Catechol ortho-cleavage branch of the beta-ketoadipate pathway

A reusable bacterial aromatic-catabolism module for the catechol ortho-cleavage branch that converts catechol to beta-ketoadipate enol-lactone. The branch begins with intradiol cleavage of catechol to cis,cis-muconate by a CatA-like catechol 1,2-dioxygenase, followed by CatB-like muconate cycloisomerase and CatC-like muconolactone delta-isomerase steps. In Pseudomonas putida KT2440, CatA-I/PP_3713 and CatA-II/PP_3166 provide paralogous catechol 1,2-dioxygenase exemplars, CatB/PP_3715 supplies the muconate cycloisomerase step, and CatC/PP_3714 supplies the isomerase step. The module starts at catechol, the output of upstream aromatic upper pathways such as BenABCD benzoate degradation, and stops before the shared lower beta-ketoadipate reactions that convert the enol-lactone toward central metabolism.

MODULE:catechol_ortho_cleavageDRAFTCONCRETEMetabolic Pathwaymodules/catechol_ortho_cleavage.yaml
catechol catabolic process, ortho-cleavageGO:0019615
GO:0019615
catechol catabolic process, ortho-cleavage
GO:0019615 provides the process-level boundary for the catechol ortho-cleavage branch modeled here.
UniPathway:UPA00157
beta-ketoadipate pathway
UniPathway places CatA and CatC in the catechol-derived beta-ketoadipate route, with the catechol branch represented as three steps from catechol to the beta-ketoadipate enol-lactone intermediate.
KEGG:ppu00361
Pseudomonas putida KT2440 chlorocyclohexane and chlorobenzene degradation
The local PSEPK pathway partition assigns CatA-I, CatA-II, and CatB to KEGG ppu00361, but the biochemical interpretation is catechol ortho-cleavage rather than a complete chlorinated-aromatic degradation module.
KEGG:ppu00362
Pseudomonas putida KT2440 benzoate degradation
CatC is pulled from neighboring benzoate/aromatic-catabolism memberships because it is required downstream of CatB in the catechol branch, even though it is not a primary ppu00361 bucket gene.
file:modules/catechol_ortho_cleavage-deep-research-openscientist.md
OpenScientist module research for catechol ortho-cleavage
OpenScientist retrieval supports the three-enzyme CatA to CatB to CatC boundary, the start at catechol, the stop before shared lower beta-ketoadipate reactions, and the separation of chlorocatechol modified ortho-cleavage as a distinct neighboring module.
file:projects/P_PUTIDA/deep-research/PSEPK__catechol_ortho_cleavage__ppu00361-deep-research-openscientist.md
OpenScientist PSEPK pathway research for ppu00361 catechol ortho-cleavage
The PSEPK-specific retrieval concluded that the KT2440 catechol ortho-cleavage branch is fully satisfiable once CatC/PP_3714 is included; its omission from the ppu00361 candidate bucket is a KEGG map-partitioning artifact, not a biological pathway gap.
PMID:2449420
Transcriptional regulation, nucleotide sequence, and localization of the promoter of the catBC operon in Pseudomonas putida.
Classical P. putida catBC work identifies catB and catC as encoding cis,cis-muconate lactonizing enzyme I and muconolactone isomerase, respectively, required for benzoate dissimilation to beta-ketoadipate.
file:PSEPK/catA/catA-ai-review.yaml
Curated catA-I review
The catA review supports catechol 1,2-dioxygenase activity for CatA-I/PP_3713 and records CatA-II/PP_3166 as a KT2440 paralog.
file:PSEPK/catA-II/catA-II-ai-review.yaml
Curated catA-II review
The catA-II review supports the same catechol 1,2-dioxygenase activity for the ben locus-associated PP_3166 paralog.
file:PSEPK/catA-II/catA-II-deep-research-openscientist.md
OpenScientist gene research for catA-II
OpenScientist confirmed Q88I35/PP_3166 as a catechol 1,2-dioxygenase paralog embedded in the benzoate uptake/oxidation gene island and distinguished it from the CatA-I/PP_3713 cat-operon paralog.
file:PSEPK/catB/catB-ai-review.yaml
Curated catB review
The catB review accepts muconate cycloisomerase activity and removes propagated peptide/amino-acid and chloromuconate annotations that are not supported for the KT2440 CatB enzyme.
file:PSEPK/catC/catC-ai-review.yaml
Curated catC review
The catC review accepts muconolactone delta-isomerase activity and places CatC downstream of CatA and CatB in the catechol branch.

First-pass PSEPK interpretation: ppu00361 contributes CatA-I, CatA-II, and CatB, but its KEGG map label is broader than the native KT2440 module. The reusable module is the catechol ortho-cleavage branch: CatA converts catechol to cis,cis-muconate, CatB converts cis,cis-muconate to muconolactone, and CatC converts muconolactone to beta-ketoadipate enol-lactone. CatC is included despite being assigned to neighboring ppu00362/ppu01220 buckets because it is required for a complete catechol branch. Downstream enol-lactone hydrolase, CoA-transferase, and thiolase steps are shared beta-ketoadipate lower-pathway chemistry and should be modeled separately. OpenScientist module-level and PSEPK-specific retrieval both support this boundary and flag the ppu00361 chlorinated-aromatic label as an over-broad database-map framing for KT2440.

4Nodes
3Parts
0Variant Sets
0Variants
3Annotons
2Connections

Derived QC

Recommended-field compliance

100.0% recommended fields populated

All recommended fields populated.

Module deep research

✓ present

  • catechol_ortho_cleavage-deep-research-openscientist.md (openscientist)

Leaf nodes lacking representative members

every leaf node grounds to a representative protein.

Template conformance

every declared conforms_to bundle matches its template motif.

Reaction chaining (advisory)

every PRECEDES step chains, or its break is acknowledged via chaining_status.

  • cata_ring_cleavage → catb_lactonization [NOT_CHECKED]
  • catb_lactonization → catc_isomerization [NOT_CHECKED]

Gene-review completeness (4/4 grounded genes reviewed)

4 complete review(s) · 4 with deep research · 0 missing review · 0 reviewed but lacking deep research

Gene Review Complete Deep research
catA Q88GK8
catA-II Q88I35
catB Q88GK6
catC Q88GK7

Details

Context
bacteriaNCBITaxon:2
cytosolGO:0005829
Catechol ortho-cleavage branchMetabolic Pathwaycatechol_ortho_cleavage
catechol catabolic process, ortho-cleavageGO:0019615
Context
bacteriaNCBITaxon:2
cytosolGO:0005829

Connections

The CatA product cis,cis-muconate is the substrate for CatB.
The CatB product muconolactone is the substrate for CatC.
Part 1: catechol intradiol ring cleavage
CatA catechol 1,2-dioxygenationReactioncata_ring_cleavage

CatA-like intradiol dioxygenases cleave catechol between the two hydroxylated carbons, incorporating both atoms of dioxygen and forming cis,cis-muconate.

Annotons

Catechol 1,2-dioxygenase
cata_activity
Participant: Family: catechol 1,2-dioxygenase family
Family:
catechol 1,2-dioxygenase familyNCBIfam:TIGR02439 CatA-like proteobacterial intradiol ring-cleavage dioxygenases with a non-heme Fe(III) active site.
Representative Members: PSEPK catA-I exemplarUniProtKB:Q88GK8 PSEPK catA-II exemplarUniProtKB:Q88I35

Function

catechol 1,2-dioxygenase activityGO:0018576
Substrates: catechol dioxygen
Products: cis,cis-muconate hydrogen ion
Cofactors: ferric ironGO:0008199

Processes

catechol catabolic process, ortho-cleavageGO:0019615

Locations

cytosolGO:0005829

First committed catechol-branch step; KT2440 carries a cat regulon copy (CatA-I) and a ben locus-associated paralog (CatA-II).

Part 2: cis,cis-muconate lactonization
CatB muconate cycloisomerizationReactioncatb_lactonization

CatB-like enzymes cycloisomerize cis,cis-muconate to muconolactone, the second reaction of the catechol branch.

Annotons

Muconate cycloisomerase
catb_activity
Participant: Family: muconate cycloisomerase family
Family:
muconate cycloisomerase familyNCBIfam:TIGR02534 CatB-like muconate lactonizing enzymes of the mandelate racemase/muconate lactonizing enzyme superfamily.
Representative Members: PSEPK catB exemplarUniProtKB:Q88GK6

Function

muconate cycloisomerase activityGO:0018849
Substrates: cis,cis-muconate
Products: (+)-muconolactone
Cofactors: manganese ionGO:0030145

Processes

catechol catabolic process, ortho-cleavageGO:0019615

Locations

cytosolGO:0005829

Converts the CatA product to muconolactone; distinct from chloromuconate cycloisomerase/dehalogenating routes.

Part 3: muconolactone isomerization
CatC muconolactone delta-isomerizationReactioncatc_isomerization

CatC-like enzymes isomerize muconolactone to the beta-ketoadipate enol-lactone intermediate, completing the catechol ortho-cleavage branch before the shared lower beta-ketoadipate reactions.

Annotons

Muconolactone delta-isomerase
catc_activity
Participant: Family: muconolactone delta-isomerase family
Family:
muconolactone delta-isomerase familyNCBIfam:TIGR03221 CatC-like muconolactone delta-isomerases of the bacterial catechol branch.
Representative Members: PSEPK catC exemplarUniProtKB:Q88GK7

Function

muconolactone delta-isomerase activityGO:0016159
Substrates: (+)-muconolactone
Products: beta-ketoadipate enol-lactone

Processes

catechol catabolic process, ortho-cleavageGO:0019615

Locations

cytosolGO:0005829

Completes the three-step catechol branch by producing the enol-lactone substrate for the shared lower beta-ketoadipate module.