MAP1S (microtubule-associated protein 1S; also known as C19orf5, MAP8 and VCY2IP1) is the short, ubiquitously expressed member of the MAP1 family, whose other members (MAP1A and MAP1B) are largely neuron-specific. Like its paralogs, MAP1S is synthesized as a precursor that is proteolytically processed into a heavy chain and a light chain which re-associate into a heterodimer; both chains bind microtubules, and the light chain additionally binds actin. Its core molecular activity is binding tubulin/microtubules and cross-linking and bundling them, contributing to microtubule cytoskeleton organization and stabilization. MAP1S is distinguished functionally by acting as a bridge that couples the autophagy machinery to the microtubule cytoskeleton and to mitochondria: it binds the autophagosome-associated Atg8/LC3 protein and recruits it to stable microtubules, and it binds the mitochondrion-associated protein LRPPRC (which links to the mitophagy initiator Parkin), thereby promoting autophagosome biogenesis, trafficking and degradation and the clearance of defective mitochondria. Consistent with this, loss of MAP1S causes accumulation of defective mitochondria and impaired responses to nutrient stress. MAP1S also has cytoskeletal and mitotic roles, anchoring the microtubule-organizing center to the centrosome and supporting proper spindle organization and chromosome alignment; its depletion causes mitotic abnormalities. It interacts with the microtubule- stabilizing tumor suppressor RASSF1A, with WDR47/Nemitin, with the estrogen receptor ESR1, and with the NMDA-receptor subunit NR3A, and it binds DNA (but has no nuclease activity). MAP1S localizes to the cytosol, microtubules, mitotic spindle, centrosome/microtubule- organizing center, the perinuclear region (where mitochondrial aggregates form), and, as a shuttling pool, to the nucleus; in neurons it is found in cell projections and synapses.
| GO Term | Evidence | Action | Reason |
|---|---|---|---|
| GO:0045202 synapse | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Phylogenetic (IBA) propagation of synapse localization across the MAP1 family. MAP1S is detected in synapses in neurons, but it is ubiquitously expressed and this is a neuron-specific secondary localization. Reason: Real but neuron-specific/secondary localization (also supported by IDA, PMID:17658481); not central to MAP1S's core microtubule/autophagy functions. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt Detected in filopodia-like protrusions and synapses |
| GO:0000226 microtubule cytoskeleton organization | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | ACCEPT | Summary: Phylogenetic (IBA) assignment of microtubule cytoskeleton organization, a core MAP1-family function. Supported experimentally for MAP1S (microtubule bundling/stabilization). Reason: Core biological process; MAP1S binds, bundles and stabilizes microtubules. Supporting Evidence: PMID:15528209 Microtubule-associated protein 1S, a short and ubiquitously expressed member of the microtubule-associated protein 1 family |
| GO:0005874 microtubule | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | ACCEPT | Summary: Phylogenetic (IBA) assignment of microtubule localization, the defining MAP1-family compartment. Strongly supported by multiple IDA studies for MAP1S. Reason: Core localization; MAP1S associates with and acts on microtubules. Supporting Evidence: PMID:15528209 Microtubule-associated protein 1S, a short and ubiquitously expressed member of the microtubule-associated protein 1 family |
| GO:0003779 actin binding | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Phylogenetic (IBA) assignment of actin binding. The MAP1S light chain binds actin/actin filaments (supported by IDA, GO:0051015), so generic actin binding is plausible, but actin binding is secondary to MAP1S's microtubule function. Reason: Supported (light chain binds actin) but secondary; the primary cytoskeletal role of MAP1S is on microtubules. Note one study reported NOT actin filament binding under different conditions, so this activity is context-dependent. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt MAP1S light chain interacts with actin |
| GO:0005829 cytosol | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | ACCEPT | Summary: Phylogenetic (IBA) assignment of cytosolic localization, consistent with MAP1S's cytoplasmic microtubule-associated distribution. Supported by IDA and the UniProt subcellular location. Reason: Core localization; MAP1S is a cytoplasmic, microtubule-associated protein. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt Cytoplasm, cytosol |
| GO:0005875 microtubule associated complex | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | ACCEPT | Summary: Phylogenetic (IBA) assignment that MAP1S is part of a microtubule-associated complex, consistent with its heavy/light chain heterodimer that binds microtubules. Reason: Core cellular component; MAP1S forms a microtubule-associated heterodimer complex. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt Heterodimer of a heavy and a light chain. Interacts with microtubules and actin. |
| GO:0007409 axonogenesis | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Phylogenetic (IBA) propagation of axonogenesis from the neuronal MAP1 paralogs (MAP1A/B). This is a neuron-specific developmental role inherited from the family tree, not an established human MAP1S function. Reason: Neuronal developmental role transferred from paralogs; secondary/peripheral for ubiquitously expressed MAP1S. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt Belongs to the MAP1 family. |
| GO:0008017 microtubule binding | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | ACCEPT | Summary: Phylogenetic (IBA) assignment of microtubule binding, the defining MAP1-family molecular function. Strongly supported by IDA for MAP1S (two microtubule-binding sites). Reason: Core molecular function; MAP1S directly binds microtubules. Supporting Evidence: PMID:16297881 Microtubule-associated protein 8 contains two microtubule binding sites |
| GO:0016358 dendrite development | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Phylogenetic (IBA) propagation of dendrite development from the neuronal MAP1 paralogs. Neuron-specific developmental role inherited from the family tree. Reason: Neuronal developmental role transferred from paralogs; secondary for ubiquitously expressed MAP1S. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt Belongs to the MAP1 family. |
| GO:0030425 dendrite | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Phylogenetic (IBA) propagation of dendrite localization from neuronal MAP1 paralogs/mouse ortholog. Neuron-specific secondary localization. Reason: Neuron-specific localization transferred from paralogs/orthologs; secondary for ubiquitously expressed MAP1S. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt Belongs to the MAP1 family. |
| GO:0031114 regulation of microtubule depolymerization | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Phylogenetic (IBA) assignment of regulation of microtubule depolymerization, consistent with MAP1S's microtubule-stabilizing/bundling activity (MAPs typically suppress depolymerization). Reason: Plausible and consistent with the microtubule-stabilizing role, but only phylogenetically inferred for MAP1S; retained as a non-core aspect of its microtubule function. Supporting Evidence: PMID:15528209 Microtubule-associated protein 1S, a short and ubiquitously expressed member of the microtubule-associated protein 1 family |
| GO:0043025 neuronal cell body | IBA GO_REF:0000033 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Phylogenetic (IBA) propagation of neuronal cell body localization from neuronal MAP1 paralogs/orthologs. Neuron-specific secondary localization. Reason: Neuron-specific localization transferred from paralogs/orthologs; secondary for ubiquitously expressed MAP1S. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt Belongs to the MAP1 family. |
| GO:0000226 microtubule cytoskeleton organization | IEA GO_REF:0000002 | ACCEPT | Summary: InterPro-based electronic assignment of microtubule cytoskeleton organization, redundant with the IBA and experimental support for this core process. Reason: Core biological process; consistent with experimental microtubule bundling/organization evidence. Supporting Evidence: PMID:15528209 Microtubule-associated protein 1S, a short and ubiquitously expressed member of the microtubule-associated protein 1 family |
| GO:0005634 nucleus | IEA GO_REF:0000044 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Electronic transfer of nuclear localization from the UniProt subcellular location. MAP1S is detected in the nucleus (it shuttles and binds DNA), but the dominant functional pool is cytoplasmic/cytoskeletal. Reason: Real but secondary localization (also IDA, PMID:12762840); MAP1S core functions are cytoplasmic (microtubule/autophagy). Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. |
| GO:0005819 spindle | IEA GO_REF:0000044 | ACCEPT | Summary: Electronic transfer of spindle localization from the UniProt subcellular location, corroborated by IDA evidence that MAP1S localizes to the mitotic spindle. Reason: Correct localization; MAP1S is detected at spindle microtubules during mitosis and supports spindle organization. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, spindle |
| GO:0005829 cytosol | IEA GO_REF:0000044 | ACCEPT | Summary: Electronic transfer of cytosolic localization from the UniProt subcellular location, redundant with the IBA and IDA cytosol annotations. Reason: Core localization; MAP1S is a cytoplasmic, microtubule-associated protein. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt Cytoplasm, cytosol |
| GO:0005856 cytoskeleton | IEA GO_REF:0000044 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Electronic transfer of cytoskeleton localization from the UniProt subcellular location. Correct but generic parent of the specific microtubule localization. Reason: Correct but generic; subsumed by the specific microtubule (GO:0005874) annotation. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton |
| GO:0005874 microtubule | IEA GO_REF:0000002 | ACCEPT | Summary: InterPro-based electronic assignment of microtubule localization, redundant with IBA and multiple IDA annotations. Reason: Core localization; MAP1S associates with microtubules. Supporting Evidence: PMID:15528209 Microtubule-associated protein 1S, a short and ubiquitously expressed member of the microtubule-associated protein 1 family |
| GO:0008017 microtubule binding | IEA GO_REF:0000120 | ACCEPT | Summary: Electronic (combined IEA methods) assignment of microtubule binding, redundant with the IBA and IDA support for this core molecular function. Reason: Core molecular function; MAP1S directly binds microtubules. Supporting Evidence: PMID:16297881 Microtubule-associated protein 8 contains two microtubule binding sites |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:14627543 Identification and characterization of human VCY2-interactin... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: IPI interaction with VCY2/BPY2 from the study that identified MAP1S as a VCY2-interacting protein. Bare protein binding is uninformative. Reason: Records a real interaction (VCY2) but bare protein binding is uninformative per curation guidelines. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt Q66K74; O14599: BPY2B; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-2133734, EBI-2133713 |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:19027008 The role of microtubule-associated protein 1S in SOCS3 regul... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: IPI interaction with SOCS3 from a study on MAP1S in SOCS3 regulation of IL-6 signaling. Bare protein binding is uninformative. Reason: Records a real interaction (SOCS3) but bare protein binding is uninformative. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt Q66K74; O14543: SOCS3; NbExp=6; IntAct=EBI-2133734, EBI-714146 |
| GO:0007399 nervous system development | IEA GO_REF:0000120 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Electronic assignment of nervous system development, transferred from the mouse ortholog/ARBA. Broad developmental term reflecting neuronal MAP1-family roles. Reason: Broad neuronal developmental process transferred electronically; secondary for ubiquitously expressed MAP1S. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt Belongs to the MAP1 family. |
| GO:0007420 brain development | IEA GO_REF:0000107 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Electronic transfer of brain development from the mouse ortholog. Broad neuronal developmental term. Reason: Broad neuronal developmental process transferred from ortholog; secondary for ubiquitously expressed MAP1S. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt Belongs to the MAP1 family. |
| GO:0015630 microtubule cytoskeleton | IEA GO_REF:0000107 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Electronic transfer of microtubule cytoskeleton localization from the mouse ortholog. Correct but generic parent of the specific microtubule localization. Reason: Correct but generic; subsumed by the specific microtubule (GO:0005874) annotation. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton |
| GO:0015631 tubulin binding | IEA GO_REF:0000107 | ACCEPT | Summary: Electronic transfer of tubulin binding from the mouse ortholog, redundant with the IDA evidence for MAP1S. Reason: Core molecular function; MAP1S binds tubulin (also IDA-supported, PMID:15528209). Supporting Evidence: PMID:15528209 Microtubule-associated protein 1S, a short and ubiquitously expressed member of the microtubule-associated protein 1 family |
| GO:0030425 dendrite | IEA GO_REF:0000107 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Electronic transfer of dendrite localization from the mouse ortholog. Neuron-specific secondary localization. Reason: Neuron-specific localization transferred from ortholog; secondary for ubiquitously expressed MAP1S. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt Belongs to the MAP1 family. |
| GO:0042802 identical protein binding | IEA GO_REF:0000107 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Electronic transfer of identical protein binding (self-association) from the mouse ortholog. Uninformative for the core function. Reason: Self-association is plausible but uninformative as a molecular function; non-core. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt Belongs to the MAP1 family. |
| GO:0043025 neuronal cell body | IEA GO_REF:0000107 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: Electronic transfer of neuronal cell body localization from the mouse ortholog. Neuron-specific secondary localization. Reason: Neuron-specific localization transferred from ortholog; secondary for ubiquitously expressed MAP1S. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt Belongs to the MAP1 family. |
| GO:0005654 nucleoplasm | IDA GO_REF:0000052 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: HPA immunofluorescence localization to the nucleoplasm. Consistent with the known nuclear/shuttling pool of MAP1S (it binds DNA), but secondary to its cytoplasmic functions. Reason: Real but secondary nuclear localization; MAP1S core functions are cytoplasmic. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. |
| GO:0005730 nucleolus | IDA GO_REF:0000052 | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: HPA immunofluorescence localization to the nucleolus. No functional literature places MAP1S activity in the nucleolus; likely reflects the nuclear shuttling pool/staining. Reason: Single high-throughput immunofluorescence localization with no supporting functional role; secondary at best. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. |
| GO:0005829 cytosol | IDA GO_REF:0000052 | ACCEPT | Summary: HPA immunofluorescence localization to the cytosol, consistent with MAP1S's cytoplasmic microtubule-associated distribution. Reason: Core localization; MAP1S is a cytoplasmic, microtubule-associated protein. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt Cytoplasm, cytosol |
| GO:0005874 microtubule | IDA PMID:22523538 Nemitin, a novel Map8/Map1s interacting protein with Wd40 re... | ACCEPT | Summary: Direct evidence of MAP1S microtubule localization from the Nemitin/WDR47 study. Reason: Core localization; MAP1S associates with microtubules. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt Interacts with WDR47 |
| GO:0071987 WD40-repeat domain binding | IPI PMID:22523538 Nemitin, a novel Map8/Map1s interacting protein with Wd40 re... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: IPI evidence that MAP1S binds the WD40 repeats of WDR47/Nemitin. An informative molecular function (specific binding activity), but secondary to the core microtubule/autophagy roles. Reason: Informative specific binding activity (WDR47/Nemitin), but a secondary interaction relative to MAP1S's core microtubule and autophagy-bridging functions. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt Interacts with WDR47 (via N-terminus of light chain) |
| GO:0005813 centrosome | IDA PMID:17234756 Depletion of the Ras association domain family 1, isoform A-... | ACCEPT | Summary: IDA localization to the centrosome from the study showing MAP1S depletion causes mitotic abnormalities. Consistent with its role anchoring the MTOC. Reason: Correct localization tied to MAP1S's microtubule-organizing-center anchoring function. Supporting Evidence: PMID:17234756 C19ORF5/MAP1S, causes mitotic abnormalities |
| GO:0005815 microtubule organizing center | IDA PMID:17234756 Depletion of the Ras association domain family 1, isoform A-... | ACCEPT | Summary: IDA localization to the microtubule organizing center, consistent with MAP1S's documented role in anchoring the MTOC to the centrosome. Reason: Correct localization tied to MAP1S's MTOC-anchoring function. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt Necessary for the microtubule-organizing center localization |
| GO:0007052 mitotic spindle organization | IMP PMID:17234756 Depletion of the Ras association domain family 1, isoform A-... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: IMP evidence that MAP1S depletion causes mitotic spindle abnormalities (multipolar spindles, failure to form a stable metaphase plate), indicating a role in mitotic spindle organization. Reason: Well-supported mitotic role, but a distinct cellular function from the microtubule/autophagy-bridging core; retained as a non-core cytoskeletal/mitotic function. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt Depletion of MAP1S by RNAi causes mitotic abnormalities |
| GO:0034454 microtubule anchoring at centrosome | IMP PMID:17234756 Depletion of the Ras association domain family 1, isoform A-... | ACCEPT | Summary: IMP evidence that MAP1S anchors the microtubule-organizing center to the centrosome; its depletion disrupts this anchoring and causes mitotic defects. Reason: Specific, well-supported function (microtubule/MTOC anchoring at centrosome) directly within MAP1S's microtubule-organizing role. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt Plays a role in anchoring the microtubule organizing center to the centrosomes |
| GO:0051310 metaphase chromosome alignment | IMP PMID:17234756 Depletion of the Ras association domain family 1, isoform A-... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: IMP evidence that MAP1S depletion impairs metaphase chromosome alignment (failure to form a stable metaphase plate, lagging chromosomes). Reason: Well-supported but a downstream consequence of MAP1S's mitotic spindle/MTOC role; non-core relative to the microtubule/autophagy-bridging function. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt failure to form a stable metaphase plate, premature sister chromatid separation, lagging chromosomes, and multipolar spindles |
| GO:1990498 mitotic spindle microtubule | IDA PMID:17234756 Depletion of the Ras association domain family 1, isoform A-... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: IDA localization to mitotic spindle microtubules, consistent with MAP1S's mitotic role. Reason: Real localization during mitosis; secondary to the core cytoplasmic microtubule/autophagy functions. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt During the different stages of mitosis detected at the spindle microtubules |
| GO:0005819 spindle | IDA PMID:18445686 EML3 is a nuclear microtubule-binding protein required for t... | ACCEPT | Summary: IDA localization to the spindle (EML3 study). Consistent with MAP1S's mitotic spindle localization. Reason: Correct localization; MAP1S is detected at the spindle during mitosis. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, spindle |
| GO:0005874 microtubule | IDA PMID:18445686 EML3 is a nuclear microtubule-binding protein required for t... | ACCEPT | Summary: IDA microtubule localization (EML3 study). Redundant with the other IDA microtubule annotations. Reason: Core localization; MAP1S associates with microtubules. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt partial localization to the microtubules |
| GO:0006914 autophagy | TAS PMID:21262964 Microtubule-associated protein 1S (MAP1S) bridges autophagic... | ACCEPT | Summary: TAS evidence that MAP1S participates in autophagy by bridging LC3/Atg8 and LRPPRC (mitochondria) to microtubules, promoting autophagosome biogenesis, trafficking and degradation. This is MAP1S's distinctive core biological process. Reason: Core biological process; the MAP1S-LC3-microtubule-LRPPRC bridge is the functionally distinctive role of MAP1S in autophagy/selective autophagy of mitochondria. Supporting Evidence: PMID:21262964 MAP1S isoforms may play positive roles in integration of autophagic components with microtubules and mitochondria in both autophagosomal biogenesis and degradation |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:17658481 The NMDAR subunit NR3A interacts with microtubule-associated... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: IPI interaction with the NMDAR subunit NR3A/GRIN3A in brain. Bare protein binding is uninformative. Reason: Records a real neuronal interaction (NR3A) but bare protein binding is uninformative. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt Interacts with ESR1, LRPPRC, RASSF1 isoform A and isoform C, microtubules and VCY2 |
| GO:0005874 microtubule | IDA PMID:17658481 The NMDAR subunit NR3A interacts with microtubule-associated... | ACCEPT | Summary: IDA microtubule localization in the NR3A/brain study. Redundant with the other IDA microtubule annotations. Reason: Core localization; MAP1S associates with microtubules. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt partial localization to the microtubules |
| GO:0042995 cell projection | IDA PMID:17658481 The NMDAR subunit NR3A interacts with microtubule-associated... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: IDA localization to cell projections (neuronal). Secondary/neuronal localization. Reason: Real neuronal-context localization; secondary to MAP1S's core cytoplasmic microtubule/autophagy roles. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt Detected in filopodia-like protrusions and synapses |
| GO:0045202 synapse | IDA PMID:17658481 The NMDAR subunit NR3A interacts with microtubule-associated... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: IDA localization to synapses in neurons (NR3A study). Consistent with the IBA synapse annotation; neuron-specific secondary localization. Reason: Real neuron-specific localization; secondary to MAP1S's core cytoplasmic functions. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt Detected in filopodia-like protrusions and synapses |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:12762840 Novel complex integrating mitochondria and the microtubular ... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: IPI interactions (including LRPPRC and RASSF1) from the study integrating mitochondria and the microtubule cytoskeleton. The LRPPRC interaction is functionally important (links to mitophagy), but bare protein binding is uninformative. Reason: Records functionally relevant interactions (LRPPRC, RASSF1) but bare protein binding is uninformative; the autophagy/microtubule-bridging function captures these. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt Interacts with ESR1, LRPPRC, RASSF1 isoform A and isoform C, microtubules and VCY2 |
| GO:0005634 nucleus | IDA PMID:12762840 Novel complex integrating mitochondria and the microtubular ... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: IDA nuclear localization. MAP1S shuttles to the nucleus (it binds DNA), but the dominant functional pool is cytoplasmic/cytoskeletal. Reason: Real but secondary nuclear localization; MAP1S core functions are cytoplasmic. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. |
| GO:0005829 cytosol | IDA PMID:12762840 Novel complex integrating mitochondria and the microtubular ... | ACCEPT | Summary: IDA cytosolic localization, consistent with MAP1S's cytoplasmic microtubule-associated distribution. Reason: Core localization; MAP1S is a cytoplasmic, microtubule-associated protein. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt Cytoplasm, cytosol |
| GO:0048487 beta-tubulin binding | IDA PMID:12762840 Novel complex integrating mitochondria and the microtubular ... | ACCEPT | Summary: IDA evidence that MAP1S binds beta-tubulin, a specific and informative molecular function underlying its microtubule association. Reason: Core molecular function; specific tubulin-binding activity of MAP1S. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt Interacts with microtubules and actin. |
| GO:0051015 actin filament binding | IDA NOT PMID:12762840 Novel complex integrating mitochondria and the microtubular ... | ACCEPT | Summary: Curated NOT (negated) annotation - this study found MAP1S does NOT bind actin filaments under the tested conditions. Note a separate study (PMID:15528209) reported positive actin filament binding (light chain), so this activity is context/construct-dependent. Reason: Accept the curated negation as-is; it records that MAP1S did not show actin-filament binding in this assay. The apparent conflict with the positive IDA reflects different experimental contexts (full-length versus light-chain constructs) and should be left for expert resolution. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt MAP1S light chain interacts with actin |
| GO:0008017 microtubule binding | TAS PMID:12762840 Novel complex integrating mitochondria and the microtubular ... | ACCEPT | Summary: TAS assignment of microtubule binding, redundant with the IBA/IEA/IDA support for this core molecular function. Reason: Core molecular function; MAP1S directly binds microtubules. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt Interacts with microtubules and actin. |
| GO:0008017 microtubule binding | IDA PMID:15528209 Microtubule-associated protein 1S, a short and ubiquitously ... | ACCEPT | Summary: IDA evidence of microtubule binding from the original MAP1S characterization paper. Core molecular function. Reason: Core molecular function; MAP1S directly binds microtubules. Supporting Evidence: PMID:15528209 Microtubule-associated protein 1S, a short and ubiquitously expressed member of the microtubule-associated protein 1 family |
| GO:0015631 tubulin binding | IDA PMID:15528209 Microtubule-associated protein 1S, a short and ubiquitously ... | ACCEPT | Summary: IDA evidence of tubulin binding from the original MAP1S characterization paper. Core molecular function. Reason: Core molecular function; MAP1S binds tubulin. Supporting Evidence: PMID:15528209 Microtubule-associated protein 1S, a short and ubiquitously expressed member of the microtubule-associated protein 1 family |
| GO:0047497 mitochondrion transport along microtubule | TAS PMID:12762840 Novel complex integrating mitochondria and the microtubular ... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: TAS assignment of mitochondrion transport along microtubules, consistent with MAP1S integrating mitochondria (via LRPPRC) with the microtubule cytoskeleton. Reason: Consistent with MAP1S's mitochondria-microtubule bridging role; retained as a non-core aspect of the broader autophagy/mitochondria-cytoskeleton function. Supporting Evidence: PMID:21262964 MAP1S interacted with mitochondrion-associated leucine-rich PPR-motif containing protein (LRPPRC) |
| GO:0048471 perinuclear region of cytoplasm | IDA PMID:12762840 Novel complex integrating mitochondria and the microtubular ... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: IDA localization to the perinuclear region, where MAP1S forms a punctate network corresponding to mitochondrial aggregates. Reason: Real cytoplasmic sub-localization tied to mitochondrial aggregation; a specific compartment within the core cytoplasmic distribution. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt Detected in perinuclear punctate network corresponding to mitochondrial aggregates |
| GO:0051015 actin filament binding | IDA PMID:15528209 Microtubule-associated protein 1S, a short and ubiquitously ... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: IDA evidence that MAP1S (light chain) binds actin filaments. Note a separate study reported NOT actin filament binding under different conditions; the activity appears context/construct-dependent. Reason: Supported actin-filament-binding activity of the light chain, but secondary to MAP1S's core microtubule role and partly contradicted by a curated NOT annotation; retained as non-core pending expert resolution. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt MAP1S light chain interacts with actin |
| GO:0001578 microtubule bundle formation | IMP PMID:15528209 Microtubule-associated protein 1S, a short and ubiquitously ... | ACCEPT | Summary: IMP evidence that MAP1S participates in microtubule bundle formation, a direct consequence of its microtubule cross-linking activity. Core process. Reason: Core biological process; MAP1S cross-links and bundles microtubules. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt Involved in the formation of microtubule bundles |
| GO:0003677 DNA binding | IDA PMID:15907802 Putative tumor suppressor RASSF1 interactive protein and cel... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: IDA evidence that MAP1S (C19ORF5) binds DNA. A real but secondary molecular function relative to its microtubule/autophagy roles. Reason: Experimentally supported DNA binding, but secondary to MAP1S's core cytoskeletal/autophagy functions and of uncertain physiological role. Supporting Evidence: PMID:15907802 C19ORF5 is a DNA binding protein |
| GO:0004536 DNA nuclease activity | IDA NOT PMID:15907802 Putative tumor suppressor RASSF1 interactive protein and cel... | ACCEPT | Summary: Curated NOT (negated) annotation - the study showed MAP1S binds DNA but does NOT have DNA nuclease activity. The negation is appropriate and informative. Reason: Accept the curated negation; it correctly records that MAP1S lacks DNA nuclease activity despite binding DNA. Supporting Evidence: PMID:15907802 C19ORF5 is a DNA binding protein |
| GO:0005515 protein binding | IPI PMID:15907802 Putative tumor suppressor RASSF1 interactive protein and cel... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: IPI interaction (RASSF1, P42704/LRPPRC) from the C19ORF5 DNA-binding study. Bare protein binding is uninformative. Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding is uninformative. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt Interacts with ESR1, LRPPRC, RASSF1 isoform A and isoform C, microtubules and VCY2 |
| GO:0005874 microtubule | IDA PMID:15528209 Microtubule-associated protein 1S, a short and ubiquitously ... | ACCEPT | Summary: IDA microtubule localization from the original MAP1S characterization. Redundant with the other IDA microtubule annotations. Reason: Core localization; MAP1S associates with microtubules. Supporting Evidence: PMID:15528209 Microtubule-associated protein 1S, a short and ubiquitously expressed member of the microtubule-associated protein 1 family |
| GO:0007399 nervous system development | ISS PMID:16297881 Microtubule-associated protein 8 contains two microtubule bi... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: ISS assignment of nervous system development by sequence similarity (to the mouse ortholog). Broad neuronal developmental role. Reason: Broad neuronal developmental process inferred by similarity; secondary for ubiquitously expressed MAP1S. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt Belongs to the MAP1 family. |
| GO:0007420 brain development | ISS PMID:15528209 Microtubule-associated protein 1S, a short and ubiquitously ... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: ISS assignment of brain development by similarity to the mouse ortholog. Broad neuronal developmental role. Reason: Broad neuronal developmental process inferred by similarity; secondary for ubiquitously expressed MAP1S. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt Belongs to the MAP1 family. |
| GO:0030425 dendrite | ISS PMID:15528209 Microtubule-associated protein 1S, a short and ubiquitously ... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: ISS assignment of dendrite localization by similarity to the mouse ortholog. Neuron-specific secondary localization. Reason: Neuron-specific localization inferred by similarity; secondary for ubiquitously expressed MAP1S. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt Belongs to the MAP1 family. |
| GO:0043025 neuronal cell body | ISS PMID:15528209 Microtubule-associated protein 1S, a short and ubiquitously ... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: ISS assignment of neuronal cell body localization by similarity to the mouse ortholog. Neuron-specific secondary localization. Reason: Neuron-specific localization inferred by similarity; secondary for ubiquitously expressed MAP1S. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt Belongs to the MAP1 family. |
| GO:0048812 neuron projection morphogenesis | IEP PMID:15528209 Microtubule-associated protein 1S, a short and ubiquitously ... | KEEP AS NON CORE | Summary: IEP (expression-pattern) assignment of neuron projection morphogenesis. A neuronal developmental role consistent with MAP1S's microtubule function in neurons. Reason: Neuronal developmental role inferred from expression; secondary for ubiquitously expressed MAP1S. Supporting Evidence: file:human/MAP1S/MAP1S-uniprot.txt Expressed in neurons (at protein level) |
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Download this section (compressed HTML)Q: Is the MAP1S-LC3-microtubule-LRPPRC bridge selective for mitophagy (clearance of defective mitochondria) or does it support bulk autophagosome trafficking more generally, and how is its activity regulated by the extensive phosphorylation of MAP1S?
Q: How are MAP1S's distinct functional pools (microtubule/autophagy cytoplasmic pool versus the mitotic spindle/MTOC pool versus the DNA-binding nuclear pool) partitioned across the cell cycle and differentiation?
Experiment: Live-cell imaging of LC3/autophagosome trafficking along microtubules in MAP1S-knockout versus wild-type cells under nutrient starvation and mitochondrial depolarization (CCCP) to quantify the contribution of MAP1S to autophagosome motility and mitophagic flux.
Experiment: Structure-function dissection using separation-of-function MAP1S mutants (LC3-binding-deficient versus LRPPRC-binding-deficient versus microtubule-binding-deficient) to dissociate the autophagy-bridging role from the mitotic/MTOC-anchoring role.
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