organism	gene	uniprot_id	category	retracted	pmids	text
DANRE	cpt2	Q5U3U3	contested-function	False		It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-2 is the initiator
DANRE	glceb	F1QR43	contested-function	False		It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-2 is the initiator
DANRE	pcif1	A0A0R4IKJ1	contested-function	False	30467178	The role of N(6),2'-O-dimethyladenosine cap (m6A(m)) on transcripts is unclear and subject to discussion. According to a report, m6A(m) promotes the translation of capped mRNAs (PubMed:30467178). However, another study did not observe a clear effect on mRNA translation, but reported an increased stability of a subset of m6A(m) transcripts (By similarity). According to a third report, m6A(m) inhibits mRNA translation without affecting mRNA stability (By similarity)
DANRE	tomt	A0A193KX02	contested-function	False		Despite its name, the zebrafish TOMT protein is not predicted to contain a transmembrane region in contrast to primate orthologs
POPTR	ycf15-A	A4GYV5	contested-function	False		Could be the product of a pseudogene
PSEPK	ttgA	Q88N30	contested-function	False		There are 4 nearly identical operons in various strains of P.putida. The ttgABC operon of strain DOT-T1E and the mepABC operon of strain KT2442-TOL function in solvent and antibiotic efflux; however in strain S12 the arpABC operon functions only in antibiotic efflux. This may be due to different protein expression levels. In KT2400 this operon does not seem to function in toluene efflux
PSEPK	ttgB	Q88N31	contested-function	False		There are 4 nearly identical operons in various strains of P.putida. The ttgABC operon of strain DOT-T1E and the mepABC operon of strain KT2442-TOL function in solvent and antibiotic efflux; however in strain S12 the arpABC operon functions only in antibiotic efflux. This may be due to different protein expression levels. In KT2400 this operon does not seem to function in toluene efflux
PSEPK	ttgC	Q88N32	contested-function	False		There are 4 nearly identical operons in various strains of P.putida. The ttgABC operon of strain DOT-T1E and the mepABC operon of strain KT2442-TOL function in solvent and antibiotic efflux; however in strain S12 the arpABC operon functions only in antibiotic efflux. This may be due to different protein expression levels. In KT2400 this operon does not seem to function in toluene efflux
human	ABCD3	P28288	contested-function	False	1301993;9539740	Mutation in ABCD3 have been found in two individuals affected by Zellweger syndrome (PubMed:1301993). Later studies, however, showed unambiguously that a PEX1 defect was the underlying cause of the defect in peroxisome biogenesis in these patients (PubMed:9539740)
human	ASAH2	Q9NR71	contested-function	False	10781606;15845354	Was proposed to be mitochondrial, based on experiments with an N-terminal GFP-tag (PubMed:10781606). The in vivo localization to the mitochondrion could not be confirmed (PubMed:15845354). However, it has been observed for the mouse (AC Q9JHE3) and rat (AC Q91XT9) orthologs
human	ATF2	P15336	contested-function	False	10821277	Appears to have histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activity, specifically towards histones H2B and H4 in vitro (PubMed:10821277). However, it is not clear if this activity is genuine or caused by contamination with other histone acetyltransferases in the assay
human	ATP6V0A2	Q9Y487	contested-function	False		The N-terminal peptide may increase IL1B secretion by peripheral blood monocytes; however as this region is probably in the cytosol, the in vivo relevance of this observation needs to be confirmed
human	BAIAP2	Q9UQB8	contested-function	False		It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-59 is the initiator
human	CPT1C	Q8TCG5	contested-function	False	12376098;30135643	In contrast to its paralogs, CPT1A and CPT1B, does not have, or at very low levels, carnitine O-palmitoyltransferase activity (EC:2.3.1.21) in vivo, being unable to catalyze the transfer of the acyl group of long-chain fatty acid-CoA conjugates onto carnitine. This is in agreement with its expression specific to neurons which is a cell-type that does not use fatty acids as fuel to any major extent and the fact that it locates to endoplasmic reticulum instead of mitochondria
human	DNAJC24	Q6P3W2	contested-function	False		It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-2 is the initiator
human	EDEM2	Q9BV94	contested-function	False	15537790;25092655	Has similarity to alpha 1,2-mannosidases, but the catalytic activity of this protein is controversial (PubMed:15537790, PubMed:25092655). One study shows that it is important for a specific oligosaccharide trimming step from Man9GlcNAc2 to Man8GlcNAc2, suggesting activity as a mannosidase (PubMed:25092655). However, another study reports that this protein has no mannosidase activity (PubMed:15537790)
human	FKBP8	Q14318	contested-function	False		It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-58 is the initiator
human	GPATCH11	Q8N954	contested-function	False		It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-27 is the initiator
human	HMGB1	P09429	contested-function	False		Inconsistent experimental results may reflect the use of inconsistently defined redox forms. A recombinant fully reduced form has been used in a number of experiments. However, the redox states of HMGB1 administered in vivo, may interconvert among each other. Purified HMGB1 by itself has only weak pro-inflammatory activity
human	IL13	P35225	contested-function	False		It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-15 is the initiator
human	IL21	Q9HBE4	contested-function	False		It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-8 is the initiator
human	IL4I1	Q96RQ9	contested-function	False	28891065;32818467;32866000	According to a report, acts as a negative regulator of T-cell activation independently of its enzymatic activity (PubMed:28891065). However, authors of this study only tested enzyme activity via phenylalanine (Phe) deprivation and not via tryptophan (Trp). As IL4I1 immunoregulator activity is mediated via Trp degradation and subsequent activation of the transcription factor AHR, additional experiments are required to confirm this statement (PubMed:32818467, PubMed:32866000)
human	ISCU	Q9H1K1	contested-function	False	16517407;16527810;23940031;34824239	[Isoform 1]: Previous publications report that ISCU could provide the architecture on which both [2Fe-2S] and [4Fe-4S] clusters could be assembled (PubMed:16517407, PubMed:16527810, PubMed:23940031). Recent reports confirm that only [2Fe-2S] clusters are formed by the core ISC assembly complex (PubMed:34824239)
human	KEAP1	Q14145	contested-function	False	16006525;17127771;18251510;24896564	The mechanism of inactivation of the BCR(KEAP1) complex by covalent modifications of reactive cysteines is unclear. Covalent modifications were initially thought to disrupt interaction between KEAP1 and NFE2L2/NRF2 (By similarity). Recent publications suggest that cysteine modifications disrupt the interaction between KEAP1 and CUL3 without affecting the interaction between KEAP1 and NFE2L2/NRF2 (PubMed:16006525, PubMed:17127771, PubMed:18251510, PubMed:24896564)
human	MAN1B1	Q9UKM7	contested-function	False		It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-37 is the initiator
human	NME2	P22392	contested-function	False	11121025;11694515;19435876	Originnally, in addition to its DNA binding activity, some reports shown that exhibited an intrinsic nuclease activity (PubMed:11121025, PubMed:11694515). Bound DNA within the nuclease hypersensitive element (NHE) III(1) region and cleaved the phosphodiester bond by transiently forming a covalent protein-DNA intermediate through a nucleophilic attack (PubMed:11121025). However, this nuclease activity has not been confirmed (PubMed:19435876)
human	PARK7	Q99497	contested-function	False	22523093;25416785;31653696	Glyoxalase activity has been reported (PubMed:22523093, PubMed:31653696). It may however reflect its deglycase activity (PubMed:25416785)
human	PEX13	Q92968	contested-function	False		It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-40 is the initiator
human	PPIB	P23284	contested-function	False		It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-9 is the initiator
human	SH3GLB1	Q9Y371	contested-function	False		It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-4 is the initiator
human	SLC40A1	Q9NP59	contested-function	False	22178646;24304836;29792530;30247984	Manganese Mn(2+) transport by SLC40A1 remains controversial. Some in vitro studies have suggested that SLC40A1 transports minimal amounts of Mn(2+) (PubMed:22178646, PubMed:30247984). Other groups have suggested that it does not (PubMed:24304836, PubMed:29792530). The affinity of SLC40A1 for Mn(2+) is extremely low compared with iron, implying that any SLC40A1-mediated Mn(2+) transport in vivo would likely be trivial (PubMed:24304836). A recent study examined the role of SLC40A1 in Mn(2+) homeostasis by using Tmprss6-O mice, which express high levels of hepcidin/HAMP and therefore have very low SLC40A1 levels in their tissues. These mice show frank iron deficiency and reduced iron levels in most tissues, but manganese levels are largely unaffected (By similarity). These studies suggest that manganese is propably not the physiological substrate of SLC40A1
human	STAT1	P42224	contested-function	False	27796300;29858569	Has been shown to be mono-ADP-ribosylated at Glu-657 and Glu- 705 by PARP14 which prevents phosphorylation at Tyr-701 (PubMed:27796300). However, the role of ADP-ribosylation in the prevention of phosphorylation has been called into question (PubMed:29858569). It has been suggested that the lack of phosphorylation may be due to sumoylation of Lys-703 (PubMed:29858569)
human	SYN2	Q92777	contested-function	False		There are several mRNAs and ESTs supporting this gene model. However, the genome sequence encoding the N-terminal part contains several sequence discrepancies
human	SYNGAP1	Q96PV0	contested-function	False		It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-16 is the initiator methionine
human	TPM3	P06753	contested-function	False		It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-2 is the initiator
human	UBAP1	Q9NZ09	contested-function	False	22405001;24284069	According to a report, can also be a component of ESCRT-I complexes containing VPS37B, VPS37C or VPS37D (PubMed:22405001). However, another publication showed that UBAP1 has specificity for complexes containing VPS37A and not VPS37 paralogs (PubMed:24284069)
human	UCHL1	P09936	contested-function	False	9774100;16450370	PubMed:9774100 reports the association of mutation Ile93Met with Parkinson disease. However, according to PubMed:16450370 this association is uncertain and UCHL1 is not a susceptibility gene for Parkinson disease
human	UCHL1	P09936	contested-function	False	12408865;23359680	The homodimer may have ATP-independent ubiquitin ligase activity (PubMed:12408865). However, in another study, UCHL1 was shown to lack ubiquitin ligase activity (PubMed:23359680)
human	VCP	P55072	contested-function	False	22020440;22120668	It is unclear how it participates in the recruitment of TP53BP1 at DNA damage sites. According to a first report, participates in the recruitment of TP53BP1 by promoting ubiquitination and removal of L3MBTL1 from DNA damage sites (PubMed:22120668). According to a second report, it acts by removing 'Lys-48'-linked ubiquitination from sites of DNA damage (PubMed:22020440)
mouse	Stat1	P42225	contested-function	False		Has been shown to be mono-ADP-ribosylated at Glu-657 and Glu- 705 by PARP14 which prevents phosphorylation at Tyr-701 (By similarity). However, the role of ADP-ribosylation in the prevention of phosphorylation has been called into question (By similarity). It has been suggested that the lack of phosphorylation may be due to sumoylation of Lys-703 (By similarity)
mouse	Trp53	P02340	contested-function	False		It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-4 is the initiator
worm	P54811	P54811	contested-function	False	18097415;18854144	The role of cdc-48.1 in the regulation of kinase air-2, a component of the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC), is controversial. One study suggests that cdc-48.1 inactivates air-2 at the end of mitosis whereas a second study shows that cdc-48.1 is not implicated in the regulation of air-2
worm	cdc-48	P54811	contested-function	False	18097415;18854144	The role of cdc-48.1 in the regulation of kinase air-2, a component of the chromosomal passenger complex (CPC), is controversial. One study suggests that cdc-48.1 inactivates air-2 at the end of mitosis whereas a second study shows that cdc-48.1 is not implicated in the regulation of air-2
yeast	TOR1	P35169	contested-function	False		It is uncertain whether Met-1 is the initiator
ARATH	TOC1	Q9LKL2	degenerate-domain	False		Lacks the phospho-accepting Asp (here Glu-71), present in the receiver domain, which is one of the conserved features of the two- component response regulators (ARRs) family
MISSI	psbN	A0A0S2RMA5	degenerate-domain	False		Originally thought to be a component of PSII; based on experiments in Synechocystis, N.tabacum and barley, and its absence from PSII in T.elongatus and T.vulcanus, this is probably not true
POPTR	psbN	A4GYT9	degenerate-domain	False		Originally thought to be a component of PSII; based on experiments in Synechocystis, N.tabacum and barley, and its absence from PSII in T.elongatus and T.vulcanus, this is probably not true
SACEN	eryCII	A4F7P2	degenerate-domain	False		Although related to the cytochrome P450 family, lacks the heme-binding sites
SCHPO	Epe1	O94603	degenerate-domain	False	16362057	In contrast to other JHDM1 histone demethylases, it lacks the iron catalytic His in position 370 which is replaced by a Tyr residue and has no histone demethylase activity in vitro (PubMed:16362057). It therefore may not be functional in vivo
SCHPO	cts2	Q9C105	degenerate-domain	False		Lacks the conserved Glu residue in position 166 essential for chitinase activity. Its enzyme activity is therefore unsure
SCHPO	spt16	O94267	degenerate-domain	False		Although related to the peptidase M24 family, this protein lacks conserved active site residues suggesting that it may lack peptidase activity
human	ABCF2	Q9UG63	degenerate-domain	False		Lacks transmembrane domains and is probably not involved in transport
human	ABRAXAS2	Q15018	degenerate-domain	False		Although strongly related to the ABRAXAS1 protein, lacks the C-terminal pSXXF that constitutes a specific recognition motif for the BRCT domain of BRCA1
human	ADAMTSL4	Q6UY14	degenerate-domain	False		Although similar to members of the ADAMTS family, it lacks the metalloprotease and disintegrin-like domains which are typical of that family
human	AKTIP	Q9H8T0	degenerate-domain	False		Lacks the conserved Cys residue necessary for ubiquitin- conjugating enzyme E2 activity
human	CSNK1D	P48730	degenerate-domain	False	20637175	Was shown to phosphorylate and activate DCK in vitro but probably not in vivo
human	PLD5	Q8N7P1	degenerate-domain	False		In contrast to other members of the family, it lacks the conserved active sites, suggesting that it has no phospholipase activity
human	RNF14	Q9UBS8	degenerate-domain	False		Lacks the His residue in the RING-type domain 2 that is one of the conserved features of the family
worm	lys-7	O16202	degenerate-domain	False		Lacks conserved active site residues, suggesting it has no catalytic activity
yeast	SPT16	P32558	degenerate-domain	False		Although related to the peptidase M24 family, this protein lacks conserved active site residues suggesting that it may lack peptidase activity
9INFA	M2	A0A1S7IWC7	lacks-conserved-residue	False		Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation
9POAL	NCGR_LOCUS10166	A0A811MX19	lacks-conserved-residue	False		Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation
9POAL	NCGR_LOCUS27674	A0A811PC48	lacks-conserved-residue	False		Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation
DESRO	K9IIP0	K9IIP0	lacks-conserved-residue	False		Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation
DESRO	K9IJK6	K9IJK6	lacks-conserved-residue	False		Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation
DESRO	K9IUF6	K9IUF6	lacks-conserved-residue	False		Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation
DESRO	K9IWX5	K9IWX5	lacks-conserved-residue	False		Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation
DORPE	TDO	A0A7G4RN94	lacks-conserved-residue	False		Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation
METEA	pckA	C5B045	lacks-conserved-residue	False		Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation
MISSI	atpH	A0A0S2RM82	lacks-conserved-residue	False		Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation
MISSI	d8	A0A0A0UMC1	lacks-conserved-residue	False		Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation
MISSI	ndhA	A0A0S2RMT7	lacks-conserved-residue	False		Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation
PSEPK	aroA	Q88M05	lacks-conserved-residue	False		Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation
PSEPK	aroE	Q88IJ7	lacks-conserved-residue	False		Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation
PSEPK	mexB	Q88HA4	lacks-conserved-residue	False		Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation
PSEPK	rpoH	Q7CCA6	lacks-conserved-residue	False		Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation
PSEPK	zwf	Q88C32	lacks-conserved-residue	False		Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation
RHOPA	nosZ	Q6N843	lacks-conserved-residue	False		Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation
worm	lrx-1	Q22179	lacks-conserved-residue	False		Lacks conserved residue(s) required for the propagation of feature annotation
BPT4	rI	P13304	other	False	17693511;34456892	It was first thought (PubMed:17693511) that the antiholin possesses a SAR domain, but it undergoes normal processing of its N- terminal signal sequence
BPT4	uvsW	P0DXF1	other	False	17092935	Originally thought to also encode the following gene uvsW1 (PubMed:17092935)
ECOLI	mbiA	P28697	other	False	18226237	This gene is encoded entirely within the yaaW gene on the opposite strand (PubMed:18226237). Disruptions of one gene are also usually disruptions in the other
POPTR	rps12-A	A4GYT5	other	False		There is 1 gene for this protein in each of the chloroplast inverted repeats; while they are usually identical, in this organism they are not. The other copy is AC A4GYN8
POPTR	rps12-B	A4GYN8	other	False		There is 1 gene for this protein in each of the chloroplast inverted repeats; while they are usually identical, in this organism they are not. The other copy is AC A4GYT5
human	ACIN1	Q9UKV3	other	False	22388736	Structural and functional studies of the ASAP complex have been conducted with a chimeric complex involving a conserved fragment of Drosophila melanogaster Acinus/hkl
human	ADRM1	Q16186	other	False		Although initially described as a cell membrane glycoprotein, ADRM1 is intracellular and non-glycosylated, and has probably no direct role in cell adhesion
human	AGK	Q53H12	other	False	28712724;28712726	According to a report, the N-terminal hydrophobic region forms a transmembrane region that crosses the mitochondrion inner membrane (PubMed:28712726). According to another report, the N-terminal hydrophobic region associates with the membrane without crossing it (PubMed:28712724)
human	AGRN	O00468	other	False		The unknown residue 'x' in the transmembrane isoform is probably a proline residue by similarity to mouse and rat sequences
human	AKT1	P31749	other	False		In light of strong homologies in the primary amino acid sequence, the 3 AKT kinases were long surmised to play redundant and overlapping roles. More recent studies has brought into question the redundancy within AKT kinase isoforms and instead pointed to isoform specific functions in different cellular events and diseases. AKT1 is more specifically involved in cellular survival pathways, by inhibiting apoptotic processes; whereas AKT2 is more specific for the insulin receptor signaling pathway. Moreover, while AKT1 and AKT2 are often implicated in many aspects of cellular transformation, the 2 isoforms act in a complementary opposing manner. The role of AKT3 is less clear, though it appears to be predominantly expressed in brain
human	BRCA1	P38398	other	False	14990569;26341884	An article that concluded that AURKA-mediated phosphorylation of BRCA1 Ser-308 plays a role in the normal cell cycle G2/M transition was withdrawn due to data manipulation of flow cytometry data
human	COLGALT1	Q8NBJ5	other	False		Has no glucosyltransferase activity
human	COLGALT2	Q8IYK4	other	False		Has no glucosyltransferase activity
human	CRBN	Q96SW2	other	False		Although it contains a Lon N-terminal domain also found in proteases of the peptidase S16 family, it does not contain the ATP- binding and catalytic domains, suggesting that it has no protease activity
human	CWC27	Q6UX04	other	False	20676357	Despite the fact that it belongs to the cyclophilin-type PPIase family, a report has shown that it has probably no peptidyl- prolyl cis-trans isomerase activity
human	DNAJB11	Q9UBS4	other	False	11584023	PubMed:11584023 reported a cytosolic, as well as nuclear subcellular location. This result was obtained using an N-terminally GFP-tagged construct which most probably affected signal peptide-driven targeting to the ER. As a consequence, the in vivo revelance of the observed interaction with APOBEC1, a nuclear protein, is dubious. This holds true for the interaction with PWP1
human	DNAJC13	O75165	other	False	24643499	In human, WASHC2 has undergone evolutionary duplication giving rise to highly homologous family members. A WASHC2C construct with WASHC2A-specific sequence insertions (of 2 aa and 21 aa length resulting in a construct length of 1341 aa similar to WASHC2A length) has been used to demonstrate the interaction with WASHC2 (PubMed:24643499)
human	DSCAM	O60469	other	False	15169762;26048998	Has been reported to enhance netrin-induced phosphorylation of PAK1 and FYN; and the interaction between DSCAM, PAK1 and RAC1 has been described. This article has been withdrawn by the authors
human	ERP27	Q96DN0	other	False		Does not contain a CXXC active site motif indicating that it is a catalytically redox-inactive member of the protein disulfide isomerase family
human	FBXL8	Q96CD0	other	False		While the gene symbol and protein names are indicative of the presence of LRR repeats, such repeats are not present in this protein
human	GDPD2	Q9HCC8	other	False		The catalytic domain of GDPD2 is oriented extracellularly; Glycerophosphoinositol is hydrolyzed in the medium of cells overexpressing Gdpd2, whereas intracellular levels of glycerophosphoinositol is not affected
human	IFNL4	K9M1U5	other	False		The reference genome assembly, GRCh37, describes the non- functional copy of that gene, frameshifted at position 22, that is more frequent in human populations
human	KCTD11	Q693B1	other	False	25974686	A N-terminal fragment of KCTD11 isoform 2 (comprising residues 15 - 115) has been used for some KCTD11:CUL3 interaction studies
human	MAGI1	Q6P9H4	other	False		The gene name MAGI1, shown in this entry as a synonym, is an obsolete human gene nomenclature committee-approved name. It should be noted that MAGI1 currently is the official name for the unrelated membrane-associated guanylate kinase, WW and PDZ domain-containing protein 1
human	MUC1	P15941	other	False	7744025;9597769	O-glycosylation sites are annotated in first sequence repeat only. Residues at similar position are probably glycosylated in all repeats. Experimental sites were determined in a synthetic peptide glycosylated in vitro (PubMed:7744025, PubMed:9597769)
human	PEX11B	O96011	other	False	9792670	PubMed:9792670 states that both the N- and the C-terminus are located in the cytoplasm
human	PHYKPL	Q8IUZ5	other	False	22241472	Does not seem to possess aminotransferase activity
human	PIP5K1B	O14986	other	False		There is confusion in the literature with phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase type I nomenclature due to the fact that frequently mouse PIP5K1B is named Phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5- kinase type I alpha
human	PLD4	Q96BZ4	other	False		Exhibits no phospholipase activity, despite two HKD motifs
human	PMPCA	Q10713	other	False		Does not seem to have protease activity as it lacks the zinc- binding site
human	SLC7A11	Q9UPY5	other	False	15151999	In the PMID:15151999, a typographical error has been introduced leading to L-cysteine spelling instead of L-cystine
human	UQCRFS1	P47985	other	False	28673544	Several peptides are generated during UQCRFS1 insertion (PubMed:28673544). According to some authors, the identification of the transit peptide as the subunit 9, does not necessary imply that it must be considered as a structural subunit of the complex III dimer as additional fragments from UQCRFS1 are also present (PubMed:28673544)
mouse	Akt1	P31750	other	False		In light of strong homologies in the primary amino acid sequence, the 3 AKT kinases were long surmised to play redundant and overlapping roles. More recent studies has brought into question the redundancy within AKT kinase isoforms and instead pointed to isoform specific functions in different cellular events and diseases. AKT1 is more specifically involved in cellular survival pathways, by inhibiting apoptotic processes; whereas AKT2 is more specific for the insulin receptor signaling pathway. Moreover, while AKT1 and AKT2 are often implicated in many aspects of cellular transformation, the 2 isoforms act in a complementary opposing manner. The role of AKT3 is less clear, though it appears to be predominantly expressed in brain
mouse	Dnajb11	Q99KV1	other	False	11584023	PubMed:11584023 reported a cytosolic, as well as nuclear subcellular location. This result was obtained using an N-terminally GFP-tagged construct which most probably affected signal peptide-driven targeting to the ER. As a consequence, the in vivo revelance of the observed interaction with APOBEC1, a nuclear protein, is dubious
mouse	Pld4	Q8BG07	other	False	30111894	Exhibits no phospholipase activity, despite two HKD motifs
rat	Akt1	P47196	other	False		In light of strong homologies in the primary amino acid sequence, the 3 AKT kinases were long surmised to play redundant and overlapping roles. More recent studies has brought into question the redundancy within AKT kinase isoforms and instead pointed to isoform specific functions in different cellular events and diseases. AKT1 is more specifically involved in cellular survival pathways, by inhibiting apoptotic processes; whereas AKT2 is more specific for the insulin receptor signaling pathway. Moreover, while AKT1 and AKT2 are often implicated in many aspects of cellular transformation, the 2 isoforms act in a complementary opposing manner. The role of AKT3 is less clear, though it appears to be predominantly expressed in brain
rat	Hsd11b2	P50233	other	False	1312193	Rats and mice do not produce appreciable cortisol, because they do not express the 17-alpha hydroxylase (Cyp17a1) enzyme in the adrenals
yeast	ESA1	Q08649	other	False	12368900;17223684	The catalytic mechanisms is still under debate. Cys-304 was proposed to function as a nucleophile that forms a covalent intermediate with acetyl-CoA during the reaction (PubMed:12368900), and indeed the residue can be acetylated (in vitro) (PubMed:12368900, PubMed:17223684). Depending on the assay system, mutation of Cys-304 leads to reduced or undetectable activity, indicating that is plays an important role. Still, mutation of Cys-304 has only a minor effect on the catalytic activity of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase (HAT) complex (PubMed:17223684), making it unlikely that this residue functions as the catalytic nucleophile
human	C1QBP	Q07021	possible-artifact	False	9305894;11493647	The subcellular location has been matter of debate. After being reported to be exclusively localized to mitochondria, demonstrations of promiscuous associations and locations were considered as artifactual due to the extremely acidic character and the use of different tagged versions of the protein (PubMed:11493647, PubMed:9305894). However, its location to multiple compartments linked to diverse functions is now accepted. The N-termini of the surface and secreted forms are identical to the reported processed mitochondrial form
human	GTF2F2	P13984	possible-artifact	False	2477704	GTF2F2 appears to have ATP-dependent DNA-helicase activity; however this is probably an artifact that happened during the protein purification
human	PARK7	Q99497	possible-artifact	False	25416785;27903648;28013050;28596309;31653696	The protein deglycation activity is controversial. It has been ascribed to a TRIS buffer artifact by a publication (PubMed:27903648) and as a result of the removal of methylglyoxal by glyoxalase activity that leads to a subsequent decomposition of hemithioacetals and hemianimals due to the shift in equilibrium position by another one (PubMed:31653696). However, biochemical experiments showing that PARK7 is a bona fide deglycase have been performed (PubMed:25416785, PubMed:28013050, PubMed:28596309)
human	UCHL1	P09936	possible-artifact	False	14722078	The oxidation forms of Met-1, Met-6, Met-12, Met-124, Met-179 and Cys-220 are subject of controversy and could be the artifactual results of sample handling
ARATH	CRY1	Q43125	reclassified-function	False	8232555	Was originally thought to be a DNA photolyase
ARATH	CRY2	Q96524	reclassified-function	False	9003312	Was originally thought to be a DNA photolyase
ECOLI	GroEL	P0A6F5	reclassified-function	False	2578448	Was originally designated as the ams protein
ECOLI	Skp	P0AEU7	reclassified-function	False		Was originally thought to bind DNA. It was probably an artifact due to the cationic nature of skp
ECOLI	ftsI	P0AD68	reclassified-function	False	7030331	Was originally thought to be a bifunctional enzyme with transglycosylase and transpeptidase activities
ECOLI	rbsD	P04982	reclassified-function	False	3011793;15060078	Was originally thought (PubMed:3011793) to be a high affinity ribose transport protein, but further analysis (PubMed:15060078) shows that it is a D-ribose pyranase
MAIZE	ABP1	P13689	reclassified-function	False	11749971	Was originally thought to have a disulfide bond between Cys-40 and Cys-99
SCHPO	aah1	O74922	reclassified-function	False	16751704	Was originally thought to exhibit alpha-amylase activity, but this activity is not detectable in S.pombe cell lysates or culture media
SCHPO	pol5	O60094	reclassified-function	False	12093911;12695662	Was originally thought to belong to the DNA polymerase type-B family based on conserved motifs (PubMed:12093911). Has later been shown to be unrelated to B class DNA polymerases (PubMed:12695662)
human	ABHD2	P08910	reclassified-function	False	2843827	Was originally thought to be a G-coupled receptor
human	AIFM2	Q9BRQ8	reclassified-function	False	11980907;12135761;15958387;26689472;31634899;31634900	Conflicting data exist on the pro-apoptotic function of the protein. It was initially claimed that overexpression of FSP1 induces caspase-independent apoptosis, but new evidence disputes this function
human	ARIH1	Q9Y4X5	reclassified-function	False	15236971;23707686;24058416	The RING-type 2 zinc finger was initially reported to only bind 1 zinc ion instead of 2 compared to classical RING-types (PubMed:15236971). But it was later shown that it is not the case and binds 2 zinc ions (PubMed:23707686, PubMed:24058416)
human	ATP13A1	Q9HD20	reclassified-function	False	24392018;32973005	Was initially thought to mediate manganese transport (PubMed:24392018). However, it was later shown to specifically bind moderately hydrophobic transmembrane with short hydrophilic lumenal domains that misinsert into the endoplasmic reticulum (PubMed:32973005)
human	BBIP1	A8MTZ0	reclassified-function	False		Was previously thought to be non-coding and described as 'non- protein coding RNA 81', abbreviated NCRNA00081
human	BOLA3	Q53S33	reclassified-function	False	18548201;22746225	Was initially reported to be secreted via a non-classical export pathway (PubMed:18548201). It was however later shown that it localizes to mitochondria, in agreement with other members of the family (PubMed:22746225)
human	CALR	P27797	reclassified-function	False	2332496	Was originally thought to be the 52 kDa Ro autoantigen
human	CAPG	P40121	reclassified-function	False		This protein was originally thought to be a DNA-binding protein with a helix-loop-helix domain
human	CHMP1A	Q9HD42	reclassified-function	False	8863740	Was originally (PubMed:8863740) thought to be a metalloprotease (PRSM1). This was based on a wrong translation of the ORF which gave rise to a putative protein of 318 AA containing a pattern reminiscent of zinc metalloproteases
human	CLU	P10909	reclassified-function	False	12551933;24073260	Isoform 4 has been previously detected in cytosol and in the nuclei of apoptotic cells and promoted apoptosis following irradiation (PubMed:12551933). However the nuclear localization and apoptosis promotion has not been confirmed in other cell types (PubMed:24073260)
human	EIF2D	P41214	reclassified-function	False	20566627	Was previously erroneously called ligatin, a trafficking receptor for phosphoglycoproteins, while ligatin is actually a distinct 10 kDa filamentous membrane protein encoded by a still unidentified gene
human	ENDOU	P21128	reclassified-function	False	2350438;18936097	Was originally (PubMed:2350438) thought to be a serine protease. However, PubMed:18936097 showed it is not the case
human	HDAC6	Q9UBN7	reclassified-function	False	10220385;12024216;18606987;20308065;24882211;26246421;30538141;31857589;38534334;39567688	Was originally thought to be a histone deacetylase (PubMed:10220385). However, subsequent work has shown that it is predominantly cytoplasmic and deacetylates a range of non-histone substrates (PubMed:12024216, PubMed:18606987, PubMed:20308065, PubMed:24882211, PubMed:26246421, PubMed:30538141, PubMed:31857589, PubMed:38534334, PubMed:39567688)
human	HSPB8	Q9UJY1	reclassified-function	False	10833516	Was reported to have a protein kinase activity and to act as a Mn(2+)-dependent serine-threonine-specific protein kinase
human	NBR1	Q14596	reclassified-function	False	8069304	Was originally thought to be the ovarian carcinoma antigen CA125
human	NDUFA4	O00483	reclassified-function	False	12611891	Was initially believed to be a subunit of the mitochondrial membrane respiratory chain NADH dehydrogenase (complex I)
human	NF1	P21359	reclassified-function	False	8807336	Was originally thought to be associated with LEOPARD (LS), an autosomal dominant syndrome
human	PGRMC1	O00264	reclassified-function	False	21730960;22292588;28007569;28559337	Was initially identified as sigma-2 receptor, which is thought to play important role in regulating cell survival, morphology and differentiation (PubMed:21730960, PubMed:22292588, PubMed:28007569). However, it was later shown that it is not the case (PubMed:28007569). The sigma-2 receptor has been identified as TMEM97 (AC Q5BJF2) (PubMed:28559337)
human	PHTF1	Q9UMS5	reclassified-function	False	10395808	The PHTF domain was initially defined as an atypical homeodomain, suggesting that this protein could act as a transcription regulator (PubMed:10395808). However, the protein is not found in the nucleus and mainly localizes in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane, suggesting that it does not act as a transcription factor (By similarity)
human	SH3GLB1	Q9Y371	reclassified-function	False	12456676	Was originally thought to have lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase activity, but by homology with SH3GL2/endophilin A1 is unlikely to have this activity
human	TCF25	Q9BQ70	reclassified-function	False	16574069	Was reported to have DNA-binding activity (PubMed:16574069). However, this is uncertain as it was shown with the protein fused to the yeast GAL4 DNA-binding domain
human	UBA5	Q9GZZ9	reclassified-function	False	18442052	Was initially reported to mediate activation of SUMO2 in addition to UFM1 (PubMed:18442052). However, it was later shown that it is specific for UFM1 (By similarity)
human	UFSP1	Q6NVU6	reclassified-function	False	35525273;35926457	UFSP1 initiates at a non-canonical GUG codon (PubMed:35525273, PubMed:35926457). Was initially thought to initiate from Met-77 and constitute a inactive isopeptidase that lacks a functional protease domain (PubMed:35525273, PubMed:35926457)
human	YWHAZ	P63104	reclassified-function	False	1577711	Was originally thought to have phospholipase A2 activity
mouse	Tert	O70372	reclassified-function	False	13679242	Was originally thought to originate from rat
yeast	NAP1	P25293	reclassified-function	False		NAP-I was previously referred to as AP-I
yeast	PAP2	P53632	reclassified-function	False		Was originally thought to have DNA polymerase activity
yeast	SIR2	P06700	reclassified-function	False	10619427	Was originally thought to be an ADP-ribosyltransferase
ARATH	BAK1	Q94F62	retracted-reference	True	20876109;21350342;27325779;27603314	An article reported the role of autophosphorylation of Tyr-610 in brassinosteroid signaling; however, this paper was later retracted. A second article from the same group reported the role of phosphorylation; however, this paper was also retracted
ARATH	FT	Q9SXZ2	retracted-reference	True	16099949;17446370	An article reported that transcripts can move in the phloem from leaves to shoot apex to induce flowering; however, this paper was later retracted
human	ACTB	P60709	retracted-reference	True	19377461;24336203	Was originally thought to be part of the MLL5-L complex, at least composed of KMT2E, STK38, PPP1CA, PPP1CB, PPP1CC, HCFC1, ACTB and OGT (PubMed:19377461). However, the corresponding article has been retracted (PubMed:24336203)
human	AKT1	P31749	retracted-reference	True	20231902;37490513	PUBMED:20231902 has been retracted because there was evidence of data fabrication and/or falsification in multiple figure panels
human	AKT1	P31749	retracted-reference	True	19940129;27825096	PUBMED:19940129 has been retracted because the same data were used to represent different experimental conditions
human	APP	P05067	retracted-reference	True	19225519;38110576	Was reported to bind TNFRSF21 triggering caspase activation and degeneration of both neuronal cell bodies (via caspase-3) and axons (via caspase-6) (PubMed:19225519). This work was later retracted (PubMed:38110576)
human	ATG4D	Q86TL0	retracted-reference	True	12446702;30808002	A paper describing ATG4D tissue expression has been retracted, due to concerns of image duplication in some of the figures
human	CHAF1A	Q13111	retracted-reference	True	15327775;30849389	Was reported to form, during DNA replication, a S phase- specific complex that would facilitate methylation of H3 'Lys-9' during replication-coupled chromatin assembly and vould be at least composed of the CAF-1 subunit CHAF1A, MBD1 and SETDB1 (PubMed:15327775). However, this paper has been retracted because some data, results and conclusions are not reliable (PubMed:30849389)
human	MAP3K5	Q99683	retracted-reference	True	12697749;27825085	Reported to be phosphorylated by AKT2 (PubMed:12697749). However, the publication has been retracted due to image duplication in figures
human	RARA	P10276	retracted-reference	True	19377461;24336203	Was originally thought to be part of the MLL5-L complex, at least composed of KMT2E, STK38, PPP1CA, PPP1CB, PPP1CC, HCFC1, ACTB and OGT (PubMed:19377461). However, the corresponding article has been retracted (PubMed:24336203)
human	STAT3	P40763	retracted-reference	True	31462771;32555452	Was shown to be S-palmitoylated by ZDHHC19, leading to STAT3 homodimerization. However, this study was later retracted
human	TP53	P04637	retracted-reference	True	10570149;11554766;15340061;15701641;15866171;16219768;17170702;17317671;17591690;17954561;18206965;19011621;20959462;21597459;22726440;25772236;32144153	Interaction with BANP was reported to enhance phosphorylation on Ser-15 upon ultraviolet irradiation (PubMed:15701641). However, the publication has been retracted due to image duplication and manipulation. Interaction with BANP has been confirmed in mouse studies (By similarity). Phosphorylation at Ser-15 has been confirmed by other studies (PubMed:10570149, PubMed:11554766, PubMed:15866171, PubMed:16219768, PubMed:17317671, PubMed:17954561, PubMed:20959462, PubMed:25772236). Its nuclear and cytoplasmic localization has been confirmed by other studies (PubMed:15340061, PubMed:17170702, PubMed:17591690, PubMed:18206965, PubMed:19011621, PubMed:21597459, PubMed:22726440)
9BACT	HMPREF1058_RS08555	I9U7L5	wgs-preliminary	False		The sequence shown here is derived from an EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ whole genome shotgun (WGS) entry which is preliminary data
9BACT	I9U7L5	I9U7L5	wgs-preliminary	False		The sequence shown here is derived from an EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ whole genome shotgun (WGS) entry which is preliminary data
9POAL	NCGR_LOCUS10166	A0A811MX19	wgs-preliminary	False		The sequence shown here is derived from an EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ whole genome shotgun (WGS) entry which is preliminary data
9POAL	NCGR_LOCUS1270	A0A811M8A5	wgs-preliminary	False		The sequence shown here is derived from an EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ whole genome shotgun (WGS) entry which is preliminary data
9POAL	NCGR_LOCUS1765	A0A811M5M6	wgs-preliminary	False		The sequence shown here is derived from an EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ whole genome shotgun (WGS) entry which is preliminary data
9POAL	NCGR_LOCUS27674	A0A811PC48	wgs-preliminary	False		The sequence shown here is derived from an EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ whole genome shotgun (WGS) entry which is preliminary data
9POAL	NCGR_LOCUS29329	A0A811PKG6	wgs-preliminary	False		The sequence shown here is derived from an EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ whole genome shotgun (WGS) entry which is preliminary data
9POAL	NCGR_LOCUS3088	A0A811MJ28	wgs-preliminary	False		The sequence shown here is derived from an EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ whole genome shotgun (WGS) entry which is preliminary data
9POAL	NCGR_LOCUS67308	A0A811SRM7	wgs-preliminary	False		The sequence shown here is derived from an EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ whole genome shotgun (WGS) entry which is preliminary data
ECOLX	SNIPE	A0A8T9CRB7	wgs-preliminary	False		The sequence shown here is derived from an EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ whole genome shotgun (WGS) entry which is preliminary data
NICAT	NaA622	A0A314KUK7	wgs-preliminary	False		The sequence shown here is derived from an EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ whole genome shotgun (WGS) entry which is preliminary data
NICAT	NaA622_candidate_IFRH_0	A0A1J6I5H4	wgs-preliminary	False		The sequence shown here is derived from an EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ whole genome shotgun (WGS) entry which is preliminary data
NICAT	NaAO2_candidate_AO_0	A0A1J6KBX2	wgs-preliminary	False		The sequence shown here is derived from an EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ whole genome shotgun (WGS) entry which is preliminary data
NICAT	NaAO2_candidate_AO_1	A0A314LIN0	wgs-preliminary	False		The sequence shown here is derived from an EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ whole genome shotgun (WGS) entry which is preliminary data
NICAT	NaBBL1_candidate_FOX1_0	A0A1J6JGR6	wgs-preliminary	False		The sequence shown here is derived from an EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ whole genome shotgun (WGS) entry which is preliminary data
NICAT	NaBBL2_candidate_FOX1_2	A0A1J6KPK0	wgs-preliminary	False		The sequence shown here is derived from an EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ whole genome shotgun (WGS) entry which is preliminary data
NICAT	NaBBL_candidate_FOX1_4	A0A1J6KZ94	wgs-preliminary	False		The sequence shown here is derived from an EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ whole genome shotgun (WGS) entry which is preliminary data
NICAT	NaBBL_candidate_FOX2_2	A0A314LBC4	wgs-preliminary	False		The sequence shown here is derived from an EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ whole genome shotgun (WGS) entry which is preliminary data
NICAT	NaBBL_candidate_FOX2_4	A0A1J6KAK0	wgs-preliminary	False		The sequence shown here is derived from an EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ whole genome shotgun (WGS) entry which is preliminary data
NICAT	NaBGL1_candidate_BGLU18_6	A0A1J6KFZ7	wgs-preliminary	False		The sequence shown here is derived from an EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ whole genome shotgun (WGS) entry which is preliminary data
NICAT	NaBGL1_candidate_BGLU42	A0A314LBF6	wgs-preliminary	False		The sequence shown here is derived from an EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ whole genome shotgun (WGS) entry which is preliminary data
NICAT	NaBGL2_candidate_BGLU18_1	A0A314KWB2	wgs-preliminary	False		The sequence shown here is derived from an EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ whole genome shotgun (WGS) entry which is preliminary data
NICAT	NaMATE1_candidate_DTX40_3	A0A314KVN4	wgs-preliminary	False		The sequence shown here is derived from an EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ whole genome shotgun (WGS) entry which is preliminary data
NICAT	NaMPO1_candidate_AMO_3	A0A314KPU1	wgs-preliminary	False		The sequence shown here is derived from an EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ whole genome shotgun (WGS) entry which is preliminary data
NICAT	NaODC_candidate_DCOR	A0A1J6ITS2	wgs-preliminary	False		The sequence shown here is derived from an EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ whole genome shotgun (WGS) entry which is preliminary data
NICAT	NaODC_candidate_ODC	A0A314KUM9	wgs-preliminary	False		The sequence shown here is derived from an EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ whole genome shotgun (WGS) entry which is preliminary data
NICAT	NaQPT2_candidate_QPT_0	A0A1J6KEF3	wgs-preliminary	False		The sequence shown here is derived from an EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ whole genome shotgun (WGS) entry which is preliminary data
NICAT	NaQPT2_candidate_QPT_1	A0A1J6IKI8	wgs-preliminary	False		The sequence shown here is derived from an EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ whole genome shotgun (WGS) entry which is preliminary data
POLH7	AJ80_06654	A0A2B7XTR7	wgs-preliminary	False		The sequence shown here is derived from an EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ whole genome shotgun (WGS) entry which is preliminary data
PRORE	fosA3	A0AB35LIB0	wgs-preliminary	False		The sequence shown here is derived from an EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ whole genome shotgun (WGS) entry which is preliminary data
RAMVA	RvY_00650	A0A1D1UDY8	wgs-preliminary	False		The sequence shown here is derived from an EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ whole genome shotgun (WGS) entry which is preliminary data
RAMVA	RvY_00651	A0A1D1UKR0	wgs-preliminary	False		The sequence shown here is derived from an EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ whole genome shotgun (WGS) entry which is preliminary data
RAMVA	RvY_01767	A0A1D1USM4	wgs-preliminary	False		The sequence shown here is derived from an EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ whole genome shotgun (WGS) entry which is preliminary data
RAMVA	RvY_03754	A0A1D1UP68	wgs-preliminary	False		The sequence shown here is derived from an EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ whole genome shotgun (WGS) entry which is preliminary data
RAMVA	RvY_03757	A0A1D1UP59	wgs-preliminary	False		The sequence shown here is derived from an EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ whole genome shotgun (WGS) entry which is preliminary data
RAMVA	RvY_09480	A0A1D1VEY6	wgs-preliminary	False		The sequence shown here is derived from an EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ whole genome shotgun (WGS) entry which is preliminary data
RAMVA	RvY_10893	A0A1D1VE88	wgs-preliminary	False		The sequence shown here is derived from an EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ whole genome shotgun (WGS) entry which is preliminary data
RAMVA	RvY_15948	A0A1D1VWP9	wgs-preliminary	False		The sequence shown here is derived from an EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ whole genome shotgun (WGS) entry which is preliminary data
RAMVA	RvY_17310	A0A1D1W3Y1	wgs-preliminary	False		The sequence shown here is derived from an EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ whole genome shotgun (WGS) entry which is preliminary data