TBK1

UniProt ID: Q9UHD2
Organism: Homo sapiens
Review Status: COMPLETE
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Gene Description

TBK1 (TANK-binding kinase 1) is a cytoplasmic non-canonical IKB kinase (IKK)-related serine/threonine protein kinase. Its domain architecture comprises an N-terminal protein kinase domain, a ubiquitin-like domain (ULD), a scaffold/dimerization domain, and a C-terminal coiled-coil region that mediates homodimerization; the active kinase is generated by trans-autophosphorylation at Ser172. TBK1 is a master kinase of innate antiviral immunity: downstream of cytoplasmic nucleic-acid sensors (RIG-I/MDA5 via MAVS; cGAS via STING1) and endosomal Toll-like receptors (TLR3/TLR4 via TRIF/TICAM1), TBK1 phosphorylates these adaptor proteins on their pLxIS motif to recruit and then phosphorylate the transcription factors IRF3 and IRF7, driving their dimerization, nuclear translocation, and induction of type I interferons (IFN-alpha/IFN-beta) and other antiviral/pro-inflammatory genes. It is the kinase effector of the cGAS-STING DNA-sensing pathway and was originally identified as an NF-kappaB-activating kinase (binding the adaptor TANK), phosphorylating RELA/NFKBIA/IKBKB under particular conditions. TBK1 is also a central kinase of selective autophagy: it phosphorylates the autophagy cargo receptors OPTN/optineurin (Ser177), SQSTM1/p62, NDP52/CALCOCO2 and TAX1BP1 to enhance their ubiquitin- and LC3-binding and drive mitophagy and antibacterial xenophagy, and it phosphorylates SMCR8 (in the C9orf72-SMCR8 complex) and the ATG8 proteins MAP1LC3C and GABARAPL2 to promote autophagosome maturation. TBK1 assembles into kinase complexes with scaffolding adaptors AZI2/NAP1, TANK and TBKBP1/SINTBAD. Additional context-dependent roles include bidirectional regulation of mTORC1/mTORC2 signaling, AKT1 activation, and immune cell differentiation. TBK1 activity is antagonized by numerous viral proteins, and human mutations cause familial ALS/frontotemporal dementia (haploinsufficiency), normal-tension/primary open-angle glaucoma, herpes-simplex encephalopathy, and autoinflammatory disease.

Existing Annotations Review

GO Term Evidence Action Reason
GO:0005737 cytoplasm
IBA
GO_REF:0000033
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytoplasm: the core compartment where TBK1 assembles into signaling complexes and phosphorylates its substrates.
Reason: Core cytoplasmic localization, experimentally supported.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0004674 protein serine/threonine kinase activity
IBA
GO_REF:0000033
ACCEPT
Summary: TBK1 is a non-canonical IKK-related serine/threonine protein kinase; this is its core, extensively documented molecular function (trans-autophosphorylation at Ser172; phosphorylation of IRF3/IRF7, the adaptors MAVS/STING1/TICAM1, OPTN, SMCR8, ATG8s, etc.).
Reason: Core molecular function directly demonstrated by multiple experimental studies.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating inflammatory responses to foreign agents
GO:0002218 activation of innate immune response
IBA
GO_REF:0000033
ACCEPT
Summary: Activation of innate immune response: core process; TBK1 activation is a central node in innate antiviral signaling.
Reason: Core biological process directly supported by experimental evidence.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
acts by first phosphorylating innate adapter proteins MAVS, STING1 and TICAM1 on their pLxIS motif, leading to recruitment of IRF3, thereby licensing IRF3 for phosphorylation by TBK1
GO:0032481 positive regulation of type I interferon production
IBA
GO_REF:0000033
ACCEPT
Summary: Positive regulation of type I interferon production: core process by which TBK1 phosphorylates IRF3/IRF7 to induce IFN-alpha/IFN-beta.
Reason: Core biological process; TBK1 drives type I IFN induction via IRF3/IRF7 phosphorylation.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
acts by first phosphorylating innate adapter proteins MAVS, STING1 and TICAM1 on their pLxIS motif, leading to recruitment of IRF3, thereby licensing IRF3 for phosphorylation by TBK1
GO:0002218 activation of innate immune response
IEA
GO_REF:0000117
ACCEPT
Summary: Activation of innate immune response: core process; TBK1 activation is a central node in innate antiviral signaling.
Reason: Core biological process directly supported by experimental evidence.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
acts by first phosphorylating innate adapter proteins MAVS, STING1 and TICAM1 on their pLxIS motif, leading to recruitment of IRF3, thereby licensing IRF3 for phosphorylation by TBK1
GO:0004672 protein kinase activity
IEA
GO_REF:0000002
ACCEPT
Summary: TBK1 is a non-canonical IKK-related serine/threonine protein kinase; this is its core, extensively documented molecular function (trans-autophosphorylation at Ser172; phosphorylation of IRF3/IRF7, the adaptors MAVS/STING1/TICAM1, OPTN, SMCR8, ATG8s, etc.).
Reason: Core molecular function directly demonstrated by multiple experimental studies.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating inflammatory responses to foreign agents
GO:0004674 protein serine/threonine kinase activity
IEA
GO_REF:0000120
ACCEPT
Summary: TBK1 is a non-canonical IKK-related serine/threonine protein kinase; this is its core, extensively documented molecular function (trans-autophosphorylation at Ser172; phosphorylation of IRF3/IRF7, the adaptors MAVS/STING1/TICAM1, OPTN, SMCR8, ATG8s, etc.).
Reason: Core molecular function directly demonstrated by multiple experimental studies.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating inflammatory responses to foreign agents
GO:0005524 ATP binding
IEA
GO_REF:0000002
ACCEPT
Summary: ATP binding by the kinase domain, part of the catalytic mechanism of TBK1.
Reason: Correct and integral to the core protein kinase activity.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating inflammatory responses to foreign agents
GO:0005737 cytoplasm
IEA
GO_REF:0000044
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytoplasm: the core compartment where TBK1 assembles into signaling complexes and phosphorylates its substrates.
Reason: Core cytoplasmic localization, experimentally supported.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0006952 defense response
IEA
GO_REF:0000117
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Defense response: a generic parent of TBK1's specific antiviral/innate-immune role.
Reason: Correct but generic; the specific antiviral-innate-immune-response and type-I-IFN-production terms capture the core function more precisely.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
acts by first phosphorylating innate adapter proteins MAVS, STING1 and TICAM1 on their pLxIS motif, leading to recruitment of IRF3, thereby licensing IRF3 for phosphorylation by TBK1
GO:0016239 positive regulation of macroautophagy
IEA
GO_REF:0000117
ACCEPT
Summary: Positive regulation of macroautophagy: core process; TBK1 phosphorylates autophagy receptors (OPTN Ser177) and SMCR8 to promote selective autophagy and autophagosome maturation.
Reason: Core biological process directly demonstrated (OPTN, SMCR8, ATG8 phosphorylation).
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Restricts bacterial proliferation by phosphorylating the autophagy receptor OPTN/Optineurin on 'Ser-177', thus enhancing LC3 binding affinity and antibacterial autophagy
GO:0032008 positive regulation of TOR signaling
IEA
GO_REF:0000117
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Positive regulation of TOR signaling (IEA): generic mTOR-pathway parent; secondary/pleiotropic.
Reason: Generic and context-dependent; non-core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
activates mTORC1 in response to growth factors by catalyzing phosphorylation of MTOR
GO:0032728 positive regulation of interferon-beta production
IEA
GO_REF:0000117
ACCEPT
Summary: Positive regulation of interferon-beta production: a specific, core output of TBK1-mediated IRF3 activation.
Reason: Core biological process; TBK1 induces IFN-beta via IRF3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
transcriptional activation of pro-inflammatory and antiviral genes including IFNA and IFNB
GO:0043123 positive regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction
IEA
GO_REF:0000117
ACCEPT
Summary: Positive regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction: the founding role of TBK1 (TANK-binding kinase) as an IKK-related NF-kappaB-activating kinase.
Reason: Well-supported biological process; TBK1 was identified as an NF-kappaB-activating IKK-related kinase and phosphorylates RELA/NFKBIA/IKBKB under particular conditions.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
functions as a NF-kappa-B effector by phosphorylating NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha/NFKBIA, IKBKB or RELA to translocate NF-Kappa-B to the nucleus
GO:0051707 response to other organism
IEA
GO_REF:0000117
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Response to other organism: a generic parent of TBK1's specific antiviral/innate-immune role.
Reason: Correct but generic; the specific antiviral-innate-immune-response and type-I-IFN-production terms capture the core function more precisely.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
acts by first phosphorylating innate adapter proteins MAVS, STING1 and TICAM1 on their pLxIS motif, leading to recruitment of IRF3, thereby licensing IRF3 for phosphorylation by TBK1
GO:0106310 protein serine kinase activity
IEA
GO_REF:0000116
ACCEPT
Summary: TBK1 is a non-canonical IKK-related serine/threonine protein kinase; this is its core, extensively documented molecular function (trans-autophosphorylation at Ser172; phosphorylation of IRF3/IRF7, the adaptors MAVS/STING1/TICAM1, OPTN, SMCR8, ATG8s, etc.).
Reason: Core molecular function directly demonstrated by multiple experimental studies.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating inflammatory responses to foreign agents
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:14743216
A physical and functional map of the human TNF-alpha/NF-kapp...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:15841462
Interaction between the HCV NS3 protein and the host TBK1 pr...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:16306936
Critical role of TRAF3 in the Toll-like receptor-dependent a...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:17568778
SINTBAD, a novel component of innate antiviral immunity, sha...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:17599067
Involvement of the ubiquitin-like domain of TBK1/IKK-i kinas...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:18307994
Enhanced binding of TBK1 by an optineurin mutant that causes...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:18583960
The DEAD-box helicase DDX3X is a critical component of the T...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:18724357
STING is an endoplasmic reticulum adaptor that facilitates i...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:19153231
Ebola virus protein VP35 impairs the function of interferon ...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:19380580
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus M protein inhi...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:19416887
ISG56 is a negative-feedback regulator of virus-triggered si...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:19433799
ERIS, an endoplasmic reticulum IFN stimulator, activates inn...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:20098747
Expanding the substantial interactome of NEMO using protein ...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:20562859
Network organization of the human autophagy system.
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:21903422
Mapping a dynamic innate immunity protein interaction networ...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:21931555
Vaccinia virus protein C6 is a virulence factor that binds T...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:21988832
Toward an understanding of the protein interaction network o...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:22000020
Activation of STAT6 by STING is critical for antiviral innat...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:22939624
Quantitative analysis of HSP90-client interactions reveals p...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:23096996
Hepatitis C virus NS2 protease inhibits host cell antiviral ...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:23414517
A human skeletal muscle interactome centered on proteins inv...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:23542348
Hepatitis C virus NS4B blocks the interaction of STING and T...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:24509444
Suppression of innate antiviral response by severe acute res...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:24622840
SARS coronavirus papain-like protease inhibits the type I in...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:24643253
MAVS protein is attenuated by rotavirus nonstructural protei...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:24696485
Murine gammaherpesvirus 68 encoding open reading frame 11 ta...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:24807708
RIOK3 is an adaptor protein required for IRF3-mediated antiv...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:25803835
Haploinsufficiency of TBK1 causes familial ALS and fronto-te...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:27086836
The TBK1-binding domain of optineurin promotes type I interf...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:27094905
Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus M protein suppr...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:27135603
A TRAF-like motif of the inducible costimulator ICOS control...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:28514442
Architecture of the human interactome defines protein commun...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:29251827
Quantitative Proteomics Identified TTC4 as a TBK1 Interactor...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:30561431
A protein-protein interaction map of the TNF-induced NF-ΞΊB s...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:32353859
A SARS-CoV-2 protein interaction map reveals targets for dru...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:32707033
Kinase Interaction Network Expands Functional and Disease Ro...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:32979938
Evasion of Type I Interferon by SARS-CoV-2.
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:33060197
Comparative host-coronavirus protein interaction networks re...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:33372174
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:33707416
SARS-CoV-2 non-structural protein 13 (nsp13) hijacks host de...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:33961781
Dual proteome-scale networks reveal cell-specific remodeling...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:34084167
SARS-CoV-2 Membrane Protein Inhibits Type I Interferon Produ...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:34166398
SARS-CoV-2 viral proteins NSP1 and NSP13 inhibit interferon ...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:34524948
Global Proximity Interactome of the Human Macroautophagy Pat...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:37219487
Large-scale phosphomimetic screening identifies phospho-modu...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:40205054
Multimodal cell maps as a foundation for structural and func...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0003676 nucleic acid binding
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Nucleic acid binding, transferred electronically from the mouse ortholog (Ensembl Compara). TBK1 is a protein serine/threonine kinase; there is no experimental support for it being a sequence-nonspecific nucleic-acid-binding protein.
Reason: Electronic ortholog transfer with no experimental basis for TBK1; biologically implausible as a molecular function for this protein kinase. Flagged as over-annotation (electronic, not experimental).
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating inflammatory responses to foreign agents
GO:0010629 negative regulation of gene expression
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
MARK AS OVER ANNOTATED
Summary: Negative regulation of gene expression, transferred electronically from the mouse ortholog. The documented role of TBK1 is to positively drive antiviral/inflammatory gene expression (IFNs) via IRF3/IRF7; a generic negative-regulation term mischaracterizes the core function.
Reason: Overly generic electronic ortholog transfer that does not reflect the documented positive, IRF-driven transcriptional role; flagged as over-annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
leading to transcriptional activation of pro-inflammatory and antiviral genes including IFNA and IFNB
GO:0019903 protein phosphatase binding
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Protein phosphatase binding, inferred by orthology (IEA/ISS). Relates to regulation of TBK1 phosphorylation status; not a core function.
Reason: Orthology-based interaction property; non-core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating inflammatory responses to foreign agents
GO:0042802 identical protein binding
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Identical protein binding (homodimerization), inferred electronically from the mouse ortholog. TBK1 does homodimerize via its C-terminal coiled-coil, but the term is uninformative.
Reason: Real homodimerization but the term is uninformative; the coiled-coil-mediated dimerization is better described at the structural level.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
and a C-terminal coiled-coil region mediating homodimerization.
GO:0060340 positive regulation of type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Positive regulation of type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway (IEA ortholog). Same caveat as GO:0060337 - TBK1's documented role is in IFN induction rather than downstream IFN-receptor signaling.
Reason: Orthology-based; imprecise relative to TBK1's induction role. Non-core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
acts by first phosphorylating innate adapter proteins MAVS, STING1 and TICAM1 on their pLxIS motif, leading to recruitment of IRF3, thereby licensing IRF3 for phosphorylation by TBK1
GO:1904417 positive regulation of xenophagy
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
ACCEPT
Summary: Positive regulation of xenophagy: TBK1 phosphorylates OPTN on Ser177 to drive selective autophagy of cytosolic bacteria (e.g. Salmonella).
Reason: Core biological process directly demonstrated for antibacterial (xeno)phagy.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Restricts bacterial proliferation by phosphorylating the autophagy receptor OPTN/Optineurin on 'Ser-177', thus enhancing LC3 binding affinity and antibacterial autophagy
GO:1904515 positive regulation of TORC2 signaling
IEA
GO_REF:0000107
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Positive regulation of TORC2 signaling (ISS/IEA, by orthology): TBK1 promotes mTORC2-dependent AKT1 activation. Secondary/pleiotropic role.
Reason: Orthology-based, secondary role; non-core relative to innate immunity/autophagy.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Acts as a positive regulator of the mTORC2 complex by mediating phosphorylation of MTOR
GO:0016236 macroautophagy
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-5205685
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Macroautophagy (Reactome PINK1-PRKN mitophagy TAS). A generic parent of TBK1's specific positive-regulatory autophagy role.
Reason: Correct but generic; the positive-regulation-of-macroautophagy/xenophagy terms capture the core function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Restricts bacterial proliferation by phosphorylating the autophagy receptor OPTN/Optineurin on 'Ser-177', thus enhancing LC3 binding affinity and antibacterial autophagy
GO:0032481 positive regulation of type I interferon production
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-1834941
ACCEPT
Summary: Positive regulation of type I interferon production: core process by which TBK1 phosphorylates IRF3/IRF7 to induce IFN-alpha/IFN-beta.
Reason: Core biological process; TBK1 drives type I IFN induction via IRF3/IRF7 phosphorylation.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
acts by first phosphorylating innate adapter proteins MAVS, STING1 and TICAM1 on their pLxIS motif, leading to recruitment of IRF3, thereby licensing IRF3 for phosphorylation by TBK1
GO:0032481 positive regulation of type I interferon production
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-3270619
ACCEPT
Summary: Positive regulation of type I interferon production: core process by which TBK1 phosphorylates IRF3/IRF7 to induce IFN-alpha/IFN-beta.
Reason: Core biological process; TBK1 drives type I IFN induction via IRF3/IRF7 phosphorylation.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
acts by first phosphorylating innate adapter proteins MAVS, STING1 and TICAM1 on their pLxIS motif, leading to recruitment of IRF3, thereby licensing IRF3 for phosphorylation by TBK1
GO:0004674 protein serine/threonine kinase activity
EXP
PMID:27035970
Phosphorylation of OPTN by TBK1 enhances its binding to Ub c...
ACCEPT
Summary: TBK1 is a non-canonical IKK-related serine/threonine protein kinase; this is its core, extensively documented molecular function (trans-autophosphorylation at Ser172; phosphorylation of IRF3/IRF7, the adaptors MAVS/STING1/TICAM1, OPTN, SMCR8, ATG8s, etc.).
Reason: Core molecular function directly demonstrated by multiple experimental studies.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating inflammatory responses to foreign agents
GO:0004674 protein serine/threonine kinase activity
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-2396007
ACCEPT
Summary: TBK1 is a non-canonical IKK-related serine/threonine protein kinase; this is its core, extensively documented molecular function (trans-autophosphorylation at Ser172; phosphorylation of IRF3/IRF7, the adaptors MAVS/STING1/TICAM1, OPTN, SMCR8, ATG8s, etc.).
Reason: Core molecular function directly demonstrated by multiple experimental studies.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating inflammatory responses to foreign agents
GO:0004674 protein serine/threonine kinase activity
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-3249371
ACCEPT
Summary: TBK1 is a non-canonical IKK-related serine/threonine protein kinase; this is its core, extensively documented molecular function (trans-autophosphorylation at Ser172; phosphorylation of IRF3/IRF7, the adaptors MAVS/STING1/TICAM1, OPTN, SMCR8, ATG8s, etc.).
Reason: Core molecular function directly demonstrated by multiple experimental studies.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating inflammatory responses to foreign agents
GO:0004674 protein serine/threonine kinase activity
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-933525
ACCEPT
Summary: TBK1 is a non-canonical IKK-related serine/threonine protein kinase; this is its core, extensively documented molecular function (trans-autophosphorylation at Ser172; phosphorylation of IRF3/IRF7, the adaptors MAVS/STING1/TICAM1, OPTN, SMCR8, ATG8s, etc.).
Reason: Core molecular function directly demonstrated by multiple experimental studies.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating inflammatory responses to foreign agents
GO:0005654 nucleoplasm
IDA
GO_REF:0000052
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Nucleoplasm (IDA, immunofluorescence/HPA): a minor pool. TBK1 is predominantly cytoplasmic and acts there.
Reason: Minor/secondary localization; the dominant functional pool is cytoplasmic.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005737 cytoplasm
EXP
PMID:15485837
NAK is recruited to the TNFR1 complex in a TNFalpha-dependen...
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytoplasm: the core compartment where TBK1 assembles into signaling complexes and phosphorylates its substrates.
Reason: Core cytoplasmic localization, experimentally supported.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005737 cytoplasm
EXP
PMID:32298923
E3 ubiquitin ligase ASB8 negatively regulates interferon via...
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytoplasm: the core compartment where TBK1 assembles into signaling complexes and phosphorylates its substrates.
Reason: Core cytoplasmic localization, experimentally supported.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0106310 protein serine kinase activity
EXP
PMID:10783893
NAK is an IkappaB kinase-activating kinase.
ACCEPT
Summary: TBK1 is a non-canonical IKK-related serine/threonine protein kinase; this is its core, extensively documented molecular function (trans-autophosphorylation at Ser172; phosphorylation of IRF3/IRF7, the adaptors MAVS/STING1/TICAM1, OPTN, SMCR8, ATG8s, etc.).
Reason: Core molecular function directly demonstrated by multiple experimental studies.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating inflammatory responses to foreign agents
GO:0106310 protein serine kinase activity
EXP
PMID:14703513
Identification of Ser-386 of interferon regulatory factor 3 ...
ACCEPT
Summary: TBK1 is a non-canonical IKK-related serine/threonine protein kinase; this is its core, extensively documented molecular function (trans-autophosphorylation at Ser172; phosphorylation of IRF3/IRF7, the adaptors MAVS/STING1/TICAM1, OPTN, SMCR8, ATG8s, etc.).
Reason: Core molecular function directly demonstrated by multiple experimental studies.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating inflammatory responses to foreign agents
GO:0106310 protein serine kinase activity
EXP
PMID:15367631
Activation of TBK1 and IKKvarepsilon kinases by vesicular st...
ACCEPT
Summary: TBK1 is a non-canonical IKK-related serine/threonine protein kinase; this is its core, extensively documented molecular function (trans-autophosphorylation at Ser172; phosphorylation of IRF3/IRF7, the adaptors MAVS/STING1/TICAM1, OPTN, SMCR8, ATG8s, etc.).
Reason: Core molecular function directly demonstrated by multiple experimental studies.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating inflammatory responses to foreign agents
GO:0106310 protein serine kinase activity
EXP
PMID:18583960
The DEAD-box helicase DDX3X is a critical component of the T...
ACCEPT
Summary: TBK1 is a non-canonical IKK-related serine/threonine protein kinase; this is its core, extensively documented molecular function (trans-autophosphorylation at Ser172; phosphorylation of IRF3/IRF7, the adaptors MAVS/STING1/TICAM1, OPTN, SMCR8, ATG8s, etc.).
Reason: Core molecular function directly demonstrated by multiple experimental studies.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating inflammatory responses to foreign agents
GO:0106310 protein serine kinase activity
EXP
PMID:21138416
Novel cross-talk within the IKK family controls innate immun...
ACCEPT
Summary: TBK1 is a non-canonical IKK-related serine/threonine protein kinase; this is its core, extensively documented molecular function (trans-autophosphorylation at Ser172; phosphorylation of IRF3/IRF7, the adaptors MAVS/STING1/TICAM1, OPTN, SMCR8, ATG8s, etc.).
Reason: Core molecular function directly demonstrated by multiple experimental studies.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating inflammatory responses to foreign agents
GO:0106310 protein serine kinase activity
EXP
PMID:21270402
TANK-binding kinase 1 attenuates PTAP-dependent retroviral b...
ACCEPT
Summary: TBK1 is a non-canonical IKK-related serine/threonine protein kinase; this is its core, extensively documented molecular function (trans-autophosphorylation at Ser172; phosphorylation of IRF3/IRF7, the adaptors MAVS/STING1/TICAM1, OPTN, SMCR8, ATG8s, etc.).
Reason: Core molecular function directly demonstrated by multiple experimental studies.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating inflammatory responses to foreign agents
GO:0106310 protein serine kinase activity
EXP
PMID:21464307
IkappaB kinase epsilon and TANK-binding kinase 1 activate AK...
ACCEPT
Summary: TBK1 is a non-canonical IKK-related serine/threonine protein kinase; this is its core, extensively documented molecular function (trans-autophosphorylation at Ser172; phosphorylation of IRF3/IRF7, the adaptors MAVS/STING1/TICAM1, OPTN, SMCR8, ATG8s, etc.).
Reason: Core molecular function directly demonstrated by multiple experimental studies.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating inflammatory responses to foreign agents
GO:0106310 protein serine kinase activity
EXP
PMID:21617041
Phosphorylation of the autophagy receptor optineurin restric...
ACCEPT
Summary: TBK1 is a non-canonical IKK-related serine/threonine protein kinase; this is its core, extensively documented molecular function (trans-autophosphorylation at Ser172; phosphorylation of IRF3/IRF7, the adaptors MAVS/STING1/TICAM1, OPTN, SMCR8, ATG8s, etc.).
Reason: Core molecular function directly demonstrated by multiple experimental studies.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating inflammatory responses to foreign agents
GO:0106310 protein serine kinase activity
EXP
PMID:25636800
Phosphorylation of innate immune adaptor proteins MAVS, STIN...
ACCEPT
Summary: TBK1 is a non-canonical IKK-related serine/threonine protein kinase; this is its core, extensively documented molecular function (trans-autophosphorylation at Ser172; phosphorylation of IRF3/IRF7, the adaptors MAVS/STING1/TICAM1, OPTN, SMCR8, ATG8s, etc.).
Reason: Core molecular function directly demonstrated by multiple experimental studies.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating inflammatory responses to foreign agents
GO:0106310 protein serine kinase activity
EXP
PMID:29150432
The IKK-related kinase TBK1 activates mTORC1 directly in res...
ACCEPT
Summary: TBK1 is a non-canonical IKK-related serine/threonine protein kinase; this is its core, extensively documented molecular function (trans-autophosphorylation at Ser172; phosphorylation of IRF3/IRF7, the adaptors MAVS/STING1/TICAM1, OPTN, SMCR8, ATG8s, etc.).
Reason: Core molecular function directly demonstrated by multiple experimental studies.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating inflammatory responses to foreign agents
GO:0106310 protein serine kinase activity
EXP
PMID:31530866
TBK1 Limits mTORC1 by Promoting Phosphorylation of Raptor Se...
ACCEPT
Summary: TBK1 is a non-canonical IKK-related serine/threonine protein kinase; this is its core, extensively documented molecular function (trans-autophosphorylation at Ser172; phosphorylation of IRF3/IRF7, the adaptors MAVS/STING1/TICAM1, OPTN, SMCR8, ATG8s, etc.).
Reason: Core molecular function directly demonstrated by multiple experimental studies.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating inflammatory responses to foreign agents
GO:0106310 protein serine kinase activity
EXP
PMID:31709703
TBK1-mediated phosphorylation of LC3C and GABARAP-L2 control...
ACCEPT
Summary: TBK1 is a non-canonical IKK-related serine/threonine protein kinase; this is its core, extensively documented molecular function (trans-autophosphorylation at Ser172; phosphorylation of IRF3/IRF7, the adaptors MAVS/STING1/TICAM1, OPTN, SMCR8, ATG8s, etc.).
Reason: Core molecular function directly demonstrated by multiple experimental studies.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating inflammatory responses to foreign agents
GO:0051607 defense response to virus
NAS
PMID:17142768
NAK-associated protein 1 participates in both the TLR3 and t...
ACCEPT
Summary: Defense response to virus: a core, well-supported biological process; TBK1 is essential for antiviral defense via IRF3/type I IFN.
Reason: Core biological process strongly supported across the literature.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
acts by first phosphorylating innate adapter proteins MAVS, STING1 and TICAM1 on their pLxIS motif, leading to recruitment of IRF3, thereby licensing IRF3 for phosphorylation by TBK1
GO:0051607 defense response to virus
NAS
PMID:21931631
Functional dissection of the TBK1 molecular network.
ACCEPT
Summary: Defense response to virus: a core, well-supported biological process; TBK1 is essential for antiviral defense via IRF3/type I IFN.
Reason: Core biological process strongly supported across the literature.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
acts by first phosphorylating innate adapter proteins MAVS, STING1 and TICAM1 on their pLxIS motif, leading to recruitment of IRF3, thereby licensing IRF3 for phosphorylation by TBK1
GO:0051607 defense response to virus
NAS
PMID:24622840
SARS coronavirus papain-like protease inhibits the type I in...
ACCEPT
Summary: Defense response to virus: a core, well-supported biological process; TBK1 is essential for antiviral defense via IRF3/type I IFN.
Reason: Core biological process strongly supported across the literature.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
acts by first phosphorylating innate adapter proteins MAVS, STING1 and TICAM1 on their pLxIS motif, leading to recruitment of IRF3, thereby licensing IRF3 for phosphorylation by TBK1
GO:0060337 type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway
NAS
PMID:17142768
NAK-associated protein 1 participates in both the TLR3 and t...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway. TBK1 acts in IFN *induction* (driving IRF3/IFN gene expression) rather than in downstream IFN-receptor (JAK/STAT) signaling that this term most precisely denotes.
Reason: Correct pathway context but imprecise: TBK1's role is upstream IFN induction; the positive-regulation-of-type-I-IFN-production terms capture the core function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
acts by first phosphorylating innate adapter proteins MAVS, STING1 and TICAM1 on their pLxIS motif, leading to recruitment of IRF3, thereby licensing IRF3 for phosphorylation by TBK1
GO:0060337 type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway
NAS
PMID:21931631
Functional dissection of the TBK1 molecular network.
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Type I interferon-mediated signaling pathway. TBK1 acts in IFN *induction* (driving IRF3/IFN gene expression) rather than in downstream IFN-receptor (JAK/STAT) signaling that this term most precisely denotes.
Reason: Correct pathway context but imprecise: TBK1's role is upstream IFN induction; the positive-regulation-of-type-I-IFN-production terms capture the core function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
acts by first phosphorylating innate adapter proteins MAVS, STING1 and TICAM1 on their pLxIS motif, leading to recruitment of IRF3, thereby licensing IRF3 for phosphorylation by TBK1
GO:1902554 serine/threonine protein kinase complex
NAS
PMID:17142768
NAK-associated protein 1 participates in both the TLR3 and t...
ACCEPT
Summary: Serine/threonine protein kinase complex: TBK1 functions within kinase complexes (e.g. the TBK1-IKKepsilon-NAP1/TANK/SINTBAD complexes).
Reason: Core cellular component; TBK1 acts as part of ser/thr kinase complexes with its adaptors.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
several scaffolding molecules including FADD, TRADD, MAVS, AZI2, TANK or TBKBP1/SINTBAD can be recruited to the TBK1-containing-complexes
GO:1902554 serine/threonine protein kinase complex
NAS
PMID:21931631
Functional dissection of the TBK1 molecular network.
ACCEPT
Summary: Serine/threonine protein kinase complex: TBK1 functions within kinase complexes (e.g. the TBK1-IKKepsilon-NAP1/TANK/SINTBAD complexes).
Reason: Core cellular component; TBK1 acts as part of ser/thr kinase complexes with its adaptors.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
several scaffolding molecules including FADD, TRADD, MAVS, AZI2, TANK or TBKBP1/SINTBAD can be recruited to the TBK1-containing-complexes
GO:1902554 serine/threonine protein kinase complex
NAS
PMID:24622840
SARS coronavirus papain-like protease inhibits the type I in...
ACCEPT
Summary: Serine/threonine protein kinase complex: TBK1 functions within kinase complexes (e.g. the TBK1-IKKepsilon-NAP1/TANK/SINTBAD complexes).
Reason: Core cellular component; TBK1 acts as part of ser/thr kinase complexes with its adaptors.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
several scaffolding molecules including FADD, TRADD, MAVS, AZI2, TANK or TBKBP1/SINTBAD can be recruited to the TBK1-containing-complexes
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:18818105
The adaptor protein MITA links virus-sensing receptors to IR...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0002753 cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway
IDA
PMID:29441066
TANK-Binding Kinase 1 (TBK1) Isoforms Negatively Regulate Ty...
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptor signaling pathway: TBK1 functions downstream of cytoplasmic RNA/DNA sensors (RIG-I/MDA5-MAVS, cGAS-STING).
Reason: Core biological process; TBK1 transduces cytoplasmic PRR signals to IRF3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
acts by first phosphorylating innate adapter proteins MAVS, STING1 and TICAM1
GO:0004674 protein serine/threonine kinase activity
IDA
PMID:14703513
Identification of Ser-386 of interferon regulatory factor 3 ...
ACCEPT
Summary: TBK1 is a non-canonical IKK-related serine/threonine protein kinase; this is its core, extensively documented molecular function (trans-autophosphorylation at Ser172; phosphorylation of IRF3/IRF7, the adaptors MAVS/STING1/TICAM1, OPTN, SMCR8, ATG8s, etc.).
Reason: Core molecular function directly demonstrated by multiple experimental studies.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating inflammatory responses to foreign agents
GO:0005737 cytoplasm
IDA
PMID:14703513
Identification of Ser-386 of interferon regulatory factor 3 ...
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytoplasm: the core compartment where TBK1 assembles into signaling complexes and phosphorylates its substrates.
Reason: Core cytoplasmic localization, experimentally supported.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0061629 RNA polymerase II-specific DNA-binding transcription factor binding
IPI
PMID:22412986
Activation of interferon regulatory factor 5 by site specifi...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: RNA polymerase II transcription factor binding (IRF5), recording TBK1 binding to its IRF substrate. The informative function is the kinase activity that phosphorylates IRFs.
Reason: Records an IRF (substrate) interaction; subsumed by the core kinase activity and IFN-production annotations.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7
GO:0106310 protein serine kinase activity
IDA
PMID:22412986
Activation of interferon regulatory factor 5 by site specifi...
ACCEPT
Summary: TBK1 is a non-canonical IKK-related serine/threonine protein kinase; this is its core, extensively documented molecular function (trans-autophosphorylation at Ser172; phosphorylation of IRF3/IRF7, the adaptors MAVS/STING1/TICAM1, OPTN, SMCR8, ATG8s, etc.).
Reason: Core molecular function directly demonstrated by multiple experimental studies.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating inflammatory responses to foreign agents
GO:0140896 cGAS/STING signaling pathway
TAS
PMID:37403426
MicroRNA-4691-3p inhibits the inflammatory response by targe...
ACCEPT
Summary: cGAS/STING signaling pathway: TBK1 is the kinase recruited by activated STING1 that phosphorylates STING1 and IRF3 in the cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway.
Reason: Core biological process; TBK1 is an essential kinase of the cGAS-STING axis.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
acts by first phosphorylating innate adapter proteins MAVS, STING1 and TICAM1
GO:0004674 protein serine/threonine kinase activity
ISS
GO_REF:0000024
ACCEPT
Summary: TBK1 is a non-canonical IKK-related serine/threonine protein kinase; this is its core, extensively documented molecular function (trans-autophosphorylation at Ser172; phosphorylation of IRF3/IRF7, the adaptors MAVS/STING1/TICAM1, OPTN, SMCR8, ATG8s, etc.).
Reason: Core molecular function directly demonstrated by multiple experimental studies.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating inflammatory responses to foreign agents
GO:1904515 positive regulation of TORC2 signaling
ISS
GO_REF:0000024
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Positive regulation of TORC2 signaling (ISS/IEA, by orthology): TBK1 promotes mTORC2-dependent AKT1 activation. Secondary/pleiotropic role.
Reason: Orthology-based, secondary role; non-core relative to innate immunity/autophagy.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Acts as a positive regulator of the mTORC2 complex by mediating phosphorylation of MTOR
GO:0005829 cytosol
IDA
PMID:21813773
IFN-induced TPR protein IFIT3 potentiates antiviral signalin...
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosol: the core subcellular location of TBK1 signaling activity.
Reason: Core cytosolic localization consistent with experimental cytoplasmic localization.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0032481 positive regulation of type I interferon production
IDA
PMID:25636800
Phosphorylation of innate immune adaptor proteins MAVS, STIN...
ACCEPT
Summary: Positive regulation of type I interferon production: core process by which TBK1 phosphorylates IRF3/IRF7 to induce IFN-alpha/IFN-beta.
Reason: Core biological process; TBK1 drives type I IFN induction via IRF3/IRF7 phosphorylation.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
acts by first phosphorylating innate adapter proteins MAVS, STING1 and TICAM1 on their pLxIS motif, leading to recruitment of IRF3, thereby licensing IRF3 for phosphorylation by TBK1
GO:0061470 T follicular helper cell differentiation
IDA
PMID:27135603
A TRAF-like motif of the inducible costimulator ICOS control...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: T follicular helper cell differentiation: TBK1 participates with ICOS in TFH/TFR cell differentiation. A specialized, developmental/immunological role.
Reason: Specialized pleiotropic role; non-core relative to the kinase's central innate-immune/autophagy functions.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
participates in the differentiation of T follicular regulatory cells together with the receptor ICOS
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:32209697
Noncanonical STAT1 phosphorylation expands its transcription...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0140374 antiviral innate immune response
IDA
PMID:14703513
Identification of Ser-386 of interferon regulatory factor 3 ...
ACCEPT
Summary: Antiviral innate immune response: a core biological process for TBK1, which phosphorylates IRF3 (e.g. Ser-386) and the adaptors STING1/MAVS/TRIF to drive antiviral gene expression.
Reason: Core biological process directly demonstrated; TBK1 is a master kinase of antiviral innate immunity.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
acts by first phosphorylating innate adapter proteins MAVS, STING1 and TICAM1 on their pLxIS motif, leading to recruitment of IRF3, thereby licensing IRF3 for phosphorylation by TBK1
GO:0004674 protein serine/threonine kinase activity
TAS
PMID:37403426
MicroRNA-4691-3p inhibits the inflammatory response by targe...
ACCEPT
Summary: TBK1 is a non-canonical IKK-related serine/threonine protein kinase; this is its core, extensively documented molecular function (trans-autophosphorylation at Ser172; phosphorylation of IRF3/IRF7, the adaptors MAVS/STING1/TICAM1, OPTN, SMCR8, ATG8s, etc.).
Reason: Core molecular function directly demonstrated by multiple experimental studies.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating inflammatory responses to foreign agents
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
PMID:37403426
MicroRNA-4691-3p inhibits the inflammatory response by targe...
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosol: the core subcellular location of TBK1 signaling activity.
Reason: Core cytosolic localization consistent with experimental cytoplasmic localization.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0004674 protein serine/threonine kinase activity
IDA
PMID:22394562
STING specifies IRF3 phosphorylation by TBK1 in the cytosoli...
ACCEPT
Summary: TBK1 is a non-canonical IKK-related serine/threonine protein kinase; this is its core, extensively documented molecular function (trans-autophosphorylation at Ser172; phosphorylation of IRF3/IRF7, the adaptors MAVS/STING1/TICAM1, OPTN, SMCR8, ATG8s, etc.).
Reason: Core molecular function directly demonstrated by multiple experimental studies.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating inflammatory responses to foreign agents
GO:0032481 positive regulation of type I interferon production
IDA
PMID:22394562
STING specifies IRF3 phosphorylation by TBK1 in the cytosoli...
ACCEPT
Summary: Positive regulation of type I interferon production: core process by which TBK1 phosphorylates IRF3/IRF7 to induce IFN-alpha/IFN-beta.
Reason: Core biological process; TBK1 drives type I IFN induction via IRF3/IRF7 phosphorylation.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
acts by first phosphorylating innate adapter proteins MAVS, STING1 and TICAM1 on their pLxIS motif, leading to recruitment of IRF3, thereby licensing IRF3 for phosphorylation by TBK1
GO:0140374 antiviral innate immune response
IDA
PMID:22394562
STING specifies IRF3 phosphorylation by TBK1 in the cytosoli...
ACCEPT
Summary: Antiviral innate immune response: a core biological process for TBK1, which phosphorylates IRF3 (e.g. Ser-386) and the adaptors STING1/MAVS/TRIF to drive antiviral gene expression.
Reason: Core biological process directly demonstrated; TBK1 is a master kinase of antiviral innate immunity.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
acts by first phosphorylating innate adapter proteins MAVS, STING1 and TICAM1 on their pLxIS motif, leading to recruitment of IRF3, thereby licensing IRF3 for phosphorylation by TBK1
GO:0002218 activation of innate immune response
IDA
PMID:25636800
Phosphorylation of innate immune adaptor proteins MAVS, STIN...
ACCEPT
Summary: Activation of innate immune response: core process; TBK1 activation is a central node in innate antiviral signaling.
Reason: Core biological process directly supported by experimental evidence.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
acts by first phosphorylating innate adapter proteins MAVS, STING1 and TICAM1 on their pLxIS motif, leading to recruitment of IRF3, thereby licensing IRF3 for phosphorylation by TBK1
GO:0004674 protein serine/threonine kinase activity
IDA
PMID:29150432
The IKK-related kinase TBK1 activates mTORC1 directly in res...
ACCEPT
Summary: TBK1 is a non-canonical IKK-related serine/threonine protein kinase; this is its core, extensively documented molecular function (trans-autophosphorylation at Ser172; phosphorylation of IRF3/IRF7, the adaptors MAVS/STING1/TICAM1, OPTN, SMCR8, ATG8s, etc.).
Reason: Core molecular function directly demonstrated by multiple experimental studies.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating inflammatory responses to foreign agents
GO:0004674 protein serine/threonine kinase activity
IDA
PMID:31530866
TBK1 Limits mTORC1 by Promoting Phosphorylation of Raptor Se...
ACCEPT
Summary: TBK1 is a non-canonical IKK-related serine/threonine protein kinase; this is its core, extensively documented molecular function (trans-autophosphorylation at Ser172; phosphorylation of IRF3/IRF7, the adaptors MAVS/STING1/TICAM1, OPTN, SMCR8, ATG8s, etc.).
Reason: Core molecular function directly demonstrated by multiple experimental studies.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating inflammatory responses to foreign agents
GO:1904262 negative regulation of TORC1 signaling
IDA
PMID:31530866
TBK1 Limits mTORC1 by Promoting Phosphorylation of Raptor Se...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Negative regulation of TORC1 signaling: TBK1 limits mTORC1 by phosphorylating RPTOR (Ser877). A context-dependent, secondary role opposite to its TORC1-activating role.
Reason: Real but context-dependent/pleiotropic; non-core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
it limits the mTORC1 complex by promoting phosphorylation of RPTOR
GO:1904263 positive regulation of TORC1 signaling
IDA
PMID:29150432
The IKK-related kinase TBK1 activates mTORC1 directly in res...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Positive regulation of TORC1 signaling: TBK1 activates mTORC1 in response to growth factors (MTOR phosphorylation). A context-dependent, secondary role.
Reason: Real but context-dependent and pleiotropic; opposite TORC1 effects are reported depending on stimulus. Non-core relative to innate immunity/autophagy.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
activates mTORC1 in response to growth factors by catalyzing phosphorylation of MTOR
GO:0034142 toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway
IDA
PMID:28747347
TRIM8 Negatively Regulates TLR3/4-Mediated Innate Immune Res...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Toll-like receptor 4 signaling pathway: TBK1 acts downstream of TLR4 (via TRIF) to activate IRF3. An upstream-pathway context for its IFN-induction role.
Reason: Correct pathway context; the antiviral-innate-immune and type-I-IFN terms are the core capture.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors
GO:0032481 positive regulation of type I interferon production
IDA
PMID:14703513
Identification of Ser-386 of interferon regulatory factor 3 ...
ACCEPT
Summary: Positive regulation of type I interferon production: core process by which TBK1 phosphorylates IRF3/IRF7 to induce IFN-alpha/IFN-beta.
Reason: Core biological process; TBK1 drives type I IFN induction via IRF3/IRF7 phosphorylation.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
acts by first phosphorylating innate adapter proteins MAVS, STING1 and TICAM1 on their pLxIS motif, leading to recruitment of IRF3, thereby licensing IRF3 for phosphorylation by TBK1
GO:0004674 protein serine/threonine kinase activity
IDA
PMID:22921120
TBK-1 promotes autophagy-mediated antimicrobial defense by c...
ACCEPT
Summary: TBK1 is a non-canonical IKK-related serine/threonine protein kinase; this is its core, extensively documented molecular function (trans-autophosphorylation at Ser172; phosphorylation of IRF3/IRF7, the adaptors MAVS/STING1/TICAM1, OPTN, SMCR8, ATG8s, etc.).
Reason: Core molecular function directly demonstrated by multiple experimental studies.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating inflammatory responses to foreign agents
GO:0010508 positive regulation of autophagy
IDA
PMID:28871090
TRIM23 mediates virus-induced autophagy via activation of TB...
ACCEPT
Summary: Positive regulation of autophagy: core process driven by TBK1 phosphorylation of autophagy machinery and receptors.
Reason: Core biological process directly demonstrated.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Restricts bacterial proliferation by phosphorylating the autophagy receptor OPTN/Optineurin on 'Ser-177', thus enhancing LC3 binding affinity and antibacterial autophagy
GO:0004674 protein serine/threonine kinase activity
IDA
PMID:29441066
TANK-Binding Kinase 1 (TBK1) Isoforms Negatively Regulate Ty...
ACCEPT
Summary: TBK1 is a non-canonical IKK-related serine/threonine protein kinase; this is its core, extensively documented molecular function (trans-autophosphorylation at Ser172; phosphorylation of IRF3/IRF7, the adaptors MAVS/STING1/TICAM1, OPTN, SMCR8, ATG8s, etc.).
Reason: Core molecular function directly demonstrated by multiple experimental studies.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating inflammatory responses to foreign agents
GO:0032728 positive regulation of interferon-beta production
IDA
PMID:31390091
TRAF3IP3 mediates the recruitment of TRAF3 to MAVS for antiv...
ACCEPT
Summary: Positive regulation of interferon-beta production: a specific, core output of TBK1-mediated IRF3 activation.
Reason: Core biological process; TBK1 induces IFN-beta via IRF3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
transcriptional activation of pro-inflammatory and antiviral genes including IFNA and IFNB
GO:0032481 positive regulation of type I interferon production
IDA
PMID:29441066
TANK-Binding Kinase 1 (TBK1) Isoforms Negatively Regulate Ty...
ACCEPT
Summary: Positive regulation of type I interferon production: core process by which TBK1 phosphorylates IRF3/IRF7 to induce IFN-alpha/IFN-beta.
Reason: Core biological process; TBK1 drives type I IFN induction via IRF3/IRF7 phosphorylation.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
acts by first phosphorylating innate adapter proteins MAVS, STING1 and TICAM1 on their pLxIS motif, leading to recruitment of IRF3, thereby licensing IRF3 for phosphorylation by TBK1
GO:0004674 protein serine/threonine kinase activity
IDA
PMID:31709703
TBK1-mediated phosphorylation of LC3C and GABARAP-L2 control...
ACCEPT
Summary: TBK1 is a non-canonical IKK-related serine/threonine protein kinase; this is its core, extensively documented molecular function (trans-autophosphorylation at Ser172; phosphorylation of IRF3/IRF7, the adaptors MAVS/STING1/TICAM1, OPTN, SMCR8, ATG8s, etc.).
Reason: Core molecular function directly demonstrated by multiple experimental studies.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating inflammatory responses to foreign agents
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-9823904
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-9828200
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:20628368
Tom70 mediates activation of interferon regulatory factor 3 ...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:30354798
Ccdc61 controls centrosomal localization of Cep170 and is re...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0004674 protein serine/threonine kinase activity
IDA
PMID:31662325
Phosphorylation of RAB7 by TBK1/IKKΞ΅ Regulates Innate Immune...
ACCEPT
Summary: TBK1 is a non-canonical IKK-related serine/threonine protein kinase; this is its core, extensively documented molecular function (trans-autophosphorylation at Ser172; phosphorylation of IRF3/IRF7, the adaptors MAVS/STING1/TICAM1, OPTN, SMCR8, ATG8s, etc.).
Reason: Core molecular function directly demonstrated by multiple experimental studies.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating inflammatory responses to foreign agents
GO:0005737 cytoplasm
IDA
PMID:29251827
Quantitative Proteomics Identified TTC4 as a TBK1 Interactor...
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytoplasm: the core compartment where TBK1 assembles into signaling complexes and phosphorylates its substrates.
Reason: Core cytoplasmic localization, experimentally supported.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:28011935
TTLL12 Inhibits the Activation of Cellular Antiviral Signali...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0004674 protein serine/threonine kinase activity
IDA
PMID:25636800
Phosphorylation of innate immune adaptor proteins MAVS, STIN...
ACCEPT
Summary: TBK1 is a non-canonical IKK-related serine/threonine protein kinase; this is its core, extensively documented molecular function (trans-autophosphorylation at Ser172; phosphorylation of IRF3/IRF7, the adaptors MAVS/STING1/TICAM1, OPTN, SMCR8, ATG8s, etc.).
Reason: Core molecular function directly demonstrated by multiple experimental studies.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating inflammatory responses to foreign agents
GO:0018105 peptidyl-serine phosphorylation
IDA
PMID:25636800
Phosphorylation of innate immune adaptor proteins MAVS, STIN...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Peptidyl-serine phosphorylation: a generic process description of TBK1's kinase activity.
Reason: Correct but generic; the protein serine/threonine kinase activity (MF) and the specific signaling-pathway terms are more informative.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating inflammatory responses to foreign agents
GO:0018107 peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation
IDA
PMID:25636800
Phosphorylation of innate immune adaptor proteins MAVS, STIN...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation: a generic process description of TBK1's kinase activity.
Reason: Correct but generic; the protein serine/threonine kinase activity (MF) and the specific signaling-pathway terms are more informative.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating inflammatory responses to foreign agents
GO:0032479 regulation of type I interferon production
IDA
PMID:25636800
Phosphorylation of innate immune adaptor proteins MAVS, STIN...
ACCEPT
Summary: Regulation of type I interferon production: core regulatory role of TBK1 via adaptor and IRF3 phosphorylation.
Reason: Core biological process; consistent with the positive-regulation-of-type-I-IFN annotations.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
acts by first phosphorylating innate adapter proteins MAVS, STING1 and TICAM1 on their pLxIS motif, leading to recruitment of IRF3, thereby licensing IRF3 for phosphorylation by TBK1
GO:0045087 innate immune response
IDA
PMID:25636800
Phosphorylation of innate immune adaptor proteins MAVS, STIN...
ACCEPT
Summary: Innate immune response: core biological process for TBK1.
Reason: Core biological process; TBK1 is central to innate immune signaling.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
acts by first phosphorylating innate adapter proteins MAVS, STING1 and TICAM1 on their pLxIS motif, leading to recruitment of IRF3, thereby licensing IRF3 for phosphorylation by TBK1
GO:0019903 protein phosphatase binding
ISS
GO_REF:0000024
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Protein phosphatase binding, inferred by orthology (IEA/ISS). Relates to regulation of TBK1 phosphorylation status; not a core function.
Reason: Orthology-based interaction property; non-core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating inflammatory responses to foreign agents
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-9008684
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0004674 protein serine/threonine kinase activity
IDA
PMID:27103069
Loss of C9ORF72 impairs autophagy and synergizes with polyQ ...
ACCEPT
Summary: TBK1 is a non-canonical IKK-related serine/threonine protein kinase; this is its core, extensively documented molecular function (trans-autophosphorylation at Ser172; phosphorylation of IRF3/IRF7, the adaptors MAVS/STING1/TICAM1, OPTN, SMCR8, ATG8s, etc.).
Reason: Core molecular function directly demonstrated by multiple experimental studies.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating inflammatory responses to foreign agents
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:27103069
Loss of C9ORF72 impairs autophagy and synergizes with polyQ ...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0006468 protein phosphorylation
IDA
PMID:27103069
Loss of C9ORF72 impairs autophagy and synergizes with polyQ ...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Protein phosphorylation: a generic process description of TBK1's kinase activity.
Reason: Correct but generic; the protein serine/threonine kinase activity (MF) and the specific signaling-pathway terms are more informative.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating inflammatory responses to foreign agents
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:24560620
NLRC3, a member of the NLR family of proteins, is a negative...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0016239 positive regulation of macroautophagy
IDA
PMID:27103069
Loss of C9ORF72 impairs autophagy and synergizes with polyQ ...
ACCEPT
Summary: Positive regulation of macroautophagy: core process; TBK1 phosphorylates autophagy receptors (OPTN Ser177) and SMCR8 to promote selective autophagy and autophagosome maturation.
Reason: Core biological process directly demonstrated (OPTN, SMCR8, ATG8 phosphorylation).
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Restricts bacterial proliferation by phosphorylating the autophagy receptor OPTN/Optineurin on 'Ser-177', thus enhancing LC3 binding affinity and antibacterial autophagy
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:25736436
WDFY1 mediates TLR3/4 signaling by recruiting TRIF.
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0004674 protein serine/threonine kinase activity
IDA
PMID:25803835
Haploinsufficiency of TBK1 causes familial ALS and fronto-te...
ACCEPT
Summary: TBK1 is a non-canonical IKK-related serine/threonine protein kinase; this is its core, extensively documented molecular function (trans-autophosphorylation at Ser172; phosphorylation of IRF3/IRF7, the adaptors MAVS/STING1/TICAM1, OPTN, SMCR8, ATG8s, etc.).
Reason: Core molecular function directly demonstrated by multiple experimental studies.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating inflammatory responses to foreign agents
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:24056301
The deubiquitylase USP33 discriminates between RALB function...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-3249386
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-8948709
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-1606327
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-166245
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-166271
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-2396002
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-2396007
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-3249371
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-3249390
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-3249392
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-8948703
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-9013978
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-9013979
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-918229
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-918232
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-933525
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-933538
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-9679819
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-9705320
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-9705323
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-9817397
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-9817411
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-9823906
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-9824892
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-9824894
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-9824897
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-9828205
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-9840807
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:21813773
IFN-induced TPR protein IFIT3 potentiates antiviral signalin...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005737 cytoplasm
IDA
PMID:21813773
IFN-induced TPR protein IFIT3 potentiates antiviral signalin...
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytoplasm: the core compartment where TBK1 assembles into signaling complexes and phosphorylates its substrates.
Reason: Core cytoplasmic localization, experimentally supported.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:18636086
The tumour suppressor CYLD is a negative regulator of RIG-I-...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0004674 protein serine/threonine kinase activity
TAS
PMID:21042276
Emerging roles for the non-canonical IKKs in cancer.
ACCEPT
Summary: TBK1 is a non-canonical IKK-related serine/threonine protein kinase; this is its core, extensively documented molecular function (trans-autophosphorylation at Ser172; phosphorylation of IRF3/IRF7, the adaptors MAVS/STING1/TICAM1, OPTN, SMCR8, ATG8s, etc.).
Reason: Core molecular function directly demonstrated by multiple experimental studies.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating inflammatory responses to foreign agents
GO:0006954 inflammatory response
TAS
PMID:21042276
Emerging roles for the non-canonical IKKs in cancer.
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Inflammatory response (review TAS). A broad downstream consequence of TBK1 signaling.
Reason: Broad/secondary process; the specific IFN and NF-kappaB signaling terms are more informative.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating inflammatory responses to foreign agents
GO:0007249 canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction
TAS
PMID:21042276
Emerging roles for the non-canonical IKKs in cancer.
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction (TAS). Records TBK1's NF-kappaB-pathway involvement; the positive-regulation term is the more informative capture.
Reason: Correct pathway context; subsumed by the positive-regulation-of-canonical-NF-kappaB annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
functions as a NF-kappa-B effector by phosphorylating NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha/NFKBIA, IKBKB or RELA
GO:0009615 response to virus
TAS
PMID:21042276
Emerging roles for the non-canonical IKKs in cancer.
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Response to virus: a generic parent of TBK1's specific antiviral/innate-immune role.
Reason: Correct but generic; the specific antiviral-innate-immune-response and type-I-IFN-production terms capture the core function more precisely.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
acts by first phosphorylating innate adapter proteins MAVS, STING1 and TICAM1 on their pLxIS motif, leading to recruitment of IRF3, thereby licensing IRF3 for phosphorylation by TBK1
GO:0032481 positive regulation of type I interferon production
TAS
PMID:21042276
Emerging roles for the non-canonical IKKs in cancer.
ACCEPT
Summary: Positive regulation of type I interferon production: core process by which TBK1 phosphorylates IRF3/IRF7 to induce IFN-alpha/IFN-beta.
Reason: Core biological process; TBK1 drives type I IFN induction via IRF3/IRF7 phosphorylation.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
acts by first phosphorylating innate adapter proteins MAVS, STING1 and TICAM1 on their pLxIS motif, leading to recruitment of IRF3, thereby licensing IRF3 for phosphorylation by TBK1
GO:0045087 innate immune response
TAS
PMID:21042276
Emerging roles for the non-canonical IKKs in cancer.
ACCEPT
Summary: Innate immune response: core biological process for TBK1.
Reason: Core biological process; TBK1 is central to innate immune signaling.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
acts by first phosphorylating innate adapter proteins MAVS, STING1 and TICAM1 on their pLxIS motif, leading to recruitment of IRF3, thereby licensing IRF3 for phosphorylation by TBK1
GO:0032727 positive regulation of interferon-alpha production
IDA
PMID:16127453
IPS-1, an adaptor triggering RIG-I- and Mda5-mediated type I...
ACCEPT
Summary: Positive regulation of interferon-alpha production: core output of TBK1/IRF7 activation in the RIG-I/MAVS (IPS-1) pathway.
Reason: Core biological process; TBK1 induces IFN-alpha via IRF activation.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
transcriptional activation of pro-inflammatory and antiviral genes including IFNA and IFNB
GO:0032728 positive regulation of interferon-beta production
IDA
PMID:16127453
IPS-1, an adaptor triggering RIG-I- and Mda5-mediated type I...
ACCEPT
Summary: Positive regulation of interferon-beta production: a specific, core output of TBK1-mediated IRF3 activation.
Reason: Core biological process; TBK1 induces IFN-beta via IRF3.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
transcriptional activation of pro-inflammatory and antiviral genes including IFNA and IFNB
GO:0045944 positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II
IDA
PMID:16127453
IPS-1, an adaptor triggering RIG-I- and Mda5-mediated type I...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II: an indirect consequence of TBK1 activating IRF3/IRF7 transcription factors.
Reason: Indirect (via IRF activation); non-core. The IFN-production terms capture the relevant output.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
leading to transcriptional activation of pro-inflammatory and antiviral genes
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:19419966
The tyrosine kinase c-Src enhances RIG-I (retinoic acid-indu...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:20174559
Optineurin negatively regulates the induction of IFNbeta in ...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0051219 phosphoprotein binding
IPI
PMID:14530355
Toll/IL-1 receptor domain-containing adaptor inducing IFN-be...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Phosphoprotein binding (TRIF/TICAM1 study). A specific interaction property; uninformative as a core function.
Reason: Records an interaction property; not a core function and subsumed by kinase activity.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
phosphorylating innate adapter proteins MAVS, STING1 and TICAM1
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-1834939
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-3249378
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-918225
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-933527
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-937337
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-9705010
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-9705082
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-9705137
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-9705145
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-9709831
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-9709852
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-9710988
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-9754827
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-9823910
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-9823934
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-9824888
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-9828196
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005829 cytosol
TAS
Reactome:R-HSA-9828209
ACCEPT
Summary: Cytosolic localization from a Reactome reaction-step annotation. Correct core compartment, though one of many redundant per-step pathway localizations.
Reason: Correct cytosolic compartment where TBK1 signaling occurs; redundant with the experimental cytosol/cytoplasm evidence but consistent and retained as core.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm
GO:0005515 protein binding
IPI
PMID:16281057
SIKE is an IKK epsilon/TBK1-associated suppressor of TLR3- a...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: IPI interaction annotation. TBK1 has a very large interactome (adaptors TANK/AZI2/SINTBAD, OPTN, STING1, MAVS, TRAF3, DDX3X, regulators, and many viral antagonists). These interactions are functionally important but bare protein binding is uninformative.
Reason: Records real interactions but bare protein binding (GO:0005515) is uninformative per curation guidelines; the kinase activity and specific signaling-pathway annotations capture the function.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Following activation of toll-like receptors by viral or bacterial components, associates with TRAF3 and TANK and phosphorylates interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) IRF3 and IRF7 as well as DDX3X
GO:0043123 positive regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction
IEP
PMID:12761501
Large-scale identification and characterization of human gen...
ACCEPT
Summary: Positive regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction: the founding role of TBK1 (TANK-binding kinase) as an IKK-related NF-kappaB-activating kinase.
Reason: Well-supported biological process; TBK1 was identified as an NF-kappaB-activating IKK-related kinase and phosphorylates RELA/NFKBIA/IKBKB under particular conditions.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
functions as a NF-kappa-B effector by phosphorylating NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha/NFKBIA, IKBKB or RELA to translocate NF-Kappa-B to the nucleus
GO:0004672 protein kinase activity
NAS
PMID:10581243
NF-kappaB activation by a signaling complex containing TRAF2...
ACCEPT
Summary: TBK1 is a non-canonical IKK-related serine/threonine protein kinase; this is its core, extensively documented molecular function (trans-autophosphorylation at Ser172; phosphorylation of IRF3/IRF7, the adaptors MAVS/STING1/TICAM1, OPTN, SMCR8, ATG8s, etc.).
Reason: Core molecular function directly demonstrated by multiple experimental studies.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
Serine/threonine kinase that plays an essential role in regulating inflammatory responses to foreign agents
GO:0007249 canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction
TAS
PMID:10581243
NF-kappaB activation by a signaling complex containing TRAF2...
KEEP AS NON CORE
Summary: Canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction (TAS). Records TBK1's NF-kappaB-pathway involvement; the positive-regulation term is the more informative capture.
Reason: Correct pathway context; subsumed by the positive-regulation-of-canonical-NF-kappaB annotation.
Supporting Evidence:
file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
functions as a NF-kappa-B effector by phosphorylating NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha/NFKBIA, IKBKB or RELA

Core Functions

Acts as a non-canonical IKK-related protein serine/threonine kinase, phosphorylating the innate adaptors MAVS, STING1 and TICAM1/TRIF and the transcription factors IRF3/IRF7 to induce type I interferons in the antiviral innate immune response, including the cGAS-STING DNA-sensing pathway.

Supporting Evidence:
  • file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
    acts by first phosphorylating innate adapter proteins MAVS, STING1 and TICAM1 on their pLxIS motif, leading to recruitment of IRF3, thereby licensing IRF3 for phosphorylation by TBK1

Drives selective autophagy by phosphorylating autophagy cargo receptors (e.g. OPTN/optineurin on Ser177) and autophagy machinery (SMCR8, ATG8 proteins), enhancing receptor ubiquitin/LC3 binding and autophagosome maturation to mediate mitophagy and antibacterial xenophagy.

Supporting Evidence:
  • file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
    Restricts bacterial proliferation by phosphorylating the autophagy receptor OPTN/Optineurin on 'Ser-177', thus enhancing LC3 binding affinity and antibacterial autophagy

Functions as an NF-kappaB-activating IKK-related kinase, assembling with the adaptor TANK and phosphorylating RELA/NFKBIA/IKBKB under particular conditions to promote NF-kappaB-dependent gene expression.

Supporting Evidence:
  • file:human/TBK1/TBK1-uniprot.txt
    functions as a NF-kappa-B effector by phosphorylating NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha/NFKBIA, IKBKB or RELA to translocate NF-Kappa-B to the nucleus

References

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Suggested Questions for Experts

Q: How is TBK1's substrate selection partitioned between its antiviral/IFN-induction outputs (IRF3/IRF7, STING1/MAVS/TRIF) and its selective-autophagy outputs (OPTN, NDP52, TAX1BP1, SMCR8, ATG8s) within different signaling complexes and adaptors?

Q: Given that TBK1 both activates and limits mTORC1 depending on stimulus, what determines the directionality of its mTOR regulation, and how does this intersect with its core innate-immune and autophagy roles?

Suggested Experiments

Experiment: Use TBK1-knockout cells reconstituted with wild-type, kinase-dead (K38A), or Ser172-phospho-deficient TBK1, combined with phosphoproteomics under cGAS-STING, RIG-I/MAVS, TLR3/4, and mitophagy/xenophagy stimuli, to map the stimulus-specific TBK1 substrate repertoire and distinguish core IFN-induction from autophagy outputs.

Experiment: Reconstitute IRF3 and OPTN phosphorylation in vitro with purified TBK1 and the adaptors STING1/MAVS or autophagy receptors to test how adaptor pLxIS-motif phosphorylation and TBK1 oligomerization license downstream substrate phosphorylation.

Deep Research

Falcon

(TBK1-deep-research-falcon.md)

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πŸ“š Additional Documentation

Notes

(TBK1-notes.md)

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Pn Notes

(TBK1-pn-notes.md)

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πŸ“„ View Raw YAML

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