OpgH-associated periplasmic glucan synthesis and processing

OpgH membrane glucosyltransferases support synthesis of beta-glucan backbones in characterized OpgGH-dependent systems. The required native chemical contribution of OpgG remains unresolved. Particular realizations additionally need OpgI or a compatible ACP-dependent membrane system. Periplasmic processing includes E. coli OpgD hydrolysis and Xanthomonas OpgD alpha-1,6 cyclization, which are distinct reactions within the same protein subfamily. Caulobacter OpgH provides a comparative homolog whose native product chemistry remains unresolved.

MODULE:osmoregulated_periplasmic_glucan_biosynthesisCOMPLETECONCRETEBiological Processmodules/osmoregulated_periplasmic_glucan_biosynthesis.yaml
osmoregulated periplasmic glucan biosynthetic processGO:1900727
PMID:7934824
Gene-specific work assigns OpgH to the membrane glucosyltransferase system while OpgG is a required periplasmic component with unresolved native chemistry.
MdoH, whose presence was shown to be necessary for normal glucosyl transferase activity
PMID:9171419
The E. coli membrane-system ACP requirement differs from acyl transfer: the prosthetic group is dispensable and tested ACPs differ in compatibility.
the phosphopantetheine prosthetic group is not required for membrane-derived oligosaccharide biosynthesis
PMID:1827116
The assayed membrane system needs UDP-glucose and ACP, with polyprenyl-phosphate effects. It does not establish an obligatory polyprenyl-P-glucose intermediate.
the endogenous pool of polyprenyl-P-glucose cannot be an obligate intermediate
PMID:15175282
OpgD affects native OPG chain lengths; its loss does not abolish all OPG production.
mdoD resulted in production of OPGs with a higher degree of polymerization
PMID:37735577
OpgG has measured intrinsic hydrolysis, but its native required reaction remains unresolved.
EcOpgG was found to hydrolyze β-1,2-glucans; however, the catalytic velocity was very low
PMID:38957137
Xanthomonas OpgD cyclizes a linear beta-1,2 substrate by forming an alpha-1,6 closure; it is not assigned the E. coli hydrolytic reaction.
anomer-inverting transglycosylation mechanism
PMID:12027885
The 2.4.1 OpgGIH system needs OpgI in addition to OpgG and OpgH. The molecular work done by OpgI remains unknown.
Inactivation of opgG, opgI or opgH abolished OPG production
PMID:39145657
Caulobacter OpgH is an informative homolog with glycosyltransferase and morphology evidence but unresolved OPG product chemistry.
we were unable to detect OPGs using these methods
PMID:26265506
OPG backbone synthesis includes OpgGH-dependent and Ndv/Chv/Cgs-dependent systems; product cyclicity alone does not identify the biosynthetic mechanism.
either the opgGH operon
PMID:39976643
OpgG and OpgD have different native genetic phenotypes; chain-length control is separable from loss of OPG synthesis.
A ΔopgD strain produces OPG with main chains longer than those of a wild-type strain.
PMID:2945202
Purified ACP substitutes for the soluble factor and antibody inhibition is reversed by added ACP, supporting direct cofactor participation in the membrane glucan reaction.
Antibody raised against pure ACP completely inhibits transglucosylation activity
PMID:3479786
The OPG-system function persists after removal of phosphopantetheine, so it is distinct from ACP-mediated acyl transfer.
nor by complete removal of the phosphopantetheine residue

The required H/G pair describes the OpgGH-associated backbone mechanism, not a sufficient two-gene recipe for a native final product. OpgI and ACP are optional at the generic node but obligatory in their documented conditional systems. Native endpoint checks must enforce those conditions and compatible same-organism partners. The family classifier cannot distinguish SF3 hydrolysis from cyclization, nor does SF5 identify an experimentally proven OPG product in Caulobacter. The separate source-scoped capacity evaluation must enforce actual activity evidence. The Caulobacter comparator cannot satisfy a native OpgGH-product endpoint. Rhodobacter 2.4.1 gene perturbations and WS8 product NMR are distinct experiments. Cyclic products do not imply the Ndv/Chv/Cgs route, which is outside this OpgH-associated mechanism. The module does not equate failed product detection with absence, infer OpgH-alone sufficiency, assign OpgG branching, or make OpgH/FtsZ moonlighting a synthesis requirement. All eleven representative gene reviews are complete. The scoped evaluator distinguishes native-process evidence, supplied-substrate chemistry and qualified inference; it does not infer arbitrary proteome capacity from family labels.

10Nodes
7Parts
1Variant Sets
2Variants
8Annotons
0Connections

Derived QC

Recommended-field compliance

100.0% recommended fields populated

All recommended fields populated.

Module deep research

✓ present

  • osmoregulated_periplasmic_glucan_biosynthesis-deep-research-openscientist.md (openscientist)

Leaf nodes lacking representative members

✓ every leaf node grounds to a representative protein.

Template conformance

✓ every declared conforms_to bundle matches its template motif.

Function consistency and core coverage

5 gene-function check(s) reflected in core functions · 0 conflict(s) · 5 evidence or coverage gap(s) (10 comparison(s))

Retained noncore functions are reported separately; they do not require promotion to core functions. Support from representative genes does not establish conservation across the whole family. Missing reviews or identifiers leave a claim unverified.

AnnotonParticipantFunctionAssessment
opgH_glucosyltransferase opgH (ECOLI)
UniProtKB:P62517
Family Representative
glucosyltransferase activity
GO:0046527
Core Supported
The GO molecular function is reflected in core_functions (exact term or a reviewed subclass).
opgH_glucosyltransferase opgH (PSEPK)
UniProtKB:Q88D04
Family Representative
glucosyltransferase activity
GO:0046527
Core Supported
The GO molecular function is reflected in core_functions (exact term or a reviewed subclass).
opgH_glucosyltransferase opgH (CERS4)
UniProtKB:Q9FA52
Family Representative
glucosyltransferase activity
GO:0046527
Core Supported
The GO molecular function is reflected in core_functions (exact term or a reviewed subclass).
ecoli_opgD_hydrolysis opgD (ECOLI)
UniProtKB:P40120
Family Representative
glucan endo-1,2-beta-glucosidase activity
GO:0033913
Core Supported
The GO molecular function is reflected in core_functions (exact term or a reviewed subclass).
xcc_opgD_cyclization opgD (XANCP)
UniProtKB:Q8P3C6
Family Representative
alpha-1,6-cyclized beta-1,2-glucohexadecaose synthase activity
No function ID
No Function Id
A gene review exists, but this function lacks a GO identifier. Free-text chemistry is not automatically compared.
caulobacter_opgH_comparator opgH (CAUVN)
UniProtKB:B8GX72
Family Representative
glucosyltransferase activity
GO:0046527
Core Supported
The GO molecular function is reflected in core_functions (exact term or a reviewed subclass).
opgH_glucosyltransferase OpgH-family membrane glucosyltransferases
PANTHER:PTHR43867:SF5
Family
glucosyltransferase activity
GO:0046527
Family Function Unreviewed
The family review has no applicable adjudication supporting or excluding GO:0046527.
ecoli_opgD_hydrolysis Hydrolytically characterized OpgD-like proteins within GH186
PANTHER:PTHR30504:SF3
Family
glucan endo-1,2-beta-glucosidase activity
GO:0033913
Family Function Unreviewed
Family review leaves GO:0033913 UNRESOLVED. Member-level hydrolysis is established for E. coli P40120 and P33136, and inferred for KT2440 Q88D03 with a documented sequence bridge. Neither the whole family nor all SF3 can receive this activity: Q8P3C6 has characterized cyclizing transfer chemistry. SF4-wide activity is not established merely by the E. coli assay. UNRESOLVED describes the family-wide grant, not doubt that the measured E. coli activity exists. No unvalidated single-residue classifier is asserted.
xcc_opgD_cyclization Cyclizing OpgD-like proteins within GH186
PANTHER:PTHR30504:SF3
Family
alpha-1,6-cyclized beta-1,2-glucohexadecaose synthase activity
No function ID
No Function Id
The family function has no GO identifier for comparison; prose is not matched.
caulobacter_opgH_comparator Caulobacter OpgH homologs
PANTHER:PTHR43867:SF5
Family
glucosyltransferase activity
GO:0046527
Family Function Unreviewed
The family review has no applicable adjudication supporting or excluding GO:0046527.

Gene-review completeness (11/11 grounded genes reviewed)

8 complete review(s) · 2 with deep research · 0 missing review · 9 reviewed but lacking deep research

Gene Review Complete Deep research
acpP P0A6A8 ✓ 28/29 ✗
opgD P40120 ✓ ✓ ✗
opgD Q8P3C6 ✓ ✓ ✗
opgG P33136 ✓ ✓ ✗
opgG Q88D03 ✓ ✓ ✓
opgG Q9FA54 ✓ ✓ ✗
opgH B8GX72 ✓ 2/3 ✗
opgH P62517 ✓ ✓ ✗
opgH Q88D04 ✓ ✓ ✓
opgH Q9FA52 ✓ ✓ ✗
opgI Q3J1N3 ✓ 0/0 ✗

Details

Context
PseudomonadotaNCBITaxon:1224
compatible OpgH/OpgG realization and substrate supply

Mechanism sampled in alpha- and gammaproteobacterial lineages, not a claim of universal presence in this phylum or of absence elsewhere.

OpgH-associated periplasmic glucan synthesis and processingBiological Processosmoregulated_periplasmic_glucan_biosynthesis
osmoregulated periplasmic glucan biosynthetic processGO:1900727
Context
PseudomonadotaNCBITaxon:1224
compatible OpgH/OpgG realization and substrate supply

Mechanism sampled in alpha- and gammaproteobacterial lineages, not a claim of universal presence in this phylum or of absence elsewhere.

Part: OpgH-dependent membrane glucosyl transfer
PMID:7934824
Gene-specific work assigns OpgH to the membrane glucosyltransferase system while OpgG is a required periplasmic component with unresolved native chemistry.
MdoH, whose presence was shown to be necessary for normal glucosyl transferase activity
PMID:1827116
The assayed membrane system needs UDP-glucose and ACP, with polyprenyl-phosphate effects. It does not establish an obligatory polyprenyl-P-glucose intermediate.
the endogenous pool of polyprenyl-P-glucose cannot be an obligate intermediate
OpgH-dependent membrane glucosyl transferReactionopgH_opg_glucosyltransferase_step

Membrane-system and genetic evidence support the activity; the protein alone is not an autonomous whole-pathway reconstruction.

Annotons

OpgH-dependent glucosyl transfer
opgH_glucosyltransferase
Participant: Family: OpgH-family membrane glucosyltransferases
Family:
OpgH-family membrane glucosyltransferasesPANTHER:PTHR43867:SF5
Representative Members: opgH (ECOLI)UniProtKB:P62517 opgH (PSEPK)UniProtKB:Q88D04 opgH (CERS4)UniProtKB:Q9FA52
Family grounding describes evolutionary membership. Exact reaction, partner compatibility and native pathway endpoints require the independently reviewed evidence; membership alone is insufficient.

Function

glucosyltransferase activityGO:0046527
Substrates: UDP-glucose compatible glucan acceptor in a functioning membrane system
Products: elongated beta-glucan backbone UDP

Processes

osmoregulated periplasmic glucan biosynthetic processGO:1900727

Locations

plasma membraneGO:0005886
Part: compatible OpgG biosynthetic contribution
PMID:7934824
Gene-specific work assigns OpgH to the membrane glucosyltransferase system while OpgG is a required periplasmic component with unresolved native chemistry.
MdoH, whose presence was shown to be necessary for normal glucosyl transferase activity
PMID:37735577
OpgG has measured intrinsic hydrolysis, but its native required reaction remains unresolved.
EcOpgG was found to hydrolyze β-1,2-glucans; however, the catalytic velocity was very low
PMID:12027885
The 2.4.1 OpgGIH system needs OpgI in addition to OpgG and OpgH. The molecular work done by OpgI remains unknown.
Inactivation of opgG, opgI or opgH abolished OPG production
OpgG-dependent contribution; native chemistry unresolvedBiological ProcessopgG_periplasmic_glucan_biosynthesis_step

OpgG is required in the characterized OpgGH/OpgGIH systems. Measured weak hydrolysis in E. coli is recorded in the individual review; it is not imposed as the native required reaction or transferred to every GH186 member.

Variant set: Characterized or qualified inferred OpgG implementations by compatible biosynthetic contribution [Realizer] (One Or More)
Enterobacterial/Pseudomonas OpgGBiological ProcessopgG_sf4_implementation

Annotons

OpgG participation with unresolved native chemistry
opgG_glucan_biosynthesis_factor
Participant: Family: Enterobacterial and Pseudomonas OpgG group
Family:
Enterobacterial and Pseudomonas OpgG groupPANTHER:PTHR30504:SF4
Representative Members: opgG (ECOLI)UniProtKB:P33136 opgG (PSEPK)UniProtKB:Q88D03
Family grounding describes evolutionary membership. Exact reaction, partner compatibility and native pathway endpoints require the independently reviewed evidence; membership alone is insufficient.

Processes

osmoregulated periplasmic glucan biosynthetic processGO:1900727

Locations

outer membrane-bounded periplasmic spaceGO:0030288
Rhodobacter OpgGBiological ProcessopgG_cers4_implementation

Annotons

Rhodobacter OpgG participation
rhodobacter_opgG_factor
Participant: Family: Rhodobacter OpgG within the mixed OpgD-labelled subfamily
Family:
Rhodobacter OpgG within the mixed OpgD-labelled subfamilyPANTHER:PTHR30504:SF3
Representative Members: opgG (CERS4)UniProtKB:Q9FA54
Family grounding describes evolutionary membership. Exact reaction, partner compatibility and native pathway endpoints require the independently reviewed evidence; membership alone is insufficient.

Processes

osmoregulated periplasmic glucan biosynthetic processGO:1900727

Locations

outer membrane-bounded periplasmic spaceGO:0030288
Part: conditional Rhodobacter OpgI requirement (optional)
PMID:12027885
The 2.4.1 OpgGIH system needs OpgI in addition to OpgG and OpgH. The molecular work done by OpgI remains unknown.
Inactivation of opgG, opgI or opgH abolished OPG production
conditional Rhodobacter OpgI requirementBiological Processrhodobacter_opgI_dependency

Required in the tested 2.4.1 implementation. Biochemical role and any general family boundary remain unresolved.

Annotons

Rhodobacter OpgI dependency with unresolved molecular role
opgI_conditional_dependency
Participant: Family: OpgI accessory proteins; evolutionary family boundary not established
Family:
OpgI accessory proteins; evolutionary family boundary not established
Representative Members: opgI (CERS4)UniProtKB:Q3J1N3
Family grounding describes evolutionary membership. Exact reaction, partner compatibility and native pathway endpoints require the independently reviewed evidence; membership alone is insufficient.

The corrected 66-residue protein is required by nonpolar disruption/rescue experiments. This is a system dependency, not a new assertion of catalytic or ACP-like activity. No PANTHER family identifier is established.

Part: conditional compatible ACP requirement (optional)
PMID:9171419
The E. coli membrane-system ACP requirement differs from acyl transfer: the prosthetic group is dispensable and tested ACPs differ in compatibility.
the phosphopantetheine prosthetic group is not required for membrane-derived oligosaccharide biosynthesis
PMID:1827116
The assayed membrane system needs UDP-glucose and ACP, with polyprenyl-phosphate effects. It does not establish an obligatory polyprenyl-P-glucose intermediate.
the endogenous pool of polyprenyl-P-glucose cannot be an obligate intermediate
PMID:2945202
Purified ACP substitutes for the soluble factor and antibody inhibition is reversed by added ACP, supporting direct cofactor participation in the membrane glucan reaction.
Antibody raised against pure ACP completely inhibits transglucosylation activity
PMID:3479786
The OPG-system function persists after removal of phosphopantetheine, so it is distinct from ACP-mediated acyl transfer.
nor by complete removal of the phosphopantetheine residue
conditional compatible ACP requirementBiological Processecoli_acp_dependency

Documented for the E. coli membrane system; prosthetic-group-independent and not interchangeable with every ACP homolog.

Annotons

Compatible ACP in the E. coli membrane glucosyltransferase system
ecoli_acp_compatible_factor
Participant: Family: Acyl carrier proteins with experimentally established OPG-system compatibility
Family:
Acyl carrier proteins with experimentally established OPG-system compatibilityPANTHER:PTHR20863:SF76
Representative Members: acpP (ECOLI)UniProtKB:P0A6A8
Family grounding describes evolutionary membership. Exact reaction, partner compatibility and native pathway endpoints require the independently reviewed evidence; membership alone is insufficient.

Processes

osmoregulated periplasmic glucan biosynthetic processGO:1900727

A biochemically demonstrated system component; this role does not require the phosphopantetheine group used in acyl transfer. An arbitrary ACP homolog is not a compatible replacement, and the requirement is not generalized to every OpgH-containing organism.

Part: optional hydrolytic chain-length control (optional)
PMID:15175282
OpgD affects native OPG chain lengths; its loss does not abolish all OPG production.
mdoD resulted in production of OPGs with a higher degree of polymerization
PMID:37735577
Purified E. coli OpgD directly hydrolyzes beta-1,2-glucans; this intrinsic reaction is distinct from the inferred native chain-length mechanism.
EcOpgD exhibited hydrolytic activity toward β-1,2-glucans
optional hydrolytic chain-length controlReactionopgD_hydrolysis_step

Direct intrinsic hydrolysis is distinct from the inferred native trimming mechanism. OpgD deletion still permits OPG production.

Annotons

E. coli OpgD beta-1,2-glucan hydrolysis
ecoli_opgD_hydrolysis
Participant: Family: Hydrolytically characterized OpgD-like proteins within GH186
Family:
Hydrolytically characterized OpgD-like proteins within GH186PANTHER:PTHR30504:SF3
Representative Members: opgD (ECOLI)UniProtKB:P40120
Family grounding describes evolutionary membership. Exact reaction, partner compatibility and native pathway endpoints require the independently reviewed evidence; membership alone is insufficient.

Function

glucan endo-1,2-beta-glucosidase activityGO:0033913
Substrates: linear beta-1,2-glucan water
Products: shorter beta-1,2-glucan chains

Processes

osmoregulated periplasmic glucan biosynthetic processGO:1900727

Locations

outer membrane-bounded periplasmic spaceGO:0030288
Part: alternative alpha-1,6 cyclizing reaction (optional)
PMID:38957137
Xanthomonas OpgD cyclizes a linear beta-1,2 substrate by forming an alpha-1,6 closure; it is not assigned the E. coli hydrolytic reaction.
anomer-inverting transglycosylation mechanism
alternative alpha-1,6 cyclizing reactionReactionopgD_cyclization_step

Purified XccOpgD alone converts supplied linear beta-1,2-glucan to the cyclic16 product. A complete native synthesis route is not established merely from that assay.

Annotons

Xanthomonas OpgD alpha-1,6 cyclization
xcc_opgD_cyclization
Participant: Family: Cyclizing OpgD-like proteins within GH186
Family:
Cyclizing OpgD-like proteins within GH186PANTHER:PTHR30504:SF3
Representative Members: opgD (XANCP)UniProtKB:Q8P3C6
Family grounding describes evolutionary membership. Exact reaction, partner compatibility and native pathway endpoints require the independently reviewed evidence; membership alone is insufficient.

Function

alpha-1,6-cyclized beta-1,2-glucohexadecaose synthase activity Specific activity proposed as a new molecular-function term in the Q8P3C6 review; no existing hydrolase or alpha-1,4 cyclase identifier is substituted.
Substrates: linear beta-1,2-glucan
Products: cyclic glucohexadecaose with fifteen beta-1,2 bonds and one alpha-1,6 closure

Processes

osmoregulated periplasmic glucan biosynthetic processGO:1900727

Locations

outer membrane-bounded periplasmic spaceGO:0030288
Part: OpgH-only comparative boundary (optional)
PMID:39145657
Caulobacter OpgH is an informative homolog with glycosyltransferase and morphology evidence but unresolved OPG product chemistry.
we were unable to detect OPGs using these methods
OpgH-only comparative boundaryBiological Processcaulobacter_product_boundary

A functionally informative homolog, not a demonstrated native OpgGH-product witness.

Annotons

Caulobacter OpgH homolog with unresolved native product
caulobacter_opgH_comparator
Participant: Family: Caulobacter OpgH homologs
Family:
Caulobacter OpgH homologsPANTHER:PTHR43867:SF5
Representative Members: opgH (CAUVN)UniProtKB:B8GX72
Family grounding describes evolutionary membership. Exact reaction, partner compatibility and native pathway endpoints require the independently reviewed evidence; membership alone is insufficient.

Function

glucosyltransferase activityGO:0046527

Locations

plasma membraneGO:0005886