0005912 adherens junction
IDA
PMID:11731229
FAM deubiquitylating enzyme is essential for preimplantation...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin is a defining structural component of the adherens junction, bridging E-cadherin to alpha-catenin and the actin cytoskeleton.
Reason: Core structural localization; strongly supported (IBA/IDA).
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:11731229
FAM deubiquitylating enzyme is essential for preimplantation mouse embryo development.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0005912 adherens junction
IDA
PMID:12203715
Localization of the novel Xin protein to the adherens juncti...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin is a defining structural component of the adherens junction, bridging E-cadherin to alpha-catenin and the actin cytoskeleton.
Reason: Core structural localization; strongly supported (IBA/IDA).
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12203715
Localization of the novel Xin protein to the adherens junction complex in cardiac and skeletal muscle during development.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0005912 adherens junction
IDA
PMID:12695331
NF2 deficiency promotes tumorigenesis and metastasis by dest...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin is a defining structural component of the adherens junction, bridging E-cadherin to alpha-catenin and the actin cytoskeleton.
Reason: Core structural localization; strongly supported (IBA/IDA).
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12695331
NF2 deficiency promotes tumorigenesis and metastasis by destabilizing adherens junctions.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0005912 adherens junction
IDA
PMID:14657280
Lamellipodium extension and cadherin adhesion: two cell resp...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin is a defining structural component of the adherens junction, bridging E-cadherin to alpha-catenin and the actin cytoskeleton.
Reason: Core structural localization; strongly supported (IBA/IDA).
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:14657280
Lamellipodium extension and cadherin adhesion: two cell responses to cadherin activation relying on distinct signalling pathways.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0005912 adherens junction
IDA
PMID:15148305
Mammalian Fat1 cadherin regulates actin dynamics and cell-ce...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin is a defining structural component of the adherens junction, bridging E-cadherin to alpha-catenin and the actin cytoskeleton.
Reason: Core structural localization; strongly supported (IBA/IDA).
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15148305
Mammalian Fat1 cadherin regulates actin dynamics and cell-cell contact.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0005912 adherens junction
IDA
PMID:15292239
Defects in cell adhesion and the visceral endoderm following...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin is a defining structural component of the adherens junction, bridging E-cadherin to alpha-catenin and the actin cytoskeleton.
Reason: Core structural localization; strongly supported (IBA/IDA).
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15292239
Defects in cell adhesion and the visceral endoderm following ablation of nonmuscle myosin heavy chain II-A in mice.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0005912 adherens junction
IDA
PMID:15645444
Gene expression profile analysis of mouse colon embryonic de...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin is a defining structural component of the adherens junction, bridging E-cadherin to alpha-catenin and the actin cytoskeleton.
Reason: Core structural localization; strongly supported (IBA/IDA).
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15645444
Gene expression profile analysis of mouse colon embryonic development.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0005912 adherens junction
IDA
PMID:15775979
E-cadherin is essential for in vivo epidermal barrier functi...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin is a defining structural component of the adherens junction, bridging E-cadherin to alpha-catenin and the actin cytoskeleton.
Reason: Core structural localization; strongly supported (IBA/IDA).
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15775979
E-cadherin is essential for in vivo epidermal barrier function by regulating tight junctions.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0005912 adherens junction
IDA
PMID:16199027
Vezatin, a protein associated to adherens junctions, is requ...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin is a defining structural component of the adherens junction, bridging E-cadherin to alpha-catenin and the actin cytoskeleton.
Reason: Core structural localization; strongly supported (IBA/IDA).
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16199027
Vezatin, a protein associated to adherens junctions, is required for mouse blastocyst morphogenesis.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0005912 adherens junction
IDA
PMID:16892058
The Rho-GTPase cdc42 regulates neural progenitor fate at the...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin is a defining structural component of the adherens junction, bridging E-cadherin to alpha-catenin and the actin cytoskeleton.
Reason: Core structural localization; strongly supported (IBA/IDA).
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16892058
The Rho-GTPase cdc42 regulates neural progenitor fate at the apical surface.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0005912 adherens junction
IDA
PMID:17544522
Targeted disruption of the murine large nuclear KIAA1440/Int...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin is a defining structural component of the adherens junction, bridging E-cadherin to alpha-catenin and the actin cytoskeleton.
Reason: Core structural localization; strongly supported (IBA/IDA).
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:17544522
Targeted disruption of the murine large nuclear KIAA1440/Ints1 protein causes growth arrest in early blastocyst stage embryos and eventual apoptotic cell death.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0005912 adherens junction
IDA
PMID:21991385
Adhesion protein VSIG1 is required for the proper differenti...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin is a defining structural component of the adherens junction, bridging E-cadherin to alpha-catenin and the actin cytoskeleton.
Reason: Core structural localization; strongly supported (IBA/IDA).
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:21991385
Adhesion protein VSIG1 is required for the proper differentiation of glandular gastric epithelia.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0005912 adherens junction
IDA
PMID:23824574
Wnt/Ξ²-catenin signalling regulates Sox17 expression and is e...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin is a defining structural component of the adherens junction, bridging E-cadherin to alpha-catenin and the actin cytoskeleton.
Reason: Core structural localization; strongly supported (IBA/IDA).
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:23824574
Wnt/Ξ²-catenin signalling regulates Sox17 expression and is essential for organizer and endoderm formation in the mouse.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0005912 adherens junction
IDA
PMID:26787558
SPECC1L deficiency results in increased adherens junction st...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin is a defining structural component of the adherens junction, bridging E-cadherin to alpha-catenin and the actin cytoskeleton.
Reason: Core structural localization; strongly supported (IBA/IDA).
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:26787558
SPECC1L deficiency results in increased adherens junction stability and reduced cranial neural crest cell delamination.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0005912 adherens junction
IDA
PMID:29211732
The mouse Jhy gene regulates ependymal cell differentiation ...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin is a defining structural component of the adherens junction, bridging E-cadherin to alpha-catenin and the actin cytoskeleton.
Reason: Core structural localization; strongly supported (IBA/IDA).
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:29211732
The mouse Jhy gene regulates ependymal cell differentiation and ciliogenesis.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0005916 fascia adherens
IDA
PMID:16481394
The transitional junction: a new functional subcellular doma...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin is a core structural component of the fascia adherens, linking N-cadherin to actin at cardiac intercalated-disc junctions (IDA); a direct adhesion-structure localization.
Reason: direct structural localization at adherens junction
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16481394
The transitional junction: a new functional subcellular domain at the intercalated disc.
GO:0005923 bicellular tight junction
IDA
PMID:17130295
Distinct subdomain organization and molecular composition of...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin is detected near tight junctions through junctional crosstalk, but tight junctions are not its primary structural site (adherens junctions are).
Reason: Adjacent-junction localization; IDA but non-core.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:17130295
Distinct subdomain organization and molecular composition of a tight junction with adherens junction features.
GO:0014704 intercalated disc
IDA
PMID:17535849
A unique and specific interaction between alphaT-catenin and...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin is a core structural component of the cardiac intercalated disc, anchoring N-cadherin to the actin cytoskeleton (IDA/ISO); a direct adhesion-structure localization.
Reason: direct structural localization at cardiac junction
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:17535849
A unique and specific interaction between alphaT-catenin and plakophilin-2 in the area composita, the mixed-type junctional structure of cardiac intercalated discs.
GO:0016020 membrane
IDA
PMID:11731231
Dynamic expression and nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin ...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Bare 'membrane' is uninformative given the specific plasma-membrane/junction terms already capturing beta-catenin's localization.
Reason: Over-general CC parent.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:11731231
Dynamic expression and nuclear accumulation of beta-catenin during the development of hair follicle-derived structures.
GO:0016020 membrane
IDA
PMID:12055200
Regulation of Wnt signaling during adipogenesis.
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Bare 'membrane' is uninformative given the specific plasma-membrane/junction terms already capturing beta-catenin's localization.
Reason: Over-general CC parent.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12055200
Regulation of Wnt signaling during adipogenesis.
GO:0016020 membrane
IDA
PMID:12432063
Protein kinase CKII regulates the interaction of beta-cateni...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Bare 'membrane' is uninformative given the specific plasma-membrane/junction terms already capturing beta-catenin's localization.
Reason: Over-general CC parent.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12432063
Protein kinase CKII regulates the interaction of beta-catenin with alpha-catenin and its protein stability.
GO:0016020 membrane
IDA
PMID:12611902
Regulation of the SHP-2 tyrosine phosphatase by a novel chol...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Bare 'membrane' is uninformative given the specific plasma-membrane/junction terms already capturing beta-catenin's localization.
Reason: Over-general CC parent.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12611902
Regulation of the SHP-2 tyrosine phosphatase by a novel cholesterol- and cell confluence-dependent mechanism.
GO:0016020 membrane
IDA
PMID:14657280
Lamellipodium extension and cadherin adhesion: two cell resp...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Bare 'membrane' is uninformative given the specific plasma-membrane/junction terms already capturing beta-catenin's localization.
Reason: Over-general CC parent.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:14657280
Lamellipodium extension and cadherin adhesion: two cell responses to cadherin activation relying on distinct signalling pathways.
GO:0016020 membrane
IDA
PMID:15987773
Forkhead box A1 regulates prostate ductal morphogenesis and ...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Bare 'membrane' is uninformative given the specific plasma-membrane/junction terms already capturing beta-catenin's localization.
Reason: Over-general CC parent.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15987773
Forkhead box A1 regulates prostate ductal morphogenesis and promotes epithelial cell maturation.
GO:0016020 membrane
IDA
PMID:16364283
Hex homeobox gene controls the transition of the endoderm to...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Bare 'membrane' is uninformative given the specific plasma-membrane/junction terms already capturing beta-catenin's localization.
Reason: Over-general CC parent.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16364283
Hex homeobox gene controls the transition of the endoderm to a pseudostratified, cell emergent epithelium for liver bud development.
GO:0016020 membrane
IDA
PMID:21991325
RSPO1/Ξ²-catenin signaling pathway regulates oogonia differen...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Bare 'membrane' is uninformative given the specific plasma-membrane/junction terms already capturing beta-catenin's localization.
Reason: Over-general CC parent.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:21991325
RSPO1/Ξ²-catenin signaling pathway regulates oogonia differentiation and entry into meiosis in the mouse fetal ovary.
GO:0016020 membrane
IDA
PMID:22139371
Bardet-Biedl syndrome 3 (Bbs3) knockout mouse model reveals ...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Bare 'membrane' is uninformative given the specific plasma-membrane/junction terms already capturing beta-catenin's localization.
Reason: Over-general CC parent.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:22139371
Bardet-Biedl syndrome 3 (Bbs3) knockout mouse model reveals common BBS-associated phenotypes and Bbs3 unique phenotypes.
GO:0016020 membrane
IDA
PMID:8821035
Expression of catenins during mouse embryonic development an...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Bare 'membrane' is uninformative given the specific plasma-membrane/junction terms already capturing beta-catenin's localization.
Reason: Over-general CC parent.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:8821035
Expression of catenins during mouse embryonic development and in adult tissues.
GO:0016323 basolateral plasma membrane
IDA
PMID:12885771
beta-Catenin is required for specification of proximal/dista...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin localizes to the basolateral membrane domain of epithelia, the site of cadherin-based cell-cell contacts.
Reason: Genuine junctional pool; IDA-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12885771
beta-Catenin is required for specification of proximal/distal cell fate during lung morphogenesis.
GO:0016323 basolateral plasma membrane
IDA
PMID:14625387
Foxj1 is required for apical localization of ezrin in airway...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin localizes to the basolateral membrane domain of epithelia, the site of cadherin-based cell-cell contacts.
Reason: Genuine junctional pool; IDA-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:14625387
Foxj1 is required for apical localization of ezrin in airway epithelial cells.
GO:0016323 basolateral plasma membrane
IDA
PMID:15226261
Orpk mouse model of polycystic kidney disease reveals essent...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin localizes to the basolateral membrane domain of epithelia, the site of cadherin-based cell-cell contacts.
Reason: Genuine junctional pool; IDA-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15226261
Orpk mouse model of polycystic kidney disease reveals essential role of primary cilia in pancreatic tissue organization.
GO:0016323 basolateral plasma membrane
IDA
PMID:17671182
Haploinsufficiency of KrΓΌppel-like factor 4 promotes adenoma...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin localizes to the basolateral membrane domain of epithelia, the site of cadherin-based cell-cell contacts.
Reason: Genuine junctional pool; IDA-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:17671182
Haploinsufficiency of KrΓΌppel-like factor 4 promotes adenomatous polyposis coli dependent intestinal tumorigenesis.
GO:0016323 basolateral plasma membrane
IDA
PMID:20016102
The small GTPase Rac1 regulates auditory hair cell morphogen...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin localizes to the basolateral membrane domain of epithelia, the site of cadherin-based cell-cell contacts.
Reason: Genuine junctional pool; IDA-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:20016102
The small GTPase Rac1 regulates auditory hair cell morphogenesis.
GO:0016323 basolateral plasma membrane
IDA
PMID:20089884
Milk secretion and ejection are impaired in the mammary glan...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin localizes to the basolateral membrane domain of epithelia, the site of cadherin-based cell-cell contacts.
Reason: Genuine junctional pool; IDA-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:20089884
Milk secretion and ejection are impaired in the mammary gland of mice harboring a Cx43 mutant while expression and localization of tight and adherens junction proteins remain unchanged.
GO:0016323 basolateral plasma membrane
IDA
PMID:9950951
Nuclear localization of beta-catenin and loss of apical brus...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin localizes to the basolateral membrane domain of epithelia, the site of cadherin-based cell-cell contacts.
Reason: Genuine junctional pool; IDA-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:9950951
Nuclear localization of beta-catenin and loss of apical brush border actin in cystic tubules of bcl-2 -/- mice.
GO:0016327 apicolateral plasma membrane
IDA
PMID:29211732
The mouse Jhy gene regulates ependymal cell differentiation ...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin concentrates at the apicolateral membrane where adherens junctions form between polarized epithelial cells.
Reason: Genuine junctional membrane localization; IDA.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:29211732
The mouse Jhy gene regulates ependymal cell differentiation and ciliogenesis.
GO:0016328 lateral plasma membrane
ISO
GO_REF:0000008
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin concentrates at the lateral membrane of epithelia where cadherin-based cell-cell junctions assemble.
Reason: Genuine core junctional membrane pool; IDA.
GO:0016328 lateral plasma membrane
IDA
PMID:15645444
Gene expression profile analysis of mouse colon embryonic de...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin concentrates at the lateral membrane of epithelia where cadherin-based cell-cell junctions assemble.
Reason: Genuine core junctional membrane pool; IDA.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15645444
Gene expression profile analysis of mouse colon embryonic development.
GO:0016342 catenin complex
IDA
PMID:8853988
Expression and cell membrane localization of catenins during...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin is a defining member of the catenin (cadherin-catenin) complex linking cadherins to alpha-catenin/actin.
Reason: Core complex; broadly supported (IBA/IDA/IMP/ISS).
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:8853988
Expression and cell membrane localization of catenins during mouse preimplantation development.
IDA
PMID:8821035
Expression of catenins during mouse embryonic development an...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin localizes to the cardiomyocyte Z disc/intercalated-disc region, a muscle-specific adhesion structure secondary to its general adherens-junction role.
Reason: Tissue-specific (muscle) localization; IDA but non-core.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:8821035
Expression of catenins during mouse embryonic development and in adult tissues.
GO:0030027 lamellipodium
IDA
PMID:14657280
Lamellipodium extension and cadherin adhesion: two cell resp...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: A lamellipodial pool reflects beta-catenin at dynamic actin-rich protrusions, secondary to its stable junctional localization.
Reason: Context-specific localization; IDA, non-core.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:14657280
Lamellipodium extension and cadherin adhesion: two cell responses to cadherin activation relying on distinct signalling pathways.
GO:0030877 beta-catenin destruction complex
IDA
PMID:10318824
Functional domains of axin. Importance of the C terminus as ...
ACCEPT
Summary: In the absence of Wnt, beta-catenin is the substrate within the AXIN/APC/GSK3B/CK1 destruction complex that drives its phosphorylation and degradation.
Reason: Core Wnt regulation; defining complex membership (IDA/ISS).
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:10318824
Functional domains of axin. Importance of the C terminus as an oligomerization domain.
GO:0031253 cell projection membrane
IDA
PMID:16621792
Membrane localization of adenomatous polyposis coli protein ...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Localization to cell-projection membranes (e.g. neuronal processes) is a specialized pool secondary to beta-catenin's epithelial junction role.
Reason: Context-specific membrane pool; IDA but peripheral.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16621792
Membrane localization of adenomatous polyposis coli protein at cellular protrusions: targeting sequences and regulation by beta-catenin.
GO:0031528 microvillus membrane
IDA
PMID:16439479
Foxf1 and Foxf2 control murine gut development by limiting m...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: A microvillus-membrane pool is a specialized apical localization in particular epithelia, secondary to core junctional pools.
Reason: Tissue-specific localization; IDA, non-core.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16439479
Foxf1 and Foxf2 control murine gut development by limiting mesenchymal Wnt signaling and promoting extracellular matrix production.
GO:0032991 protein-containing complex
ISO
PMID:22083958
Histone H1 recruitment by CHD8 is essential for suppression ...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein-containing complex' is uninformative; beta-catenin's specific complexes (catenin, TCF, destruction) are annotated separately.
Reason: Generic CC over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:22083958
Histone H1 recruitment by CHD8 is essential for suppression of the Wnt-Ξ²-catenin signaling pathway.
GO:0043296 apical junction complex
IDA
PMID:16249236
Shroom regulates epithelial cell shape via the apical positi...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin is a component of the epithelial apical junction complex via the cadherin-catenin adhesion system.
Reason: Core epithelial junction localization; IDA.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16249236
Shroom regulates epithelial cell shape via the apical positioning of an actomyosin network.
GO:0043296 apical junction complex
IDA
PMID:17130295
Distinct subdomain organization and molecular composition of...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin is a component of the epithelial apical junction complex via the cadherin-catenin adhesion system.
Reason: Core epithelial junction localization; IDA.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:17130295
Distinct subdomain organization and molecular composition of a tight junction with adherens junction features.
GO:0043296 apical junction complex
IDA
PMID:17666436
Shroom2, a myosin-VIIa- and actin-binding protein, directly ...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin is a component of the epithelial apical junction complex via the cadherin-catenin adhesion system.
Reason: Core epithelial junction localization; IDA.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:17666436
Shroom2, a myosin-VIIa- and actin-binding protein, directly interacts with ZO-1 at tight junctions.
GO:0045177 apical part of cell
IDA
PMID:14758363
The hyh mutation uncovers roles for alpha Snap in apical pro...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin localizes apically in polarized epithelia where adherens junctions concentrate near the apical pole.
Reason: Genuine epithelial pool; IDA-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:14758363
The hyh mutation uncovers roles for alpha Snap in apical protein localization and control of neural cell fate.
GO:0045177 apical part of cell
IDA
PMID:15037549
Loss of cell polarity causes severe brain dysplasia in Lgl1 ...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin localizes apically in polarized epithelia where adherens junctions concentrate near the apical pole.
Reason: Genuine epithelial pool; IDA-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15037549
Loss of cell polarity causes severe brain dysplasia in Lgl1 knockout mice.
GO:0045177 apical part of cell
IDA
PMID:16249236
Shroom regulates epithelial cell shape via the apical positi...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin localizes apically in polarized epithelia where adherens junctions concentrate near the apical pole.
Reason: Genuine epithelial pool; IDA-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16249236
Shroom regulates epithelial cell shape via the apical positioning of an actomyosin network.
GO:0045177 apical part of cell
IDA
PMID:23863479
Tumor suppressor Nf2 limits expansion of the neural progenit...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin localizes apically in polarized epithelia where adherens junctions concentrate near the apical pole.
Reason: Genuine epithelial pool; IDA-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:23863479
Tumor suppressor Nf2 limits expansion of the neural progenitor pool by inhibiting Yap/Taz transcriptional coactivators.
GO:0045294 alpha-catenin binding
IDA
PMID:12432063
Protein kinase CKII regulates the interaction of beta-cateni...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin binds alpha-catenin via its N-terminal region, the key linkage coupling the cadherin-catenin complex to the actin cytoskeleton.
Reason: Core structural MF; crystallographically defined, IPI/IDA.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12432063
Protein kinase CKII regulates the interaction of beta-catenin with alpha-catenin and its protein stability.
GO:0045296 cadherin binding
ISO
PMID:10330403
Domains of axin involved in protein-protein interactions, Wn...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin binds the cytoplasmic tail of classical cadherins (E-/N-cadherin) via its armadillo repeats, the founding interaction of the cadherin-catenin complex.
Reason: Core structural MF; crystallographically defined, IPI/IBA.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:10330403
Domains of axin involved in protein-protein interactions, Wnt pathway inhibition, and intracellular localization.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0045296 cadherin binding
IPI
PMID:15023525
Ksp-cadherin is a functional cell-cell adhesion molecule rel...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin binds the cytoplasmic tail of classical cadherins (E-/N-cadherin) via its armadillo repeats, the founding interaction of the cadherin-catenin complex.
Reason: Core structural MF; crystallographically defined, IPI/IBA.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15023525
Ksp-cadherin is a functional cell-cell adhesion molecule related to LI-cadherin.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0045296 cadherin binding
IPI
PMID:15057752
Beta-catenin is temporally regulated during normal liver dev...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin binds the cytoplasmic tail of classical cadherins (E-/N-cadherin) via its armadillo repeats, the founding interaction of the cadherin-catenin complex.
Reason: Core structural MF; crystallographically defined, IPI/IBA.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15057752
Beta-catenin is temporally regulated during normal liver development.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0045296 cadherin binding
IPI
PMID:8853988
Expression and cell membrane localization of catenins during...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin binds the cytoplasmic tail of classical cadherins (E-/N-cadherin) via its armadillo repeats, the founding interaction of the cadherin-catenin complex.
Reason: Core structural MF; crystallographically defined, IPI/IBA.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:8853988
Expression and cell membrane localization of catenins during mouse preimplantation development.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0061629 RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding
IDA
PMID:16678101
Homeodomain-mediated beta-catenin-dependent switching events...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin directly binds Pol II-specific DNA-binding transcription factors (TCF/LEF) to drive Wnt-responsive transcription.
Reason: Core Wnt coactivation; IDA-supported specific TF binding.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16678101
Homeodomain-mediated beta-catenin-dependent switching events dictate cell-lineage determination.
GO:0061629 RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding
IDA
PMID:22665494
mrhl RNA, a long noncoding RNA, negatively regulates Wnt sig...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin directly binds Pol II-specific DNA-binding transcription factors (TCF/LEF) to drive Wnt-responsive transcription.
Reason: Core Wnt coactivation; IDA-supported specific TF binding.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:22665494
mrhl RNA, a long noncoding RNA, negatively regulates Wnt signaling through its protein partner Ddx5/p68 in mouse spermatogonial cells.
GO:0140677 molecular function activator activity
EXP
PMID:21075118
Biochemical and structural characterization of Ξ²-catenin int...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin's nuclear role is to act as a transcriptional coactivator (activator) for TCF/LEF factors; this captures its direct molecular-activator function in the Wnt output.
Reason: Direct: as a TCF/LEF coactivator it activates a partner's molecular function, a genuine core MF of beta-catenin.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:21075118
Biochemical and structural characterization of Ξ²-catenin interactions with nonphosphorylated and CK2-phosphorylated Lef-1.
GO:0021854 hypothalamus development
IMP
PMID:32868762
The cellular and molecular landscape of hypothalamic pattern...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin supports hypothalamic neuronal specification via Wnt-driven transcription; a CNS developmental outcome downstream of signaling.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven hypothalamus development
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:32868762
The cellular and molecular landscape of hypothalamic patterning and differentiation from embryonic to late postnatal development.
GO:0060070 canonical Wnt signaling pathway
IMP
PMID:32868762
The cellular and molecular landscape of hypothalamic pattern...
ACCEPT
Summary: The definitional core function: beta-catenin is the key downstream effector of the canonical Wnt pathway, stabilized upon Wnt to drive TCF/LEF target genes. Broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IGI).
Reason: Central, multiply-supported core function of the gene.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:32868762
The cellular and molecular landscape of hypothalamic patterning and differentiation from embryonic to late postnatal development.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0005886 plasma membrane
TAS
Reactome:R-MMU-9773219
ACCEPT
Summary: The majority of beta-catenin is at the plasma membrane within cadherin-catenin junctional complexes.
Reason: Core localization; IDA/TAS-supported.
GO:0005886 plasma membrane
TAS
Reactome:R-MMU-9860515
ACCEPT
Summary: The majority of beta-catenin is at the plasma membrane within cadherin-catenin junctional complexes.
Reason: Core localization; IDA/TAS-supported.
GO:0005886 plasma membrane
TAS
Reactome:R-MMU-9860560
ACCEPT
Summary: The majority of beta-catenin is at the plasma membrane within cadherin-catenin junctional complexes.
Reason: Core localization; IDA/TAS-supported.
GO:0005886 plasma membrane
TAS
Reactome:R-MMU-9860569
ACCEPT
Summary: The majority of beta-catenin is at the plasma membrane within cadherin-catenin junctional complexes.
Reason: Core localization; IDA/TAS-supported.
GO:0005886 plasma membrane
TAS
Reactome:R-MMU-9863577
ACCEPT
Summary: The majority of beta-catenin is at the plasma membrane within cadherin-catenin junctional complexes.
Reason: Core localization; IDA/TAS-supported.
GO:0005886 plasma membrane
TAS
Reactome:R-NUL-9761463
ACCEPT
Summary: The majority of beta-catenin is at the plasma membrane within cadherin-catenin junctional complexes.
Reason: Core localization; IDA/TAS-supported.
GO:0005634 nucleus
IDA
PMID:30389919
ARTS mediates apoptosis and regeneration of the intestinal s...
ACCEPT
Summary: Nuclear accumulation of stabilized beta-catenin is essential for its role as the canonical Wnt transcriptional effector.
Reason: Core localization; broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:30389919
ARTS mediates apoptosis and regeneration of the intestinal stem cell niche.
GO:0005737 cytoplasm
IDA
PMID:30389919
ARTS mediates apoptosis and regeneration of the intestinal s...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin maintains a genuine cytoplasmic pool, where it is held in the destruction complex or bound to cadherin tails before junction delivery.
Reason: Genuine pool; strongly supported (IDA/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:30389919
ARTS mediates apoptosis and regeneration of the intestinal stem cell niche.
GO:0005654 nucleoplasm
TAS
Reactome:R-MMU-9735211
ACCEPT
Summary: Stabilized beta-catenin accumulates in the nucleoplasm to act as the Wnt transcriptional coactivator.
Reason: Genuine nuclear pool; TAS.
GO:0005654 nucleoplasm
TAS
Reactome:R-MMU-9754284
ACCEPT
Summary: Stabilized beta-catenin accumulates in the nucleoplasm to act as the Wnt transcriptional coactivator.
Reason: Genuine nuclear pool; TAS.
GO:0005654 nucleoplasm
TAS
Reactome:R-MMU-9793864
ACCEPT
Summary: Stabilized beta-catenin accumulates in the nucleoplasm to act as the Wnt transcriptional coactivator.
Reason: Genuine nuclear pool; TAS.
GO:0005654 nucleoplasm
TAS
Reactome:R-MMU-9794042
ACCEPT
Summary: Stabilized beta-catenin accumulates in the nucleoplasm to act as the Wnt transcriptional coactivator.
Reason: Genuine nuclear pool; TAS.
GO:0005654 nucleoplasm
TAS
Reactome:R-MMU-9823738
ACCEPT
Summary: Stabilized beta-catenin accumulates in the nucleoplasm to act as the Wnt transcriptional coactivator.
Reason: Genuine nuclear pool; TAS.
GO:0005654 nucleoplasm
TAS
Reactome:R-MMU-9824206
ACCEPT
Summary: Stabilized beta-catenin accumulates in the nucleoplasm to act as the Wnt transcriptional coactivator.
Reason: Genuine nuclear pool; TAS.
GO:0005654 nucleoplasm
TAS
Reactome:R-MMU-9824277
ACCEPT
Summary: Stabilized beta-catenin accumulates in the nucleoplasm to act as the Wnt transcriptional coactivator.
Reason: Genuine nuclear pool; TAS.
GO:0005654 nucleoplasm
TAS
Reactome:R-MMU-9824278
ACCEPT
Summary: Stabilized beta-catenin accumulates in the nucleoplasm to act as the Wnt transcriptional coactivator.
Reason: Genuine nuclear pool; TAS.
GO:0140297 DNA-binding transcription factor binding
IPI
PMID:22723415
Wnt/Ξ²-catenin signaling regulates telomerase in stem cells a...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin binds TCF/LEF DNA-binding transcription factors to coactivate Wnt target genes; core to its nuclear Wnt-effector role.
Reason: Core Wnt: direct TCF/LEF coactivation (IPI); foundational MF for the transcriptional arm.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:22723415
Wnt/Ξ²-catenin signaling regulates telomerase in stem cells and cancer cells.
GO:0005912 adherens junction
IDA
PMID:20399730
The apical complex couples cell fate and cell survival to ce...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin is a defining structural component of the adherens junction, bridging E-cadherin to alpha-catenin and the actin cytoskeleton.
Reason: Core structural localization; strongly supported (IBA/IDA).
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:20399730
The apical complex couples cell fate and cell survival to cerebral cortical development.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0005886 plasma membrane
IDA
PMID:17920587
FERM protein EPB41L5 is a novel member of the mammalian CRB-...
ACCEPT
Summary: The majority of beta-catenin is at the plasma membrane within cadherin-catenin junctional complexes.
Reason: Core localization; IDA/TAS-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:17920587
FERM protein EPB41L5 is a novel member of the mammalian CRB-MPP5 polarity complex.
GO:1990907 beta-catenin-TCF complex
IDA
PMID:20371816
LEF1/beta-catenin complex regulates transcription of the Cav...
ACCEPT
Summary: The nuclear beta-catenin-TCF complex is the central transcriptional effector unit of canonical Wnt signaling.
Reason: Core Wnt effector complex; IDA-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:20371816
LEF1/beta-catenin complex regulates transcription of the Cav3.1 calcium channel gene (Cacna1g) in thalamic neurons of the adult brain.
GO:0032968 positive regulation of transcription elongation by RNA polymerase II
IMP
PMID:30478225
TBX2 and TBX3 act downstream of canonical WNT signaling in p...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IMP annotation; beta-catenin can promote elongation (e.g. via TNIK/PAF1c at Wnt targets), a specific mechanistic facet that is secondary to its core coactivator recruitment role.
Reason: Specific mechanistic facet; experimental, downgrade not remove.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:30478225
TBX2 and TBX3 act downstream of canonical WNT signaling in patterning and differentiation of the mouse ureteric mesenchyme.
GO:0060070 canonical Wnt signaling pathway
IMP
PMID:30478225
TBX2 and TBX3 act downstream of canonical WNT signaling in p...
ACCEPT
Summary: The definitional core function: beta-catenin is the key downstream effector of the canonical Wnt pathway, stabilized upon Wnt to drive TCF/LEF target genes. Broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IGI).
Reason: Central, multiply-supported core function of the gene.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:30478225
TBX2 and TBX3 act downstream of canonical WNT signaling in patterning and differentiation of the mouse ureteric mesenchyme.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:15110721
Sox1 acts through multiple independent pathways to promote n...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15110721
Sox1 acts through multiple independent pathways to promote neurogenesis.
GO:0045944 positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
IMP
PMID:15110721
Sox1 acts through multiple independent pathways to promote n...
ACCEPT
Summary: Core function: nuclear beta-catenin is the TCF/LEF coactivator that activates Wnt-responsive Pol II target genes (recruits EP300/CREBBP, BCL9). Broadly supported.
Reason: Central coactivator function, multiply and experimentally supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15110721
Sox1 acts through multiple independent pathways to promote neurogenesis.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:31073040
LMBR1L regulates lymphopoiesis through Wnt/Ξ²-catenin signali...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:31073040
LMBR1L regulates lymphopoiesis through Wnt/Ξ²-catenin signaling.
GO:0005911 cell-cell junction
IDA
PMID:24338362
POPX2 phosphatase regulates the KIF3 kinesin motor complex.
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin localizes to cell-cell junctions (adherens junctions) as a structural complex component.
Reason: Core junctional localization; IDA.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:24338362
POPX2 phosphatase regulates the KIF3 kinesin motor complex.
GO:0060070 canonical Wnt signaling pathway
IDA
PMID:15314168
Cyclin D1 genetic heterozygosity regulates colonic epithelia...
ACCEPT
Summary: The definitional core function: beta-catenin is the key downstream effector of the canonical Wnt pathway, stabilized upon Wnt to drive TCF/LEF target genes. Broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IGI).
Reason: Central, multiply-supported core function of the gene.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15314168
Cyclin D1 genetic heterozygosity regulates colonic epithelial cell differentiation and tumor number in ApcMin mice.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0003713 transcription coactivator activity
IMP
PMID:26371318
Lhx2 regulates the timing of Ξ²-catenin-dependent cortical ne...
ACCEPT
Summary: The core molecular function: nuclear beta-catenin acts as a transcription coactivator for TCF/LEF factors, bridging EP300/CREBBP and BCL9 to Wnt target promoters. Experimentally supported.
Reason: Defining molecular-function of beta-catenin; well supported (IDA/IMP).
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:26371318
Lhx2 regulates the timing of Ξ²-catenin-dependent cortical neurogenesis.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0005634 nucleus
IMP
PMID:26371318
Lhx2 regulates the timing of Ξ²-catenin-dependent cortical ne...
ACCEPT
Summary: Nuclear accumulation of stabilized beta-catenin is essential for its role as the canonical Wnt transcriptional effector.
Reason: Core localization; broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:26371318
Lhx2 regulates the timing of Ξ²-catenin-dependent cortical neurogenesis.
GO:0045944 positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
IMP
PMID:26371318
Lhx2 regulates the timing of Ξ²-catenin-dependent cortical ne...
ACCEPT
Summary: Core function: nuclear beta-catenin is the TCF/LEF coactivator that activates Wnt-responsive Pol II target genes (recruits EP300/CREBBP, BCL9). Broadly supported.
Reason: Central coactivator function, multiply and experimentally supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:26371318
Lhx2 regulates the timing of Ξ²-catenin-dependent cortical neurogenesis.
GO:0050768 negative regulation of neurogenesis
IMP
PMID:26371318
Lhx2 regulates the timing of Ξ²-catenin-dependent cortical ne...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin can suppress neuronal differentiation by maintaining neural progenitors (Wnt stemness targets); a downstream CNS-development phenotype.
Reason: Neurogenesis suppression downstream of Wnt progenitor-maintenance transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:26371318
Lhx2 regulates the timing of Ξ²-catenin-dependent cortical neurogenesis.
GO:2000179 positive regulation of neural precursor cell proliferation
IMP
PMID:26371318
Lhx2 regulates the timing of Ξ²-catenin-dependent cortical ne...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin enlarges the neural precursor pool by activating Wnt cell-cycle genes; a downstream CNS-development phenotype.
Reason: Neural-precursor expansion downstream of Wnt mitogenic targets.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:26371318
Lhx2 regulates the timing of Ξ²-catenin-dependent cortical neurogenesis.
GO:0003682 chromatin binding
IDA
PMID:20371816
LEF1/beta-catenin complex regulates transcription of the Cav...
ACCEPT
Summary: In the nucleus beta-catenin associates with chromatin at Wnt target genes as part of TCF/LEF transcription complexes.
Reason: Core nuclear Wnt role; IDA/IGI-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:20371816
LEF1/beta-catenin complex regulates transcription of the Cav3.1 calcium channel gene (Cacna1g) in thalamic neurons of the adult brain.
GO:1990907 beta-catenin-TCF complex
IDA
PMID:9488439
Two members of the Tcf family implicated in Wnt/beta-catenin...
ACCEPT
Summary: The nuclear beta-catenin-TCF complex is the central transcriptional effector unit of canonical Wnt signaling.
Reason: Core Wnt effector complex; IDA-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:9488439
Two members of the Tcf family implicated in Wnt/beta-catenin signaling during embryogenesis in the mouse.
GO:1990138 neuron projection extension
ISS
GO_REF:0000024
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Ortholog/electronic-inferred role in axon/dendrite outgrowth, plausibly via cadherin-junction and Wnt-transcriptional inputs; a downstream neuronal phenotype.
Reason: Neurite extension downstream of adhesion/Wnt roles; non-core (electronic).
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:25232112
Dlg5 regulates dendritic spine formation and synaptogenesis ...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:25232112
Dlg5 regulates dendritic spine formation and synaptogenesis by controlling subcellular N-cadherin localization.
GO:0045202 synapse
IDA
PMID:25232112
Dlg5 regulates dendritic spine formation and synaptogenesis ...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Synaptic localization supports cadherin-based synaptic adhesion in neurons, a tissue-specific pool.
Reason: Synapse localization; IDA/IEA, non-core.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:25232112
Dlg5 regulates dendritic spine formation and synaptogenesis by controlling subcellular N-cadherin localization.
GO:0016525 negative regulation of angiogenesis
IMP
PMID:25961718
Resveratrol-Induced Vascular Progenitor Differentiation towa...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Endothelial Wnt/beta-catenin signaling can restrain vessel sprouting through transcriptional targets; a context-dependent downstream vascular phenotype.
Reason: Angiogenesis regulation downstream of endothelial Wnt-transcriptional output.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:25961718
Resveratrol-Induced Vascular Progenitor Differentiation towards Endothelial Lineage via MiR-21/Akt/Ξ²-Catenin Is Protective in Vessel Graft Models.
GO:0005634 nucleus
IDA
PMID:24681597
Kindlin-1 controls Wnt and TGF-Ξ² availability to regulate cu...
ACCEPT
Summary: Nuclear accumulation of stabilized beta-catenin is essential for its role as the canonical Wnt transcriptional effector.
Reason: Core localization; broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:24681597
Kindlin-1 controls Wnt and TGF-Ξ² availability to regulate cutaneous stem cell proliferation.
GO:0005737 cytoplasm
IDA
PMID:24681597
Kindlin-1 controls Wnt and TGF-Ξ² availability to regulate cu...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin maintains a genuine cytoplasmic pool, where it is held in the destruction complex or bound to cadherin tails before junction delivery.
Reason: Genuine pool; strongly supported (IDA/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:24681597
Kindlin-1 controls Wnt and TGF-Ξ² availability to regulate cutaneous stem cell proliferation.
GO:0051884 regulation of timing of anagen
IDA
PMID:24681597
Kindlin-1 controls Wnt and TGF-Ξ² availability to regulate cu...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin Wnt activity initiates the hair-follicle growth (anagen) phase; an IDA developmental-timing phenotype downstream of transcription.
Reason: Hair-cycle anagen timing downstream of Wnt/beta-catenin transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:24681597
Kindlin-1 controls Wnt and TGF-Ξ² availability to regulate cutaneous stem cell proliferation.
GO:0060070 canonical Wnt signaling pathway
IDA
PMID:24681597
Kindlin-1 controls Wnt and TGF-Ξ² availability to regulate cu...
ACCEPT
Summary: The definitional core function: beta-catenin is the key downstream effector of the canonical Wnt pathway, stabilized upon Wnt to drive TCF/LEF target genes. Broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IGI).
Reason: Central, multiply-supported core function of the gene.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:24681597
Kindlin-1 controls Wnt and TGF-Ξ² availability to regulate cutaneous stem cell proliferation.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0016342 catenin complex
IMP
PMID:11121423
The cadherin cytoplasmic domain is unstructured in the absen...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin is a defining member of the catenin (cadherin-catenin) complex linking cadherins to alpha-catenin/actin.
Reason: Core complex; broadly supported (IBA/IDA/IMP/ISS).
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:11121423
The cadherin cytoplasmic domain is unstructured in the absence of beta-catenin. A possible mechanism for regulating cadherin turnover.
GO:0045296 cadherin binding
IPI
PMID:11121423
The cadherin cytoplasmic domain is unstructured in the absen...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin binds the cytoplasmic tail of classical cadherins (E-/N-cadherin) via its armadillo repeats, the founding interaction of the cadherin-catenin complex.
Reason: Core structural MF; crystallographically defined, IPI/IBA.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:11121423
The cadherin cytoplasmic domain is unstructured in the absence of beta-catenin. A possible mechanism for regulating cadherin turnover.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0097718 disordered domain specific binding
IPI
PMID:11121423
The cadherin cytoplasmic domain is unstructured in the absen...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Binding to intrinsically disordered regions of partners (e.g. cadherin/APC tails) is a real biophysical mode but a generic descriptor of specific interactions captured elsewhere.
Reason: Generic-ish MF; IPI but peripheral to named partner terms.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:11121423
The cadherin cytoplasmic domain is unstructured in the absence of beta-catenin. A possible mechanism for regulating cadherin turnover.
GO:0005634 nucleus
IDA
PMID:20371816
LEF1/beta-catenin complex regulates transcription of the Cav...
ACCEPT
Summary: Nuclear accumulation of stabilized beta-catenin is essential for its role as the canonical Wnt transcriptional effector.
Reason: Core localization; broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:20371816
LEF1/beta-catenin complex regulates transcription of the Cav3.1 calcium channel gene (Cacna1g) in thalamic neurons of the adult brain.
GO:0005829 cytosol
IDA
PMID:20371816
LEF1/beta-catenin complex regulates transcription of the Cav...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin has a cytosolic pool subject to destruction-complex regulation and Wnt-dependent stabilization.
Reason: Genuine pool; IDA/TAS-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:20371816
LEF1/beta-catenin complex regulates transcription of the Cav3.1 calcium channel gene (Cacna1g) in thalamic neurons of the adult brain.
GO:0016020 membrane
IDA
PMID:20371816
LEF1/beta-catenin complex regulates transcription of the Cav...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Bare 'membrane' is uninformative given the specific plasma-membrane/junction terms already capturing beta-catenin's localization.
Reason: Over-general CC parent.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:20371816
LEF1/beta-catenin complex regulates transcription of the Cav3.1 calcium channel gene (Cacna1g) in thalamic neurons of the adult brain.
GO:0045944 positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
IGI
PMID:20371816
LEF1/beta-catenin complex regulates transcription of the Cav...
ACCEPT
Summary: Core function: nuclear beta-catenin is the TCF/LEF coactivator that activates Wnt-responsive Pol II target genes (recruits EP300/CREBBP, BCL9). Broadly supported.
Reason: Central coactivator function, multiply and experimentally supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:20371816
LEF1/beta-catenin complex regulates transcription of the Cav3.1 calcium channel gene (Cacna1g) in thalamic neurons of the adult brain.
GO:0005634 nucleus
IDA
PMID:25979161
Transmembrane protein 64 reciprocally regulates osteoblast a...
ACCEPT
Summary: Nuclear accumulation of stabilized beta-catenin is essential for its role as the canonical Wnt transcriptional effector.
Reason: Core localization; broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:25979161
Transmembrane protein 64 reciprocally regulates osteoblast and adipocyte differentiation by modulating Wnt/Ξ²-catenin signaling.
GO:1904948 midbrain dopaminergic neuron differentiation
IMP
PMID:19122665
Wnt antagonism of Shh facilitates midbrain floor plate neuro...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin drives midbrain dopaminergic neuron differentiation via Wnt1/TCF transcription; a neuronal cell-fate outcome downstream of signaling.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven midbrain DA neuron fate
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19122665
Wnt antagonism of Shh facilitates midbrain floor plate neurogenesis.
GO:0005634 nucleus
IDA
PMID:22645310
Prolyl isomerase Pin1 regulates neuronal differentiation via...
ACCEPT
Summary: Nuclear accumulation of stabilized beta-catenin is essential for its role as the canonical Wnt transcriptional effector.
Reason: Core localization; broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:22645310
Prolyl isomerase Pin1 regulates neuronal differentiation via Ξ²-catenin.
GO:0005829 cytosol
IDA
PMID:22645310
Prolyl isomerase Pin1 regulates neuronal differentiation via...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin has a cytosolic pool subject to destruction-complex regulation and Wnt-dependent stabilization.
Reason: Genuine pool; IDA/TAS-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:22645310
Prolyl isomerase Pin1 regulates neuronal differentiation via Ξ²-catenin.
GO:0019899 enzyme binding
IPI
PMID:22645310
Prolyl isomerase Pin1 regulates neuronal differentiation via...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'enzyme binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's relevant enzyme contacts (GSK3B, CK1, kinases) are captured by specific kinase/phosphatase terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:22645310
Prolyl isomerase Pin1 regulates neuronal differentiation via Ξ²-catenin.
GO:1904888 cranial skeletal system development
IMP
PMID:11262227
Inactivation of the beta-catenin gene by Wnt1-Cre-mediated d...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin patterns craniofacial skeleton via Wnt-driven osteochondral fate decisions; a skeletal developmental outcome, not core function.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven craniofacial skeletogenesis
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:11262227
Inactivation of the beta-catenin gene by Wnt1-Cre-mediated deletion results in dramatic brain malformation and failure of craniofacial development.
GO:0030901 midbrain development
IMP
PMID:11262227
Inactivation of the beta-catenin gene by Wnt1-Cre-mediated d...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin patterns midbrain via Wnt/TCF transcription and progenitor control; a CNS developmental outcome, not core function.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven midbrain development
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:11262227
Inactivation of the beta-catenin gene by Wnt1-Cre-mediated deletion results in dramatic brain malformation and failure of craniofacial development.
GO:0030902 hindbrain development
IMP
PMID:11262227
Inactivation of the beta-catenin gene by Wnt1-Cre-mediated d...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin patterns hindbrain via Wnt/TCF transcription and progenitor control; a CNS developmental outcome, not core function.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven hindbrain development
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:11262227
Inactivation of the beta-catenin gene by Wnt1-Cre-mediated deletion results in dramatic brain malformation and failure of craniofacial development.
GO:0061550 cranial ganglion development
IMP
PMID:11262227
Inactivation of the beta-catenin gene by Wnt1-Cre-mediated d...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin supports cranial ganglion/placode development through Wnt/TCF transcription; a neural-crest/placode outcome downstream of signaling.
Reason: downstream Wnt role in cranial ganglion development
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:11262227
Inactivation of the beta-catenin gene by Wnt1-Cre-mediated deletion results in dramatic brain malformation and failure of craniofacial development.
GO:1990403 embryonic brain development
IMP
PMID:11262227
Inactivation of the beta-catenin gene by Wnt1-Cre-mediated d...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin supports embryonic brain growth/patterning via Wnt/TCF neural transcription; a CNS developmental outcome, not core function.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven embryonic brain development
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:11262227
Inactivation of the beta-catenin gene by Wnt1-Cre-mediated deletion results in dramatic brain malformation and failure of craniofacial development.
GO:1990791 dorsal root ganglion development
IMP
PMID:11262227
Inactivation of the beta-catenin gene by Wnt1-Cre-mediated d...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin supports DRG formation from neural crest via Wnt/TCF transcription; a peripheral-nervous-system developmental outcome, not core function.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven DRG development
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:11262227
Inactivation of the beta-catenin gene by Wnt1-Cre-mediated deletion results in dramatic brain malformation and failure of craniofacial development.
GO:1990909 Wnt signalosome
IDA
PMID:22899650
LRRK2 functions as a Wnt signaling scaffold, bridging cytoso...
ACCEPT
Summary: IDA-supported: stabilized beta-catenin is a component of the Wnt signalosome where it escapes destruction-complex phosphorylation. Core to its Wnt-effector role.
Reason: Experimental component annotation central to canonical Wnt signaling.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:22899650
LRRK2 functions as a Wnt signaling scaffold, bridging cytosolic proteins and membrane-localized LRP6.
GO:0019901 protein kinase binding
IPI
PMID:22899650
LRRK2 functions as a Wnt signaling scaffold, bridging cytoso...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Protein-kinase binding reflects regulatory contacts (GSK3B, CK1, CDKs) governing beta-catenin stability; specific destruction-complex terms are more informative.
Reason: Semi-generic regulatory MF; IPI, non-core.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:22899650
LRRK2 functions as a Wnt signaling scaffold, bridging cytosolic proteins and membrane-localized LRP6.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:15908431
MAGI1 recruits Dll1 to cadherin-based adherens junctions and...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:15908431
MAGI1 recruits Dll1 to cadherin-based adherens junctions and stabilizes it on the cell surface.
GO:0010629 negative regulation of gene expression
IMP
PMID:19122665
Wnt antagonism of Shh facilitates midbrain floor plate neuro...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Generic negative-regulation-of-expression parent; beta-catenin's specific repressive effects act at the level of Pol II transcription of particular targets.
Reason: Uninformative broad parent; specific Pol II transcription terms preferred.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19122665
Wnt antagonism of Shh facilitates midbrain floor plate neurogenesis.
GO:0030182 neuron differentiation
IMP
PMID:25009587
Depletion of canonical Wnt signaling components has a neurop...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin influences neuronal differentiation timing via Wnt-target transcription; a downstream neurodevelopmental process.
Reason: Neuronal differentiation downstream of Wnt/beta-catenin transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:25009587
Depletion of canonical Wnt signaling components has a neuroprotective effect on midbrain dopaminergic neurons in an MPTP-induced mouse model of Parkinson's disease.
GO:0016600 flotillin complex
IDA
PMID:24046456
Flotillin microdomains stabilize cadherins at cell-cell junc...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: A reported flotillin-complex association reflects a membrane microdomain pool, peripheral to beta-catenin's core junction/Wnt functions.
Reason: Specialized complex; IDA but non-core.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:24046456
Flotillin microdomains stabilize cadherins at cell-cell junctions.
GO:0000791 euchromatin
IDA
PMID:22723415
Wnt/Ξ²-catenin signaling regulates telomerase in stem cells a...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: beta-catenin localizes with active TCF/LEF target loci in euchromatin, consistent with its coactivator role, but this CC term is contextual rather than a core function statement.
Reason: Localization term supporting, but not equal to, its coactivator function.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:22723415
Wnt/Ξ²-catenin signaling regulates telomerase in stem cells and cancer cells.
GO:0005667 transcription regulator complex
IDA
PMID:22723415
Wnt/Ξ²-catenin signaling regulates telomerase in stem cells a...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin is a component of transcription regulator complexes (with TCF/LEF and coactivators) that drive Wnt target gene expression.
Reason: Core nuclear Wnt effector complex; IDA-supported.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:22723415
Wnt/Ξ²-catenin signaling regulates telomerase in stem cells and cancer cells.
GO:0002052 positive regulation of neuroblast proliferation
IMP
PMID:21325504
Frizzled3 is required for neurogenesis and target innervatio...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin positively drives neuroblast expansion through Wnt cell-cycle targets; a downstream neurodevelopmental proliferative role.
Reason: Pro-neuroblast proliferation downstream of Wnt transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:21325504
Frizzled3 is required for neurogenesis and target innervation during sympathetic nervous system development.
GO:0045976 negative regulation of mitotic cell cycle, embryonic
IMP
PMID:21325504
Frizzled3 is required for neurogenesis and target innervatio...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin restrains embryonic mitotic cycling in specific contexts via Wnt cell-cycle target genes; a downstream developmental phenotype.
Reason: Embryonic cell-cycle restraint downstream of Wnt transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:21325504
Frizzled3 is required for neurogenesis and target innervation during sympathetic nervous system development.
GO:0061549 sympathetic ganglion development
IMP
PMID:21325504
Frizzled3 is required for neurogenesis and target innervatio...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin Wnt signaling supports sympathetic neuron lineage development; a downstream peripheral-nervous-system phenotype.
Reason: Sympathetic ganglion development downstream of Wnt transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:21325504
Frizzled3 is required for neurogenesis and target innervation during sympathetic nervous system development.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:23856522
Jmjd3 controls mesodermal and cardiovascular differentiation...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:23856522
Jmjd3 controls mesodermal and cardiovascular differentiation of embryonic stem cells.
GO:0005634 nucleus
IDA
PMID:23856522
Jmjd3 controls mesodermal and cardiovascular differentiation...
ACCEPT
Summary: Nuclear accumulation of stabilized beta-catenin is essential for its role as the canonical Wnt transcriptional effector.
Reason: Core localization; broadly supported (IDA/IMP/IPI). Retain, not REMOVE.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:23856522
Jmjd3 controls mesodermal and cardiovascular differentiation of embryonic stem cells.
GO:0016922 nuclear receptor binding
IPI
PMID:14687547
RORalpha coordinates reciprocal signaling in cerebellar deve...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin coactivates several nuclear receptors (e.g. NR5A2, AR/ER), broadening its transcriptional crosstalk beyond the core TCF/LEF axis.
Reason: Crosstalk coactivation; non-core relative to TCF.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:14687547
RORalpha coordinates reciprocal signaling in cerebellar development through sonic hedgehog and calcium-dependent pathways.
GO:0033234 negative regulation of protein sumoylation
ISS
GO_REF:0000024
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Ortholog/electronic-inferred negative effect on SUMOylation; an indirect downstream activity unrelated to beta-catenin's core adhesion/Wnt functions.
Reason: SUMOylation suppression, electronic-inferred and indirect; non-core.
GO:0048643 positive regulation of skeletal muscle tissue development
IMP
PMID:23460868
Ξ²-catenin is essential for efficient in vitro premyogenic me...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin Wnt signaling supports skeletal muscle tissue formation by driving myogenic gene programs; a downstream tissue-development role.
Reason: Skeletal muscle development downstream of Wnt/beta-catenin transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:23460868
Ξ²-catenin is essential for efficient in vitro premyogenic mesoderm formation but can be partially compensated by retinoic acid signalling.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:11590244
alphaT-catenin: a novel tissue-specific beta-catenin-binding...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:11590244
alphaT-catenin: a novel tissue-specific beta-catenin-binding protein mediating strong cell-cell adhesion.
GO:0036023 embryonic skeletal limb joint morphogenesis
IGI
PMID:21262216
The zinc finger transcription factors Osr1 and Osr2 control ...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin specifies limb joint interzones via Wnt/TCF transcription (IGI); a skeletal morphogenetic outcome downstream of its signaling role.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven limb joint morphogenesis
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:21262216
The zinc finger transcription factors Osr1 and Osr2 control synovial joint formation.
GO:0045294 alpha-catenin binding
IPI
PMID:21393547
A polarized epithelium organized by beta- and alpha-catenin ...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin binds alpha-catenin via its N-terminal region, the key linkage coupling the cadherin-catenin complex to the actin cytoskeleton.
Reason: Core structural MF; crystallographically defined, IPI/IDA.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:21393547
A polarized epithelium organized by beta- and alpha-catenin predates cadherin and metazoan origins.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:18636119
Coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) mediates atriov...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:18636119
Coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) mediates atrioventricular-node function and connexin 45 localization in the murine heart.
GO:0072182 regulation of nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation
IMP
PMID:19112489
Gata3 acts downstream of beta-catenin signaling to prevent e...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin tunes nephron epithelial cell fate during kidney development via Wnt targets; a downstream renal phenotype.
Reason: Nephron epithelial differentiation control downstream of Wnt transcription.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19112489
Gata3 acts downstream of beta-catenin signaling to prevent ectopic metanephric kidney induction.
GO:0045893 positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription
IMP
PMID:19112489
Gata3 acts downstream of beta-catenin signaling to prevent e...
MODIFY
Summary: Correct in essence but uses the generic DNA-templated parent; beta-catenin specifically positively regulates RNA polymerase II transcription as the TCF/LEF coactivator.
Reason: Generic parent; specialize to Pol II-specific positive regulation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19112489
Gata3 acts downstream of beta-catenin signaling to prevent ectopic metanephric kidney induction.
GO:0071944 cell periphery
ISS
GO_REF:0000024
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin localizes to the cell periphery at adherens junctions linking cadherins to actin; a broad location term consistent with its structural role but less specific than the junction terms.
Reason: electronic broad location subsumed by adherens-junction terms
GO:0005938 cell cortex
ISS
GO_REF:0000024
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin associates with the actin-rich cell cortex via the cadherin-catenin complex at cell-cell contacts.
Reason: Genuine cortical pool at junctions.
GO:0007155 cell adhesion
ISS
GO_REF:0000024
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Generic cell adhesion is subsumed by the more specific cadherin-mediated cell-cell adhesion terms that capture beta-catenin's actual mechanism.
Reason: Over-general parent; electronic; specific child preferred.
GO:0008285 negative regulation of cell population proliferation
ISS
GO_REF:0000024
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Electronic/ortholog-inferred anti-proliferative effect in some lineages, downstream of context-specific Wnt transcriptional output.
Reason: Context anti-proliferation downstream of transcription; non-core (electronic).
GO:0010909 positive regulation of heparan sulfate proteoglycan biosynthetic process
ISS
GO_REF:0000024
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Ortholog/electronic-inferred up-regulation of HSPG biosynthesis, plausibly via Wnt transcriptional targets; a downstream biosynthetic effect.
Reason: HSPG biosynthesis upregulation downstream of transcription; non-core (electronic).
GO:0016342 catenin complex
ISS
GO_REF:0000024
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin is a defining member of the catenin (cadherin-catenin) complex linking cadherins to alpha-catenin/actin.
Reason: Core complex; broadly supported (IBA/IDA/IMP/ISS).
GO:0030054 cell junction
ISS
GO_REF:0000024
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin is a core cell-junction protein, concentrated at cadherin-based cell-cell junctions.
Reason: Core localization (junction parent).
GO:0030877 beta-catenin destruction complex
ISS
GO_REF:0000024
ACCEPT
Summary: In the absence of Wnt, beta-catenin is the substrate within the AXIN/APC/GSK3B/CK1 destruction complex that drives its phosphorylation and degradation.
Reason: Core Wnt regulation; defining complex membership (IDA/ISS).
GO:0030997 regulation of centriole-centriole cohesion
ISS
GO_REF:0000024
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin has a reported centrosomal moonlighting role in centriole cohesion; ortholog/electronic-inferred and distinct from its core adhesion/Wnt roles.
Reason: Centrosomal moonlighting role, electronic-inferred; non-core.
GO:0032355 response to estradiol
ISS
GO_REF:0000024
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Ortholog/electronic-inferred responsiveness to estradiol, reflecting hormone crosstalk with Wnt/beta-catenin transcription in reproductive tissues; a downstream response.
Reason: Estradiol response downstream/crosstalk with Wnt transcription; non-core (electronic).
GO:0032993 protein-DNA complex
ISS
GO_REF:0000024
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin is part of protein-DNA complexes only indirectly via TCF/LEF; the specific beta-catenin-TCF complex terms capture this better.
Reason: Indirect/over-general; electronic.
GO:0034333 adherens junction assembly
ISS
GO_REF:0000024
ACCEPT
Summary: By linking cadherin to the catenin/actin machinery, beta-catenin is required for adherens junction assembly.
Reason: Core adhesion process; mechanistically central even if evidence is electronic/ISS.
GO:0034394 protein localization to cell surface
ISS
GO_REF:0000024
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin promotes surface delivery/retention of cadherin (e.g. via vinculin), a supporting trafficking role secondary to its structural function.
Reason: Peripheral process; electronic.
GO:0043065 positive regulation of apoptotic process
ISS
GO_REF:0000024
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: In some contexts beta-catenin promotes apoptosis; this electronic/ortholog-inferred bidirectional effect is a downstream consequence of context-specific transcription.
Reason: Context-dependent pro-apoptotic output downstream of transcription; non-core (electronic).
GO:0045944 positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
ISS
GO_REF:0000024
ACCEPT
Summary: Core function: nuclear beta-catenin is the TCF/LEF coactivator that activates Wnt-responsive Pol II target genes (recruits EP300/CREBBP, BCL9). Broadly supported.
Reason: Central coactivator function, multiply and experimentally supported.
GO:0048471 perinuclear region of cytoplasm
ISS
GO_REF:0000024
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: A perinuclear cytoplasmic pool may reflect shuttling/staging intermediates, secondary to functional junctional and nuclear pools.
Reason: Secondary localization; electronic.
GO:0048660 regulation of smooth muscle cell proliferation
ISS
GO_REF:0000024
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Modulation of vascular/visceral smooth muscle proliferation reflects Wnt/beta-catenin mitogenic target genes; ortholog/electronic-inferred downstream process.
Reason: Downstream proliferative control via Wnt transcriptional targets; non-core.
GO:0061154 endothelial tube morphogenesis
ISS
GO_REF:0000024
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin supports endothelial tube formation via junctional integrity and Wnt transcription; a vascular morphogenetic outcome (electronic) downstream of its dual role.
Reason: electronic; downstream of junction/Wnt vascular roles
GO:0070369 beta-catenin-TCF7L2 complex
ISS
GO_REF:0000024
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin forms the specific transcriptional complex with TCF7L2/TCF4 that activates Wnt target genes.
Reason: Core Wnt effector complex (specific TCF member).
GO:0071363 cellular response to growth factor stimulus
ISS
GO_REF:0000024
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin participates in growth-factor-responsive transcription via Wnt crosstalk; a broad, electronically inferred response, kept as non-core given indirect linkage.
Reason: electronic/generic; indirect crosstalk, not core
GO:0071681 cellular response to indole-3-methanol
ISS
GO_REF:0000024
REMOVE
Summary: No credible biological basis for beta-catenin as a responder to indole-3-methanol; an electronically propagated (IEA/ISO/ISS) annotation with no support.
Reason: electronic annotation biologically unsupported for this gene
GO:0090279 regulation of calcium ion import
ISS
GO_REF:0000024
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Ortholog/electronic-inferred influence on calcium import, distinct from beta-catenin's core Wnt/adhesion roles; a downstream/indirect effect.
Reason: Calcium-import regulation, electronic-inferred and indirect; non-core.
GO:2000008 regulation of protein localization to cell surface
ISS
GO_REF:0000024
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin modulates cadherin surface levels, a regulatory trafficking role secondary to its structural junction function.
Reason: Peripheral regulatory process; electronic.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:20802155
Sox17 modulates Wnt3A/beta-catenin-mediated transcriptional ...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:20802155
Sox17 modulates Wnt3A/beta-catenin-mediated transcriptional activation of the Lef-1 promoter.
GO:0034750 Scrib-APC-beta-catenin complex
IDA
PMID:16611247
Human scribble, a novel tumor suppressor identified as a tar...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin participates in a Scrib-APC complex linked to synaptic vesicle localization and polarity, a specialized assembly beyond core adhesion/Wnt complexes.
Reason: Specialized complex (IDA); peripheral, neuronal-polarity context.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16611247
Human scribble, a novel tumor suppressor identified as a target of high-risk HPV E6 for ubiquitin-mediated degradation, interacts with adenomatous polyposis coli.
GO:0005813 centrosome
IDA
PMID:20300119
Conductin/axin2 and Wnt signalling regulates centrosome cohe...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin has a reported centrosomal pool acting in centrosome cohesion/separation, distinct from its core adhesion and Wnt roles.
Reason: Secondary localization; IDA but non-core moonlighting.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:20300119
Conductin/axin2 and Wnt signalling regulates centrosome cohesion.
GO:0070602 regulation of centromeric sister chromatid cohesion
IMP
PMID:20300119
Conductin/axin2 and Wnt signalling regulates centrosome cohe...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: A reported beta-catenin role at centromeric cohesion is a moonlighting function separate from its Wnt/adhesion core; supported by IMP plus electronic inference.
Reason: Sister-chromatid cohesion moonlighting role; non-core to Wnt/adhesion.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:20300119
Conductin/axin2 and Wnt signalling regulates centrosome cohesion.
GO:0003713 transcription coactivator activity
IDA
PMID:12949260
Wnt4 overexpression disrupts normal testicular vasculature a...
ACCEPT
Summary: The core molecular function: nuclear beta-catenin acts as a transcription coactivator for TCF/LEF factors, bridging EP300/CREBBP and BCL9 to Wnt target promoters. Experimentally supported.
Reason: Defining molecular-function of beta-catenin; well supported (IDA/IMP).
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12949260
Wnt4 overexpression disrupts normal testicular vasculature and inhibits testosterone synthesis by repressing steroidogenic factor 1/beta-catenin synergy.
file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
Beta-catenin is a multifunctional protein with dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling
GO:0045893 positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription
IDA
PMID:12949260
Wnt4 overexpression disrupts normal testicular vasculature a...
MODIFY
Summary: Correct in essence but uses the generic DNA-templated parent; beta-catenin specifically positively regulates RNA polymerase II transcription as the TCF/LEF coactivator.
Reason: Generic parent; specialize to Pol II-specific positive regulation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:12949260
Wnt4 overexpression disrupts normal testicular vasculature and inhibits testosterone synthesis by repressing steroidogenic factor 1/beta-catenin synergy.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:20413591
The TRPV4 channel contributes to intercellular junction form...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:20413591
The TRPV4 channel contributes to intercellular junction formation in keratinocytes.
GO:0003223 ventricular compact myocardium morphogenesis
TAS
PMID:20299672
Epicardial-myocardial signaling directing coronary vasculoge...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin Wnt signaling contributes to compact-layer ventricular wall formation; a TAS downstream cardiac-morphogenesis phenotype.
Reason: Compact myocardium morphogenesis downstream of Wnt transcription (TAS).
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:20299672
Epicardial-myocardial signaling directing coronary vasculogenesis.
GO:0010718 positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition
TAS
PMID:20299672
Epicardial-myocardial signaling directing coronary vasculoge...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Nuclear beta-catenin drives EMT transcriptional programs (Snail/Twist targets) while loss of its junctional pool also promotes EMT; the process is downstream of both core roles.
Reason: EMT is a transcriptional/adhesion downstream output, not beta-catenin's direct molecular function.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:20299672
Epicardial-myocardial signaling directing coronary vasculogenesis.
GO:0060038 cardiac muscle cell proliferation
TAS
PMID:20299672
Epicardial-myocardial signaling directing coronary vasculoge...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin supports cardiomyocyte proliferation via Wnt/TCF transcription; a cardiac-growth outcome downstream of its signaling effector role (TAS).
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven cardiomyocyte proliferation
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:20299672
Epicardial-myocardial signaling directing coronary vasculogenesis.
GO:0060485 mesenchyme development
TAS
PMID:20299672
Epicardial-myocardial signaling directing coronary vasculoge...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin supports mesenchymal tissue development via Wnt-driven transcription; a connective-tissue developmental outcome (TAS) downstream of signaling.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven mesenchyme development
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:20299672
Epicardial-myocardial signaling directing coronary vasculogenesis.
GO:0060947 cardiac vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation
TAS
PMID:20299672
Epicardial-myocardial signaling directing coronary vasculoge...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin promotes cardiac vascular SMC differentiation through Wnt-driven transcription; a cardiovascular cell-fate outcome, not core function (TAS).
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven cardiac SMC fate
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:20299672
Epicardial-myocardial signaling directing coronary vasculogenesis.
GO:0060982 coronary artery morphogenesis
TAS
PMID:20299672
Epicardial-myocardial signaling directing coronary vasculoge...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin shapes coronary artery formation via epicardial/endothelial Wnt transcription; a cardiovascular morphogenetic outcome (TAS), not core function.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven coronary morphogenesis
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:20299672
Epicardial-myocardial signaling directing coronary vasculogenesis.
GO:0060983 epicardium-derived cardiac vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation
TAS
PMID:20299672
Epicardial-myocardial signaling directing coronary vasculoge...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin drives epicardium-derived SMC differentiation through Wnt transcription; a cardiovascular cell-fate outcome (TAS), not core function.
Reason: downstream Wnt-driven epicardial SMC fate
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:20299672
Epicardial-myocardial signaling directing coronary vasculogenesis.
GO:0072132 mesenchyme morphogenesis
TAS
PMID:20299672
Epicardial-myocardial signaling directing coronary vasculoge...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Beta-catenin shapes mesenchymal tissue morphogenesis via Wnt transcription and adhesion; a morphogenetic outcome (TAS) of its dual role.
Reason: downstream of Wnt/adhesion mesenchyme morphogenesis
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:20299672
Epicardial-myocardial signaling directing coronary vasculogenesis.
GO:0140297 DNA-binding transcription factor binding
IPI
PMID:17331723
Inhibitory Gli3 activity negatively regulates Wnt/beta-caten...
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin binds TCF/LEF DNA-binding transcription factors to coactivate Wnt target genes; core to its nuclear Wnt-effector role.
Reason: Core Wnt: direct TCF/LEF coactivation (IPI); foundational MF for the transcriptional arm.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:17331723
Inhibitory Gli3 activity negatively regulates Wnt/beta-catenin signaling.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:16611247
Human scribble, a novel tumor suppressor identified as a tar...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16611247
Human scribble, a novel tumor suppressor identified as a target of high-risk HPV E6 for ubiquitin-mediated degradation, interacts with adenomatous polyposis coli.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:19458197
Scribble interacts with beta-catenin to localize synaptic ve...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:19458197
Scribble interacts with beta-catenin to localize synaptic vesicles to synapses.
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:10954424
The mammalian homologue of the Caenorhabditis elegans polari...
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Bare 'protein binding' is uninformative; beta-catenin's meaningful interactions are captured by specific cadherin/alpha-catenin/TCF binding terms.
Reason: Generic MF over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:10954424
The mammalian homologue of the Caenorhabditis elegans polarity protein PAR-6 is a binding partner for the Rho GTPases Cdc42 and Rac1.
GO:0019903 protein phosphatase binding
IPI
PMID:16973135
Intracellular substrates of brain-enriched receptor protein ...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Protein-phosphatase binding (e.g. PTPN6/PTPRJ) regulates tyrosine-phosphorylation of junctional beta-catenin, a regulatory interaction.
Reason: Regulatory partner; IBA/IPI, non-core.
Supporting Evidence:
PMID:16973135
Intracellular substrates of brain-enriched receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase rho (RPTPrho/PTPRT).
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-MMU-209096
ACCEPT
Summary: Beta-catenin has a cytosolic pool subject to destruction-complex regulation and Wnt-dependent stabilization.
Reason: Genuine pool; IDA/TAS-supported.

Core Functions

Beta-catenin binds cadherins and alpha-catenin in adherens junctions to support cadherin-mediated cell-cell adhesion.

Supporting Evidence:
  • file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
    Beta-catenin is a key cytoplasmic component of the cadherin-catenin complex at adherens junctions
  • file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research-falcon.md
    beta-catenin supports adherens junction integrity by binding the cytoplasmic tail of E-cadherin and linking to alpha-catenin/actin-associated structures.

Stabilized beta-catenin acts with TCF/LEF transcription factors as a transcriptional coactivator in canonical Wnt signaling.

Supporting Evidence:
  • file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research.md
    In the nucleus, beta-catenin acts as a co-activator for TCF/LEF transcription factors
  • file:mouse/Ctnnb1/Ctnnb1-deep-research-falcon.md
    beta-catenin acts as the central transcriptional effector of canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling, accumulating and entering the nucleus when stabilized to co-activate TCF/LEF-dependent transcription.

References

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Suggested Questions for Experts

Q: How does Ξ²-catenin coordinate its dual roles in cell adhesion and Wnt signaling, and what mechanisms prevent crosstalk?

Q: What determines the tissue-specific requirements for Ξ²-catenin in development versus homeostasis?

Q: How do different Ξ²-catenin mutations lead to distinct developmental disorders and cancer types?

Q: What role does Ξ²-catenin play in stem cell maintenance and differentiation across different tissue types?

Suggested Experiments

Experiment: Single-cell RNA sequencing of tissues with conditional Ξ²-catenin knockout to map cell-type-specific transcriptional programs

Experiment: Super-resolution microscopy to study Ξ²-catenin dynamics between adherens junctions and the nucleus during Wnt signaling

Experiment: Cryo-EM structural determination of Ξ²-catenin in complex with different binding partners like cadherins and TCF/LEF

Experiment: Lineage tracing in mouse models to study Ξ²-catenin function in stem cell fate decisions during development and regeneration

Deep Research

Falcon

(Ctnnb1-deep-research-falcon.md)

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Deep Research Report: Ctnnb1 (mouse)

(Ctnnb1-deep-research.md)

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πŸ“š Additional Documentation

Notes

(Ctnnb1-notes.md)

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Bioreason Rl Predictions

(Ctnnb1-bioreason-rl-predictions.md)

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Bioreason Rl Review

(Ctnnb1-bioreason-rl-review.md)

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πŸ“„ View Raw YAML

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