Rat n 1 (major urinary protein), a secreted lipocalin (calycin superfamily, lipocalin family) and the major rat allergen. MUPs bind and release volatile pheromones in their beta-barrel calyx and may protect them from oxidation, regulating social behaviours (aggression, mating, territory) and acting as kairomones. Rat n 1 is shed in urine and dander and is the dominant rat inhalant allergen (laboratory-animal allergy).
| GO Term | Evidence | Action | Reason |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0005576 extracellular region | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | ACCEPT | Summary: Secreted lipocalin shed in urine/dander; extracellular localization is correct and central. Reason: Secretory protein acting in the extracellular space. Supporting Evidence: file:rat/Ratn1/Ratn1-uniprot.txt SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted |
| GO:0005549 odorant binding | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | ACCEPT | Summary: Binds small hydrophobic odorant/pheromone ligands in the lipocalin calyx. Reason: Core lipocalin ligand-binding function. Supporting Evidence: file:rat/Ratn1/Ratn1-uniprot.txt Major urinary proteins (Mups) bind and release pheromones. |
| GO:0005576 extracellular region | IEA GO_REF:0000044 | ACCEPT | Summary: Secreted lipocalin shed in urine/dander; extracellular localization is correct and central. Reason: Secretory protein acting in the extracellular space. Supporting Evidence: file:rat/Ratn1/Ratn1-uniprot.txt SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted |
| GO:0005829 cytosol | IEA GO_REF:0000044 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Cytosolic signal reflects the biosynthetic route of this secreted protein, not a functional compartment. Reason: Biosynthetic/transit localization; functional compartment is extracellular. |
| GO:0008286 insulin receptor signaling pathway | IEA GO_REF:0000108 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: Insulin-receptor-signaling involvement is ISS-propagated from MUP metabolic studies; not shown for this allergen and downstream of the implausible insulin-receptor-activity assignment. Reason: Depends on the implausible insulin-receptor-activity call; not demonstrated for this protein. |
| GO:0036094 small molecule binding | IEA GO_REF:0000002 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: Generic parent of the specific odorant/pheromone binding already annotated. Reason: Uninformative broad parent; specific ligand-binding is captured. |
| GO:0005009 insulin receptor activity | ISS GO_REF:0000024 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: Insulin receptor activity is implausible for a small secreted extracellular lipocalin: it has no transmembrane/tyrosine-kinase receptor architecture. ISS-propagated from MUP metabolic reports. Reason: A secreted ~19 kDa lipocalin cannot be the insulin receptor (a transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinase); clear fold/architecture mismatch from ISS over-propagation. |
| GO:0005550 pheromone binding | ISS GO_REF:0000024 | ACCEPT | Summary: MUPs bind and release volatile pheromones; the defining molecular function of Mus m 1 / Rat n 1. Reason: Core, experimentally/curated pheromone-binding function of the protein. Supporting Evidence: file:rat/Ratn1/Ratn1-uniprot.txt Major urinary proteins (Mups) bind and release pheromones. |
| GO:0005576 extracellular region | IDA PMID:6886376 Male urinary protein-1 (Mup-1) expression in the female rat. | ACCEPT | Summary: Secreted lipocalin shed in urine/dander; extracellular localization is correct and central. Reason: Secretory protein acting in the extracellular space. Supporting Evidence: file:rat/Ratn1/Ratn1-uniprot.txt SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted |
| GO:0005634 nucleus | ISS GO_REF:0000024 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: Nuclear localization contradicts the protein's signal-peptide-driven secretion (extracellular pheromone carrier); it accompanies the ISS-propagated intracellular metabolic-signalling hypothesis. Reason: Inconsistent with the secreted localization of this lipocalin; over-propagated with the metabolic cluster. |
| GO:0005829 cytosol | ISS GO_REF:0000024 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Cytosolic signal reflects the biosynthetic route of this secreted protein, not a functional compartment. Reason: Biosynthetic/transit localization; functional compartment is extracellular. |
| GO:0006112 energy reserve metabolic process | ISS GO_REF:0000024 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: ISS-propagated from major-urinary-protein endocrine/metabolic studies (a hormone-like role reported for specific MUPs) and transferred across the whole MUP family. This metabolic function is not established for this secreted lipocalin allergen and conflicts with its characterized role as a pheromone carrier. Reason: Over-propagated similarity annotation from MUP metabolic literature; not demonstrated for this protein, whose evidenced function is pheromone/odorant binding. |
| GO:0007005 mitochondrion organization | ISS GO_REF:0000024 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: ISS-propagated from major-urinary-protein endocrine/metabolic studies (a hormone-like role reported for specific MUPs) and transferred across the whole MUP family. This metabolic function is not established for this secreted lipocalin allergen and conflicts with its characterized role as a pheromone carrier. Reason: Over-propagated similarity annotation from MUP metabolic literature; not demonstrated for this protein, whose evidenced function is pheromone/odorant binding. |
| GO:0009060 aerobic respiration | ISS GO_REF:0000024 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: ISS-propagated from major-urinary-protein endocrine/metabolic studies (a hormone-like role reported for specific MUPs) and transferred across the whole MUP family. This metabolic function is not established for this secreted lipocalin allergen and conflicts with its characterized role as a pheromone carrier. Reason: Over-propagated similarity annotation from MUP metabolic literature; not demonstrated for this protein, whose evidenced function is pheromone/odorant binding. |
| GO:0010628 positive regulation of gene expression | ISS GO_REF:0000024 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: ISS-propagated from major-urinary-protein endocrine/metabolic studies (a hormone-like role reported for specific MUPs) and transferred across the whole MUP family. This metabolic function is not established for this secreted lipocalin allergen and conflicts with its characterized role as a pheromone carrier. Reason: Over-propagated similarity annotation from MUP metabolic literature; not demonstrated for this protein, whose evidenced function is pheromone/odorant binding. |
| GO:0010888 negative regulation of lipid storage | ISS GO_REF:0000024 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: ISS-propagated from major-urinary-protein endocrine/metabolic studies (a hormone-like role reported for specific MUPs) and transferred across the whole MUP family. This metabolic function is not established for this secreted lipocalin allergen and conflicts with its characterized role as a pheromone carrier. Reason: Over-propagated similarity annotation from MUP metabolic literature; not demonstrated for this protein, whose evidenced function is pheromone/odorant binding. |
| GO:0010907 positive regulation of glucose metabolic process | ISS GO_REF:0000024 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: ISS-propagated from major-urinary-protein endocrine/metabolic studies (a hormone-like role reported for specific MUPs) and transferred across the whole MUP family. This metabolic function is not established for this secreted lipocalin allergen and conflicts with its characterized role as a pheromone carrier. Reason: Over-propagated similarity annotation from MUP metabolic literature; not demonstrated for this protein, whose evidenced function is pheromone/odorant binding. |
| GO:0031649 heat generation | ISS GO_REF:0000024 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: ISS-propagated from major-urinary-protein endocrine/metabolic studies (a hormone-like role reported for specific MUPs) and transferred across the whole MUP family. This metabolic function is not established for this secreted lipocalin allergen and conflicts with its characterized role as a pheromone carrier. Reason: Over-propagated similarity annotation from MUP metabolic literature; not demonstrated for this protein, whose evidenced function is pheromone/odorant binding. |
| GO:0042593 glucose homeostasis | ISS GO_REF:0000024 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: ISS-propagated from major-urinary-protein endocrine/metabolic studies (a hormone-like role reported for specific MUPs) and transferred across the whole MUP family. This metabolic function is not established for this secreted lipocalin allergen and conflicts with its characterized role as a pheromone carrier. Reason: Over-propagated similarity annotation from MUP metabolic literature; not demonstrated for this protein, whose evidenced function is pheromone/odorant binding. |
| GO:0045475 locomotor rhythm | ISS GO_REF:0000024 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: ISS-propagated from major-urinary-protein endocrine/metabolic studies (a hormone-like role reported for specific MUPs) and transferred across the whole MUP family. This metabolic function is not established for this secreted lipocalin allergen and conflicts with its characterized role as a pheromone carrier. Reason: Over-propagated similarity annotation from MUP metabolic literature; not demonstrated for this protein, whose evidenced function is pheromone/odorant binding. |
| GO:0045721 negative regulation of gluconeogenesis | ISS GO_REF:0000024 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: ISS-propagated from major-urinary-protein endocrine/metabolic studies (a hormone-like role reported for specific MUPs) and transferred across the whole MUP family. This metabolic function is not established for this secreted lipocalin allergen and conflicts with its characterized role as a pheromone carrier. Reason: Over-propagated similarity annotation from MUP metabolic literature; not demonstrated for this protein, whose evidenced function is pheromone/odorant binding. |
| GO:0045834 positive regulation of lipid metabolic process | ISS GO_REF:0000024 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: ISS-propagated from major-urinary-protein endocrine/metabolic studies (a hormone-like role reported for specific MUPs) and transferred across the whole MUP family. This metabolic function is not established for this secreted lipocalin allergen and conflicts with its characterized role as a pheromone carrier. Reason: Over-propagated similarity annotation from MUP metabolic literature; not demonstrated for this protein, whose evidenced function is pheromone/odorant binding. |
| GO:0045892 negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription | ISS GO_REF:0000024 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: Transcriptional regulation requires nuclear/chromatin action, incompatible with a secreted extracellular lipocalin; ISS-propagated with the MUP metabolic-signalling cluster. Reason: Requires intranuclear action incompatible with a secreted protein; ISS over-propagation. |
| GO:0051055 negative regulation of lipid biosynthetic process | ISS GO_REF:0000024 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: ISS-propagated from major-urinary-protein endocrine/metabolic studies (a hormone-like role reported for specific MUPs) and transferred across the whole MUP family. This metabolic function is not established for this secreted lipocalin allergen and conflicts with its characterized role as a pheromone carrier. Reason: Over-propagated similarity annotation from MUP metabolic literature; not demonstrated for this protein, whose evidenced function is pheromone/odorant binding. |
| GO:0051897 positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction | ISS GO_REF:0000024 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: ISS-propagated from major-urinary-protein endocrine/metabolic studies (a hormone-like role reported for specific MUPs) and transferred across the whole MUP family. This metabolic function is not established for this secreted lipocalin allergen and conflicts with its characterized role as a pheromone carrier. Reason: Over-propagated similarity annotation from MUP metabolic literature; not demonstrated for this protein, whose evidenced function is pheromone/odorant binding. |
| GO:0061179 negative regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus | ISS GO_REF:0000024 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: ISS-propagated from major-urinary-protein endocrine/metabolic studies (a hormone-like role reported for specific MUPs) and transferred across the whole MUP family. This metabolic function is not established for this secreted lipocalin allergen and conflicts with its characterized role as a pheromone carrier. Reason: Over-propagated similarity annotation from MUP metabolic literature; not demonstrated for this protein, whose evidenced function is pheromone/odorant binding. |
| GO:0071396 cellular response to lipid | ISS GO_REF:0000024 | MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED | Summary: ISS-propagated from major-urinary-protein endocrine/metabolic studies (a hormone-like role reported for specific MUPs) and transferred across the whole MUP family. This metabolic function is not established for this secreted lipocalin allergen and conflicts with its characterized role as a pheromone carrier. Reason: Over-propagated similarity annotation from MUP metabolic literature; not demonstrated for this protein, whose evidenced function is pheromone/odorant binding. |
Loading supporting content…
Download this section (compressed HTML)Q: What is the specific volatile pheromone/odorant carried by this MUP, and how does ligand identity relate to its behavioural (and kairomone) effects?
Q: Are the ISS-propagated metabolic roles (insulin-receptor/glucose-lipid regulation) genuine for any MUP, or an artifact of family-level transfer from one studied paralog? They are not supported for this secreted lipocalin.
Experiment: Identify endogenous ligands co-purifying with the native protein by GC-MS and confirm binding/release kinetics of candidate volatiles to the recombinant protein by fluorescent-probe displacement.
Hypothesis: This MUP binds and slowly releases a specific volatile pheromone in its lipocalin calyx.
Type: ligand identification / biophysical binding assay
Experiment: Test recombinant protein for direct insulin-receptor engagement and for effects on hepatocyte glucose/lipid metabolism, with appropriate paralog and endotoxin controls.
Hypothesis: The metabolic phenotypes attributed to MUPs are not a function of this secreted lipocalin.
Type: receptor-binding / cell-based metabolic assay
Rat n 1 = major urinary protein; secreted pheromone-binding lipocalin (major rat allergen). Same curation as Mus m 1 incl. IDA extracellular (PMID:6886376) ACCEPT; metabolic ISS cluster over-annotated.
Loading supporting content…
Download this section (compressed HTML)