{
 "gene": "HMOX1",
 "run_date": "2026-06-10T01:55:22",
 "timeline": {
  "current_model": "HMOX1 encodes heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), an inducible 32-kDa microsomal enzyme that catalyzes the rate-limiting oxidative degradation of heme to carbon monoxide (CO), ferrous iron (Fe\u00b2\u207a), and biliverdin; it is transcriptionally activated primarily by Nrf2 (via ARE elements), with additional regulation by EGR-1, HSF4, FOSL1, IFI16/JUND/SP1 complexes, progesterone, and epigenetic modifiers (Kat2a, histone lactylation); post-translationally, HO-1 protein stability is controlled by SIAH2-mediated ubiquitination at K243 and counteracted by USP7-mediated deubiquitination; beyond its catalytic role, HO-1 exerts non-enzymatic functions including scaffolding IRF3 phosphorylation in innate immune signaling, disrupting STING polymerization and cGAS nuclear export to suppress the cGAS/STING/IFN-I pathway, regulating mitochondrial quality control via the NRF-1/Pink1/Parkin axis, and interacting with LDHB to drive LONP1-mediated TFAM degradation leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and ferroptosis; through its Fe\u00b2\u207a-liberating catalytic activity, HO-1 can be pro-ferroptotic (promoting iron-dependent lipid peroxidation) or cytoprotective depending on cellular context, and its mRNA stability is negatively regulated by the m6A reader YTHDF2."
 },
 "narrative": {
  "mechanism_profile": {
   "molecular_activity": [
    {
     "term_id": "GO:0016491",
     "term_label": "oxidoreductase activity",
     "supporting_discovery_ids": [
      0,
      16
     ]
    },
    {
     "term_id": "GO:0016787",
     "term_label": "hydrolase activity",
     "supporting_discovery_ids": [
      0
     ]
    },
    {
     "term_id": "GO:0060090",
     "term_label": "molecular adaptor activity",
     "supporting_discovery_ids": [
      1,
      9,
      10
     ]
    }
   ],
   "localization": [
    {
     "term_id": "GO:0005783",
     "term_label": "endoplasmic reticulum",
     "supporting_discovery_ids": [
      0,
      9
     ]
    },
    {
     "term_id": "GO:0005634",
     "term_label": "nucleus",
     "supporting_discovery_ids": [
      9
     ]
    },
    {
     "term_id": "GO:0005739",
     "term_label": "mitochondrion",
     "supporting_discovery_ids": [
      10
     ]
    }
   ],
   "pathway": [
    {
     "term_id": "R-HSA-1430728",
     "term_label": "Metabolism",
     "supporting_discovery_ids": [
      0,
      16
     ]
    },
    {
     "term_id": "R-HSA-5357801",
     "term_label": "Programmed Cell Death",
     "supporting_discovery_ids": [
      16,
      31,
      10
     ]
    },
    {
     "term_id": "R-HSA-168256",
     "term_label": "Immune System",
     "supporting_discovery_ids": [
      1,
      9,
      20
     ]
    },
    {
     "term_id": "R-HSA-8953897",
     "term_label": "Cellular responses to stimuli",
     "supporting_discovery_ids": [
      24,
      6,
      2
     ]
    },
    {
     "term_id": "R-HSA-9612973",
     "term_label": "Autophagy",
     "supporting_discovery_ids": [
      2,
      22
     ]
    }
   ],
   "complexes": [],
   "partners": [
    "IRF3",
    "USP7",
    "SIAH2",
    "LDHB",
    "CGAS",
    "STING",
    "PTGDS",
    "TRC8"
   ],
   "other_free_text": []
  }
 },
 "prefetch_data": {
  "uniprot": {
   "accession": "P09601",
   "full_name": "Heme oxygenase 1"
  }
 },
 "evaluation": {
  "pairwise": "win",
  "faith_supported": 8,
  "faith_total": 8,
  "faith_pct": 100.0
 },
 "cost": {
  "total_usd": 0.266655
 }
}