Oxygenic photosynthesis module

A taxon-neutral decomposition of oxygenic photosynthesis as a recursively decomposable module. The module separates the thylakoid light reactions (light harvesting, water oxidation at photosystem II, the cytochrome b6f complex, photosystem I, mobile electron carriers, ferredoxin-NADP+ reductase, and the ATP synthase) from carbon fixation by the Calvin-Benson-Bassham reductive pentose-phosphate cycle, and adds optional photoprotection/electron balancing, the inorganic carbon-concentrating mechanism, and chlorophyll supply. It is phrased as functions, complexes, and pathway segments rather than a fixed gene list so it can represent cyanobacterial, algal, and plant implementations. Anoxygenic photosynthesis (single reaction center, non-water electron donors) is explicitly out of scope. The C4 and CAM carbon-concentrating shuttles are siblings rather than parts: each includes the Calvin-Benson-Bassham module by reference in its own right, C4 operating between two cell types and CAM separating the two carboxylations in time (MODULE:c4_carbon_shuttle, MODULE:cam_carbon_shuttle).

MODULE:oxygenic_photosynthesisDRAFTBiological Processmodules/photosynthesis.yaml
oxygenic photosynthesisGO:0015979
file:modules/photosynthesis-deep-research-falcon.md
Photosynthesis module deep research (falcon)
Module-targeted falcon deep research (generated from this module's outline) used to cross-check component coverage, variants, and failure modes. Machine-generated citations are not yet manually adjudicated.
file:terms/photosynthesis/photosynthesis-deep-research-falcon.md
Photosynthesis concept deep research (falcon)
Falcon deep-research synthesis used to set module boundaries and the module-by-module component breakdown across Arabidopsis, Synechocystis, and Chlamydomonas (core vs accessory vs regulatory factors).
file:terms/photosynthesis/photosynthesis-notes.md
Photosynthesis concept notes
Manually authored, GO- and PubMed-verified concept notes underpinning this module.
GO:0015979
photosynthesis
The module is grounded in the GO biological-process term for photosynthesis.
PMID:21499260
Crystal structure of oxygen-evolving photosystem II at a resolution of 1.9 Å.
Defines the PSII D1/D2 reaction center, CP43/CP47 inner antennae, and the Mn4CaO5 water-oxidation cluster stabilized by the extrinsic OEC proteins.
PMID:11418848
Three-dimensional structure of cyanobacterial photosystem I at 2.5 A resolution
Defines the PsaA/PsaB reaction-center heterodimer and the terminal Fe-S clusters carried by PsaC.
PMID:18294858
Structure and function of Rubisco
Supports Rubisco as the major carboxylating enzyme of the CBB cycle and its competing oxygenase side-reaction.
PMID:33761918
A new type of flexible CP12 protein in the marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana
Supports CP12 as a redox-controlled scaffold that forms a PRK-GAPDH-CP12 ternary complex regulating the CBB cycle.
PMID:37549282
NTRC regulates CP12 to activate Calvin-Benson cycle during cold acclimation
Supports redox (NTRC/thioredoxin)-dependent assembly/disassembly of the PRK-CP12-GAPDH supracomplex gating CBB-cycle activity.

Identifiers are grounded only where verified against the local GO term cache, GOlr, or UniProt; descriptors without a `term` are deliberate (no confident identifier yet) rather than oversights. Representative UniProt members are concrete orienting examples, not exhaustive or species-restricting claims.

11Nodes
5Parts
2Variant Sets
5Variants
8Annotons
2Connections

Derived QC

Recommended-field compliance

100.0% recommended fields populated

All recommended fields populated.

Module deep research

✓ present

  • photosynthesis-deep-research-falcon.md (falcon)

Leaf nodes lacking representative members

5 leaf node(s) with no concrete protein grounding:

Template conformance

✓ every declared conforms_to bundle matches its template motif.

Function consistency and core coverage

0 gene-function check(s) reflected in core functions · 0 conflict(s) · 4 evidence or coverage gap(s) (6 comparison(s))

Retained noncore functions are reported separately; they do not require promotion to core functions. Support from representative genes does not establish conservation across the whole family. Missing reviews or identifiers leave a claim unverified.

AnnotonParticipantFunctionAssessment
ccm_carbonic_anhydrase ANY_WITH_FUNCTION
Gene
carbonate dehydratase activity
GO:0004089
Participant Unchecked
No direct UniProt participant to compare. Abstract selectors and complex-wide activities cannot be inferred from donor or subunit gene reviews.
por_reduction ANY_WITH_FUNCTION
Gene
protochlorophyllide reductase activity
GO:0016630
Participant Unchecked
No direct UniProt participant to compare. Abstract selectors and complex-wide activities cannot be inferred from donor or subunit gene reviews.
npq_psbs_xanthophyll PsbS and xanthophyll-cycle enzymes (VDE/ZEP)
Family
heat dissipation of excess PSII excitation
No function ID
No Function Id
The family function has no GO identifier for comparison; prose is not matched.
state_transition_kinase state-transition kinase (STN7/Stt7) and TAP38/PPH1 phosphatase
Family
redox-controlled LHCII phosphorylation balancing PSII/PSI
No function ID
No Function Id
The family function has no GO identifier for comparison; prose is not matched.
cef_pgr5_ndh PGR5/PGRL1 and NDH(-1) complex
Family
cyclic electron transfer generating extra proton-motive force
No function ID
No Function Id
The family function has no GO identifier for comparison; prose is not matched.
mg_chelatase magnesium chelatase (CHLH/CHLD/CHLI)
Family
magnesium chelatase activity
No function ID
No Function Id
The family function has no GO identifier for comparison; prose is not matched.

Gene-review completeness (1/1 grounded genes reviewed)

1 complete review(s) · 1 with deep research · 0 missing review · 0 reviewed but lacking deep research

Gene Review Complete Deep research
LCI5 Q94ET8 ✓ ✓ ✓

Details

Context
cyanobacteriaNCBITaxon:1117 eukaryotic algae land plantsNCBITaxon:3193
photosynthetic membraneGO:0034357
Oxygenic photosynthesisBiological Processoxygenic_photosynthesis
oxygenic photosynthesisGO:0015979
Context
cyanobacteriaNCBITaxon:1117 eukaryotic algae land plantsNCBITaxon:3193
photosynthetic membraneGO:0034357

Concrete organism modules can specialize abstract participants with specific genes, complexes, compartments, and transporters (e.g. Synechocystis psbA/ psaA, Chlamydomonas pyrenoid CCM, Arabidopsis PsbS/RbcS) without the generic module naming every protein.

Connections

light_reactions -> carbon_fixation Provides Input For
The light reactions supply the ATP and NADPH consumed by the Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle.
The CCM raises CO2 around Rubisco, favoring carboxylation over oxygenation. It acts specifically on the carboxylation step (calvin_benson_bassham_cycle#rubisco_carboxylation); the connection names the including node because connection targets are scoped to this document.
Part 1: light reactions (electron transport and photophosphorylation)
Thylakoid light reactionslight_reactions

Included by reference to MODULE:thylakoid_light_reactions, which models light harvesting, water oxidation at photosystem II, the cytochrome b6f complex, the mobile carriers, photosystem I, ferredoxin-NADP+ reductase and the ATP synthase. Extracted from this module so each stays small enough to read; the decomposition is unchanged.

Realized by module thylakoid_light_reactions

photosynthesis, light reactionGO:0019684 photosynthetic electron transport chainGO:0009767
Part 2: carbon fixation (Calvin-Benson-Bassham cycle)
Calvin-Benson-Bassham reductive pentose-phosphate cyclecarbon_fixation

Included by reference to MODULE:calvin_benson_bassham_cycle, which models Rubisco carboxylation, the reduction and regeneration phases, Rubisco activase and the CP12 redox scaffold. Extracted from this module both to keep each small and because the cycle is not specific to oxygenic photosynthesis: anoxygenic phototrophs and chemoautotrophs run the same cycle.

Realized by module calvin_benson_bassham_cycle

reductive pentose-phosphate cycleGO:0019253 carbon fixationGO:0015977
Part 3: photoprotection and ATP/NADPH balancing (optional)
Photoprotection and electron/energy balancingRegulatory Stepphotoprotection_balancing

Mechanisms that dissipate excess excitation, redistribute antennae, and tune the ATP:NADPH ratio under fluctuating light.

Variant set: Photoprotection and balancing mechanisms by regulatory mechanism (Zero Or More)
Non-photochemical quenching (qE)Regulatory Stepnpq_variant

Annotons

PsbS- and xanthophyll-cycle-dependent quenching
npq_psbs_xanthophyll
Participant: Family: PsbS and xanthophyll-cycle enzymes (VDE/ZEP)
Family:
PsbS and xanthophyll-cycle enzymes (VDE/ZEP)

Function

heat dissipation of excess PSII excitation

Rapid, reversible thermal dissipation protecting PSII under high light.

State transitionsRegulatory Stepstate_transitions_variant

Annotons

STN7/Stt7-dependent LHCII redistribution
state_transition_kinase
Participant: Family: state-transition kinase (STN7/Stt7) and TAP38/PPH1 phosphatase
Family:
state-transition kinase (STN7/Stt7) and TAP38/PPH1 phosphatase

Function

redox-controlled LHCII phosphorylation balancing PSII/PSI

Rebalances excitation between the photosystems via antenna migration.

Cyclic electron flow around PSIRegulatory Stepcyclic_electron_flow_variant

Annotons

PGR5/PGRL1- and NDH-dependent cyclic electron flow
cef_pgr5_ndh
Participant: Family: PGR5/PGRL1 and NDH(-1) complex
Family:
PGR5/PGRL1 and NDH(-1) complex

Function

cyclic electron transfer generating extra proton-motive force

Raises ATP:NADPH and contributes to photoprotection.

Part 4: inorganic carbon-concentrating mechanism (CCM) (optional)
Carbon-concentrating mechanismRegulatory Stepcarbon_concentrating_mechanism

Active inorganic-carbon uptake and CO2 concentration around Rubisco to suppress the oxygenase reaction; prominent in cyanobacteria and algae.

Annotons

Carbonic anhydrase (CO2/HCO3- interconversion)
ccm_carbonic_anhydrase
Participant: Any With Function: carbonate dehydratase activity
Required Function:
carbonate dehydratase activityGO:0004089

Function

carbonate dehydratase activityGO:0004089
Substrates: bicarbonate
Products: CO2 water
Variant set: CCM compartmentation strategy by lineage / compartment (Exactly One)
Cyanobacterial carboxysome CCMCellular Componentcarboxysome_ccm

Annotons

Carboxysome microcompartment with encapsulated Rubisco/CA
carboxysome_unit
Participant: Family: carboxysome shell and cargo (Ccm/Cso)
Family:
carboxysome shell and cargo (Ccm/Cso)

Bacterial microcompartment concentrating CO2 around Rubisco.

Algal pyrenoid CCMCellular Componentpyrenoid_ccm

Annotons

Pyrenoid and bicarbonate transporter network
pyrenoid_unit
Participant: Family: pyrenoid CCM components (HLA3, LCIA, LCI1, LCIB, CAH3, CCM1/CIA5)
Family:
pyrenoid CCM components (HLA3, LCIA, LCI1, LCIB, CAH3, CCM1/CIA5)
Representative Members: Chlamydomonas LCI5 (low-CO2-inducible protein)UniProtKB:Q94ET8

Eukaryotic algal biophysical CCM organized around the pyrenoid.

Part 5: chlorophyll supply (supporting context) (optional)
Chlorophyll biosynthesis (supporting)Metabolic Pathwaypigment_biosynthesis

Supplies the chlorophyll cofactors required by antennae and reaction centers.

Annotons

Magnesium chelatase (committed step)
mg_chelatase
Participant: Family: magnesium chelatase (CHLH/CHLD/CHLI)
Family:
magnesium chelatase (CHLH/CHLD/CHLI)

Function

magnesium chelatase activity Inserts Mg2+ into protoporphyrin IX; committed step toward chlorophyll. No confident GO MF id asserted here.
Protochlorophyllide reductase
por_reduction
Participant: Any With Function: protochlorophyllide reductase activity
Required Function:
protochlorophyllide reductase activityGO:0016630

Function

protochlorophyllide reductase activityGO:0016630
Substrates: protochlorophyllide
Products: chlorophyllide