Insulin receptor signaling pathway module

A compact insulin receptor signaling module. Insulin binding activates the receptor tyrosine kinase INSR, which autophosphorylates and phosphorylates IRS adaptors. IRS phosphotyrosines recruit PI3K and route the signal into PIP3-AKT signaling, controlling FOXO-dependent transcription, glucose uptake, glycogen metabolism, growth, and survival. The module is grounded in GO:0008286 and uses PAINT PTN anchors for the insulin receptor and AKT-family signaling roles where local IBD seed rows support them.

MODULE:insulin_receptor_signalingDRAFTSignaling Pathwaymodules/insulin_receptor_signaling.yaml
insulin receptor signaling pathwayGO:0008286
GO:0008286
insulin receptor signaling pathway
The module is grounded in the GO biological process term for insulin receptor signaling.
4Nodes
3Parts
0Variant Sets
0Variants
5Annotons
2Connections

Derived QC

Recommended-field compliance

100.0% recommended fields populated

All recommended fields populated.

Module deep research

✗ none found

No MODULE:insulin_receptor_signaling deep-research report alongside the module YAML.

Leaf nodes lacking representative members

✓ every leaf node grounds to a representative protein.

Template conformance

✓ every declared conforms_to bundle matches its template motif.

Function consistency and core coverage

1 gene-function check(s) reflected in core functions · 0 conflict(s) · 2 evidence or coverage gap(s) (4 comparison(s))

Retained noncore functions are reported separately; they do not require promotion to core functions. Support from representative genes does not establish conservation across the whole family. Missing reviews or identifiers leave a claim unverified.

AnnotonParticipantFunctionAssessment
insulin_receptor INSR
UniProtKB:P06213
Family Representative 		insulin receptor activity
GO:0005009 		Review Missing
No ai-review exists for this protein; its function and core-function coverage cannot yet be checked.
akt_effector AKT2
UniProtKB:P31751
Family Representative 		protein serine/threonine kinase activity
GO:0004674 		Core Supported
The GO molecular function is reflected in core_functions (exact term or a reviewed subclass).
insulin_receptor insulin receptor / receptor tyrosine kinase family
PANTHER:PTHR24416
Family 		insulin receptor activity
GO:0005009 		Family Scope Restricted
GO:0004714 requires member-level assessment of residue site kinase_catalytic_triad; a family identifier does not establish that condition. Within the DDR clade the activity follows the kinase catalytic triad, which is kept everywhere except the dipteran Ddr node PTN002400510: Drosophila Ddr (Ala789, Ser897, Ser910) and Anopheles DDR fail the site and are predicted pseudokinases (not assayed). The PTN001230349 node assessment records the matching IKR recommendation. RESIDUE_DETERMINED means the term is true wherever the triad is intact; it is not the most specific term for vertebrate DDR1 and DDR2, whose reviews refine it to GO:0038062.
akt_effector AKT/PKB serine-threonine kinases
PANTHER:PTHR24351
Family 		protein serine/threonine kinase activity
GO:0004674 		Family Supported
Family review supports GO:0004674 FAMILY_WIDE. Every characterized member of PTHR24351 is an active protein serine/threonine kinase, and the catalytic core (catalytic_core site) is conserved across the family. No pseudokinase is documented among the family or among the seeds of node PTN008614469, so this molecular-function term is safe for all members that retain the catalytic residues -- which the target does.

Gene-review completeness (3/5 grounded genes reviewed)

0 complete review(s) · 2 with deep research · 2 missing review · 1 reviewed but lacking deep research

Gene Review Complete Deep research
AKT2 P31751 ✓ 88/92 ✗
FOXO1 Q12778 ✓ 146/148 ✓
INSR P06213 ✗ — —
IRS1 P35568 ✗ — —
PIK3R1 P27986 ✓ 413/415 ✓

Details

Context
metazoaNCBITaxon:33208
plasma membraneGO:0005886 cytosolGO:0005829 nucleusGO:0005634
Insulin receptor signaling pathwaySignaling Pathwayinsulin_receptor_signaling
insulin receptor signaling pathwayGO:0008286
Context
metazoaNCBITaxon:33208
plasma membraneGO:0005886 cytosolGO:0005829 nucleusGO:0005634

Connections

INSR phosphorylates IRS adaptors.
PI3K recruitment and PIP3 production activate AKT-dependent output.
Part 1: insulin receptor activation
Insulin-bound receptor tyrosine kinase activationReactioninsulin_receptor_activation

Insulin binding stabilizes the active receptor dimer, enabling activation-loop autophosphorylation and phosphorylation of adaptor substrates.

Annotons

Insulin receptor kinase
insulin_receptor
Participant: Family: insulin receptor / receptor tyrosine kinase family
Family:
insulin receptor / receptor tyrosine kinase familyPANTHER:PTHR24416
Representative Members: INSRUniProtKB:P06213

Function

insulin receptor activityGO:0005009

Processes

insulin receptor signaling pathwayGO:0008286

Ligand-activated receptor tyrosine kinase at the head of the pathway.

Part 2: IRS docking and PI3K recruitment
IRS phosphotyrosine docking recruits PI3KRegulatory Stepirs_pi3k_recruitment

IRS proteins are phosphorylated by INSR and provide SH2 docking sites for PI3K regulatory subunits, routing the signal into the PI3K-AKT arm.

Annotons

IRS adaptor
irs_adaptor
Participant: Gene Product: IRS1
Gene Product:
IRS1UniProtKB:P35568

Receptor-phosphorylated adaptor that recruits SH2-domain effectors.

PI3K p85 regulatory subunit
pi3k_regulatory_subunit
Participant: Gene Product: PIK3R1
Gene Product:
PIK3R1UniProtKB:P27986

SH2-domain regulatory subunit that links IRS phosphotyrosines to PI3K activation.

Part 3: AKT and FOXO output
AKT activation and FOXO inhibitionRegulatory Stepakt_foxo_output

PI3K-generated PIP3 activates AKT, which phosphorylates FOXO transcription factors and other metabolic/growth substrates.

Annotons

AKT effector kinase
akt_effector
Participant: Family: AKT/PKB serine-threonine kinases
Family:
AKT/PKB serine-threonine kinasesPANTHER:PTHR24351
Representative Members: AKT2UniProtKB:P31751

Function

protein serine/threonine kinase activityGO:0004674
Targets: FOXO transcription factors

Major kinase output linking insulin receptor activation to metabolism and growth.

FOXO transcriptional effector
foxo_output
Participant: Family: FOXO transcription factors
Family:
FOXO transcription factorsPANTHER:PTHR45767
Representative Members: FOXO1UniProtKB:Q12778

Locations

nucleusGO:0005634

AKT-regulated transcription factor family controlling fasting and stress-response genes.