Bacterial chemotaxis signal transduction to flagellar motor output

Reusable bacterial chemotaxis module linking methyl-accepting chemoreceptor input and CheR/CheB methylation-dependent adaptation through CheW-coupled CheA autophosphorylation and phosphotransfer to the response regulator CheY, CheZ-dependent CheY-P dephosphorylation, CheY-P action on the FliG/FliM/FliN C-ring switch, and ion-conducting MotA/MotB-family stators that power flagellar rotation. Escherichia coli K-12 proteins ground the paradigm relay and Pseudomonas putida KT2440 proteins ground a second, polar-flagellate realization with two stator systems; receptor ligand specificity is not made universal.

MODULE:bacterial_chemotaxis_signal_transductionCOMPLETECONCRETESignaling Pathwaymodules/bacterial_chemotaxis_signal_transduction.yaml

chemotaxisGO:0006935

GO:0006935

chemotaxis

Grounds directional movement in response to chemical stimuli.

KEGG:eco02030

Bacterial chemotaxis - Escherichia coli K-12 MG1655

Identifies the E. coli receptor, adaptation, phosphorelay, switch, and motor realization.

KEGG:ppu02030

Pseudomonas putida KT2440 bacterial chemotaxis

Identifies the PSEPK receptor, adaptation, phosphorelay, switch, and motor realization.

file:ECOLI/cheA/cheA-ai-review.yaml

Grounds E. coli CheA histidine autokinase activity and phosphotransfer to CheY and CheB.

file:ECOLI/cheY/cheY-ai-review.yaml

Grounds CheY receiver phosphorylation and CheY-P binding to FliM at the motor.

file:ECOLI/cheZ/cheZ-ai-review.yaml

Grounds CheZ-dependent CheY-P dephosphorylation and signal reset.

file:ECOLI/tar/tar-ai-review.yaml

Grounds the transmembrane chemoreceptor input of the E. coli realization.

file:PSEPK/mcpS/mcpS-ai-review.yaml

Grounds a characterized KT2440 chemoreceptor input.

PMID:23677992

High specificity in CheR methyltransferase function: CheR2 of Pseudomonas putida is essential for chemotaxis, whereas CheR1 is involved in biofilm formation.

Directly grounds methylation of McpS by the KT2440 CheR2 adaptation enzyme.

PMID:36409076

Role of the Two Flagellar Stators in Swimming Motility of Pseudomonas putida

Direct KT2440 deletion and complementation experiments establish distinct contributions from the MotAB and MotCD stators.

file:projects/P_PUTIDA/deep-research/PSEPK__bacterial_chemotaxis_signal_transduction__ppu02030-deep-research-openscientist.md

Reviews pathway satisfiability, receptor diversity, adaptation proteins, the C-ring output, and the dual-stator realization in KT2440.

The module captures the conserved signal flow rather than any species' complete receptor repertoire. Tar (E. coli) and McpS and PcaY (KT2440) are receptor exemplars, not a claim of shared ligand specificity; enterobacterial-type receptors (PANTHER PTHR43531) and Pseudomonas-type receptors (PTHR32089:SF120) are separate PANTHER families and are modelled as alternative realizers. Lineage differences are real and are recorded here rather than averaged away. (1) Pseudomonas encodes several chemosensory systems (flagellar Che, Che2, the c-di-GMP-linked Wsp and pilus-linked Chp systems); only the flagellar cluster is modelled, its components (CheA2/PP_4338, CheR2, CheB1, CheW PP_4332) are not assumed interchangeable with paralogs of the other systems, and the adjacent CheW-domain protein PP_4333 is not given a separate role. (2) KT2440 CheA also carries a C-terminal CheW-like domain, as all CheA do; free CheW is still needed to couple receptors to CheA. (3) The CheY-P reset uses CheZ in beta- and gammaproteobacteria; Bacillus-type systems instead use CheC, CheX and the FliY CheC-like domain at the switch, together with CheD and CheV, and in B. subtilis attractants activate rather than inhibit CheA. Those alternatives are not grounded here. (4) E. coli and Salmonella drive the motor with a single proton-type MotAB stator; KT2440 and P. aeruginosa have a second MotCD stator, and Vibrio uses sodium-type PomAB stators; the stator step is therefore a realizer variant set. MotA and MotC are grounded at the disjoint PTHR30433 subfamilies SF4 and SF3. PANTHER PTHR30329 is HETEROGENEOUS: it is an OmpA-like peptidoglycan-binding domain family in which only the MotB, PomB, LafU and MotD members are stator anchors (OmpA, Pal and OprF are outer-membrane proteins). MotD is grounded at SF20; MotB stays at family level because its subfamily SF21 mixes MotB with OmpA-type proteins. (5) The CheA-to-CheY His-Asp transfer follows the two-component phosphorelay motif, but CheA is controlled by separate receptors rather than sensing a signal itself, and the module does not declare conformance to the two-component relay template. Flagellar construction and export are modelled separately (bacterial_flagellar_assembly_export).

13Nodes

8Parts

2Variant Sets

4Variants

11Annotons

8Connections

Derived QC

Recommended-field compliance

100.0% recommended fields populated

All recommended fields populated.

Module deep research

✗ none found

No MODULE:bacterial_chemotaxis_signal_transduction deep-research report alongside the module YAML.

Leaf nodes lacking representative members

1 leaf node(s) with no concrete protein grounding:

Flagellum-dependent motility output

Template conformance

✓ every declared conforms_to bundle matches its template motif.

Function consistency and core coverage

15 gene-function check(s) reflected in core functions · 0 conflict(s) · 0 evidence or coverage gap(s) (26 comparison(s))

Retained noncore functions are reported separately; they do not require promotion to core functions. Support from representative genes does not establish conservation across the whole family. Missing reviews or identifiers leave a claim unverified.

Annoton	Participant	Function	Assessment
tar_type_receptor_activity	tar (ECOLI) UniProtKB:P07017 Family Representative	transmembrane signaling receptor activity GO:0004888	Core Supported The GO molecular function is reflected in core_functions (exact term or a reviewed subclass).
mcp_receptor_activity	mcpS (PSEPK) UniProtKB:Q88E10 Family Representative	transmembrane signaling receptor activity GO:0004888	Core Supported The GO molecular function is reflected in core_functions (exact term or a reviewed subclass).
mcp_receptor_activity	pcaY (PSEPK) UniProtKB:Q88JK6 Family Representative	transmembrane signaling receptor activity GO:0004888	Core Supported The GO molecular function is reflected in core_functions (exact term or a reviewed subclass).
cher_receptor_methylation	cheR (ECOLI) UniProtKB:P07364 Family Representative	protein-glutamate O-methyltransferase activity GO:0008983	Core Supported The GO molecular function is reflected in core_functions (exact term or a reviewed subclass).
cher_receptor_methylation	cheR2 (PSEPK) UniProtKB:Q88ER1 Family Representative	protein-glutamate O-methyltransferase activity GO:0008983	Core Supported The GO molecular function is reflected in core_functions (exact term or a reviewed subclass).
cheb_receptor_demethylation	cheB (ECOLI) UniProtKB:P07330 Family Representative	protein-glutamate methylesterase activity GO:0008984	Core Supported The GO molecular function is reflected in core_functions (exact term or a reviewed subclass).
cheb_receptor_demethylation	cheB1 (PSEPK) UniProtKB:Q88EW5 Family Representative	protein-glutamate methylesterase activity GO:0008984	Core Supported The GO molecular function is reflected in core_functions (exact term or a reviewed subclass).
chea_activity	cheA (ECOLI) UniProtKB:P07363 Family Representative	protein histidine kinase activity GO:0004673	Core Supported The GO molecular function is reflected in core_functions (exact term or a reviewed subclass).
chea_activity	cheA (PSEPK) UniProtKB:Q88EW4 Family Representative	protein histidine kinase activity GO:0004673	Core Supported The GO molecular function is reflected in core_functions (exact term or a reviewed subclass).
chew_coupling_activity	cheW (ECOLI) UniProtKB:P0A964 Family Representative	molecular adaptor activity GO:0060090	Core Supported The GO molecular function is reflected in core_functions (exact term or a reviewed subclass).
chew_coupling_activity	PP_4332 (PSEPK) UniProtKB:Q88EX0 Family Representative	molecular adaptor activity GO:0060090	Core Supported The GO molecular function is reflected in core_functions (exact term or a reviewed subclass).
chey_activity	cheY (ECOLI) UniProtKB:P0AE67 Family Representative	phosphorelay response regulator activity GO:0000156	Core Supported The GO molecular function is reflected in core_functions (exact term or a reviewed subclass).
chey_activity	cheY (PSEPK) UniProtKB:Q88EW2 Family Representative	phosphorelay response regulator activity GO:0000156	Core Supported The GO molecular function is reflected in core_functions (exact term or a reviewed subclass).
chez_reset_activity	cheZ (ECOLI) UniProtKB:P0A9H9 Family Representative	phosphoprotein phosphatase activity GO:0004721	Core Supported The GO molecular function is reflected in core_functions (exact term or a reviewed subclass).
chez_reset_activity	cheZ (PSEPK) UniProtKB:Q88EW3 Family Representative	phosphoprotein phosphatase activity GO:0004721	Core Supported The GO molecular function is reflected in core_functions (exact term or a reviewed subclass).
c_ring_switch_complex	PROTEIN_COMPLEX Gene	structural molecule activity GO:0005198	Participant Unchecked No direct UniProt participant to compare. Abstract selectors and complex-wide activities cannot be inferred from donor or subunit gene reviews.
motab_stator_complex	PROTEIN_COMPLEX Gene	proton transmembrane transporter activity GO:0015078	Participant Unchecked No direct UniProt participant to compare. Abstract selectors and complex-wide activities cannot be inferred from donor or subunit gene reviews.
motcd_stator_complex	PROTEIN_COMPLEX Gene	proton transmembrane transporter activity GO:0015078	Participant Unchecked No direct UniProt participant to compare. Abstract selectors and complex-wide activities cannot be inferred from donor or subunit gene reviews.
tar_type_receptor_activity	enterobacterial-type methyl-accepting chemoreceptor family PANTHER:PTHR43531 Family	transmembrane signaling receptor activity GO:0004888	Family Supported Family review supports GO:0004888 FAMILY_WIDE. The GO definition is "Combining with an extracellular or intracellular signal and transmitting the signal from one side of the membrane to the other to initiate a change in cell activity or state as part of signal transduction." Tar, Tsr, Tap and Trg bind periplasmic ligands and transduce the signal across the membrane, which is the receptor role the chemotaxis module asserts for its MCP annoton. Aer and the soluble FrzCD do not transmit a signal across the membrane and are exceptions.
mcp_receptor_activity	Pseudomonas TlpQ-type methyl-accepting chemoreceptor subfamily PANTHER:PTHR32089:SF120 Family	transmembrane signaling receptor activity GO:0004888	Family Supported Family review supports GO:0004888 for PANTHER:PTHR32089:SF120. Periplasmic-ligand transmembrane chemoreceptors make up SF120, SF114, SF119 and SF39, and the GO definition (transmitting a signal from one side of the membrane to the other) fits them. KT2440 McpS and PcaY, the exemplars of the chemotaxis module's receptor annoton, are SF120 members with two transmembrane helices flanking a ligand-binding domain. SF112 and SF118 hold soluble or rhodopsin-coupled transducers and lysozyme-like proteins and are excluded.
cher_receptor_methylation	chemotaxis receptor methyltransferase CheR family PANTHER:PTHR24422 Family	protein-glutamate O-methyltransferase activity GO:0008983	Family Supported Family review supports GO:0008983 FAMILY_WIDE. Methylation of receptor glutamates with S-adenosylmethionine is the conserved activity of every member that carries the CheR catalytic domain, in all main subfamilies; it is the activity the chemotaxis module asserts for its CheR annoton (grounded by E. coli CheR and KT2440 CheR2). Two SF10 Swiss-Prot entries lack the CheR domain and are listed as exceptions.
cheb_receptor_demethylation	chemotaxis receptor methylesterase CheB family PANTHER:PTHR42872 Family	protein-glutamate methylesterase activity GO:0008984	Family Supported Family review supports GO:0008984 FAMILY_WIDE. Receptor demethylation is the defining activity of the CheB methylesterase domain in both subfamilies, and it is the activity the chemotaxis module asserts for its CheB annoton (grounded by E. coli CheB and KT2440 CheB1). The three TAL effector entries placed in SF6 are exceptions.
chea_activity	chemotaxis CheA family PANTHER:PTHR43395 Family	protein histidine kinase activity GO:0004673	Family Supported Family review supports GO:0004673 FAMILY_WIDE. Histidine autophosphorylation and phosphotransfer are the defining activity of the family and are documented in both main subfamilies (E. coli CheA in SF10; the conserved HPt/HATPase architecture of the SF1 kinases, including KT2440 PP_4338). This is the activity the chemotaxis module asserts for its CheA annoton. The uncharacterized eukaryotic leaves below PTN008681482 are not covered by evidence and are left to the node assessment.
chew_coupling_activity	chemotaxis coupling protein CheW family PANTHER:PTHR22617 Family	molecular adaptor activity GO:0060090	Family Supported Family review supports GO:0060090 FAMILY_WIDE. The GO definition is "The binding activity of a molecule that brings together two or more molecules through a selective, non-covalent, often stoichiometric interaction, permitting those molecules to function in a coordinated way." CheW bridges receptors and CheA and is required for receptor control of CheA, which is exactly that activity, and the CheW fold is conserved across all subfamilies. This is the activity the chemotaxis module asserts for its CheW annoton.
chey_activity	single-domain receiver response regulator family (CheY, Spo0A, plant ARRs) PANTHER:PTHR43228 Family	phosphorelay response regulator activity GO:0000156	Family Supported Family review supports GO:0000156 FAMILY_WIDE. Every member has a receiver domain with the conserved phospho-accepting aspartate. This is the activity the chemotaxis module asserts for its CheY annoton (E. coli and KT2440 CheY); the motor-switching output that distinguishes CheY is a property of the bacterial CheY members, not of the whole family.
chez_reset_activity	CheY-P phosphatase CheZ family PANTHER:PTHR43693 Family	phosphoprotein phosphatase activity GO:0004721	Family Supported Family review supports GO:0004721 FAMILY_WIDE. CheY-P dephosphorylation is the shared activity of CheZ and CheC members and is the activity the chemotaxis module asserts for its CheZ annoton (E. coli and KT2440 CheZ).

Feedback loops (advisory, prose-driven: a regulator counts as "feedback" when its own description says so)

✓ every negative regulator described as feedback has an upstream edge closing the loop.

chez_signal_reset ⊣ chey_response_output [input]
chez_signal_reset is a negative regulator with no upstream edge (not described as feedback)

Gene-review completeness (22/22 grounded genes reviewed)

22 complete review(s) · 8 with deep research · 0 missing review · 14 reviewed but lacking deep research

Gene	Review	Complete	Deep research
cheA P07363	✓	✓	✗
cheA Q88EW4	✓	✓	✓
cheB P07330	✓	✓	✗
cheB1 Q88EW5	✓	✓	✗
cheR P07364	✓	✓	✗
cheR2 Q88ER1	✓	✓	✗
cheW P0A964	✓	✓	✗
cheY P0AE67	✓	✓	✗
cheY Q88EW2	✓	✓	✓
cheZ P0A9H9	✓	✓	✗
cheZ Q88EW3	✓	✓	✓
fliG Q88ET5	✓	✓	✓
fliM Q88EU5	✓	✓	✗
fliN Q88EU6	✓	✓	✗
mcpS Q88E10	✓	✓	✓
motA Q88DC2	✓	✓	✓
motB Q88DC3	✓	✓	✓
pcaY Q88JK6	✓	✓	✓
PP_4332 Q88EX0	✓	✓	✗
PP_4335 Q88EW7	✓	✓	✗
PP_4336 Q88EW6	✓	✓	✗
tar P07017	✓	✓	✗

Tree

Chemoreceptor-to-flagellar-motor signalingSignaling Pathwaybacterial_chemotaxis_signal_transduction

Parts
1. 1. chemical stimulus detection
2. Methyl-accepting chemotaxis receptor inputRegulatory Stepmcp_receptor_input
  
  Variants
  1. Chemoreceptor family realizers by PANTHER family of the transmembrane methyl-accepting chemoreceptor [Realizer] (One Or More)
    
    Enterobacterial-type chemoreceptor (Tar/Tsr/Tap/Trg)Regulatory Stepenterobacterial_type_receptor
    
    Annotons
    
    Tar-type chemoreceptor activity Family: enterobacterial-type methyl-accepting chemoreceptor family
    
    Pseudomonas-type chemoreceptor (McpS/PcaY)Regulatory Steppseudomonas_type_receptor
    
    Annotons
    
    Pseudomonas-type chemoreceptor activity Family: Pseudomonas TlpQ-type methyl-accepting chemoreceptor subfamily
3. 2. receptor methylation-dependent adaptation
4. CheR and CheB receptor adaptationRegulatory Stepreceptor_adaptation
  
  Annotons
  - CheR receptor methyltransferase activity Family: chemotaxis receptor methyltransferase CheR family
  - CheB receptor methylesterase activity Family: chemotaxis receptor methylesterase CheB family
5. 3. histidine-kinase phosphotransfer
6. CheW-coupled CheA autophosphorylation and phosphotransferReactionchea_phosphotransfer
  
  Annotons
  - CheA histidine kinase Family: chemotaxis CheA family
  - CheW receptor-array adaptor Family: chemotaxis coupling protein CheW family
7. 4. CheY response-regulator output
8. CheY phosphorylation stateRegulatory Stepchey_response_output
  
  Annotons
  - CheY response regulator Family: single-domain receiver response regulator family (CheY, Spo0A, plant ARRs)
9. 5. CheY-P signal reset
10. CheZ-dependent CheY-P dephosphorylationRegulatory Stepchez_signal_reset
  
  Annotons
  - CheZ phosphatase reset Family: CheY-P phosphatase CheZ family
11. 6. C-ring motor-switch response
12. FliG/FliM/FliN C-ring switchProtein Complexc_ring_motor_switch
  
  Annotons
  - Flagellar C-ring switch complex Protein Complex: bacterial flagellar C-ring switch complex
13. 7. ion-conducting stator input to motor rotation
14. Flagellar stator proton conductanceProtein Complexflagellar_stator_conductance
  
  Variants
  1. Flagellar stator realizers by stator subunit pair powering the flagellar motor [Realizer] (One Or More)
    
    MotAB statorProtein Complexmotab_stator
    
    Annotons
    
    MotAB flagellar stator complex Protein Complex: bacterial MotAB flagellar stator complex
    
    MotCD statorProtein Complexmotcd_stator
    
    Annotons
    
    MotCD flagellar stator complex Protein Complex: bacterial MotCD flagellar stator complex
15. 8. assembled flagellar motor output
16. Flagellum-dependent motility outputBiological Processflagellar_motor_rotation_output

Details

Context

BacteriaNCBITaxon:2

Chemoreceptor-to-flagellar-motor signalingSignaling Pathwaybacterial_chemotaxis_signal_transduction

chemotaxisGO:0006935

Context

BacteriaNCBITaxon:2

Connections

receptor_adaptation -> mcp_receptor_input Provides Input For

Receptor methylation state tunes stimulus-dependent signaling.

mcp_receptor_input -> chea_phosphotransfer Provides Input For

Ligand-dependent receptor state modulates CheA with stimulus-dependent sign.

chea_phosphotransfer -> chey_response_output Provides Input For

chea_phosphotransfer -> receptor_adaptation Positively Regulates

CheA-dependent phosphorylation activates the CheB receiver domain, increasing receptor methylesterase activity and closing the adaptation feedback loop.

chez_signal_reset -> chey_response_output Negatively Regulates

CheZ lowers the lifetime and abundance of phosphorylated CheY.

chey_response_output -> c_ring_motor_switch Causes

CheY-P binding at FliM changes C-ring conformation and rotational bias.

c_ring_motor_switch -> flagellar_motor_rotation_output Causes

C-ring conformation sets rotational direction and switching bias.

flagellar_stator_conductance -> flagellar_motor_rotation_output Causes

Ion conductance through occupied stators supplies torque for rotation.

Part 1: chemical stimulus detection

Methyl-accepting chemotaxis receptor inputRegulatory Stepmcp_receptor_input

Ligand-dependent receptor states modulate CheA; in E. coli and Pseudomonas, attractants generally decrease CheA activity, whereas repellents or ligand-free states can increase it.

Variant set: Chemoreceptor family realizers by PANTHER family of the transmembrane methyl-accepting chemoreceptor [Realizer] (One Or More)

Enterobacterial-type chemoreceptor (Tar/Tsr/Tap/Trg)Regulatory Stepenterobacterial_type_receptor

Annotons

Tar-type chemoreceptor activity

tar_type_receptor_activity

Participant: Family: enterobacterial-type methyl-accepting chemoreceptor family

Family:

enterobacterial-type methyl-accepting chemoreceptor familyPANTHER:PTHR43531

Representative Members: tar (ECOLI)UniProtKB:P07017

Function

transmembrane signaling receptor activityGO:0004888

Binds periplasmic chemoeffectors and controls the associated CheA signaling state across the membrane.

Pseudomonas-type chemoreceptor (McpS/PcaY)Regulatory Steppseudomonas_type_receptor

Annotons

Pseudomonas-type chemoreceptor activity

mcp_receptor_activity

Participant: Family: Pseudomonas TlpQ-type methyl-accepting chemoreceptor subfamily

Family:

Pseudomonas TlpQ-type methyl-accepting chemoreceptor subfamilyPANTHER:PTHR32089:SF120

Representative Members: mcpS (PSEPK)UniProtKB:Q88E10 pcaY (PSEPK)UniProtKB:Q88JK6

Function

transmembrane signaling receptor activityGO:0004888

Detects chemoeffectors with a periplasmic ligand-binding domain and controls the associated CheA signaling state.

Part 2: receptor methylation-dependent adaptation

CheR and CheB receptor adaptationRegulatory Stepreceptor_adaptation

Opposing receptor methylation and demethylation tune signaling sensitivity and permit adaptation to sustained stimuli.

Annotons

CheR receptor methyltransferase activity

cher_receptor_methylation

Participant: Family: chemotaxis receptor methyltransferase CheR family

Family:

chemotaxis receptor methyltransferase CheR familyPANTHER:PTHR24422

Representative Members: cheR (ECOLI)UniProtKB:P07364 cheR2 (PSEPK)UniProtKB:Q88ER1

Function

protein-glutamate O-methyltransferase activityGO:0008983

Methylates receptor glutamate residues during sensory adaptation.

CheB receptor methylesterase activity

cheb_receptor_demethylation

Participant: Family: chemotaxis receptor methylesterase CheB family

Family:

chemotaxis receptor methylesterase CheB familyPANTHER:PTHR42872

Representative Members: cheB (ECOLI)UniProtKB:P07330 cheB1 (PSEPK)UniProtKB:Q88EW5

Function

protein-glutamate methylesterase activityGO:0008984

Demethylates adapted receptors and deamidates designated receptor glutamines.

Part 3: histidine-kinase phosphotransfer

CheW-coupled CheA autophosphorylation and phosphotransferReactionchea_phosphotransfer

Free CheW adaptors and the CheW-like P5 domain of CheA couple receptor-state input to CheA autophosphorylation and phosphotransfer.

Annotons

CheA histidine kinase

chea_activity

Participant: Family: chemotaxis CheA family

Family:

chemotaxis CheA familyPANTHER:PTHR43395

Representative Members: cheA (ECOLI)UniProtKB:P07363 cheA (PSEPK)UniProtKB:Q88EW4

Function

protein histidine kinase activityGO:0004673

Autophosphorylates and transfers phosphoryl groups to CheY and CheB.

CheW receptor-array adaptor

chew_coupling_activity

Participant: Family: chemotaxis coupling protein CheW family

Family:

chemotaxis coupling protein CheW familyPANTHER:PTHR22617

Representative Members: cheW (ECOLI)UniProtKB:P0A964 PP_4332 (PSEPK)UniProtKB:Q88EX0

Function

molecular adaptor activityGO:0060090

Couples receptor arrays to CheA without catalyzing phosphotransfer.

Part 4: CheY response-regulator output

CheY phosphorylation stateRegulatory Stepchey_response_output

Annotons

CheY response regulator

chey_activity

Participant: Family: single-domain receiver response regulator family (CheY, Spo0A, plant ARRs)

Family:

single-domain receiver response regulator family (CheY, Spo0A, plant ARRs)PANTHER:PTHR43228

Representative Members: cheY (ECOLI)UniProtKB:P0AE67 cheY (PSEPK)UniProtKB:Q88EW2

Function

phosphorelay response regulator activityGO:0000156

Phosphorylated CheY binds the C-ring, principally through FliM, to alter rotation bias.

Part 5: CheY-P signal reset

CheZ-dependent CheY-P dephosphorylationRegulatory Stepchez_signal_reset

Annotons

CheZ phosphatase reset

chez_reset_activity

Participant: Family: CheY-P phosphatase CheZ family

Family:

CheY-P phosphatase CheZ familyPANTHER:PTHR43693

Representative Members: cheZ (ECOLI)UniProtKB:P0A9H9 cheZ (PSEPK)UniProtKB:Q88EW3

Function

phosphoprotein phosphatase activityGO:0004721

Accelerates CheY-P dephosphorylation to terminate and reset the switch signal.

Part 6: C-ring motor-switch response

FliG/FliM/FliN C-ring switchProtein Complexc_ring_motor_switch

Annotons

Flagellar C-ring switch complex

c_ring_switch_complex

Participant: Protein Complex: bacterial flagellar C-ring switch complex

Protein Complex:

bacterial flagellar C-ring switch complex

Active units:

FliM switch subunit

Participant: Family: FliM flagellar switch family

Family:

FliM flagellar switch familyPANTHER:PTHR30034:SF3

Representative Members: fliM (PSEPK)UniProtKB:Q88EU5

Role: Binds CheY-P and transmits the chemotaxis signal into the C-ring.

FliN switch subunit

Participant: Family: FliN flagellar switch family

Family:

FliN flagellar switch familyPANTHER:PTHR43484:SF1

Representative Members: fliN (PSEPK)UniProtKB:Q88EU6

Role: Supports C-ring assembly and switching.

FliG rotor/switch subunit

Participant: Family: flagellar motor switch FliG family

Family:

flagellar motor switch FliG familyPANTHER:PTHR30534

Representative Members: fliG (PSEPK)UniProtKB:Q88ET5

Role: Reorients its stator-facing surface during switching and transmits torque.

Function

structural molecule activityGO:0005198

Converts CheY-P binding at FliM into a change in C-ring conformation and rotation bias.

Part 7: ion-conducting stator input to motor rotation

Flagellar stator proton conductanceProtein Complexflagellar_stator_conductance

Every flagellated realization needs at least one stator type; KT2440 uses both the MotAB and the MotCD stator.

Variant set: Flagellar stator realizers by stator subunit pair powering the flagellar motor [Realizer] (One Or More)

MotAB statorProtein Complexmotab_stator

Annotons

MotAB flagellar stator complex

motab_stator_complex

Participant: Protein Complex: bacterial MotAB flagellar stator complex

Protein Complex:

bacterial MotAB flagellar stator complex

Active units:

MotA stator membrane subunit

Participant: Family: MotA flagellar stator subfamily

Family:

MotA flagellar stator subfamilyPANTHER:PTHR30433:SF4

Representative Members: motA (PSEPK)UniProtKB:Q88DC2

Role: Forms the membrane proton-conducting and FliG-contacting portion of the stator.

MotB stator anchor subunit

Participant: Family: MotB flagellar stator family

Family:

MotB flagellar stator familyPANTHER:PTHR30329

Representative Members: motB (PSEPK)UniProtKB:Q88DC3

Role: Anchors the stator to peptidoglycan and contributes the single-pass membrane channel component.

Function

proton transmembrane transporter activityGO:0015078

Conducts protons and supplies energy for torque generation by the assembled motor.

MotCD statorProtein Complexmotcd_stator

Context

PseudomonasNCBITaxon:286

Annotons

MotCD flagellar stator complex

motcd_stator_complex

Participant: Protein Complex: bacterial MotCD flagellar stator complex

Protein Complex:

bacterial MotCD flagellar stator complex

Active units:

MotC stator membrane subunit

Participant: Family: MotC-like flagellar stator family

Family:

MotC-like flagellar stator familyPANTHER:PTHR30433:SF3

Representative Members: PP_4336 (PSEPK)UniProtKB:Q88EW6

Role: Forms the membrane proton-conducting portion of the alternative stator.

MotD stator anchor subunit

Participant: Family: MotD-like flagellar stator anchor family

Family:

MotD-like flagellar stator anchor familyPANTHER:PTHR30329:SF20

Representative Members: PP_4335 (PSEPK)UniProtKB:Q88EW7

Role: Anchors the alternative stator to peptidoglycan and contributes its membrane component.

Function

proton transmembrane transporter activityGO:0015078

Provides an alternative proton-driven stator with a distinct contribution to KT2440 motility under semisolid conditions.

Part 8: assembled flagellar motor output

Flagellum-dependent motility outputBiological Processflagellar_motor_rotation_output

Stator ion conductance supplies torque while the C-ring switch sets rotational bias; neither is modeled as causally upstream of the other.

bacterial-type flagellum-dependent cell motilityGO:0071973