Cardiolipin is the signature phospholipid of the inner mitochondrial membrane, where it supports respiratory chain complexes and cristae structure. It is made in mitochondria from CDP-diacylglycerol: Pgs1 forms phosphatidylglycerol phosphate, the phosphatase Ptpmt1 dephosphorylates it to phosphatidylglycerol, and cardiolipin synthase (Cls) joins phosphatidylglycerol with a second CDP-diacylglycerol to make nascent cardiolipin. Nascent cardiolipin is then remodelled: a lipase removes an acyl chain to form monolysocardiolipin, and the transacylase tafazzin (Taz) transfers an acyl chain from another phospholipid to monolysocardiolipin, giving cardiolipin its mature acyl composition. ABHD18 deacylates cardiolipin in flies and mice, and the calcium-independent phospholipase A2 iPLA2-VIA has also been implicated in cardiolipin deacylation. Loss of tafazzin causes monolysocardiolipin to accumulate and models Barth syndrome in flies.
Boundary. The module covers the six FlyBase members. CDP-diacylglycerol synthesis (CdsA) is upstream context. No GO molecular function term specifically describes tafazzin transacylase activity or ABHD18 cardiolipin deacylase activity, so these are left unassigned. FlyBase groups realized by this module: CARLIPB (FBgg0002238). Participants were generated from the FlyBase gene-group membership and mapped to UniProtKB by projects/FLYBASE_GENE_GROUPS/generate_modules.py from module_specs/dmel_cardiolipin_biosynthesis_remodeling.yaml. None of the member genes has a gene review in this repository yet.
All recommended fields populated.
✗ none found
No MODULE:dmel_cardiolipin_biosynthesis_remodeling deep-research report alongside the module YAML.
✓ every leaf node grounds to a representative protein.
✓ every declared conforms_to bundle matches its template motif.
✓ every PRECEDES step chains, or its break is acknowledged via chaining_status.
0 gene-function check(s) reflected in core functions · 0 conflict(s) · 4 evidence or coverage gap(s) (4 comparison(s))
Retained noncore functions are reported separately; they do not require promotion to core functions. Support from representative genes does not establish conservation across the whole family. Missing reviews or identifiers leave a claim unverified.
| Annoton | Participant | Function | Assessment |
|---|---|---|---|
| pgp_synthesis_pgs1 | Pgs1 UniProtKB:Q7KSC9 Gene |
CDP-diacylglycerol-glycerol-3-phosphate 3-phosphatidyltransferase activity GO:0008444 |
Review Missing
No ai-review exists for this protein; its function and core-function coverage cannot yet be checked. |
| pgp_dephosphorylation_ptpmt1 | Ptpmt1 UniProtKB:Q86BN8 Gene |
phosphatidylglycerophosphatase activity GO:0008962 |
Review Missing
No ai-review exists for this protein; its function and core-function coverage cannot yet be checked. |
| cardiolipin_synthesis_cls | Cls UniProtKB:Q8MZC4 Gene |
cardiolipin synthase (CMP-forming) activity GO:0043337 |
Review Missing
No ai-review exists for this protein; its function and core-function coverage cannot yet be checked. |
| cardiolipin_deacylation_ipla2_via | iPLA2-VIA UniProtKB:Q7KUD4 Gene |
A2-type glycerophospholipase activity GO:0004623 |
Review Missing
No ai-review exists for this protein; its function and core-function coverage cannot yet be checked. |
0 complete review(s) · 0 with deep research · 6 missing review · 0 reviewed but lacking deep research
| Gene | Review | Complete | Deep research |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pgs1 Q7KSC9 | ✗ | — | — |
| iPLA2-VIA Q7KUD4 | ✗ | — | — |
| Ptpmt1 Q86BN8 | ✗ | — | — |
| Abhd18 Q8IQI5 | ✗ | — | — |
| Cls Q8MZC4 | ✗ | — | — |
| Taz Q9V6G5 | ✗ | — | — |
Mitochondrial cardiolipin synthesis (Pgs1, Ptpmt1, Cls) followed by deacylation-reacylation remodelling (Abhd18, iPLA2-VIA, Taz).
Abhd18 hydrolyses acyl chains from cardiolipin (its loss raises cardiolipin and lowers deacylated species in tafazzin-deficient flies); iPLA2-VIA is a calcium-independent A2 phospholipase also implicated in cardiolipin deacylation.
Tafazzin transfers an acyl chain from another phospholipid to monolysocardiolipin.