Function
Processes
Supplies iminoaspartate to quinolinate synthase.
A reusable, scope-limited route set for organisms that use the L-aspartate de novo pathway and/or selected nicotinate, nicotinamide, and NMN salvage alternatives. Every realization is end-to-end: NaMN made by L-aspartate de novo synthesis, PncB, or PncC must pass through deamido-NAD to NAD+, whereas NMN made by NAMPT must be adenylylated directly to NAD+. Alternative adenylyltransferase families and NAD synthetase nitrogen donors are modeled as variants. This is not a universal NAD+ biosynthesis hub: de novo synthesis through L-tryptophan and the kynurenine pathway is owned by the existing MODULE:kynurenine_nad_de_novo module and is not duplicated here. Nicotinate degradation, pyridine-nucleotide transhydrogenases, NAD kinase and NADP formation, NAD-consuming reactions, and unrelated aldehyde metabolism are outside the boundary.
The root requires one or more complete route classes; no empty realization is valid. All NaMN-producing alternatives are connected only to required NaMN adenylylation and deamido-NAD amidation, and NAMPT-produced NMN is connected only to required direct NMN adenylylation. PncA and PncC remain distinct: PncA deamidates nicotinamide to nicotinate, whereas PncC deamidates NMN to NaMN. The module deliberately ends at NAD+ and excludes kynurenine-route duplication, NADP formation, and NAD+ consumption. The KT2440-specific PP_3298 gap below is realization-level curation metadata; it neither changes the reusable route logic nor adds an obligatory family.
references[0] · findings
(0/1)references[1] · findings
(0/1)references[2] · findings
(0/1)✓ present
✓ every leaf node grounds to a representative protein.
✓ every declared conforms_to bundle matches its template motif.
11 gene-function check(s) reflected in core functions · 0 conflict(s) · 16 evidence or coverage gap(s) (34 comparison(s))
Retained noncore functions are reported separately; they do not require promotion to core functions. Support from representative genes does not establish conservation across the whole family. Missing reviews or identifiers leave a claim unverified.
| Annoton | Participant | Function | Assessment |
|---|---|---|---|
| nadb_activity | Escherichia coli NadB UniProtKB:P10902 Family Representative |
L-aspartate oxidase activity GO:0008734 |
Review Missing
No ai-review exists for this protein; its function and core-function coverage cannot yet be checked. |
| nadb_activity | Pseudomonas putida KT2440 NadB UniProtKB:Q88MZ2 Family Representative |
L-aspartate oxidase activity GO:0008734 |
Core Supported
The GO molecular function is reflected in core_functions (exact term or a reviewed subclass). |
| nada_activity | Escherichia coli NadA UniProtKB:P11458 Family Representative |
quinolinate synthetase A activity GO:0008987 |
Review Missing
No ai-review exists for this protein; its function and core-function coverage cannot yet be checked. |
| nada_activity | Pseudomonas putida KT2440 NadA UniProtKB:Q88NH8 Family Representative |
quinolinate synthetase A activity GO:0008987 |
Core Supported
The GO molecular function is reflected in core_functions (exact term or a reviewed subclass). |
| nadc_activity | Escherichia coli NadC UniProtKB:P30011 Family Representative |
nicotinate-nucleotide diphosphorylase (carboxylating) activity GO:0004514 |
Review Missing
No ai-review exists for this protein; its function and core-function coverage cannot yet be checked. |
| nadc_activity | Pseudomonas putida KT2440 NadC UniProtKB:Q88PR1 Family Representative |
nicotinate-nucleotide diphosphorylase (carboxylating) activity GO:0004514 |
Core Supported
The GO molecular function is reflected in core_functions (exact term or a reviewed subclass). |
| pncb_direct_activity | Escherichia coli PncB UniProtKB:P18133 Family Representative |
nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase activity GO:0004516 |
Review Missing
No ai-review exists for this protein; its function and core-function coverage cannot yet be checked. |
| pncb_direct_activity | Pseudomonas putida KT2440 PncB UniProtKB:Q88DF7 Family Representative |
nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase activity GO:0004516 |
Core Supported
The GO molecular function is reflected in core_functions (exact term or a reviewed subclass). |
| pnca_activity | Escherichia coli PncA UniProtKB:P21369 Family Representative |
nicotinamidase activity GO:0008936 |
Review Missing
No ai-review exists for this protein; its function and core-function coverage cannot yet be checked. |
| pncb_after_pnca_activity | Escherichia coli PncB UniProtKB:P18133 Family Representative |
nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase activity GO:0004516 |
Review Missing
No ai-review exists for this protein; its function and core-function coverage cannot yet be checked. |
| pncb_after_pnca_activity | Pseudomonas putida KT2440 PncB UniProtKB:Q88DF7 Family Representative |
nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase activity GO:0004516 |
Core Supported
The GO molecular function is reflected in core_functions (exact term or a reviewed subclass). |
| pncc_activity | Escherichia coli PncC UniProtKB:P0A6G3 Family Representative |
nicotinamide-nucleotide amidase activity GO:0019159 |
Review Missing
No ai-review exists for this protein; its function and core-function coverage cannot yet be checked. |
| pncc_activity | Pseudomonas putida KT2440 PncC UniProtKB:Q88ME5 Family Representative |
nicotinamide-nucleotide amidase activity GO:0019159 |
Core Supported
The GO molecular function is reflected in core_functions (exact term or a reviewed subclass). |
| nadd_activity | Escherichia coli NadD UniProtKB:P0A752 Family Representative |
nicotinate-nucleotide adenylyltransferase activity GO:0004515 |
Review Missing
No ai-review exists for this protein; its function and core-function coverage cannot yet be checked. |
| nadd_activity | Bacillus subtilis NadD UniProtKB:P54455 Family Representative |
nicotinate-nucleotide adenylyltransferase activity GO:0004515 |
Review Missing
No ai-review exists for this protein; its function and core-function coverage cannot yet be checked. |
| nadd_activity | Pseudomonas putida KT2440 NadD UniProtKB:Q88DL5 Family Representative |
nicotinate-nucleotide adenylyltransferase activity GO:0004515 |
Core Supported
The GO molecular function is reflected in core_functions (exact term or a reviewed subclass). |
| nmnat_namn_activity | Human NMNAT1 UniProtKB:Q9HAN9 Family Representative |
nicotinate-nucleotide adenylyltransferase activity GO:0004515 |
Core Supported
The GO molecular function is reflected in core_functions (exact term or a reviewed subclass). |
| ammonia_nade_activity | Escherichia coli NadE UniProtKB:P18843 Family Representative |
NAD+ synthase activity GO:0008795 |
Review Missing
No ai-review exists for this protein; its function and core-function coverage cannot yet be checked. |
| ammonia_nade_activity | Pseudomonas putida KT2440 NadE UniProtKB:Q88DF6 Family Representative |
NAD+ synthase activity GO:0008795 |
Core Supported
The GO molecular function is reflected in core_functions (exact term or a reviewed subclass). |
| glutamine_nadsyn_activity | ORTHOLOG_OF Gene |
NAD+ synthase (glutamine-hydrolyzing) activity GO:0003952 |
Participant Unchecked
No direct UniProt participant to compare. Abstract selectors and complex-wide activities cannot be inferred from donor or subunit gene reviews. |
| nampt_activity | Human NAMPT UniProtKB:P43490 Family Representative |
nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase activity GO:0047280 |
Core Supported
The GO molecular function is reflected in core_functions (exact term or a reviewed subclass). |
| nmnat_nmn_activity | Human NMNAT1 UniProtKB:Q9HAN9 Family Representative |
nicotinamide-nucleotide adenylyltransferase activity GO:0000309 |
Core Supported
The GO molecular function is reflected in core_functions (exact term or a reviewed subclass). |
| nadb_activity | L-aspartate oxidase family PANTHER:PTHR42716 Family |
L-aspartate oxidase activity GO:0008734 |
Family Review Missing
No supported structured family review is available for PANTHER:PTHR42716. |
| nada_activity | quinolinate synthase A family PANTHER:PTHR30573 Family |
quinolinate synthetase A activity GO:0008987 |
Family Review Missing
No supported structured family review is available for PANTHER:PTHR30573. |
| nadc_activity | quinolinate phosphoribosyltransferase family PANTHER:PTHR32179 Family |
nicotinate-nucleotide diphosphorylase (carboxylating) activity GO:0004514 |
Family Scope Restricted
GO:0004514 is SUBFAMILY_ONLY; this family grounding does not establish the allowed subfamily scope. SF3; three modules (nad_de_novo_and_salvage_fungal, nad_biosynthesis_salvage, kynurenine_nad_de_novo) select the base family, which also takes in ModD. |
| pncb_direct_activity | nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase family PANTHER:PTHR11098 Family |
nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase activity GO:0004516 |
Family Supported
Family review supports GO:0004516 FAMILY_WIDE. Asserted by nad_de_novo_and_salvage_fungal and nad_biosynthesis_salvage; accepted by P. putida PncB, NPT1, SPAC1486.06 and NAPRT. |
| pnca_activity | nicotinamidase family PANTHER:PTHR11080 Family |
nicotinamidase activity GO:0008936 |
Family Supported
Family review supports GO:0008936 FAMILY_WIDE. Asserted by nad_de_novo_and_salvage_fungal and nad_biosynthesis_salvage; accepted by PNC1 and pnc1. |
| pncb_after_pnca_activity | nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase family PANTHER:PTHR11098 Family |
nicotinate phosphoribosyltransferase activity GO:0004516 |
Family Supported
Family review supports GO:0004516 FAMILY_WIDE. Asserted by nad_de_novo_and_salvage_fungal and nad_biosynthesis_salvage; accepted by P. putida PncB, NPT1, SPAC1486.06 and NAPRT. |
| pncc_activity | PncC/CinA C-terminal NMN deamidase family Family |
nicotinamide-nucleotide amidase activity GO:0019159 |
Family Id Missing
The family has no identifier linking it to a curated family review. |
| nadd_activity | bacterial NadD family PANTHER:PTHR39321 Family |
nicotinate-nucleotide adenylyltransferase activity GO:0004515 |
Family Review Missing
No supported structured family review is available for PANTHER:PTHR39321. |
| nmnat_namn_activity | eukaryotic NMN adenylyltransferase family PANTHER:PTHR12039 Family |
nicotinate-nucleotide adenylyltransferase activity GO:0004515 |
Family Supported
Family review supports GO:0004515 FAMILY_WIDE. Accepted by every reviewed member. |
| ammonia_nade_activity | ammonia-dependent NAD synthetase subfamily PANTHER:PTHR23090:SF7 Family |
NAD+ synthase activity GO:0008795 |
Family Supported
Family review supports GO:0008795 FAMILY_WIDE. The NAD+ synthase reaction is shared; nad_biosynthesis_salvage selects SF7 for ammonia-dependent NadE. |
| nampt_activity | nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase family PANTHER:PTHR43816 Family |
nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase activity GO:0047280 |
Family Review Missing
No supported structured family review is available for PANTHER:PTHR43816. |
| nmnat_nmn_activity | eukaryotic NMN adenylyltransferase family PANTHER:PTHR12039 Family |
nicotinamide-nucleotide adenylyltransferase activity GO:0000309 |
Family Supported
Family review supports GO:0000309 FAMILY_WIDE. Asserted by nad_de_novo_and_salvage_fungal and nad_biosynthesis_salvage; accepted by every reviewed member. |
10 complete review(s) · 7 with deep research · 9 missing review · 3 reviewed but lacking deep research
| Gene | Review | Complete | Deep research |
|---|---|---|---|
| nadA Q88NH8 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| nadB Q88MZ2 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| nadC Q88PR1 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| nadD Q88DL5 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| nadE Q88DF6 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| NADSYN1 Q6IA69 | ✓ | ✓ | ✗ |
| NAMPT P43490 | ✓ | ✓ | ✗ |
| NMNAT1 Q9HAN9 | ✓ | ✓ | ✗ |
| Escherichia coli PncC P0A6G3 | ✗ | — | — |
| Escherichia coli NadD P0A752 | ✗ | — | — |
| Escherichia coli NadB P10902 | ✗ | — | — |
| Escherichia coli NadA P11458 | ✗ | — | — |
| Escherichia coli PncB P18133 | ✗ | — | — |
| Escherichia coli NadE P18843 | ✗ | — | — |
| Escherichia coli PncA P21369 | ✗ | — | — |
| Escherichia coli NadC P30011 | ✗ | — | — |
| Bacillus subtilis NadD P54455 | ✗ | — | — |
| pncB Q88DF7 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| pncC Q88ME5 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
At least one complete route class must be selected. Neither class contains an empty or optional completion path.
A complete realization selects one or more NaMN-producing alternatives and must then convert NaMN through deamido-NAD to NAD+.
Each alternative in this node ends in nicotinate D-ribonucleotide (NaMN). The selected alternative must therefore continue through NaMN adenylylation and deamido-NAD amidation rather than through direct NMN completion.
The conserved bacterial route oxidizes L-aspartate to iminoaspartate, condenses that unstable intermediate with glycerone phosphate to form quinolinate, and phosphoribosylates quinolinate to NaMN.
Supplies iminoaspartate to quinolinate synthase.
Produces quinolinate for phosphoribosylation.
Produces NaMN, the entry to shared completion.
Converts available nicotinate directly to NaMN.
Makes nicotinate available to PncB.
Converts PncA-derived nicotinate to NaMN.
Routes NMN into the shared NaMN completion branch.
A complete amidated salvage realization preserves the nicotinamide amide in NMN and requires direct NMN adenylylation to NAD+.
Preserves the amide while producing NMN for direct completion.
NMN adenylyltransferase preserves the carboxamide and converts NMN directly to NAD+, bypassing deamido-NAD and NAD synthetase.
Completes amidated NMN salvage without a separate amidation step.