Purine ribonucleotides are catabolised to the excretory end-product uric acid through a converging network of dephosphorylation, deamination and phosphorolysis reactions. AMP is either deaminated to IMP by AMP deaminase (AMPD1/2/3) or dephosphorylated to adenosine by a 5'-nucleotidase — the cytosolic AMP-preferring NT5C1A or the GPI-anchored cell-surface ecto-5'-nucleotidase NT5E (CD73), whose extracellular adenosine is also a major purinergic signal. Adenosine is deaminated to inosine by adenosine deaminase (ADA). IMP and GMP are dephosphorylated to inosine and guanosine by the cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase NT5C2. Purine-nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) then removes the ribose from inosine, guanosine and their deoxy forms, giving hypoxanthine and guanine. Guanine is deaminated to xanthine by guanine deaminase (GDA), while hypoxanthine is oxidised to xanthine and xanthine to urate by xanthine dehydrogenase/oxidase (XDH). Defects across the pathway cause disease: ADA and PNP deficiencies cause severe combined / T-cell immunodeficiency, XDH deficiency causes xanthinuria, NT5E loss-of-function causes arterial calcification (ACDC), and activating NT5C2 mutations drive relapse in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.
All recommended fields populated.
✗ none found
No MODULE:purine_nucleotide_catabolism deep-research report alongside the module YAML.
✓ every leaf node grounds to a representative protein.
✓ every declared conforms_to bundle matches its template motif.
9 gene-function check(s) reflected in core functions · 0 conflict(s) · 7 evidence or coverage gap(s) (17 comparison(s))
Retained noncore functions are reported separately; they do not require promotion to core functions. Support from representative genes does not establish conservation across the whole family. Missing reviews or identifiers leave a claim unverified.
| Annoton | Participant | Function | Assessment |
|---|---|---|---|
| ampd_activity | AMPD2 (human) UniProtKB:Q01433 Family Representative |
AMP deaminase activity GO:0003876 |
Core Supported
The GO molecular function is reflected in core_functions (exact term or a reviewed subclass). |
| ampd_activity | AMPD3 (human; erythrocyte) UniProtKB:Q01432 Family Representative |
AMP deaminase activity GO:0003876 |
Core Supported
The GO molecular function is reflected in core_functions (exact term or a reviewed subclass). |
| nt5c1a_activity | NT5C1A (human) UniProtKB:Q9BXI3 Family Representative |
5'-nucleotidase activity GO:0008253 |
Core Supported
The GO molecular function is reflected in core_functions (exact term or a reviewed subclass). |
| nt5e_activity | NT5E / CD73 (human) UniProtKB:P21589 Family Representative |
5'-nucleotidase activity GO:0008253 |
Core Supported
The GO molecular function is reflected in core_functions (exact term or a reviewed subclass). |
| ada_activity | ADA (human) UniProtKB:P00813 Family Representative |
adenosine deaminase activity GO:0004000 |
Core Supported
The GO molecular function is reflected in core_functions (exact term or a reviewed subclass). |
| nt5c2_activity | NT5C2 (human) UniProtKB:P49902 Family Representative |
5'-nucleotidase activity GO:0008253 |
Core Supported
The GO molecular function is reflected in core_functions (exact term or a reviewed subclass). |
| pnp_activity | PNP (human) UniProtKB:P00491 Family Representative |
purine-nucleoside phosphorylase activity GO:0004731 |
Core Supported
The GO molecular function is reflected in core_functions (exact term or a reviewed subclass). |
| gda_activity | GDA (human) UniProtKB:Q9Y2T3 Family Representative |
guanine deaminase activity GO:0008892 |
Core Supported
The GO molecular function is reflected in core_functions (exact term or a reviewed subclass). |
| xdh_activity | XDH (human) UniProtKB:P47989 Family Representative |
xanthine dehydrogenase activity GO:0004854 |
Core Supported
The GO molecular function is reflected in core_functions (exact term or a reviewed subclass). |
| ampd_activity | AMPD / AMP deaminase family PANTHER:PTHR11359 Family |
AMP deaminase activity GO:0003876 |
Family Scope Restricted
GO:0003876 is SUBFAMILY_ONLY; this family grounding does not establish the allowed subfamily scope. The catalytic subfamilies, not SF7. Both modules select the base family. |
| nt5c1a_activity | NT5C1 / cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase 1 family PANTHER:PTHR31367 Family |
5'-nucleotidase activity GO:0008253 |
Family Review Missing
No supported structured family review is available for PANTHER:PTHR31367. |
| nt5e_activity | NT5E / 5'-nucleotidase (CD73) family PANTHER:PTHR11575 Family |
5'-nucleotidase activity GO:0008253 |
Family Review Missing
No supported structured family review is available for PANTHER:PTHR11575. |
| ada_activity | ADA / adenosine deaminase family PANTHER:PTHR11409 Family |
adenosine deaminase activity GO:0004000 |
Family Scope Restricted
GO:0004000 is SUBFAMILY_ONLY; this family grounding does not establish the allowed subfamily scope. ADA and ADA2 subfamilies; both modules select the base family, which also takes in ADAL/MAPDA. |
| nt5c2_activity | NT5C2 / cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase 2 family PANTHER:PTHR12103 Family |
5'-nucleotidase activity GO:0008253 |
Family Review Missing
No supported structured family review is available for PANTHER:PTHR12103. |
| pnp_activity | PNP / purine-nucleoside phosphorylase family PANTHER:PTHR11904 Family |
purine-nucleoside phosphorylase activity GO:0004731 |
Family Supported
Family review supports GO:0004731 FAMILY_WIDE. Asserted by nad_de_novo_and_salvage_fungal, purine_nucleotide_catabolism and purine_salvage_and_catabolism; accepted by PNP1, SPAC1805.16c and PNP. |
| gda_activity | GDA / guanine deaminase (amidohydrolase) family PANTHER:PTHR11271 Family |
guanine deaminase activity GO:0008892 |
Family Scope Restricted
GO:0008892 is SUBFAMILY_ONLY; this family grounding does not establish the allowed subfamily scope. SF6, as bacterial_purine_base_oxidation_to_urate and purine_salvage_and_catabolism select; purine_nucleotide_catabolism uses the base family, which also takes in HutF. |
| xdh_activity | XDH / xanthine oxidoreductase family Family |
xanthine dehydrogenase activity GO:0004854 |
Family Id Missing
The family has no identifier linking it to a curated family review. |
7 complete review(s) · 0 with deep research · 0 missing review · 9 reviewed but lacking deep research
| Gene | Review | Complete | Deep research |
|---|---|---|---|
| ADA P00813 | ✓ | 66/69 | ✗ |
| AMPD2 Q01433 | ✓ | ✓ | ✗ |
| AMPD3 Q01432 | ✓ | ✓ | ✗ |
| GDA Q9Y2T3 | ✓ | ✓ | ✗ |
| NT5C1A Q9BXI3 | ✓ | 35/37 | ✗ |
| NT5C2 P49902 | ✓ | ✓ | ✗ |
| NT5E P21589 | ✓ | ✓ | ✗ |
| PNP P00491 | ✓ | ✓ | ✗ |
| XDH P47989 | ✓ | ✓ | ✗ |
Purine nucleotide catabolism to urate (GO:0006195 -> GO:0034418), grounded to nine completed human gene reviews (four new: NT5C1A/NT5C2/NT5E/GDA; four already-merged cited as nodes: AMPD2/AMPD3 PTHR11359, ADA PTHR11409, PNP PTHR11904, XDH PTHR11908). Converging routes: AMP -> IMP (AMPD, GO:0003876) or AMP -> adenosine (cytosolic NT5C1A Q9BXI3 PTHR31367 / ecto NT5E-CD73 P21589 PTHR11575, both GO:0008253); adenosine -> inosine (ADA P00813, GO:0004000); IMP/GMP -> inosine/guanosine (NT5C2 P49902 PTHR12103, GO:0008253); inosine/guanosine -> hypoxanthine/guanine (PNP P00491, GO:0004731); guanine -> xanthine (GDA Q9Y2T3 PTHR11271, GO:0008892, Zn2+); hypoxanthine/xanthine -> urate (XDH P47989, GO:0004854). Most steps cytosolic; NT5E acts extracellularly (GPI-anchored, GO:0009897). Curation notes from the new reviews: NT5C1A GOA cites a transposed PMID:599155 (should be 7599155) -> UNDECIDED/WRONG_IDENTIFIER; NT5C2's single-paper E3-ligase/antiviral moonlighting flagged DISPUTED; GDA cypin/dendrite role kept non-core; the humans-lack-urate-oxidase allantoin annotations kept non-core (urate is the human end product). Diseases: ADA/PNP deficiency (immunodeficiency), XDH (xanthinuria), NT5E (ACDC arterial calcification), NT5C2 (ALL relapse; SPG45/65). GO term ids/labels verified against the local go.db; module passes structural + term-label validation.
Deaminate AMP to IMP.
Dephosphorylate AMP to adenosine in the cytosol.
Dephosphorylate extracellular AMP to adenosine.
Deaminate adenosine to inosine.
Dephosphorylate IMP/GMP to inosine/guanosine.
Phosphorolyse inosine/guanosine to hypoxanthine/guanine.
Deaminate guanine to xanthine.
Oxidise hypoxanthine to xanthine and xanthine to urate.